Sangamon County, Illinois

Sangamon County is located in the center of the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2010 census, it had a population of 197,465.[1] Its county seat and largest city is Springfield,[2] the state capital.

"Sangamon" redirects here. For other uses, see Sangamon (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with Sangamon, Illinois.

Sangamon County
U.S. county
Flag
Seal
Location within the U.S. state of Illinois
Illinois's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 39°46′N 89°40′W
Country United States
State Illinois
Founded1823
Named forSangamon River
SeatSpringfield
Largest citySpringfield
Area
 • Total877 sq mi (2,270 km2)
 • Land868 sq mi (2,250 km2)
 • Water8.7 sq mi (23 km2)  1.0%
Population
 (2010)
 • Total197,465
 • Estimate 
(2019)
194,672
 • Density230/sq mi (87/km2)
Congressional districts13th, 18th
Websitewww.co.sangamon.il.us

Sangamon County is included in the Springfield, IL Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History
Lincoln Tomb

Sangamon County was formed in 1821 out of Madison and Bond counties. The county was named for the Sangamon River, which runs through it. The origin of the name of the river is unknown; among several explanations is the theory that is comes from the Pottawatomie word Sain-guee-mon (pronounced "sang gä mun"), meaning "where there is plenty to eat."[3] Published histories of neighboring Menard County (formed from Sangamon County) suggest that the name was first given to the river by the French explorers of the late 17th century as they passed through the region. The river was named to honor "St. Gamo", or Saint Gamo, an 8th-century French Benedictine monk. The French pronunciation "San-Gamo" is the legacy.

Prior to being elected President of the United States, Abraham Lincoln represented Sangamon County in the Illinois Legislature. Lincoln, along with several other legislators, was instrumental in securing Springfield, the Sangamon County seat, as the state's capital. Sangamon County was also within the congressional district represented by Lincoln when he served in the US House of Representatives. Another legislator who represented Sangamon County was Colonel Edmund Dick Taylor, also known as "Father of the Greenback". The prominent financiers and industrialists Jacob Bunn and John Whitfield Bunn were based in Springfield, Sangamon County, Illinois, as well as in Chicago, during the nineteenth century and the early twentieth century. The careers of these men and the people with whom they collaborated helped to shape much of the history and development of Sangamon County, Illinois.

  • Sangamon County from the time of its creation to 1823
  • Sangamon County between 1823 and 1825
  • Sangamon County between 1825 and 1839
  • Sangamon in 1839, when the creation of Logan and Menard Counties reduced it to its present borders

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 877 square miles (2,270 km2), of which 868 square miles (2,250 km2) is land and 8.7 square miles (23 km2) (1.0%) is water.[4]

Climate and weather
Springfield, Illinois
Climate chart (explanation)
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
 
 
1.6
 
 
33
17
 
 
1.8
 
 
39
22
 
 
3.2
 
 
51
32
 
 
3.4
 
 
63
42
 
 
4.1
 
 
74
53
 
 
3.8
 
 
83
62
 
 
3.5
 
 
87
66
 
 
3.4
 
 
85
64
 
 
2.8
 
 
79
55
 
 
2.6
 
 
67
44
 
 
2.9
 
 
51
34
 
 
2.5
 
 
38
23
Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
Precipitation totals in inches
Source: The Weather Channel[5]

In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Springfield have ranged from a low of 17 °F (−8 °C) in January to a high of 87 °F (31 °C) in July, although a record low of −24 °F (−31 °C) was recorded in February 1905 and a record high of 112 °F (44 °C) was recorded in July 1954. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 1.62 inches (41 mm) in January to 4.06 inches (103 mm) in May.[5]

Major highways

Adjacent counties

National protected areas

State protected areas

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.%±
183012,960—
184014,71613.5%
185019,22830.7%
186032,27467.8%
187046,35243.6%
188052,89414.1%
189061,19515.7%
190071,59317.0%
191091,02427.1%
1920100,26210.1%
1930111,73311.4%
1940117,9125.5%
1950131,48411.5%
1960146,53911.5%
1970161,33510.1%
1980176,0899.1%
1990178,3861.3%
2000188,9515.9%
2010197,4654.5%
2019 (est.)194,672[6]−1.4%
U.S. Decennial Census[7]
1790-1960[8] 1900-1990[9]
1990-2000[10] 2010-2019[1]

As of the 2010 census, there were 197,465 people, 82,986 households, and 51,376 families residing in the county.[11] The population density was 227.4 inhabitants per square mile (87.8/km2). There were 89,901 housing units at an average density of 103.5 per square mile (40.0/km2).[4] The racial makeup of the county was 83.6% white, 11.8% black or African American, 1.6% Asian, 0.2% American Indian, 0.5% from other races, and 2.2% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 1.8% of the population.[11] In terms of ancestry, 29.4% were German, 14.8% were Irish, 12.1% were English, 9.5% were American, and 6.3% were Italian.[12]

