Transport in Brazil

Transport infrastructure in Brazil is characterized by strong regional differences and lack of development of the national rail network.[1] Brazil's fast-growing economy, and especially the growth in exports, will place increasing demands on the transport networks.[2] However, sizeable new investments that are expected to address some of the issues are either planned or in progress.[2][3] It's common to travel domestically by air because the price is low. [4] Brazil got the second highest number of airports in the world, after USA. [5]

Rio–Niterói Bridge
Port of Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil

Railways
Main article: Rail transport in Brazil
Further information: RFFSA
Norte Brasil Railway

The Brazilian railway network has an extension of about 30,000 kilometers. It's basically used for transporting ores.[6] Usually, the railway sector is treated in a secondary way in Brazil, due to logistical, economic or political difficulties to install more railways.

  • Total actual network: 29,303 km
Broad gauge: 4,932 km 1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in) gauge (939 km electrified)
Narrow gauge: 23,773 km 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 3⁄8 in) gauge (581 km electrified)
Dual gauge: 396 km 1000 mm and 1600 mm gauges (three rails)
Standard gauge: 202.4 km 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) gauge (2006)

Cities with metros
Rio de Janeiro Metro
Main article: Rail transport in Brazil § Railway links with adjacent countries

International rail links exist between Brazil and Argentina, Bolivia and Uruguay.

Tramways

Brazil had a hundred tramway systems.[7] Currently, there are vintage tramways operating in Belém,[8] Campinas,[9] Campos do Jordão,[10] Itatinga,[11] Rio de Janeiro[12] and Santos.[13]

Highways
Rodovia dos Imigrantes
Road system in Brazil, with divided highways highlighted in red. The São Paulo state, which has state control of most federal roads in its territory, made its road network the most extensive one in the country, thanks to this fact.
Main article: Brazilian Highway System

Brazil has more than 1.7 million km of roads, of which 215,000 km are paved, and about 14,000 km are divided highways. The two most important highways in the country are BR-101 and BR-116.[14]

The country has a low rate of car ownership of 140 per 1000 people, however in comparison to the other developing economies of the BRIC group Brazil exceeds India and China.

Waterways

50,000 km navigable (most in areas remote from industry or population) (2008)

Pipelines

Seaports and harbors
Port of Santos
Port of Manaus on the Rio Negro, the largest river port in the country.
Main ports in Brazil

The busiest port in the country, and the 2nd busiest in all of Latin America, losing only to the Port of Colón, is the Port of Santos. Other high-movement ports are the Port of Rio de Janeiro, Port of Paranaguá, Port of Itajaí, Port of Rio Grande and Port of São Francisco do Sul.[15]

Atlantic Ocean

Amazon river

Paraguay River (international water way)

Merchant marine

total: 136 ships (1,000 gross tonnage (GT) or over) totaling 3,964,808 GT/6,403,284 tonnes deadweight (DWT)

ships by type: (1999 est.)

Airports
See also: List of airports in Brazil
São Paulo–Guarulhos International Airport.
Rio de Janeiro-Galeão International Airport.

The country has the second largest number of airports in the world, behind only the United States. São Paulo/Guarulhos, is the largest and busiest in the country. Brazil has 44 international airports, such as those in Rio de Janeiro, Brasília, Belo Horizonte, Porto Alegre, Florianópolis, Cuiabá, Salvador, Recife, Fortaleza, Belém and Manaus, among others.

Most international flights must go to São Paulo–Guarulhos International Airport or Rio de Janeiro–Galeão International Airport. Belo Horizonte is the main international airport outside Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. A few go to Brasília, Recife, Natal, and just recently Fortaleza has accepted international flights.

In 2013 Brazil had the sixth largest passenger air market in the world.[16]

Airports - with paved runways
  • total: 734
  • over 3,047 m: 7
  • 2,438 to 3,047 m: 26
  • 1,524 to 2,437 m: 169
  • 914 to 1,523 m: 476
  • under 914 m: 56 (2008)

Airports - with unpaved runways
  • total: 3,442
  • 1,524 to 2,437 m: 85
  • 914 to 1,523 m: 1,541
  • under 914 m: 1,816 (2008)

National airlines
Main article: List of airlines of Brazil
Passenger flow between the main airports in Brazil (2001).

Heliports
  • 16 (2007)
  • 13 (2010)

See also

References
  1. "Logistics in Brazil - DHL Logistik". Archived from the original on 2012-07-24.
  2. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-09-22. Retrieved 2012-09-22.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  3. Home page | The world's leading construction web site
  4. "Travelling in Brazil - Transportation: Air, bus, car..." www.aboutbrasil.com. Retrieved 2020-10-13.
  5. "The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. Retrieved 2020-10-13.
  6. The World Factbook — Central Intelligence
  7. "INTRODUCTION". www.tramz.com.
  8. "The Tramways of Belém". www.tramz.com.
  9. "The Tramways of Campinas". www.tramz.com.
  10. "Campos do Jordão". www.tramz.com.
  11. "CODESP hydroelectric complex (Brazil)". www.tramz.com.
  12. "THE SANTA TERESA TRAMWAY". www.tramz.com.
  13. "THE SCOTTISH TRAMS OF SANTOS". www.tramz.com.
  14. Anuário CNT do transporte 2018
  15. Port Activity of Latin America and the Caribbean 2018
  16. World Bank Datebase, http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IS.AIR.PSGR
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