Mossoró

Mossoró (Portuguese pronunciation: [mosoˈɾɔ]) is the second most populous city[2] in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, and also the largest municipality of that state. It is equidistant (four hours' drive) from Natal (approximately 277 km or 172 miles), the state capital of Rio Grande do Norte, and from Fortaleza (approximately 260 km or 161.5 miles), the capital of the state of Ceará. It is also in the heart of Brazil's salt production area. Situated in the Oeste Potiguar mesoregion, Mossoró is the country's largest land-based petroleum producer.[3]

Mossoró
Municipality
The Municipality of Mossoró
Flag
Seal
Nickname(s): 
"Capital do Oeste" ("The Capital of the West") and "Cidade do Sal e do Petróleo" ("City of Salt and Petroleum")
Motto(s): 
Mossoró da gente. Fazendo nossa vida melhorar. (Our Mossoró. Improving our lives.)
Location in the Rio Grande do Norte
Location of State of Rio Grande do Norte in Brazil
Coordinates: 5°11′16″S 37°20′38″W
Country Brazil
RegionNortheast
State Rio Grande do Norte
Founded1852
Government
 • MayorRosalba Ciarlini Rosado (PP)
Area
 • Total2,110.207 km2 (814.755 sq mi)
Elevation
20 m (66 ft)
Population
 (2020 [1])
 • Total300,618
 • Density140/km2 (370/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC-3 (America/Fortaleza)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-3 (DST Not Observed)
Postal code
59600-001 to 59649-999
Area code+55 84
ISO 3166 codeBR-RN
HDI (2000)0.735 – medium
Websitewww.prefeiturademossoro.com.br

History

To Brazilians, the main historical distinctions of the city are the driving off an attack by Lampião and his gang of "social bandits" (see Cangaço) that plundered entire towns in the sertão during the 1920s and 1930s; and also the fact that the city freed its slaves five years before the Lei Áurea abolished slavery in the rest of the country in 1888. Mossoró was also the first city to give women the right to vote in Brazil (Professor Celina Guimarães Viana cast the first vote in 1928), sparking a movement among other cities and states in Brazil that culminated in the official recognition of women's suffrage by the national government in 1934.

Population Growth
Historical population
YearPop.±%
1991192,267—    
1996205,214+6.7%
2000213,841+4.2%
2007234,390+9.6%
YearPop.±%
2008241,645+3.1%
2009244,287+1.1%
2010259,815+6.4%
2020300,618+15.7%

(96th largest municipality in Brazil).

Culture and Recreation
Caiçara e Mar - Downtown

Although it does not have beaches within its city limits, there are several magnificent beaches in the surrounding area of the Costa Branca Pole such as the desert beaches of the city of Areia Branca. World-famous Canoa Quebrada beach is a short drive away in the neighboring state of Ceará.

The Resistance Museum tells the story of the city and the city's native sons. However, the most famous attraction is the Mossoró Cidade Junina (Mossoró Junina City Festival), a winter festival (festa junina) that attracts more than a million people during the month of June.

The city has a beautiful historic town, a hub of fascinating stories of the region's development. Main attractions include the Museu Municipal Jornalista Lauro da Escóssia (Journalist Lauro da Escóssia Municipal Museum), also known as the Cangaço Museum, the Station Arts old railway station museum, the Oil Museum, St. Vincent Church, and the Cathedral of Santa Luzia. Other attractions include the famous Palace of Resistance, former residence of mayor Rodolfo Fernandes who was the leader of the resistance against the "Lamp band" (Lampião) and served as a rampart against attacks from those notorious bandits. There is also the Bode Market, an ovine and caprine trading center where traders and buyers of sheep and goats continue the long-held rural traditions of the northeast, as well as the famous Central Market and the Railway Bridge.

In September, the city stages what could be the largest play in the world, the Auto Da Liberdade (The Procession of Liberty) with an all-paid cast of 2,000 and a 600-member chorus as part of its Festa da Liberdade (Brazilian independence celebrations).

Mossoró also has a shopping center, Mossoró West Shopping, which includes a 5-screen multiplex cinema, Wi-Fi internet connectivity, children's recreation and diaper changing area, ATMs, bowling alley, pharmacy, and food court among its many amenities.

