List of descriptive plant epithets (A–H)

Since the first printing of Carl Linnaeus's Species Plantarum in 1753, plant species have been assigned one epithet (name) for the species and one for their genus (a grouping of related species).[1] These scientific names have been catalogued in a variety of works, including Stearn's Dictionary of Plant Names for Gardeners. William Stearn (1911–2001) was one of the pre-eminent British botanists of the 20th century: a Librarian of the Royal Horticultural Society, a president of the Linnean Society and the original drafter of the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants.[2][3]

Stapelia hirsuta, the "hairy" starfish flower

The first column below lists species epithets from Stearn's Dictionary, excluding proper nouns and proper adjectives (derived from the names of things, such as people, places, and genus epithets). Also excluded are some repetitive suffixes for plant parts and colours, and epithets used only in species names that, for a variety of reasons, are no longer widely accepted.

The third column frequently cites Charlton T. Lewis's An Elementary Latin Dictionary.[4] The last three columns indicate citations to Latin for Gardeners[5] by Lorraine Harrison, Botanical Latin[6] by Stearn (not to be confused with Stearn's Dictionary), and The A to Z of Plant Names by Allen Coombes. Almost all the epithets in the first column also appear in David Gledhill's The Names of Plants, and for those not covered verbatim, he covers similar words with different prefixes or suffixes (except for glaphyrus).[lower-alpha 1]

Key

LG = language: (L)atin or (G)reek
L = derived from Latin, or both Classical Latin and Greek (unless otherwise noted)
G = derived from Greek
H = listed in Harrison's Latin for Gardeners
S = listed in Stearn's Botanical Latin
C = listed in Coombes's The A to Z of Plant Names
Cf. = "compare with" (from sources other than Stearn's Dictionary)

