Bond County, Illinois

Bond County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. As of the 2010 census, the population was 17,768.[1] Its county seat is Greenville.[2]

Bond County
U.S. county
Bond County Courthouse in Greenville
Location within the U.S. state of Illinois
Illinois's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 38°53′N 89°26′W
Country United States
State Illinois
Founded1817
Named forShadrach Bond
SeatGreenville
Largest cityGreenville
Area
 • Total383 sq mi (990 km2)
 • Land380 sq mi (1,000 km2)
 • Water2.5 sq mi (6 km2)  0.6%
Population
 (2010)
 • Total17,768
 • Estimate 
(2018)
16,630
 • Density46/sq mi (18/km2)
Time zoneUTC−6 (Central)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional districts13th, 15th
Websitehttps://www.bondcountyil.com/

Bond County is included in the St. Louis, MO-IL Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History

Bond County was formed in 1817 out of Madison County. It was named for Shadrach Bond, who was then the delegate from the Illinois Territory to the United States Congress, and who thereupon became the first governor of Illinois, serving from 1818 to 1822.[3]

The county's primary city, Greenville, had a post office from 1819 and was incorporated as a town in 1855 and as a city in 1872.[3] A few possible reasons have been put forth for the naming of the town. Some think the town was named after Greenville, North Carolina, which had been named after Revolutionary War general Nathanael Greene. Others say that Greenville was named by early settler Thomas White because it was "so green and nice." A third possibility is that Greenville was named after Green P. Rice, the town's first merchant.[3]

In 1824, a vote taken on slavery in Bond County had received 240 votes against and 63 votes for slavery.[4] While Illinois was not a slave state, it was adjacent to slave states, Missouri and Kentucky, and did allow the continued use of "indentured servants," a process many slaveowners used to keep their slaves even in a free state.[4]

In Bond County, at one point 14 slaves were registered to eight owners.[4] One slave, Silas Register, took his last name from the act of being registered at the county clerk's office. Register was the last known Bond County slave to survive; he died in 1872 at the age of 76.[4] A few of the slaves are buried in the county with the families they were indentured to.[4] One former slave, Fanny, was free after her owners moved out of the state and worked in the town so that she could buy her husband, Stephen, at auction in Missouri.[4]

During the 1840s, Bond County played host to a few people conducting slaves to freedom on the Underground Railroad.[4] Teacher T.A. Jones lived in Reno and in 2008, a letter in which he told of his Underground Railroad activities was discovered in a staircase in Sparta.[4] Slaves were often spirited from Missouri, sometimes through Carlyle to Bond County.[4] Rev. John Leeper was able to disguise his Underground Railroad activities due to his milling business.[4] Dr. Henry Perrine practiced medicine near Greenville and helped with the secret railroad activities.[4] Rev. George Denny's house was found in the 1930s to conceal a secret chamber that had been used in the Railroad.[4]

Greenville University was founded as Almira College in 1855. In 1941, college president H.J. Long "declared the founding of Almira and Greenville ran parallel, for both were founded on prayer."[3]

When Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas gave speeches in Greenville in 1858 during a campaign for the United States Senate, Douglas said: "Ladies and gentlemen it gives me great and supreme gratification and pleasure to see this vast concourse of people assembled to hear me upon this my first visit to Old Bond."[3] The Illinois State Register reported of the occasion: "I've seen many gatherings in Old Bond county but I never saw anything equal to this and I never expect to."[3]

On November 21, 1915, the Liberty Bell passed through Greenville on its nationwide tour returning to Pennsylvania from the Panama-Pacific International Exposition in San Francisco. After that trip, the Liberty Bell returned to Pennsylvania and will not be moved again.[3][5]

The Greenville Public Library was established as a Carnegie library and is on the National Register of Historic Places. Hogue Hall at Greenville College also appears on the National Register.[3]

On April 18, 1934, during the Great Depression, a group of 500 protesters marched to the Illinois Emergency Relief Commission to lodge complaints about the delivery of emergency supplies from the state and federal governments.[3]

Ronald Reagan visited Greenville on the campaign trail in the 1980s and gave a speech on the courthouse lawn. Barack Obama, the junior Senator from Illinois elected as President in November 2008, also visited Greenville while campaigning for his Senate seat in 2004, in a visit hosted by the Bond County Democrats.[6] Women in Bond County could vote for the first time in 1914.[3]

  • Bond County at the time of its creation in 1817, extending north to Lake Superior.
  • Bond County between 1821 and 1824
  • Bond between 1824 and 1843
  • Bond county was enlarged slightly to its current size in 1843.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 383 square miles (990 km2), of which 380 square miles (980 km2) is land and 2.5 square miles (6.5 km2) (0.6%) is water.[7]

Adjacent counties

Major highways

Climate and weather
Greenville, Illinois
Climate chart (explanation)
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
 
 
2.2
 
 
37
21
 
 
2
 
 
44
26
 
 
3.6
 
 
56
35
 
 
4.2
 
 
68
45
 
 
4.3
 
 
78
55
 
 
4.1
 
 
87
64
 
 
3.5
 
 
91
68
 
 
3.5
 
 
89
66
 
 
3.2
 
 
82
58
 
 
2.9
 
 
71
47
 
 
3.8
 
 
55
37
 
 
3
 
 
42
26
Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
Precipitation totals in inches
Source: The Weather Channel[8]

In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Greenville have ranged from a low of 21 °F (−6 °C) in January to a high of 91 °F (33 °C) in July, although a record low of −22 °F (−30 °C) was recorded in February 1905 and a record high of 114 °F (46 °C) was recorded in July 1954. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 2.00 inches (51 mm) in February to 4.31 inches (109 mm) in May.[8]

