Monarchy of Cambodia

Norodom Sihamoni
King of Cambodia
	ព្រះមហាក្សត្រនៃព្រះរាជាណាចក្រកម្ពុជា; Roi du Cambodge
	Royal Standard of the King of Cambodia
Incumbent
	Norodom Sihamoni; since 14 October 2004
Details
Style	His Majesty
First monarch	Queen Soma
Formation	1st century; 24 September 1993 (restored)
Abolition	9 October 1970 – 24 September 1993
Residence	Khemarin Palace (official residence); The Royal Residence (secondary residence)
Appointer	Royal Council of the Throne
Website	norodomsihamoni.org

The monarchy of Cambodia (Khmer: រាជានិយមនៃប្រទេសកម្ពុជា, French: Monarchie du Cambodge) is the head of state of the Kingdom of Cambodia. The King's power is limited to that of a symbolic figurehead to whom people are to give love and respect. The monarch also represents peace, stability, and prosperity to the Khmer people. Since 1993, the King of Cambodia is an elected monarch, making Cambodia one of the few elective monarchies of the world. The king is elected for life from among male descendants of King Ang Duong who are at least 30 years old by the Royal Council of the Throne, which consists of several senior political and religious figures.

Role

Cambodia's constitution, promulgated in 1993 stipulated the king's role as a mainly ceremonial one. It declared that the king "shall reign, but not govern"[1] as well as being the "symbol of national unity and continuity".[2]

The king performs important functions of state as required by the constitution. This includes but is not limited to:

Appointing the Prime Minister of Cambodia and the Cabinet of Cambodia.[3]
Convening over the opening of the two legislative bodies, the National Assembly of Cambodia and the Senate of Cambodia.[4][5]
Serving as the Supreme Commander of the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces.[6]
Meeting with the Prime Minister on a monthly basis in which the King is briefed on matters of state.[7]
Signing the royal code/decree that gives effect to laws enacted by the legislature and proposals by the cabinet.[8]
Acting as "supreme arbiter" to enable the functioning of state institutions.[9]
Receiving credentials from ambassadors.[10]
Possessing the power of commutation and pardon.[11]
Presiding over the Supreme Council of the Magistracy.[12][13]
Appointing a fixed number of members to serve on state institutions such as the Senate and the Constitutional Council[14][15]
Awarding of national honours.[16]

The king also fulfils other roles not explicitly mentioned in the constitution in his capacity as head of state, for example, presiding over events of national significance[17] including religious ceremonies and traditions integral to the Khmer nation,[18] supporting humanitarian and philanthropic causes,[19] and representing Cambodia abroad when undertaking official visits overseas.[20] Although there have been female rulers in the past, the 1993 constitution currently forbids women from succeeding to the throne.[21]

Ministry of the Royal Palace

The Ministry of the Royal Palace, currently overseen by minister Kong Sam Ol in conjunction with the Supreme Privy Advisory Council, headed by the king's half-brother Prince Norodom Ranariddh assists and advises the king accordingly in carrying out his duties as monarch.

Mythological history

Sage Kambu Swayambhuva

Cambodia (68–1431)

Funan Kingdom (68–627)

Order	Monarch	Names in Foreign Texts	Reign
01	Queen Soma	Liǔyè (Traditional Khmer Call: Neang Neak)	68-later 1st century
02	Kaundinya I	Hùntián (Traditional Khmer Call: Preah Tong)	later 1st century
03	Unknown		later 2nd century
04	Hun Pan-huang	Hùnpánkuàng	later 2nd century
05	Pan-Pan	Pánpán	early 3rd century
06	Srei Meara	Fàn Shīmàn	ca. 205–225
07	Unknown	Fàn Jīnshēng	ca. 225
08	Unknown	Fàn Chāng	ca. 225-ca. 240
09	Unknown	Fàn Xún	ca. 240-ca. 287
10	Unknown	Unknown	later 3rd century
11	Unknown	Tiānzhú Zhāntán	later 4th century
12	Unknown	Unknown	later 4th century
13	Kaundinya II	Qiáochénrú	Unknown-434
14	Srindravarman I	Chílítuóbámó	434–435
15	Unknown	Unknown	435-Unknown
16	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown-484
17	Jayavarman Kaundinya	Shéyébámó	484–514
18	Rudravarman	Liútuóbámó	514–550
Funan-Chenla War: 550–627
19	Pvirakvarman I	Unknown	550-600
20	Mahendravarman I	Unknown	c. 600–615
21	Nteractvarman I	Unknown	c. 615-627