Epithets

Melilotus albus and a honeybee
... and in the water
Stream in Kamchatka with Salix arctica
Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera)
Illustration of Iris furcata
Illustration of Cistus heterophyllus
Epithets
Epithets[7][8] LG Meaning and additional epithets Species[lower-alpha 3] H S C[lower-alpha 4]
abbreviatus Lshortened Caladenia abbreviata HS
aberrans Laberrant, from aberro, to deviate[4] Acronychia aberrans S
abortivus Labortive[4] Ranunculus abortivus H S
abruptus Lcut off[4] Acacia abrupta S
abscissus Lcut off, from abscindo[4] Narcissus abscissus S
abundiflorus Lflowering abundantly Alpinia abundiflora*
acanthocarpus Gspiny-fruited Cylindropuntia acanthocarpa S
acaulis L(apparently) stemless, from a- + caulis[4] Silene acaulis H S C[9]
acephalus Gheadless Syngonanthus acephalus*
acris Lsharp[4] Ranunculus acris C[10]
acerbus Lharsh; bitter[4] Hovenia acerba* S
acerosus Lsharp; needle-shaped Verticordia acerosa H S C[11]
acicularis Lneedle-shaped, from acus, needle;[4] acicular Orites acicularis H S C[12]
aciculifer
acidus Lsour[4] Phyllanthus acidus S
acidosus
acidissimus
acinaceus Lscimitar Acacia acinacea H
aciniformis S
actinacanthus Gray-spined Berberis actinacantha S
aculeatus Lstinging or sharp;[4] aculeate Banksia aculeata H S C[13]
aculeolatus H
aculeatissimus Lsharpest Solanum aculeatissimum
acuminatus Ltapering; acuminate Musa acuminata H S C[14]
acutus Lpointed; acute Juncus acutus H S C[15]
acutangulus S
acutissimus Lmost acute Quercus acutissima H C[16]
adenophorus Gglandular Ageratina adenophora H S
admirabilis Ladmirable[4] Drosera admirabilis H
adnatus Ljoined (organs), from agnascor, to be late-born;[4][8] adnate Nepenthes adnata H S
adpressus Lpressed close together, from apprimo;[4] appressed. Also spelled appressus. Muehlenbeckia adpressa H S C[17]
adscendens Lascending, from ascendo[4] Melicope adscendens H S
adscitus Ladopted[4] Rubus adscitus*
adsurgens Lrising, from adsurgo[4] Acacia adsurgens H
aduncus Lhooked[4] Piper aduncum HS
adustus Lsunburnt; brown[4] Carex adusta S
advenus Lstranger, from advena[4] Nuphar advena S
aemulus Lemulating.[4] Cf. aemulans.[5] Banksia aemula HS
aeneus Lbronze[4] Begonia aenea S
aequalis Lequal[4] Diuris aequalis H S C[18]
aequinoctialis Lequatorial, from aequinoctium, equinox[4] Aneilema aequinoctiale H
aerius Laerial[4] Crocus aerius* H S
aeruginosus Lverdigris, from aerugo[4] Pimelea aeruginosa S
aestivus Lsummer[4] Leucojum aestivum S C[19]
aestivalis S C[20]
affinis Lrelated, from adfinis, adjoining[4][8] Stachys affinis S C[21]
aganniphus Gsnow-covered. Stearn's spelling is agannifus. Rhododendron aganniphum
agastus Gcharming Rhododendron agastum* H
agglutinatus Lglued, from agglutino, to stick on[4] Echites agglutinatus* S
aggregatus Lclustered, from aggrego, to bring together[4] Eucalyptus aggregata H S C[22]
agrarius Lof the land[4] Fumaria agraria* H S
agrestis Lrustic; growing in the fields[4] Anthoceros agrestis H S
alatus Lwinged;[4] alate Mimulus alatus H S C[23]
albus Lwhite Melilotus albus H S C[24]
albidus Loff-white Sassafras albidum, Iris albicans H S C[25]
albescens H S
albicans H C[26]
algidus Lcold[4] Boronia algida S
alienus Lalien;[4] introduced Quercus aliena S
alpestris Lof mountains[8] Prasophyllum alpestre H C[27]
alpinus Lalpine; of mountains[4] Potamogeton alpinus H S C[28]
alpicola H C[29]
alpigenus H
alternus Lalternating;[4] alternate Physocarpus alternans S
alternans H S
altus Ltall; high[4] Coccothrinax alta H S
altissimus Ltallest; highest Ailanthus altissima H C[30]
alticola Lgrowing in high places[8] Genoplesium alticola
alulatus Lnarrow-winged[8] Boronia alulata
alutaceus Lleathery,[8] from aluta,[4] soft leather Shorea alutacea S
amarus Lbitter[4] Simarouba amara H S
amarellus H
ambiguus Lambiguous[4] Kunzea ambigua H S
ambrosiacus Lambrosia[4] Achillea ambrosiaca*
amethystinus Lviolet; purple[4] Primula amethystina H S C[31]
ammophilus Gsand-loving[8] Eucalyptus ammophila H S
amoenus Lpleasant[4] Felicia amoena H S C[32]
amphibius Ggrowing both on land and in water[8] Persicaria amphibia H S
amplexicaulis Lstem-embracing, from amplexor, to embrace;[4] amplexicaul Hakea amplexicaulis H S C[33]
amplus Lample[4] Callicarpa ampla H S
amplissimus Lmost ample Ficus amplissima
ampliatus Lenlarged, from amplio[4] Acacia ampliata S
ampullaceus Lflask-shaped, from ampulla[4] Senecio ampullaceus S
amygdalinus Lalmond, from amygdalum[4] Eucalyptus amygdalina H S
amygdaliformis H
amygdaloides H C[23]
anacanthus Gthornless;[8] spineless Opuntia anacantha S
anceps Ltwo-headed; two-sided; uncertain[4] Epidendrum anceps H S C[34]
androgynus Landrogyne;[4] androgynous Sauropus androgynus H S
anfractuosus Lrecurving, from anfractus[4] Acacia anfractuosa S
anguicidus Lsnake-killing Aristolochia anguicida*
anguinus Lserpentine[4] Smilax anguina*
angulatus Langular[4] Cycas angulata H S
angularis H S
angulosus H S
anguliger Lhooked Disocactus anguliger
angustatus Lnarrowed Protea angustata S
anisophyllus Gwith unequal leaves[8] Artocarpus anisophyllus H S
annotinus Lone year old[4] Spinulum annotinum S
annularis Lring-shaped;[8] with an annulus Eucalyptus annulata S
annulatus H S
annuus Llasting a year[4] Helianthus annuus H S C[20]
anomalus Ganomalous[8] Hydrangea anomala H S C[35]
anosmus Godorless[8] Dendrobium anosmum H
anserinus Lof a goose, anser[4] Argentina anserina S
anthelmius Lanti-worm Spigelia anthelmia*
anthocrene Gfountain of flowers[8] Oncidium anthocrene*
anthopogon Gbearded flowers[8] Rhododendron anthopogon*
antiquorum Lancient[4][lower-alpha 5] Euphorbia antiquorum H
antiquus H S
apertus Luncovered; open[4] Caladenia aperta H S
apetalus Gwithout petals[8] Pomaderris apetala H S
aphyllus Gleafless[8] Euphorbia aphylla H S
apiatus Lbee-like, from apis[4] Gentiana apiata*
apiculatus Lpointed, from apicula, a small bee;[8] apiculate Darwinia apiculata H C[36]
apifer L(apparently) bearing a bee, from apis[4][lower-alpha 6] Ophrys apifera H
apodus Lfootless; stalkless[8] Selaginella apoda H S
appendiculatus Lwith appendages, from appendicula[4] Asplenium appendiculatum H S
applanatus Lflattened[8] Acacia applanata H S
appressus Lpressed close together, from apprimo;[4] appressed. Also spelled adpressus. Eremophila appressa H S
apricus Lsun-exposed; sun-loving[4] Eriogonum apricum H S
apterus Gwingless[8] Zizia aptera H
apus Gstalkless.[8] Feminine and neuter apus. Gigantochloa apus*
aquaticus Lin water;[4] aquatic Ipomoea aquatica H S C[37]
aquatilis H S
aquilinus Leagle-like, from aquila[4] Pteridium aquilinum H
arachnoides Gspider; cobwebbed;[8] arachnoid Anacampseros arachnoides H
arachnoideus H S C[38]
araiophyllus Gslender-leaved[8] Bulbophyllum araiophyllum*
araneosus Lspider-webbed[4] Acacia araneosa S
arboreus Ltree-like;[4] arborescent Ceanothus arboreus H S C[20]
arborescens H S C[39]
arbusculus Lshrubby.[8] Diminutive of arbor.[4][lower-alpha 7] Euphorbia arbuscula H S
arcticus Gof far northern latitudes[8] Salix arctica H S
arcuatus Lbowed[4] Calothamnus arcuatus H S
ardens Lglowing[4] Urtica ardens*
arenarius Lsand-dwelling[8] Ammophila arenaria H S C[41]
arenicola H
arenosus Lsandy; gritty[8] Arabidopsis arenosa H S