Mossoró is also home to the Hotel Thermas Resort which is the largest thermal water park in Brazil. The heated water used in the resort arises from a zone of geothermal hot springs located in the vicinity of the city.

The city is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Mossoró.[4][5]

  • Canoa Quebrada Beach
  • Ponta do Mel, Areia Branca
  • Mossoró Old City Hall
  • Rodolfo Fernandes Square

Education

Colleges and Universities

The Federal University of the Semi-Arid is located in Mossoró.

The following have campuses in the city:

Grade Schools and High Schools

You can see a listing of public and private elementary, junior, and senior high schools in Mossoró HERE (In Portuguese.) UNP universidade Potiguar

Regional Transportation
Highway BR-304

Airports

Mossoró is served by the following airports:

Highways
  • BR-304
  • BR-110
  • BR-405
  • BR-437

Distances to other Brazilian Cities

Climate

Mossoró is one of the hottest cities in all of Brazil. It is not uncommon for temperatures to exceed 35 °C (95 °F) throughout the year, with temperatures approaching 45 °C (113 °F) unexceptional. A fairly short wet season spans from January to May, while the scorching dry season spans the remainder of the year. The sultriest temperatures are registered from October to January.

It has semi-arid climate with a temperature range of mean lows around 22.7 °C (72.9 °F) in winter and mean highs around 33.4 °C (92.1 °F) in summer.[6]

Climate data for Mossoró
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 34.1
(93.4)		 33.3
(91.9)		 32.6
(90.7)		 32.3
(90.1)		 32.3
(90.1)		 32.3
(90.1)		 32.5
(90.5)		 33.8
(92.8)		 34.4
(93.9)		 34.6
(94.3)		 34.6
(94.3)		 34.4
(93.9)		 33.4
(92.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) 26.8
(80.2)		 25
(77)		 27.3
(81.1)		 27.3
(81.1)		 27
(81)		 26.7
(80.1)		 26.5
(79.7)		 27.1
(80.8)		 27.7
(81.9)		 28.1
(82.6)		 28.3
(82.9)		 28.7
(83.7)		 27.2
(81.0)
Average low °C (°F) 23.7
(74.7)		 23.5
(74.3)		 23.3
(73.9)		 23.2
(73.8)		 22.8
(73.0)		 21.9
(71.4)		 21.6
(70.9)		 21.3
(70.3)		 21.9
(71.4)		 22.8
(73.0)		 23.2
(73.8)		 23.6
(74.5)		 22.7
(72.9)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 69.3
(2.73)		 130.1
(5.12)		 169.2
(6.66)		 179.6
(7.07)		 109.5
(4.31)		 49.4
(1.94)		 39.9
(1.57)		 11.1
(0.44)		 5.9
(0.23)		 3.4
(0.13)		 3.2
(0.13)		 17.3
(0.68)		 787.9
(31.02)
Average relative humidity (%) 67 72 78 74 76 72 69 62 61 62 63 66 68.5
Mean monthly sunshine hours 231.7 194.4 186.4 190.3 217.1 211.3 228.3 269.1 271.7 290.3 281 256.5 2,828.1
Source 1: Climate Charts (daily means and humidity);[6]
Source 2: Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology - INMET (rainfall and sun: 1961-1990).[7][8]

Images
  • Memorial da Resistência (Resistance Memorial)
  • Mossoró Cidade Junina (Mossoró City Junina Festival)
  • Petroleum Extraction
  • Cathedral of Santa Luzia

See also

References
  1. IBGE 2020
  2. http://www.ibge.gov.br/cidadesat/link.php?uf=rn
  3. http://www.anp.gov.br/brasil-rounds/round4/round4/workshop/restrito/ingles/Potiguar_ing.pdf
  4. http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dmoss.html
  5. http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/diocese/moss2.htm
  6. "Mossoro, Brazil: Climate, Global Warming, and Daylight Charts and Data". Climate Charts. Archived from the original on June 5, 2014. Retrieved September 8, 2014.
  7. "Precipitação Acumulada Mensal e Anual (mm)" (in Portuguese). Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology. 1961–1990. Archived from the original on August 8, 2014. Retrieved September 8, 2014.
  8. "Insolação Total (horas)". Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology. Archived from the original on August 8, 2014. Retrieved September 8, 2014.
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