Chenla Kingdom (550–802)

Order	Monarch	Personal Name	Reign
	Shruta Varman		550-555
	Shreshtha Varman II		555-560
	Vira Varman		560-575
	Kambuja-raja Lakshmi (queen)		575-580
22	Bhavavarman I	Bhavavarman	580–600
23	Mohendravarman	Chet Sen	600–616
24	Isanavarman I	Isanavarman	616–635
25	Bhavavarman II	Bhavavarman	639–657
26	Jayavarman I	Jayavarman	657–681
27	Queen: Jayadevi	Jayadevi	681–713

Khmer Empire (802–1431)

Order	Monarch	Personal Name	Reign
28	Jayavarman II	Jayavarman	802–835
29	Jayavarman III	Jayavarthon	835–877
30	Indravarman I	Indravarman	877–889
31	Yasovarman I	Yasovarthon	889–900
32	Harshavarman I	Harshavarman	900–925
33	Ishanavarman II	Isanavarman	925–928
34	Jayavarman IV	Jayavarman	928–941
35	Harshavarman II	Harshavarman	941–944
36	Rajendravarman I	Rajedravarman	944–968
37	Jayavarman V	Jayavarman	968–1001
38	Udayadityavarman I	Udayadityavarman	1002
39	Jayavirahvarman	Jayavirahvarman	1002–1006
40	Suryavarman I	Suryavarman	1006–1050
41	Udayadityavarman II	Udayadityavarman	1050–1066
42	Harshavarman III	Harshavarman	1066–1080
43	Nripatindravarman	Nripatindravarman	1080–1113
44	Jayavarman VI	Jayavarman	1080–1107
45	Dharanindravarman I	Dharanindravarman	1107–1113
46	Suryavarman II	Suryavarman	1113–1150
47	Dharanindravarman II	Dharanindravarman	1150–1156
48	Yasovarman II	Yasovarman	1156–1165
49	Tribhuvanadityavarman	Tribhuvanadityavarman	1165–1177
Cham Invasion: 1177–1181
50	Jayavarman VII	Jayavathon	1181–1218
51	Indravarman II	Indravarman	1218–1243
The first major Thai kingdom was created in 1238 during the reign of Indravarman by Pho Khun Si Intharathit in Sukhothai, an area formerly ruled by Lavo in vassalage to Angkor.
52	Jayavarman VIII	Jayavarman	1243–1295
53	Indravarman III	Srei Indravarman	1295–1307
54	Indrajayavarman	Srei Jayavarman	1307–1327
55	Jayavarman IX	Jayavama Borommesvarah / Jayavarman Parameshwara	1327–1336
56	Trasak Paem	Ponhea Chey	1336–1340
57	Nippean Bat	Ponhea Kreak	1340–1346
58	Sithean Reachea	Sidhanta Raja	1346–1347
59	Lompeng Reachea	Trosok Peam or Ponhea Chey or Sri Lampang Paramaraja	1347–1352
Siam attack: 1352–1357
60	Basat	Bakrasat	1356–1359
61	Soryavong	Soryavong	1357–1363
62	Borom Reachea I	Borommarama	1363–1373
63	Thomma Saok	Thomma Saok	1373–1393
Siam attack: 1393 (5 months).
64	In Reachea	Nakhonin	1394-1421
65	Pnhea Prek	Unknown name	1421
66	Barom Reachea II	Ponhea Yat	1405–1431

Kingdom of Cambodia (1431–1863)

Chaktomuk Era (1431–1525)

Name	Personal Name	Reign
Ponhea Yat ពញាយ៉ាត	Ponhea Yat ពញាយ៉ាត	1431–1463
Noreay Reameathiptei នរាយ រាមាធិបតី	Noreay Reachea នរាយណ៍រាជាទី១ទ	1463–1469
Reachea Reameathiptei រាជា រាមាធិបតី	Srei Reachea ស្រីរាជា	1469–1475
Srei Soriyotei II ស្រីសុរិយោទ័យទី២	Rajadhiraja	1472–1475
Thommo Reachea I ធម្មោ រាជា ទី១	Dharmarajadhiraja	1476–1504
Srei Sukonthor ស្រីសុគន្ធធោ	Damkhat Sukonthor	1504–1512