areolatus Lareolate; having areoles[8] Pterostylis areolata H S
argentatus Lsilvery[4] Coccothrinax argentata H C[42]
argenteus H S C[43]
argillaceus Lwhite-clay Phacelia argillacea S
argophyllus Lsilvery-leaved Eriogonum argophyllum H S
argutus Lnotched Rubus argutus H S C[44]
argyraeus Lsilvery. Cf. argyreus.[45] Acacia argyraea H S C[46]
aridus Ldry[4] Acacia arida H S
arietinus Llike a ram, from aries[4] Cicer arietinum H
aristatus Lawned;[8] aristate Pinus aristata H S C[39]
aristosus
arizelus Gconspicuous[8] Lupinus arizelus*
armatus Larmed (with spines or thorns)[4] Banksia armata H S
armiger S
armillatus Lwith bracelets or collars[4] Eucalyptus armillata
armillaris H
aromaticus Garomatic[8] Syzygium aromaticum S C[47]
arrectus Lerect, from adrectus[4] Genoplesium arrectum S
articulatus Ljointed, from artus;[4] articulate Juncus articulatus H S C[48]
arundinaceus Lreedy, from arundo[4] Phalaris arundinacea H
arvensis Lof plowed fields, from arvum,[4] ploughed land Cirsium arvense H S C[49]
ascendens Lascendant,[8] from ascensus;[4] ascending Taxodium ascendens H S
asper Lrough[4] Corymbia aspera H S C[35]
asperatus H S
asperrimus Lroughest Bartsia asperrima* H
assimilis Lresembling[8] Sauropus assimilis H
assurgens Lascending[8] Plagiogyria assurgens S
ater Ldead-black.[4] Feminine atra, neuter atrum. Neololeba atra S
atratus Lblackened[4] Microtis atrata S C[50]
attenuatus Ltapering[4] Banksia attenuata H S C[51]
augustus Lmajestic[4] Rhopaloblaste augusta H
aulacospermus Lgroove-seeded Diodia aulacosperma* S
aurantiacus Lorange-colored[8] Banksia aurantia H S C[52]
aurantius H
aureus Lgolden[4] Ficus aurea H S C[28]
auratus H S
auriculatus Leared, from auricula;[4] with auricles. Cf. auriculus.[29] Roscoea auriculata H S C[53]
auritus H S
australis Lsouthern[4] Cordyline australis H S C[51]
austrinus H
autumnalis Lof autumn[4] Mandragora autumnalis S C[28]
avicularis Lof small birds, from avis[4] Polygonum aviculare
avium Lof birds, from avis[4] Prunus avium H C[54]
axillaris Laxillary[8] Pseudowintera axillaris H S C[19]
azureus Lsky-blue[8] Salvia azurea H S C[55]
baccatus Lberry, from baca[4] Taxus baccata SC[56]
baccans S
baccifer S
bacillaris Lrod-like, from bacillum[4] Senna bacillaris* H S
barbarus Lforeign[4] Lycium barbarum H C[57]
barbatus Lbearded[4] Dianthus barbatus H SC[58]
barbiger H
barbatulus H
barbulatus H
barystachys Gheavy-spiked Lysimachia barystachys* S
basilaris Lbasal[4] Opuntia basilaris H S
bellus Lbeautiful[4] Corymbia bella H C[59]
belophyllus Gdart-leaved Xanthosoma belophyllum*
benedictus Lblessed Cnicus benedictus H
bicolor Ltwo-colored Erythranthe bicolor H SC[60]
bicornis Ltwo-horned Aiphanes bicornis H S
bicornutus H
bidentatus Ltwo-toothed Manilkara bidentata S
biennis Lbiennial[4] Oenothera biennis H SC[61]
biflorus Ltwo-flowered Darwinia biflora H SC[62]
bifurcatus Ltwo-forked Amyema bifurcata H S
bijugus Ldouble-yoked Intsia bijuga H S
binervatus Ltwo-veined Carex binervis
binervis S
binervosus
bipinnatus Lbipinnate Sanicula bipinnata H SC[17]
bisectus Lbisected, from sectus[4] Zingiber bisectum*
biserratus Ldoubly serrated, from serratus[4] Eremophila biserrata H S
biternatus Ltwice-ternate; biternate Enemion biternatum H S
bituminosus Lasphalt, from bitumen[4] Moraea bituminosa H
bivalvis Lbivalved, from valvae;[4] with two valves Peristrophe bivalvis H S
blandus Lflattering;[4] alluring Anemonoides blanda C[63]
blepharocalyx Gfringed-calyx Alpinia blepharocalyx* S
bombycinus Lsilky[4] Cymbopogon bombycinus S
botryoides Glike a bunch of grapes Eucalyptus botryoides H C[64]
brachiatus Lwith arm-like branches, from brachium[4] Buddleja brachiata H S
brachyanthus Gshort-flowered Oryza brachyantha
bracteatus Lwith bracts Xerochrysum bracteatum H SC[65]
brevis Lshort[4] Conophytum breve H S
bronchialis Gof the lungs Saxifraga bronchialis* H
brumalis Lwintry[4] Diuris brumalis S
brunneus Lbrown Banksia brunnea H SC[66]
bryoides Gmossy Saxifraga bryoides H
buccinatus Ltrumpet-shaped, from buccina[4] Hemigenia buccinata*
buccinatorius
bulbifer Gbulb Cicuta bulbifera H SC[49]
bulbiformis S
bulbosus H S
bullatus Lwith bubbles, from bulla;[4] bullate Annona bullata H SC[17]
cadmicus Lmetallic Salvia cadmica* H
caerulescens Lbecoming blue Thlaspi caerulescens H S
caeruleus Lazure[4] Lonicera caerulea H SC[67]
caesius Lbluish-gray; lavender blue; cutting[4] Eucalyptus caesia H SC[68]
caespitosus Lcaespitose, from caespes,[4] turf. Cf. caespititius.[69] Pilosella caespitosa H S
calamifolius Lreed-leaved, from calamus[4] Acacia calamifolia
calcaratus Lspurred, from calcar;[4] calcarate Stylidium calcaratum H S
calcareus Llime; calcareous Mitrephora calcarea H SC[38]
calcicola
calceolus Lshoe Cypripedium calceolus C[70]
calliphytum Gbeautiful (plant)
callistus Gvery beautiful Eriogonum callistum
callosus Lcallous or hard-skinned;[4] callose Strobilanthes callosa H S
calvus Lbald[4] Gunniopsis calva H S
calycinus Glike a calyx; with a prominent calyx Hypericum calycinum H SC[71]
calyptratus Gwith a calyptra, a cap-like cover Calandrinia calyptrata H S
campanularius Lbell; campanulate Phacelia campanularia H C[72]
campanulatus H SC[52]
campestris Leven; flat; of plains. From campester.[4] Acer campestre H SC[73]
campylocarpus Lcurved-fruit Isatis campylocarpa* H
canaliculatus Lgrooved, from canalis;[4] canaliculate Protea canaliculata H S
cancellatus Llatticed, from cancelli[4] Ceropegia cancellata* H S
candelabrum Lcandelabrum[4] Euphorbia candelabrum H C[74]
candidus Lshining white[4] Cypripedium candidum H SC[70]
candicans H SC[75]
candidissimus Lwhitest, from candor[4] Arisaema candidissimum C[76]
canus Lgrey- or white-haired;[4] canescent Artemisia cana H SC[77]
canescens H SC[49]
caninus Lcanine[4] Rosa canina H S
caperatus Lwrinkled.[6][46] Possibly, goat.[4][8] Anthurium caperatum* SC[46]
capillaceus Lhair-like, from capillus[4] Carex capillacea S
capillaris H S
capilliformis H S
capillatus Lhairy;[4] with fine hairs Caladenia capillata H
capitatus Lhaving dense-headed growth; capitate Roscoea capitata H SC[78]
capitellatus Lsmall-headed, from capitulum[4] Mimetes capitulatus H
capitellus H
capitulatus H
capreolatus Lwith tendrils; supported. From capreolus,[4] props or stays. Bignonia capreolata H C[79]
capreus Lgoat[4] Salix caprea H C[80]
capsularis Lcapsule-producing, from capsula[4] Corchorus capsularis H S
cardinalis Lscarlet Lobelia cardinalis H SC[81]
carinatus Lkeeled, from carina;[4] having a keel Zephyranthes carinata H SC[67]
carmineus Lcarmine. From Arabic and Latin. Metrosideros carminea H S
carnosus Lfleshy, from carnis;[4] carnose Hoya carnosa H SC[82]
carneus H SC[55]
carnosulus H S
cartilagineus Lcartilage-like; cartilaginous Oceaniopteris cartilaginea H S
castus Lpure[4] Mimosa casta*
catacosmus Gadorned Rhododendron catacosmum*
cataria Lof cats Nepeta cataria H C[83]
catarractae Gof waterfalls Veronica catarractae* H SC[26]
catharticus Gcathartic Rhamnus cathartica H C[67]
caudatus Ltailed, from cauda;[4] caudate Entandrophragma caudatum H SC[41]
caulescens Lstemmed, from caulis;[4] caulescent Mandragora caulescens H C[52]
causticus Gcaustic Lithraea caustica H