Demographics
2000 census age pyramid for Bond County.
Historical population
CensusPop.%±
18202,931—
18303,1246.6%
18405,06062.0%
18506,14421.4%
18609,81559.7%
187013,15234.0%
188014,86613.0%
189014,550−2.1%
190016,07810.5%
191017,0756.2%
192016,045−6.0%
193014,406−10.2%
194014,5400.9%
195014,157−2.6%
196014,060−0.7%
197014,012−0.3%
198016,22415.8%
199014,991−7.6%
200017,63317.6%
201017,7680.8%
2018 (est.)16,630[9]−6.4%
U.S. Decennial Census[10]
1790-1960[11] 1900-1990[12]
1990-2000[13] 2010-2013[1]

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 17,768 people, 6,427 households, and 4,340 families residing in the county.[14] The population density was 46.7 inhabitants per square mile (18.0/km2). There were 7,089 housing units at an average density of 18.6 per square mile (7.2/km2).[7] The racial makeup of the county was 90.9% white, 6.1% black or African American, 0.5% American Indian, 0.4% Asian, 0.3% from other races, and 1.8% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 3.1% of the population.[14] In terms of ancestry, 26.6% were German, 12.2% were English, 10.1% were Irish, and 8.4% were American.[15]

Of the 6,427 households, 30.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.6% were married couples living together, 9.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 32.5% were non-families, and 26.8% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 2.93. The median age was 39.7 years.[14]

The median income for a household in the county was $51,946 and the median income for a family was $60,786. Males had a median income of $44,458 versus $31,220 for females. The per capita income for the county was $24,341. About 7.4% of families and 10.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.6% of those under age 18 and 9.1% of those age 65 or over.[16]

Education

Communities

City

Villages

Townships

Bond County is divided into these nine townships:

Politics

Bond is a strongly Republican county. Only two Democrats have gained an absolute majority of the county's vote since at least 1880 – Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1932 and Lyndon Johnson in 1964.

Presidential elections results
Presidential elections results[17]
Year Republican Democratic Third parties
2020 69.1% 5,625 28.1% 2,288 2.9% 232
2016 64.6% 4,888 27.3% 2,068 8.1% 614
2012 55.5% 4,095 41.0% 3,020 3.5% 260
2008 49.6% 3,947 48.3% 3,843 2.1% 170
2004 55.2% 4,068 43.8% 3,228 1.0% 73
2000 54.1% 3,804 43.5% 3,060 2.4% 168
1996 43.3% 3,018 46.1% 3,213 10.6% 739
1992 36.0% 2,715 45.4% 3,428 18.6% 1,405
1988 50.8% 3,608 48.7% 3,459 0.5% 38
1984 59.5% 4,240 40.3% 2,870 0.3% 21
1980 58.4% 4,398 37.6% 2,834 4.0% 300
1976 49.7% 3,716 49.2% 3,682 1.1% 80
1972 62.3% 4,475 37.6% 2,704 0.1% 4
1968 52.8% 3,674 36.2% 2,516 11.0% 763
1964 44.5% 3,058 55.5% 3,815
1960 60.0% 4,297 39.9% 2,856 0.1% 9
1956 60.4% 4,342 39.4% 2,834 0.2% 11
1952 62.0% 4,565 37.7% 2,776 0.2% 18
1948 53.0% 3,438 43.8% 2,837 3.2% 208
1944 58.2% 3,907 38.9% 2,607 2.9% 194
1940 57.4% 4,754 40.8% 3,376 1.9% 155
1936 51.6% 4,046 45.2% 3,541 3.2% 249
1932 45.6% 3,171 52.2% 3,630 2.3% 157
1928 64.1% 4,160 35.4% 2,298 0.6% 36
1924 56.9% 3,644 33.5% 2,143 9.7% 620
1920 64.7% 3,662 27.1% 1,533 8.3% 468
1916 54.0% 3,626 39.5% 2,652 6.5% 436
1912 33.6% 1,152 37.2% 1,278 29.2% 1,003
1908 53.7% 2,143 36.7% 1,465 9.6% 384
1904 55.9% 2,055 32.9% 1,210 11.3% 414
1900 53.9% 2,101 41.8% 1,629 4.3% 168
1896 53.0% 1,967 44.8% 1,664 2.2% 83
1892 50.3% 1,659 40.2% 1,328 9.5% 314

See also
  • National Register of Historic Places listings in Bond County, Illinois

References
  1. "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 7, 2011. Retrieved July 3, 2014.
  2. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  3. Allan H. Keith, Historical Stories: About Greenville and Bond County, IL. Consulted on August 15, 2007.
  4. "Several Stops On 'Underground Railroad' In Bond County". Greenville Advocate. November 11, 2008.
  5. "Liberty Bell Attracts Crowd in Greenville During 1915 Stop". Greenville Advocate. July 3, 2007.
  6. "Obama Visited Cafe in 2004". Greenville Advocate. November 11, 2008.
  7. "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved July 11, 2015.
  8. "Monthly Averages for Greenville, Illinois". The Weather Channel. Retrieved January 27, 2011.
  9. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved November 7, 2019.
  10. "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 3, 2014.
  11. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved July 3, 2014.
  12. "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 3, 2014.
  13. "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 3, 2014.
  14. "DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved July 11, 2015.
  15. "DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved July 11, 2015.
  16. "DP03 SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved July 11, 2015.
  17. Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved October 29, 2018.

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