Of the 82,986 households, 30.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.4% were married couples living together, 13.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 38.1% were non-families, and 31.8% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 2.94. The median age was 39.2 years.[11]

The median income for a household in the county was $52,232 and the median income for a family was $66,917. Males had a median income of $48,324 versus $36,691 for females. The per capita income for the county was $28,394. About 9.9% of families and 13.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.7% of those under age 18 and 7.3% of those age 65 or over.[13]

Government

Sangamon County is governed by a 29-member board. Each member of the board is elected from a separate district.[14]

Other elected officials include:[15]

OfficeRepresentativePartyResidenceTook Office
Auditor Andy Goleman Republican Divernon 2015 (appointed)
Clerk of the Circuit Court Paul Palazzolo Republican Springfield 2015 (appointed)
Coroner Cinda Edwards Republican Springfield 2011 (appointed)
County Clerk Don Gray Republican Springfield 2015 (appointed)
Recorder Josh Langfelder Democratic Springfield 2008 (elected)
Regional Superintendent of Schools Jeff Vose Republican Springfield 2010 (appointed)
Sheriff Jack Campbell Republican Illiopolis 2018 (elected)
State's Attorney Dan Wright Republican Springfield 2018 (appointed)
Treasurer Joe Aiello Republican Springfield 2018 (elected)

Politics

Despite being home to an urban state capital, Sangamon is a Republican-leaning county.

Presidential election results
Presidential election results[16]
Year Republican Democratic Third parties
2020 51.1% 53,485 46.7% 48,917 2.2% 2,350
2016 50.8% 49,944 41.6% 40,907 7.7% 7,522
2012 53.3% 50,225 44.7% 42,107 2.1% 1,965
2008 46.9% 46,945 51.3% 51,300 1.9% 1,861
2004 58.6% 55,904 40.5% 38,630 0.9% 841
2000 55.1% 50,374 42.0% 38,414 3.0% 2,697
1996 47.9% 42,174 44.2% 38,902 8.0% 7,029
1992 40.9% 39,641 41.4% 40,052 17.7% 17,167
1988 56.8% 50,175 42.7% 37,729 0.6% 499
1984 61.1% 54,086 38.5% 34,059 0.4% 378
1980 58.0% 49,372 34.5% 29,354 7.6% 6,474
1976 52.2% 43,309 45.9% 38,017 1.9% 1,584
1972 65.5% 50,458 33.4% 25,720 1.2% 897
1968 50.0% 36,510 40.5% 29,542 9.5% 6,944
1964 43.4% 33,077 56.6% 43,073 0.0% 16
1960 53.6% 41,483 46.3% 35,793 0.1% 59
1956 59.7% 42,951 40.2% 28,949 0.1% 35
1952 54.0% 39,392 46.0% 33,526 0.1% 50
1948 53.3% 33,714 46.1% 29,196 0.6% 363
1944 53.2% 32,871 46.5% 28,713 0.3% 161
1940 52.4% 35,464 47.2% 31,943 0.3% 221
1936 46.4% 29,562 50.7% 32,281 2.9% 1,827
1932 44.3% 26,856 54.0% 32,745 1.7% 1,042
1928 60.0% 31,957 39.5% 21,026 0.5% 288
1924 51.6% 23,443 27.8% 12,640 20.6% 9,363
1920 59.4% 21,820 30.0% 11,000 10.6% 3,903
1916 51.7% 20,900 44.4% 17,958 4.0% 1,606
1912 31.1% 6,196 42.3% 8,406 26.6% 5,295
1908 49.8% 10,422 44.7% 9,351 5.6% 1,161
1904 53.4% 10,638 38.0% 7,571 8.5% 1,697
1900 49.6% 9,769 48.2% 9,499 2.1% 422
1896 50.2% 8,998 47.9% 8,582 2.0% 354
1892 41.1% 6,009 52.4% 7,665 6.6% 960

Communities

Cities

Villages

Unincorporated communities

Townships

Sangamon County is divided into these townships:

See also

References
  1. "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on June 6, 2011. Retrieved July 8, 2014.
  2. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  3. Callary, Edward. 2009. Place Names of Illinois. Champaign: University of Illinois Press, p. 310.
  4. "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved July 12, 2015.
  5. "Monthly Averages for Springfield, Illinois". The Weather Channel. Retrieved January 27, 2011.
  6. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved May 21, 2020.
  7. "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 8, 2014.
  8. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved July 8, 2014.
  9. "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 8, 2014.
  10. "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 8, 2014.
  11. "DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved July 12, 2015.
  12. "DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved July 12, 2015.
  13. "DP03 SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved July 12, 2015.
  14. "History and Overview". Springfield, Illinois: County of Sangamon, Illinois. Archived from the original on December 5, 2011. Retrieved December 4, 2011.
  15. "Elected Officials - Sangamon County Clerk - Don Gray - Sangamon County, Illinois". www.sangamoncountyclerk.com.
  16. Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org.

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