Cambodia Civil War: Chan Raja and Sdech Kan war: 1516–1525

សម័យកាលសង្គ្រាមស៊ីវិលរវាង ចន្ទរាជា និង ស្តេចកន ពីឆ្នាំ ១៥១៦ ដល់ ១៥២៥

Longvek Era (1525–1594)

Name	Personal Name	Reign
Srei Chettha ស្រីជេដ្ឋា	Sdach Korn ស្ដេចកន	1512–1521
Ang Chan I អង្គចន្ទទី១	Ponhea Chan ពញាចន្ទ	1516–1566
Barom Reachea I បរមរាជា ទី១	Satha Mahindharaja	1566–1576
Satha I សត្ថាទី១	Barom Reachea IV បរមរាជា	1576–1584
Chey Chettha I ជ័យជេដ្ឋា ទី១	Chey Chettha ជ័យជេដ្ឋា	1584–1594

Srei Santhor Era (1594–1620)

Name	Personal Name	Reign
Preah Ram I ព្រះរាម ទី១	Reamea Cheung Prey រាមាជើងព្រៃ	1594–1596
Preah Ram II ព្រះរាម ទី២	Keo Ban On	1596–1597
Barom Reachea II បរមរាជា ទី២	Ponhea Ton ពញាតន់	1597–1599
Barom Reachea III បរមរាជា ទី៣	Ponhea An ពញាអន	1599–1600
Kaev Hua I កែវហ៊្វាទី១	Ponhea Nhom ពញាញោម	1600–1603
Barom Reachea IV បរមរាជា ទី៤	Srei Soriyopor ស្រីសុរិយោពណ៌	1603–1618

Oudong Era, Middle Age of Cambodia, 1620–1863)

Name	Personal Name	Reign
Chey Chettha II ជ័យជេដ្ឋាទី២		1618–1628
Outey Reachea I ឧទ័យរាជាទី១	Outey ឧទ័យ	1628–1642
Thommo Reachea II ស្រីធម្មរាជាទី២	Ponhea To ពញាតូ	1628–1631
Ang Tong Reachea អង្គទងរាជា	Ponhea Nou ពញានូ	1631–1640
Batom Reachea បទុមរាជា	Ang Non អង្គនន់	1640–1642
Reameathiptei I រាមាធិបតីទី១	Ponhea Chan ពញាចន្	1642–1658
Barom Reachea V បុរមរាជា ទី៥	Ang So អង្គសូរ	1658–1672
Chey Chettha III ជ័យជេដ្ឋា ទី៣		1672–1673
Preah Keo II ព្រះកែវហ៊្វាទី២	Ang Chee អង្គជី	1673–1674
Batom Reachea III បទុមរាជាទី៣	Ang Nan	1674
Chey Chettha IV ជ័យជេដ្ឋា ទី៤	Ang Sor	1675 – 1695, 1696 – 1699, 1700 – 1702 and 1703 – 1706
Outey I ឧទ័យទី១	Ang Yong អង្គយ៉ង	1695–1696
Barom Reameathiptei បរម រាមាធិបតី	Ang Em	1699–1700 and 1710 – 1722
Thommo Reachea III សេដ្ឋា ទី២	Ang Tham	1702 – 1703, 1706 – 1709 and 1736 – 1747
Satha II សេដ្ឋា ទី២	Ang Chey អង្គជ័យ	1722–1736 and 1749
Thommo Reachea IV ស្រីធម្មរាជា	Ang Em អង្គឯម	1747
Reameathiptei III រាមាធិបតីទី៣	Ang Tong អង្គទង	1748 – 1749, 1755 – 1758
Chey Chettha V ជ័យជេដ្ឋា ទី៥	Ang Snguon អង្គស្ងួន	1749–1755
Outey Reachea II ឧទ័យរាជា ទី២	Ang Ton អង្គតន់	1758–1775
Ream Reachea ព្រះរាមរាជា	Ang Non II អង្គនន់ទី ២	1775–1779
Neareay Reachea III នារាយណ៍រាជាទី ៣ ។	Ang Eng អង្គអេង	1779 – 1782, 1794 – 1796
Regency, Ang Chan being a minor: 1796 – 1806
Outey Reachea III ឧទ័យរាជា ទី៣	Ang Chan អង្គចន្ទ	1806–1834
Ang Mey អង្គម៉ី	Ksat Trey	1834–1841
Harihak Reamea Issarathiptei ហរិរក្សរាមាឥស្សរាធិបតី	Ang Duong អង្គដួង	1841–1860