cauticola Lcliff-dwelling, from cautes[4] Sedum cauticola H C[84]
cavus Lhollow[4] Corydalis cava H SC[85]
centifolius Lmany-leaved, from centum,[4] one hundred Berberis centifolia* H S
centralis Lcentral Rubus centralis H S
cephalotes Gsmall-headed Leucas cephalotes H
ceraceus Lwaxy, from cera;[4] ceraceous Eucalyptus ceracea H S
cerasifer Lcherry, from cerasus[4] Eucalyptus cerasiformis H
cerasiformis H
cerasinus Lcherry-red Corybas cerasinus H S
cereus Lwaxy[4] Ribes cereum H SC[47]
cerifer H C[86]
cerinus H S
cernuus Lnodding;[4] cernuous Allium cernuum H SC[67]
charianthus Gelegantly flowered Ceratostema charianthum* H
chasmanthus Ggape-flowered Aconitum chasmanthum*
cheilanthus Glip-flowered Delphinium cheilanthum* H S
chimaera Lmonstrous; chimeric Bulbophyllum chimaera S
chionanthus Gsnow-flowered Eomecon chionantha H SC[87]
chirophyllus Gwith hand-shaped leaves Alchemilla chirophylla*
chloodes Ggrass-green Centaurium chloodes* S
chloracanthus Lgreen-spined Haworthia chloracantha S
chryseus Ggolden Nephelium chryseum H S
ciliaris Lfringed Cenchrus ciliaris H
ciliatus H SC[49]
ciliosus H C[48]
cinctus Lwith a girdle; girding[4] Dacrycarpus cinctus H S
cinereus Lash-gray, from cinis,[4] ashes Juglans cinerea H SC[88]
cinerascens H S
cinnabarinus Gcinnabar-red Scadoxus cinnabarinus H SC[89]
circinalis Lcurled, from circino, to round;[4] circinate Cycas circinalis H SC[90]
circinatus SC[73]
cirratus Gwith tendrils; cirrhose Fritillaria cirrhosa H S
cirrhosus H SC[91]
clandestinus Lconcealed[4] Pennisetum clandestinum H S
clausus Lclosed; reserved[4] Pinus clausa H S
clavatus Lclub, from clava[4] Lycopodium clavatum H S
clavellatus
clivorum Lof the hills, from clivus[4] Hymenocallis clivorum S
clypeatus Lshield-shaped, from clipeus[4] Nepenthes clipeata H S
clypeolatus H C[92]
coarctatus Lcrowded; pressed together. From coarto.[4] Haworthiopsis coarctata H S
coccifer Lbearing berries Eucalyptus coccifera H C[93]
coccineus Lscarlet, from coccum[4] Banksia coccinea H SC[94]
cochlearis Lspoon-shaped Acacia cochlearis H S
cochleatus Ltwisted like a snail shell, from cochlea,[4] snail Prosthechea cochleata H S
coelestinus Lsky-blue, celestial[4] Conoclinium coelestinum H C[11]
coelestis H S
coelicus Lheavenly, from caelum[4] Rhododendron coelicum*
coeruleus Lblue[4] Aquilegia coerulea H SC[50]
coerulescens Lbecoming blue Boronia coerulescens S
cognatus Lrelated[4] Acacia cognata H S
collinus Lof the hills, from collis[4] Erysimum collinum H S
coloratus Lcoloured[4] Potamogeton coloratus H SC[95]
colubrinus Lsnaky, from coluber[4] Anadenanthera colubrina H S
columbarius Ldove-blue; dove-like. From columba,[4] dove. Impatiens columbaria* H C[96]
columnaris Lcolumned, from columna, pillar[4] Araucaria columnaris H SC[97]
columellaris H
comatus Ltufted, long-haired;[4] with comas. Cf. comans.[55] Hesperostipa comata H
comosus SC[55]
commixtus Lmingled together[4] Aloiampelos commixta H SC[98]
communis Lcommon[4] Commelina communis H SC[99]
commutatus Lchanged[4] Pterostylis commutata H C[30]
compactus Ldense; joined together[4] Triticum compactum H SC[100]
complanatus Lflattened out, from complano,[4] to level Eremophila complanata H S
complexus Lcomplex; clasped[4] Muehlenbeckia complexa H SC[64]
complicatus Lcomplicated; folded. From complico.[4] Indigofera complicata* H S
compositus Lwell-ordered[4] Oplismenus compositus S
compressus Lpressed together[4] Potamogeton compressus H S
comptus Ladorned[4] Micropholis compta
concavus Lconcave[4] Pterostylis concava H S
conchifolius Lhaving leaves shaped like shells, from concha[4] Hakea conchifolia H S
concinnus Lneat; pretty[4] Acacia concinna H S
concolor Lconsistently coloured[4] Abies concolor H SC[24]
condensus Lcrowded together; dense[4] Nothaphoebe condensa H
condensatus H S
confertus Lcrowded[4] Caladenia conferta H S
conformis Lsymmetrical, from conformatio[4] Dipterocarpus conformis S
confusus Lconfused[4] Iris confusa H SC[22]
congestus Lcongested; heaped[4] Senecio congestus H SC[101]
conglomeratus Lcrowded; rolled up. From conglobo.[4] Eremophila conglomerata H S
conjugalis Ljoined[4] Dipteris conjugata
conjugatus S
conjunctus Lconnected[4] Bidens conjuncta H
connatus Ltwin; connate Alectryon connatus H S
conoideus Gconical Pandanus conoideus H S
conopseus Ggnat-like Gymnadenia conopsea H
consanguineus Lkindred Columnea consanguinea H
consolidus Lstable, from solidus,[4] complete Xyris consolida*
conspersus Lsprinkled[4] Acacia conspersa H S
conspicuus Lconspicuous[4] Eucalyptus conspicua H SC[101]
constrictus Lconstricted, from constringo[4] Prasophyllum constrictum H S
contiguus Lcontiguous[4] Lomaridium contiguum S
continentalis Lcontinental Leptospermum continentale H S
contortus Ltwisted[4] Pinus contorta SC[102]
contractus Lcontracted[4] Festuca contracta H S
controversus Ldisputed[4] Cornus controversa H C[78]
corallinus Gcoral-red Aloe corallina H S
cordatus Lheart-shaped; cordate Tilia cordata H SC[103]
cordiformis H SC[104]
coriaceus Lleathery, from corium[4] Leptospermum coriaceum H S
coriarius H
corneus Lhorn-textured; corneous Lithocarpus corneus* S
corniculatus Lhorned[4] Eucalyptus cornuta HSC[36]
cornifer H
corniger H C[105]
cornutus H SC[23]
cornucopiae Lhorn of plenty[4] Melaleuca cornucopiae H
corollatus Lwith or like corollas, from corolla, little crown[4] Euphorbia corollata H S
coronans Lwreathed, from corona, garland or crown;[4] with a corona Eucalyptus coronata H S
coronatus H S
coronarius Lused for garlands; forming a crown[4] Anemone coronaria H SC[63]
corrugatus Lwrinkled, from corrugo[4] Eucalyptus corrugata H S
coruscans Lshaking, from corusco[4] Millettia coruscans*
corymbosus Lclustered, from corymbus;[4] corymbose Ipomoea corymbosa H SC[30]
corynephorus Gclub Caladenia corynephora S
coryphaeus Lleader[4] Sphagnum coryphaeum* S
costatus Lribbed, from costa[4] Pouteria costata H S
crassus Lthick[4] Leavenworthia crassa H S
crassiusculus H S
creber Lcrowded; clustered; frequent.[4] Feminine crebra, neuter crebrum. Eucalyptus crebra S
crenatus Lscalloped; crenate Mairia crenata H SC[106]
crenulatus H S
crepidatus Lslipper-like; wearing sandals[4] Dendrobium crepidatum H
crepitans Lcreaking; rustling; rattling. From crepito.[4] Hura crepitans H
cretaceus Lchalky, from creta[4] Caladenia cretacea H S
crinitus Lhairy Coccothrinax crinita H SC[66]
criniger
crispus Lcurled;[4] crisped Rumex crispus H SC[53]
crispatus H S
crista-galli Lcockscomb, from crista, comb + gallus,[4] rooster Polylepis crista-galli SC[93]
cristatus Lcrested; tufted[4] Agropyron cristatum H SC[20]
croceus Lsaffron-yellow[4] Iris crocea H S
crocatus H
cruciatus Lcruciform; tortured[4] Gentiana cruciata H S
crucifer
cruentus Lbloodstained[4] Amaranthus cruentus H SC[41]
crus-galli Lcockspur, from crus, leg + gallus[4] Echinochloa crus-galli H
crustatus Lencrusted or hard-surfaced, from crusta;[4] crustose Saxifraga crustata* H S
crystallinus Lglistening, from crystallus,[4] crystal Mesembryanthemum crystallinum H S
ctenoides Gcomb-like Melaleuca ctenoides S
cucullaris Lhooded, from cucullus;[4] cucullate Psittacanthus cucullaris C[58]
cucullatus H S
cultratus Lblade-shaped, from culter,[4] knife Crassula cultrata H S
cultriformis H SC[107]
cuneatus Lwedge-shaped;[4] cuneate Adenanthos cuneatus, Banksia cuneata H SC[108]
cuneiformis H S
cupreus Lcoppery Erythranthe cuprea H S
cupreatus H
curtus Lshortened[4] Pterostylis curta H S
curvatus Lcurved, from curvus[4] Ribes curvatum H S
cuspidatus Lpointed, from cuspis, blade;[4] cuspidate Taxus cuspidata H SC[109]
cyaneus Gblue Commelina cyanea H SC[67]
cyclocarpus Ghaving fruits on all sides Hakea cyclocarpa H
cyclops Ground-eyed Acacia cyclops
cylindraceus Lcylindrical, from cylindrus[4] Imperata cylindrica HSC[110]
cylindricus HSC[55]
cymbiformis Gboat-shaped Philotheca cymbiformis HS
cymosus Ghaving cymes Dichapetalum cymosum H
dactylifer Lfinger-bearing; finger-like. From dactyl, finger.[4] Phoenix dactylifera HSC[18]
dactyloides HS
dasyanthus Gwith thickly hairy flowers. Cf. dasycarpus, thick-fruited.[111] Pedicularis dasyantha HS
dealbatus Lcoated with white powder; whitened. From dealbo.[4] Melaleuca dealbata HSC[107]
debilis Lfeeble[4] Helianthus debilis HS
decandrus Gten-stamened Ceriops decandra HS
decapetalus Gten-petalled Mentzelia decapetala HSC[112]
decaphyllus Gten-leaved Oxalis decaphylla* S
deciduus Ldeciduous, from decido, to fall off[4] Larix decidua HSC[113]
decipiens Ldeceptive, from decipio[4] Agave decipiens HSC[114]
declinatus Lbending away, from declino;[4] declinate Yucca declinata HS
decolorans Lfaded or discoloured, from decolor[4] Achillea decolorans* S
decompositus Ldivided, from de + composito[4] Lastreopsis decomposita H
decorus Ldecorated; decorous[4] Rhododendron decorum H C[75]
decoratus HS
decorticans Lstripping bark, from de + cortex[4] Geoffroea decorticans S
decumanus Lvery large; of the tenth part[4] Canarium decumanum H
decumbens Lreclining; decumbent. From decumbo.[4] Viola decumbens HS
decurrens Ldecurrent, from decurro[4] Calocedrus decurrens HSC[115]
deflexus Lbent (downward), from deflecto[4] Eucalyptus deflexa HS
deformis Ldisfigured, from deformo[4] Pheladenia deformis HS
dehiscens Lsplit, from dehisco;[4] dehiscent Pentachondra dehiscens* S
dejectus Llow-lying, from deiectus[4] Crassula dejecta* HS
delectus Lbeloved, from dilectus[4] Rubus delectus* S
delicatus Ldelicate; delightful[4] Eucalyptus delicata HS
delicatissimus Lmost delightful Plectranthus delicatissimus*
deliciosus Ldelicious, from deliciae,[4] delight Monstera deliciosa HS C[44]
deltoides Gtriangular; deltoid Populus deltoides HC[58]
deltoideus HSC[116]
demersus Lsubmerged, from demergo[4] Ceratophyllum demersum HSC[117]
demissus Lsunken; lowly[4] Eremophila demissa HS
dendricola Gtree-dwelling; tree-loving Lomaridium dendrophilum
dendrophilus HS
dendroideus Gtree-like. Cf. dendromorphus, tree-shaped.[118] Dendrolycopodium dendroideum HS
densus Ldense Stenanthium densum HS
densatus H
dens-canis Ldog's tooth, from dens, tooth + canis[4] Erythronium dens-canis HSC[93]
dentatus Ltoothed;[4] dentate Banksia dentata HSC[119]
dentifer
dentosus
denticulatus HSC[87]
denudatus Ldenuded, from denudo[4] Magnolia denudata HSC[120]
depauperatus Lpoorly formed, from de + pauper,[4] poor Trifolium depauperatum HS
dependens Lhanging, from dependeo,[4] to hang from Bulbophyllum dependens HS
depressus Lsunken; low[4] Gaultheria depressa HS
deserti Lof deserts, from desertus[4] Agave deserti HSC[51]
desertorum HS
detersus Lwiped clean, from detergeo,[4] to wipe away Connarus detersus* S
detonsus Lsheared, from detondeo[4] Hazardia detonsa H
deustus Lscorched, from deuro[4] Penstemon deustus HS
diabolicus Gtwo-horned; with a devilish appearance Acer diabolicum H
diacanthus Gdouble-thorned; double-spined Ribes diacanthum H
diacritus Gseparated Hieracium diacritum*
diademus Gcrown-like. Stearn and Harrison list diadema. Stylidium diademum* H
diandrus Gtwo-stamened Bromus diandrus HS
diaphanus Gtransparent Cystopteris diaphana HS
dichotomus Gsplit in two; dichotomous Juncus dichotomus HSC[121]
dichromus Gtwo-coloured Verticordia dichroma H
dichrous H
dicoccus Gtwo-berried Myriophyllum dicoccum*
dictyotus Gnetted. Cf. dictyophyllus, net-leaved.[5][122] Lepidium dictyotum
didymus Gtwinned Lepidium didymum H
difformis Lirregular; unusual Cyperus difformis HC[123]
diffusus Lspreading Turnera diffusa HC[81]
digitatus Ldigitate (like an open hand), from digitus,[4] finger Diphasiastrum digitatum HSC[121]
dilatus Lscattered; expanded. From differo.[4] Viburnum dilatatum
dilatatus HSC[21]
dimidiatus Lhalved;[4] divided unequally Apodytes dimidiata HS
dimorphus Gwith two different forms Caladenia dimorpha HS
diodon Gtwo-toothed Valerianella diodon*
dioicus Gdioecious Aruncus dioicus HSC[124]
dipetalus Gtwo-petalled Fraxinus dipetala HS
diphyllus Gtwo-leaved Cardamine diphylla HC[125]
diplotrichus Ghaving two kinds of hairs Polypodium diplotrichum*
dipterus Gdouble-winged Eucalyptus diptera HC[71]
dipyrenus Gtwo-fruited Ilex dipyrena* HS
disciformis Garranged like a disc Quercus disciformis HS
discoideus Gdisc-shaped; lacking rays; discoid Margaritaria discoidea HS
discolor Lof different colours;[4] discolorous Diospyros discolor HC[79]
dispar Lunequal[4] Boechera dispar HS
dispersus Lscattered, from dispergo[4] Mentzelia dispersa H S
dissectus Lsegmented. Cf. dissaepio.[4] Lactuca dissecta HS
dissimilis Ldifferent[4] Acacia dissimilis HS
dissitus Lspaced, from dissero,[4] to plant here and there Carex dissita S
distachyus Gtwo-branched; double-spiked Ephedra distachya HS
distans Lfar apart[4] Hibiscadelphus distans H S
distichus Galternately opposed; in two ranks Gasteria disticha HSC[24]
distortus Ldistorted[4] Astragalus distortus HS
distylus Gtwo-styled Allocasuarina distyla HS
diurnus Lday-blooming; by day[4] Cestrum diurnum HS
divaricatus Lspreading wide, from divarico, to stretch apart;[4] divaricate Tabernaemontana divaricata HSC[104]
divergens Lspreading out, from di + vergo,[4] to bend or turn Acacia divergens HS
diversiformis Ldiverse Romulea diversiformis* HS
divisus Ldivided, from divido[4] Gunniopsis divisa HS
dodecandrus Gwith twelve stamens Cordia dodecandra HS
dolabratus Gaxe-shaped Hypericum dolabriforme HSC[69]
dolabriformis HS
dolichostemon Ghaving long stamens Epimedium dolichostemon* S
dolosus Ldeceptive Artemisia dolosa* HS
domesticus Ldomestic; domesticated; of the house[4] Prunus domestica HSC[22]
draco Ldragon.[4] Cf. dracunculus, little dragon.[77] Dracaena draco HS
drepanophyllus Gwith sickle-shaped leaves Acacia drepanophylla S
drupaceus Gstone-fruited; with drupes Juniperus drupacea HS
drupifer HS
dubius Ldoubtful; moving two ways[4] Nepenthes dubia HSC[125]
dulcis Lsweet[4] Eleocharis dulcis HSC[105]
dumetorum Lof thickets or hedges, from dumus[4] Dioscorea dumetorum HS
dumosus Lbushy[4] Ambrosia dumosa HSC[126]
dunensis Lof sand dunes. From Old English and Latin. Epipactis dunensis S
duplex Ltwo-fold[4] Thryptomene duplicata S
duplicatus HS
durabilis Llasting[4] Acacia durabilis S
durus Lhard[4] Sporobolus durus HS
duriusculus S
dysentericus Gfor dysentery Eugenia dysenterica S
ebenus Lebony. Cf. ebeneus.[4][5][6] Diospyros ebenum, Alangium ebenaceum* H
ebenaceus
ebracteatus Lwithout bracts, from bractea, metal foil[4] Eremaea ebracteata HS
eburneus Livory[4] Diuris eburnea HSC[127]