Modern Cambodia (1860–present)

French protectorate of Cambodia (1863–1953)

Name	House	Birth	Death	Relationship to predecessor
Norodom Prohmbarirak ព្រះនរោត្ដម ព្រហ្មបរិរក្ស 19 October 1860 – 24 April 1904 (43 years, 188 days)	Norodom	3 February 1834 Angkor Borei	24 April 1904 Phnom Penh Aged: 70 years, 81 days	Son of Ang Duong
Sisowath Chamchakrapong ស៊ីសុវត្ថិ ចមចក្រពង្ស 27 April 1904 – 9 August 1927 (23 years, 104 days)	Sisowath	7 September 1840 Mongkol Borey	9 August 1927 Phnom Penh Aged: 86 years, 336 days	Half-brother of Norodom
Sisowath Monivong ស៊ីសុវត្ថិ មុនីវង្ស 9 August 1927 – 23 April 1941 (13 years, 257 days)	Sisowath	27 December 1875 Phnom Penh	23 April 1941 Kampot Aged: 65 years, 117 days	Son of Sisowath
Norodom Sihanouk នរោត្តម សីហនុ 24 April 1941 – 2 March 1955 (13 years, 312 days)	Norodom	31 October 1922 Phnom Penh	15 October 2012 Beijing Aged: 89 years, 350 days	Maternal grandson of Sisowath Monivong

Kingdom of Cambodia (1953–1970)

Name	Portrait	House	Birth	Death	Relationship to predecessor
Norodom Suramarit នរោត្តម សុរាម្រិត 3 March 1955 – 3 April 1960 (5 years, 31 days)		Norodom	6 March 1896 Phnom Penh	3 April 1960 Phnom Penh Aged: 64 years, 28 days	Father of Norodom Sihanouk
Sisowath Monivong Kossamak Nearirath Sereyvathana ស៊ីសុវត្ថិមុនីវង្ស កុសុមៈនារីរ័ត្នសេរីវឌ្ឍនា 20 June 1960 – 9 October 1970 (10 years, 111 days) [lower-alpha 1]		Norodom Sisowath	9 April 1904 Phnom Penh	27 April 1975 Beijing Aged: 71 years, 18 days	Consort of Norodom Suramarit

Kingdom of Cambodia (1993–present)

Name	Portrait	House	Birth	Death	Relationship to predecessor
Norodom Sihanouk នរោត្តម សីហនុ 24 September 1993 – 7 October 2004 (11 years, 13 days)		Norodom	31 October 1922 Phnom Penh	15 October 2012 Beijing Aged: 89 years, 350 days	Son of Norodom Suramarit
Norodom Sihamoni នរោត្តម សីហមុនី 14 October 2004 – present (16 years, 115 days)		Norodom	14 May 1953 Phnom Penh	Living Age: 67 years, 268 days	Son of Norodom Sihanouk

Royal symbols

Royal Standard of Cambodia (pre-1993)
Royal Standard of Cambodia (1993–present)
Royal arms of Cambodia

Notes

Queen Sisowath Kossamak was not an official monarch, but a "symbol, incarnation, and representative" of the dynasty after the death of her husband, King Norodom Suramarit. Norodom Sihanouk appointed himself chief of state whose powers equal that of a traditional monarch.[22]

Citations

The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Article 7.
The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Article 8.
The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter X, Article 119.
The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter VII, Article 82.
The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter VIII, Article 106.
The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Article 23.
The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Article 20.
The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Articles 26 and 28.
The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Article 9.
The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Article 25.
The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Article 27.
The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Article 21.
The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter XI, Article 134.
The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter VIII, Article 100.
The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter XII, Article 137.
The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Article 29.
"Cambodian king,..."
"Cambodia marks..."
"$1 million royal gift..."
"President Xi meets Cambodian king in Beijing" in GB Times
Jeldres, Julio A. (2 April 1999). "Cambodia's Monarchy: The search for the successor". The Phnom Penh Post.
"Cambodian Queen is Dead in Peking". The New York Times. 28 April 1975. Retrieved 23 June 2020.