echinatus Lhedgehog, from echinus[6] Ceratophyllum echinatum HS
eclecteus Gselect. Cf. eclectus.[8] Rhododendron eclecteum*
ecornutus Lhornless, from cornu, horn,[4] and cornutus[8] Impatiens ecornuta HS
edulis Ledible[4] Passiflora edulis HSC[81]
effusus Lunrestrained[4] Milium effusum HSC[114]
elasticus Grubber Castilla elastica HSC[99]
elatior Lloftier Primula elatior HC[29]
elatus Llofty.[4] Cf. elatius.[128] Cyrtanthus elatus, Leionema elatius HSC[97]
elegans Lelegant[4] Zinnia elegans HSC[50]
elegantulus HS
elegantissimus Lmost elegant Plerandra elegantissima HC[129]
elephantum Lof elephants, from elephantus[4] Lithocarpus elephantum*
ellipsoidalis Gellipsoid Quercus ellipsoidalis HS
ellipticus Gelliptical Adenanthos ellipticus HSC[78]
elongatus Lelongated, from longus[4] Podocarpus elongatus HSC[130]
emarginatus Lnotched, from margo, a border;[4] emarginate Leptospermum emarginatum HS
emeticus Gemetic Trichilia emetica S
eminens Leminent Sorbus eminens HS
enneaphyllus Gnine-leaved Echinocereus enneacanthus* HS C[131]
ensatus Lsword, from ensis;[4] ensiform Stylidium ensatum HSC[22]
ensiformis HS
entomophilus Ginsect-loving; entomophilous Dioscorea entomophila*
epigaeus Gground Corallocarpus epigaeus* S
epipsilus Gsparse Viola epipsila
episcopalis Gepiscopal Heliconia episcopalis
equestris Lequestrian[4] Leionema equestre H
erectus Lerect[4] Pterostylis erecta HSC[65]
erinaceus Lhedgehog Aloe erinacea H
eriophorus Gwool-bearing Cirsium eriophorum S
erosus Lerose Eucalyptus erosa HS
erraticus Lerratic;[4] non-generic Jacobaea erratica* S
erubescens Lblushing, from erubesco[4] Lophospermum erubescens HS
erythrocarpus Gred-fruited Gahnia erythrocarpa HS
esculentus Ledible[4] Abelmoschus esculentus HSC[24]
estriatus Lunstriped Ilex estriata* S
etuberosus Lwithout tubers, from tuber, a swelling[4] Solanum etuberosum* S
euchlorus Gfresh-green Praecereus euchlorus H
eudoxus Greputable Rhododendron eudoxum S
evectus Lelevated[4] Angiopteris evecta
evertus Loverturned, from everto[4] Alsophila everta
exaltatus Llofty, from altus[4] Nephrolepis exaltata HSC[132]
exaratus Lengraved, from exaro[4] Agrostis exarata HS
exasperatus Lrough, from exaspero, to roughen[4] Bulbophyllum exasperatum S
excavatus Lhollowed out, from excavo[4] Calochortus excavatus HS
excellens Lexcellent[4] Mimulopsis excellens* H
excelsior Lloftier[4] Fraxinus excelsior H
excelsus Llofty[4] Alectryon excelsus HS
excisus Lexcised[4] Manilkara excisa HS
excorticatus Lpeeling, from cortex, bark[4] Fuchsia excorticata H
exiguus Lpaltry[4] Acianthus exiguus HSC[80]
eximius Ldistinguished[4] Protea eximia HSC[58]
exitiosus Ltoxic[4] Tanaecium exitiosum*
exoticus Gexotic; introduced Musa exotica S
expansus Lexpanded, from pando[4] Goniothalamus expansus HS
explodens Lexploding Ronnbergia explodens* S
exsculptus Lcarved, from exsculpo[4] Pronephrium exsculptum* S
exsertus Lprotruding;[4] exserted Acianthus exsertus HS
exsurgens Lrising, from exsurgo[4] Galium exsurgens* S
extensus Lextended[4] Eucalyptus extensa HS
exudans Lexuding, from exudo[4] and exsudans[6] Acacia exudans S
falcatus Lsickle[4] Sarcochilus falcatus, Cyrtanthus falcatus, Pterostylis falcata HSC[70]
falciformis HS
falcinellus H
fallax Lfalse[4] Eremophila fallax HS
farinaceus Lfarinaceous, from farina, flour[4] Salvia farinacea HS
farinosus HS
fasciatus Lbundled, from fascis;[4] fascicled Eremophila fasciata HSC[20]
fascicularis H
fasciculatus HS
fastigiatus Lpointed;[4] fastigiate Leptospermum fastigiatum, Boronia fastigiata, Verticordia fastigiata HS
fastuosus Lproud[4] Aerangis fastuosa HSC[106]
fatuus Lfoolish;[4] insipid Avena fatua H
febrifugus Lanti-fever, from febris, fever[4] Dichroa febrifuga HC[45]
femineus Lfeminine.[4] Cf. femina[8] Restio femineus* S
fenestralis Lwindowed, from fenestra;[4] fenestrate Beccariophoenix fenestralis HS
ferax Lfruitful[4] Fargesia ferax* HS
ferox Lfierce[4] Aconitum ferox, Datura ferox HSC[39]
ferreus Liron[4] Mesua ferrea HS
ferrugineus Lrusty, from ferrugo[4] Lasiopetalum ferrugineum HSC[133]
fertilis Lfertile[4] Sporobolus fertilis HS
ferus Lferal[4] none S
festivus Lpretty;[4] festive Begonia festiva H
festalis H
fibrosus Lfibrous, from fibra[4] Dicksonia fibrosa HS
fibrillosus HS
fictus Lfalse[4] Brachyotum fictum
filamentosus Lfilamented or filiform, from filum, filament[4] Caladenia filamentosa HS
filiformis SC[34]
filarius H
filifer C[51]
filicinus Lfern, from filix.[4] Cf. filiculoides.[5][119] Azolla filiculoides HS
fimbriatus Lfringed, from fimbriae, fringe[4] Corybas fimbriatus, Eremaea fimbriata HS
fimbriatulus C[134]
firmus Lfirm[4] Aconitum firmum HS
fissilis Lfissured;[4] with fissures Melaleuca fissurata HS
fissuratus HS
fissus HS
fistulosus Lhollow, from fistula, tube[4] Allium fistulosum HSC[86]
flabellatus Lfanned-out, from flabellum[4] Hymenophyllum flabellatum, Eremophila flabellata HSC[50]
flabellifer H
flabelliformis HS
flaccidus Llimp, from flacceo;[4] flaccid. Cf. flaccus.[66] Yucca flaccida, Caladenia flaccida HSC[63]
flagellum Lwhip.[4] Cf. flagellifer.[66] Rubus flagellaris S
flagellaris HS
flagelliformis HS
flammula Lflame[4] Alloxylon flammeum, Melaleuca flammea
flammeus HS
flavus Lyellow[4] Glaucium flavum HSC[20]
flavissimus Lmost yellow Zephyranthes flavissima* H
flavescens Llight yellow, from flavesco[4] Diuris flavescens HSC[135]
flavens H
flaveolus HS
flavidus HS
flexilis Lflexible[4] Pinus flexilis HSC[102]
flexuosus Ltwisted;[4] flexuous Agonis flexuosa, Thelymitra flexuosa HSC[85]
floccosus Lwoolly, from floccus, a lock of hair[4] Limnanthes floccosa HS
flocculosus H
flocciger H
floribundus Lflower-abundant, from abundo, to abound[4] Myoporum floribundum HSC[136]
floridus Lflowery[4] Cornus florida HSC[137]
florifer HSC[38]
fluitans Lfloating, from fluito[4] Glyceria fluitans HS
fluviatilis Lriver[4] Melaleuca fluviatilis HSC[79]
fluvialis H
foeminus Lfeminine Lysimachia foemina S
foetidus Lfetid, from foedo[4] Passiflora foetida HSC[138]
foetidissimus Lmost fetid Iris foetidissima H
foliosus Lleafy, from folium[4] Narcissus foliosus, Lepidium foliosum HSC[139]
foliatus HS
foliaceus HS
foliolosus Lleaflet, from folio;[8] with folioles Melaleuca foliolosa HS
foliolotus H
follicularis Lfollicled, from folliculus, a small bag[4] Cephalotus follicularis HS
fontanus Lfountain[4] Asplenium fontanum, Cerastium fontanum HS
fontinalis S
formosus Lbeautiful[4] Calothamnus formosus HSC[50]
foveolatus Ldimpled, from fovea, a small pit;[4] foveolate Cryptocarya foveolata, Chionanthus foveolatus HS
fragilis Lfragile[4] Salix fragilis HSC[140]
fragrans Lfragrant[4] Myristica fragrans HSC[50]
fragrantissimus Lmost fragrant Lonicera fragrantissima HC[141]
frigidus Lfrigid[4] Petasites frigidus HSC[77]
frondosus Lleafy;[4] with fronds Bidens frondosa HSC[142]
frumentaceus Lgrain, from frumentum[4] Echinochloa frumentacea
fruticosus Lshrubby[4] Phlomis fruticosa HSC[49]
frutescens HSC[106]
fruticans HC[111]
fruticulosus H
fruticicola Lshrubland. Cf. fruticola.[5] Bulbophyllum fruticicola, Henckelia fruticola*
fucatus Lpainted[4] Trifolium fucatum HS
fugax Lfleeting;[4] fugacious Fontainea fugax HS
fulgens Lshining[4] Fuchsia fulgens HSC[20]
fulgidus HSC[143]
fuliginosus Lsooty[4] Caladenia fuliginosa HS
fullonum Lof fullers Dipsacus fullonum
fulvus Ltawny[4] Iris fulva, Caladenia fulva HSC[138]
fulvidus Llight tawny Austroderia fulvida* HSC[144]
fulvescens HS
fumidus Lsmoky[4] Thismia fumida* S
fumosus Lsmoky Senegalia fumosa* S
funebris Lfunereal[4] Cupressus funebris H
fungosus Lfungal, from fungus[4] Balanophora fungosa HS
funiculatus Lcord, from funiculus;[4] funicled Arenaria funiculata S
furcatus Lforked, from furca;[4] furcate Iris furcata HS
furcans H
furfuraceus Lscaly, from furfures, bran[4] Zieria furfuracea SC[145]
furiens Lmaddening, from furio[4] Cirsium furiens*
fuscus Ldark brown[4] Prasophyllum fuscum HSC[56]
fuscatus HS
fusiformis Lspindle-shaped, from fusus[4] Billardiera fusiformis S
futilis Luseless[4] Bulbophyllum futile H
galactinus Gmilky Rhododendron galactinum
galanthus Gmilky-flowered HS
galeatus Lhelmeted[4] Verticordia galeata HS
galericulatus HS
gelidus Lfrigid[4] Campanula gelida HS
geminatus Lpaired, from geminus, twin-born[4] Quercus geminata S
gemmatus Lbudding, from gemma, bud[4] Caladenia gemmata HS
gemmifer HS
geniculatus Ljointed[4] Geum geniculatum HS
geocarpus Gburied-fruit Macrotyloma geocarpum S
geometricus Lgeometrical[4] Weinmannia geometrica*
geometrizans Ggeometrical Myrtillocactus geometrizans
gibbus Lgibbous;[4] humped Utricularia gibba HS
gibberosus H
gibbosus HS
gigas Lgiant[4] Goniothalamus giganteus SC[67]
giganteus HS
gilvus Llight yellow[4] Quercus gilva HS
glaber Lsmooth[4] (feminine glabra, neuter glabrum) Calothamnus glaber HSC[104]
glabellus HS
glaberrimus Lsmoothest Melaleuca glaberrima C[146]
glabrescens Lbalding Adenanthos glabrescens, Leptospermum glabrescens, Kunzea glabrescens HSC[9]
glabriusculus Lsemi-smooth Atriplex glabriuscula HSC[98]
glabratus HS
glacialis Lglacial[4] Epacris glacialis HS
gladiiformis Lsword, from gladius[4] Lepidosperma gladiatum
gladiatus H
glandiformis Lglandular. Cf. glanduliger.[147] Anopterus glandulosus C[49]
glandulosus HS
glandulifer HS
glaphyrus Gpolished Erica glaphyra*
glaucus Lglaucous[4] Casuarina glauca, Monotoca glauca, Cyathodes glauca HS
glaucoides C[88]
glaucescens Lglaucescent Iris glaucescens HSC[148]
glischrus Gsticky Ageratina glischra*
globifer Lglobe-bearing, from globus, globe[4] Melaleuca globifera HSC[125]
globulifer HS
globosus Lglobe.[4] Cf. globulus.[148] Physaria globosa, Gomphrena globosa HSC[53]
globularis HS
globulosus HS
glomeratus Lglobular, from glomero[4] Campanula glomerata HS
glomerulatus SC[55]
gloriosus Lglorious[4] Wahlenbergia gloriosa HC[34]
glumaceus Lglumed Conospermum glumaceum HS
glutinosus Lglutinous, from gluten, glue[4] Alnus glutinosa, Salvia glutinosa HSC[103]
gongylodes Gbulbous Cissus gongylodes* HS
goniocalyx Gangled-calyx Eucalyptus goniocalyx HS
gracilis Lslender[4] Marsippospermum gracile, Prasophyllum gracile, Cautleya gracilis HSC[100]
gracilentus H
gracilior Lmore graceful Afrocarpus gracilior
gracillimus Lmost graceful Caladenia gracillima
gramineus Lgrassy[4] Iris graminea, Pterostylis graminea HSC[149]
grammopetalus Gstriped-petal, from grammo[8] Potentilla grammopetala*
grandis Llarge[4] Banksia grandis, Micromyrtus grandis HSC[150]
graniticus Lgranite Calothamnus graniticus HS
granulatus Lgranular, from granum[4] Zieria granulata HS
granulosus HS
gratus Lgratifying[4] Encephalartos gratus HS
gratissimus Lmost gratifying Croton gratissimus H
graveolens Lstrong-smelling[4] Durio graveolens HSC[151]
griseus Lgrey Eucalyptus grisea HSC[152]
grosseserratus Lsaw-toothed, from serratus, serrated.[4] Stearn hyphenates grosse-serratus. Veronica grosseserrata* HSC[112]
grossus Lcoarse; large Banksia grossa, Eucalyptus grossa HS
gruinus Lcrane, from grus[4] Erodium gruinum*
gummifer Lgummy Ceratopetalum gummiferum H
gummosus HS
guttatus Lspotted, from gutta[4] Tuberaria guttata HSC[153]
gymnocarpus Gnaked-fruited Rosa gymnocarpa HS
gyrans Lcircling, from gyrus[4] Andropogon gyrans* S
habrotrichus Gsoft-haired Alseodaphne habrotricha*
haematodes Gbloody. Cf. haematacanthus.[110] Ferocactus haematacanthus, Cymbidium haematodes* H
halophilus Gsalt-loving Iris halophila HS
hamatus Lhooked[4] Nepenthes hamata HS
hamosus HS
harpophyllus Gsickle-leaved Acacia harpophylla H
hastatus Lspear, from hastatus;[4] hastate Salix hastata, Caladenia hastata HSC[80]
hastilis S
hastulatus H
hastifer Lspear-bearing Thelocactus hastifer S
hebecarpus Gfuzzy-fruited Senna hebecarpa HC[48]
heliolepis Gsunny-scaled Rhododendron heliolepis
helix Ghelix Hedera helix H
helodes Gmarsh Echinochloa helodes* H
helvolus Llight yellow-brown Strophostyles helvola H
hemisphaericus Lhemispherical, from sphaera, sphere[4] Quercus hemisphaerica HS
hemitrichotus Ghalf-hairy Rhododendron hemitrichotum*
heptaphyllus Gseven-leaved Ipomoea heptaphylla HSC[147]
herbaceus Lherbaceous, from herba, herb[4] Smilax herbacea HSC[93]
hesperus Gwestern Parietaria hespera
heterolepis Gdiverse-scaled Sporobolus heterolepis C[154]
heterophyllus Gdiverse-leaved Cistus heterophyllus HSC[97]
heterochromus Gdiverse-coloured Utricularia heterochroma
heterodoxus Gnon-generic Heliamphora heterodoxa H
heteromorphus Gdiverse-formed; heteromorphic Dypsis heteromorpha
hexagonus Ghexagonal Iris hexagona HS
hexandrus Gsix-stamened Leersia hexandra HSC[59]
hians Lwide-open, from hio, to gape[4] Salvia hians HS
hibernus Lwinter[4] Austrocactus hibernus* S
hiemalis Lwinter.[4] Also spelled hyemalis.[5][155] Caladenia hiemalis HSC[137]
hieroglyphicus Ghieroglyphic Vriesea hieroglyphica
hircinus Lgoat[4] Hypericum hircinum HS
hirsutus Lhairy;[4] hirsute Calothamnus hirsutus, Stapelia hirsuta HSC[73]
hirsutulus H
hirsutissimus Lhairiest Lupinus hirsutissimus HC[91]
hirtus Lhairy[4] Mimetes hirtus HSC[143]
hirtellus H
hispidus Lbristly;[4] hispid. Cf. hispidulus.[44] Acalypha hispida HSC[107]
holocarpus Gwhole-carpelled; whole-fruited Atriplex holocarpa S
hololeucus Gall-white Artemisia hololeuca*
holosericeus Gsilk-covered Melaleuca holosericea H
homolepis Gevenly scaled Abies homolepis C[150]
horizontalis Ghorizontal Cotoneaster horizontalis HSC[101]
horridus Lprickly[4] Banksia horrida, Hakea horrida HS
hortensis Lgarden, from hortus.[4] Cf. hortensius.[156] Anemone hortensis HSC[116]
hortorum HS
hortulanus HS
humifusus Llow-spreading, from humus, ground,[4] and fusus, spread out[4] Opuntia humifusa, Scaevola humifusa, Boronia humifusa HSC[157]
humilis Llow[4] Jasminum humile, Rivina humilis, Allocasuarina humilis HSC[39]
hyalinus Lglass, from hyalus;[4] hyaline Melica hyalina HS
hybridus Lhybrid, from hybrida, mongrel[4] Trifolium hybridum HSC[158]
hylaeus Gforest Theobroma hylaeum* H
hylophilus Gforest-loving Piper hylophilum
hymenodes Gfilmy Alsophila hymenodes
hyperboreus Gfar northern[4] Bidens hyperborea HS
hypochon­driacus Gmelancholy Amaranthus hypochondriacus HC[41]
hypogaeus Gunderground Arachis hypogaea HS
hypoglaucus Gglaucous-backed Cissus hypoglauca HS
hypokerina Gwaxy-backed Berberis hypokerina
hypophaeus Gdark-backed Quercus hypophaea S
hypoleucus Gwhite-backed Lobelia hypoleuca HS
hypophyllus Ghypophyllous Phyllocladus hypophyllus HS
hystrix Gporcupine Schizolaena hystrix HC[32]