References

"$1 million royal gift for Kantha Bopha" in Khmer Times
"Cambodia marks beginning of farming season with royal ploughing ceremony" in Xinhuanet
"Cambodian king, PM wrap up annual Water Festival" in Xinhuanet
"The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia" (PDF). World Intellectual Property Organization.
"President Xi meets Cambodian king in Beijing" in GB Times

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[23] Queen Sisowath Kossamak was not an official monarch, but a "symbol, incarnation, and representative" of the dynasty after the death of her husband, King Norodom Suramarit. Norodom Sihanouk appointed himself chief of state whose powers equal that of a traditional monarch.[22]

[1] The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Article 7.

[2] The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Article 8.

[3] The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter X, Article 119.

[4] The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter VII, Article 82.

[5] The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter VIII, Article 106.

[6] The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Article 23.

[7] The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Article 20.

[8] The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Articles 26 and 28.

[9] The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Article 9.

[10] The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Article 25.

[11] The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Article 27.

[12] The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Article 21.

[13] The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter XI, Article 134.

[14] The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter VIII, Article 100.

[15] The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter XII, Article 137.

[16] The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Chapter II, Article 29.

[17] "Cambodian king,..."

[18] "Cambodia marks..."

[19] "$1 million royal gift..."

[20] "President Xi meets Cambodian king in Beijing" in GB Times

[21] Jeldres, Julio A. (2 April 1999). "Cambodia's Monarchy: The search for the successor". The Phnom Penh Post.

[22] "Cambodian Queen is Dead in Peking". The New York Times. 28 April 1975. Retrieved 23 June 2020.

Monarchs of Cambodia
Cambodian monarchs' family tree
Funan Kingdom Nokor Phnom	Soma (Neang Neak) (female) Kaundinya I (Preah Tong) Hun Pan-huang Pan-Pan Srei Meara (Fan Shiman) Fan Jinsheng Fan Chang Fan Xun Kaundinya II Srindravarman I Jayavarman Kaundinya Rudravarman Pvirakvarman I Mhenteractvarman I Nteractvarman I
Chenla Kingdom	Shruta Varman Shreshtha Varman II Vira Varman Kambuja-raja-lakshmi (female) Bhavavarman I Mohendravarman Isanavarman I Bhavavarman II Jayavarman I Jayadevi (female) Pushkaraksha Shambhu Varman Rajendravarman I Mahipativarman
Khmer Empire	Jayavarman II Jayavarman III Indravarman I Yasovarman I Harshavarman I Ishanavarman II Jayavarman IV Harshavarman II Rajendravarman II Jayavarman V Udayadityavarman I Jayavirahvarman Suryavarman I Udayadityavarman II Harshavarman III Nripatindravarman Jayavarman VI Dharanindravarman I Suryavarman II Dharanindravarman II Yasovarman II Tribhuvanadityavarman Jayavarman VII Indravarman II Jayavarman VIII Indravarman III Indrajayavarman Jayavarman IX Trosok Peam Nippean Bat Lompong Racha Soryavong Borom Reachea I Thomma Saok In Reachea (Ponhea Prek) Barom Reachea II (Ponhea Yat)
Dark ages	Ponhea Yat Noreay Reachea I Srey Reachea Ramathuppdey Srei Soriyotei II Thommo Reachea I Srey Sukonthor Sdach Korn Ang Chan I Barom Reachea I Satha I Chey Chettha I Preah Ram I Preah Ram II Barom Reachea II Barom Reachea III Kaev Hua I (Ponhea Nhom) Srei Soriyopear Chey Chettha II Outey (co-ruler) Thommo Reachea II (Ponhea To) Ang Tong Reachea (Ponhea Nu) Batom Reachea (Ang Non I) Ponhea Chan (Sultan Ibrahim) Barom Reachea V Chey Chettha III Kaev Hua II Ang Nan Chey Chettha IV Outey I Kaev Hua III (Ang Em) Thommo Reachea III Satha II Thommo Reachea IV Ang Tong Ang Sngoun Noreay Reachea II (Outey II) Ang Non II Noreay Reachea III (Ang Eng) Ang Chan II Ang Mey (female) Ang Duong
French Protectorate	Norodom Sisowath Sisowath Monivong Norodom Sihanouk
Modern Cambodia	Norodom Suramarit Sisowath Kossamak (queen consort) Norodom Sihanouk Norodom Sihamoni

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