See also

Notes

  1. Words in the third column following "from" are related words from Classical Latin; epithets following "Cf." are from sources other than Stearn's Dictionary. When translations from Latin and Greek are subject to interpretation, additional species are linked for clarity. The Latin and Latinised Greek words in the first column have masculine endings. If the genus is feminine, the -us ending generally becomes -a, -is is unchanged, and -er becomes -era, or occasionally -ra, as noted; for a neuter genus, -us becomes -um, -is becomes -e and -er becomes -erum, or occasionally -rum. Other endings in the first column remain unchanged, without exception.
  2. Clicking on ← moves you to the table row that explains that species epithet.
  3. Red links for species are followed by an asterisk linking to the genus.
  4. Since all of the references cited in the table except Coombes arrange their species epithets alphabetically, citations with page numbers are provided only for Coombes, and each source in the table except for Coombes is always represented by the same superscript. An "S" in the Botanical Latin column indicates that the root word is defined there.
  5. The -um ending here denotes a genitive plural noun.
  6. Harrison lists an -erus ending for many -fer and -ger epithets; Stearn occasionally gives an -ers ending.
  7. The suffix -ulus and other diminutives can mean, among other things, "little" or "a little";[40] the exact meanings are beyond the scope of this list.

Citations

  1. Cullen, p. 38.
  2. The Linnean Society.
  3. Stearn, p. ix, x.
  4. Lewis.
  5. Harrison.
  6. Stearn 2004.
  7. Stearn.
  8. Gledhill.
  9. Coombes, p. 83.
  10. Coombes, p. 251.
  11. Coombes, p. 102.
  12. Coombes, p. 257.
  13. Coombes, p. 240.
  14. Coombes, p. 99.
  15. Coombes, p. 268.
  16. Coombes, p. 249.
  17. Coombes, p. 107.
  18. Coombes, p. 231.
  19. Coombes, p. 189.
  20. Coombes, p. 32.
  21. Coombes, p. 128.
  22. Coombes, p. 177.
  23. Coombes, p. 138.
  24. Coombes, p. 23.
  25. Coombes, p. 266.
  26. Coombes, p. 300.
  27. Coombes, p. 248.
  28. Coombes, p. 29.
  29. Coombes, p. 242.
  30. Coombes, p. 35.
  31. Coombes, p. 70.
  32. Coombes, p. 96.
  33. Coombes, p. 228.
  34. Coombes, p. 308.
  35. Coombes, p. 171.
  36. Coombes, p. 197.
  37. Coombes, p. 206.
  38. Coombes, p. 271.
  39. Coombes, p. 39.
  40. Stearn 2004, p. 301.
  41. Coombes, p. 41.
  42. Coombes, p. 238.
  43. Coombes, p. 87.
  44. Coombes, p. 31.
  45. Coombes, p. 124.
  46. Coombes, p. 227.
  47. Coombes, p. 255.
  48. Coombes, p. 272.
  49. Coombes, p. 42.
  50. Coombes, p. 47.
  51. Coombes, p. 34.
  52. Coombes, p. 33.
  53. Coombes, p. 72.
  54. Coombes, p. 245.
  55. Coombes, p. 43.
  56. Coombes, p. 202.
  57. Coombes, p. 121.
  58. Coombes, p. 123.
  59. Coombes, p. 275.
  60. Coombes, p. 74.
  61. Coombes, p. 216.
  62. Coombes, p. 111.
  63. Coombes, p. 44.
  64. Coombes, p. 210.
  65. Coombes, p. 292.
  66. Coombes, p. 82.
  67. Coombes, p. 37.
  68. Coombes, p. 276.
  69. Coombes, p. 290.
  70. Coombes, p. 116.
  71. Coombes, p. 160.
  72. Coombes, p. 229.
  73. Coombes, p. 26.
  74. Coombes, p. 263.
  75. Coombes, p. 219.
  76. Coombes, p. 50.
  77. Coombes, p. 52.
  78. Coombes, p. 104.
  79. Coombes, p. 67.
  80. Coombes, p. 262.
  81. Coombes, p. 194.
  82. Coombes, p. 170.
  83. Coombes, p. 213.
  84. Coombes, p. 270.
  85. Coombes, p. 106.
  86. Coombes, p. 209.
  87. Coombes, p. 243.
  88. Coombes, p. 134.
  89. Coombes, p. 253.
  90. Coombes, p. 114.
  91. Coombes, p. 97.
  92. Coombes, p. 28.
  93. Coombes, p. 136.
  94. Coombes, p. 101.
  95. Coombes, p. 246.
  96. Coombes, p. 267.
  97. Coombes, p. 48.
  98. Coombes, p. 277.
  99. Coombes, p. 144.
  100. Coombes, p. 69.
  101. Coombes, p. 108.
  102. Coombes, p. 235.
  103. Coombes, p. 38.
  104. Coombes, p. 84.
  105. Coombes, p. 139.
  106. Coombes, p. 49.
  107. Coombes, p. 25.
  108. Coombes, p. 86.
  109. Coombes, p. 287.
  110. Coombes, p. 143.
  111. Coombes, p. 288.
  112. Coombes, p. 163.
  113. Coombes, p. 174.
  114. Coombes, p. 181.
  115. Coombes, p. 77.
  116. Coombes, p. 59.
  117. Coombes, p. 89.
  118. Coombes, p. 203.
  119. Coombes, p. 60.
  120. Coombes, p. 142.
  121. Coombes, p. 76.
  122. Coombes, p. 64.
  123. Coombes, p. 302.
  124. Coombes, p. 46.
  125. Coombes, p. 180.
  126. Coombes, p. 283.
  127. Coombes, p. 135.
  128. Coombes, p. 51.
  129. Coombes, p. 122.
  130. Coombes, p. 225.
  131. Coombes, p. 221.
  132. Coombes, p. 54.
  133. Coombes, p. 125.
  134. Coombes, p. 273.
  135. Coombes, p. 162.
  136. Coombes, p. 182.
  137. Coombes, p. 78.
  138. Coombes, p. 165.
  139. Coombes, p. 63.
  140. Coombes, p. 117.
  141. Coombes, p. 195.
  142. Coombes, p. 66.
  143. Coombes, p. 259.
  144. Coombes, p. 105.
  145. Coombes, p. 309.
  146. Coombes, p. 57.
  147. Coombes, p. 81.
  148. Coombes, p. 137.
  149. Coombes, p. 30.
  150. Coombes, p. 24.
  151. Coombes, p. 260.
  152. Coombes, p. 27.
  153. Coombes, p. 207.
  154. Coombes, p. 280.
  155. Coombes, p. 133.
  156. Coombes, p. 211.
  157. Coombes, p. 218.
  158. Coombes, p. 254.

References

  • Coombes, Allen (2012). The A to Z of Plant Names: A Quick Reference Guide to 4000 Garden Plants. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press. ISBN 9781604691962.
  • Cullen, Katherine E. (2006). Biology: The People Behind the Science. New York, New York: Infobase Publishing. ISBN 9780816072217.
  • Gledhill, David (2008). The Names of Plants. New York, New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521866453.
  • Harrison, Lorraine (2012). Latin for Gardeners: Over 3,000 Plant Names Explained and Explored. Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 9780226009193.
  • Lewis, Charlton (1891). An Elementary Latin Dictionary. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199102051. Available online at the Perseus Digital Library.
  • The Linnean Society (August 1992). "Publications by William T. Stearn on bibliographical, botanical and horticultural subjects, 1977–1991; a chronological list". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 109 (4): 443–451. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1992.tb01443.x. ISSN 0024-4074.
  • Stearn, William (2004). Botanical Latin. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press. ISBN 9780881926279.
  • Stearn, William (2002). Stearn's Dictionary of Plant Names for Gardeners. London: Cassell. ISBN 9780304364695.

Further reading

  • Brown, Roland (1956). Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press. ISBN 9781560988489.
  • Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert (2013). An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon. Mansfield Centre, Connecticut: Martino Fine Books. ISBN 9781614273974. Reprint of the 1888/1889 edition. Available online at the Perseus Digital Library.

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