British Columbia Highway 1

Highway 1 is the main route of the Trans-Canada Highway (TCH) through British Columbia, Canada. Its total accumulated distance through British Columbia is 1,039 km (646 mi), including the distance travelled on ferries. It is the westernmost portion of the "Highway 1" designation of the TCH through Western Canada, which extends to the ManitobaOntario boundary. The section of Highway 1 in the Lower Mainland is the second-busiest freeway in Canada, after the section of Ontario Highway 401 in Toronto.

Highway 1
Trans-Canada Highway
A map of southern British Columbia with Hwy 1 highlighted in red
Route information
Length1,047 km (651 mi)
Existed1961–present
Vancouver Island section
Length116 km (72 mi)
South endDallas Road in Victoria
Major
junctions
North end Departure Bay Ferry Terminal
Mainland section
Length877 km (545 mi)
West end Horseshoe Bay Ferry Terminal
Major
junctions
East endAlberta border at Kicking Horse Pass
continues as Hwy 1 (TCH)
Highway system
British Columbia provincial highways
Hwy 395 Hwy 1A

Vancouver Island section

The beginning of Hwy 1 at the Mile Zero monument in Victoria
Vancouver Island section

The Vancouver Island branch of Highway 1, known locally as the Island Highway (a name shared with Highway 19), is the main thoroughfare on the south Island. The highway was first given the "1" designation in 1941, and originally went from Victoria to Kelsey Bay, a small coastal community north of Campbell River. Highway 1 on the Island was shortened to terminate in the downtown core of the city of Nanaimo in 1953, with the section north of Nanaimo being re-numbered 19. When BC Ferries took over the ferry route between Departure Bay in Nanaimo and Horseshoe Bay in West Vancouver in 1961, Highway 1 on the Island was extended to the Departure Bay ferry dock. This section of Highway 1 is a heavily signalized 4 lane route for the most part. Travellers between Victoria and Vancouver can save considerable time taking the ferry to Tsawwassen and driving the South Fraser Perimeter Road to connect back to Highway 1.

Route details

The Island section of Highway 1, which is 116 kilometres (72 mi) in total length, begins at the intersection of Douglas Street and Dallas Road in Victoria, where a large "mile zero" sign is erected. Highway 1 proceeds north through the city of Victoria as an urban arterial street for 4 kilometres (2.5 mi), passing by the southern terminus of Highway 17, before leaving the city at Tolmie Avenue. Once out of Victoria there are two at grade intersections at Boleskine Rd and Tillicum Rd.

Highway 1 then continues on a 12 km (7.5 mi) long four to six lane freeway, with seven interchanges along its length, one of which leads to the start of Highway 14. The freeway segment ends at the signalized intersection with Westshore Parkway. After the Westshore Parkway intersection, the highway narrows to two lanes as it enters Goldstream Provincial Park. The highway from this point is known locally as Malahat Drive.

From the southern entrance to Goldstream Provincial Park, the Malahat section of Highway 1, which is known for its steep grades, goes north for 20 km (12 mi). It follows the Goldstream River through the park to the west shore of Finlayson Arm, becomes three lanes on its exit from the park, and passes through the community of Malahat proper, as well as the Malahat Summit, the highest point on the Island section of Highway 1 at 352 m (1,155 ft), en route. The Malahat portion of the highway is a mix of 2, 3 and 4 lane cross-sections. The section between Tunnel Hill and Shawnigan Lake Road is four lanes. 65 per cent of the Malahat highway is divided with concrete median. The Malahat section ends when it reaches the community of Mill Bay.

In Mill Bay, Highway 1 once again widens out into four lanes (with an interchange at Mill Bay Road at Bamberton), then passes through signalized intersections at Butterfield Road, Frayne Road and Deloume Road. Highway 1 then travels north through a gauntlet of 15 traffic lights for 29 km (18 mi). These provide access to Shawnigan Lake (stoplights at Shawnigan Lake-Mill Bay Road), Cobble Hill (Cobble Hill Road, Hutchinson Road and Fisher Road), Cowichan Bay (Cowichan Bay Road, Koksilah Road, and Bench Road) and Duncan (closely spaced signals at Allenby Road, Boys Road, Trunk Road, Coronation Avenue, James Street, Beverly Street, Green Road, and Drinkwater Road). Next is a signalized junction with Highway 18. The highway then proceeds north for 10 km (6.2 mi) through stoplights at Mays Road and Mount Sicker Road to a signalized intersection at Henry Road serving Chemainus.

From the Chemainus junction, Highway 1 travels 11 km (6.8 mi) northwest to the city of Ladysmith accessed by intersections with traffic lights at Davis Road, Roberts Street, and Ludlow Road. It then continues northwest for another 13 km (8.1 mi) through signalized junctions at Oyster Sto-Lo Road, Cedar Road, Timberlands Road, and Spitfire Way, the last of which provides access to Nanaimo Airport. The highway then reaches an unsignalized junction at Cassidy. Immediately after crossing a bridge over the Nanaimo River, there is an interchange with Nanaimo River Road. There is then a signalized intersection at Morden Road. Highway 1 enters the City of Nanaimo about 6 km (3.7 mi) north of Cassidy, where Highway 19 merges at an interchange onto the highway from the B.C. Ferry terminal at Duke Point. The two highways follow a short freeway that reaches 7 lanes at its widest point. It runs another 2 km (1.2 mi) north to a point where Highways 1 and 19 split off at a junction with Cedar Road. Highway 19 proceeds northwest to bypass Nanaimo, while Highway 1 continues north through the city of Nanaimo for 7 km (4.3 mi) to the B.C. Ferry terminal at Departure Bay, where the Island section of Highway 1 terminates.

Highway 1 then enters Departure Bay via ferry, turning east-northeast to enter the Strait of Georgia just north of Newcastle Island. The downtown core of Vancouver comes into view as the route approaches the entrance to Howe Sound. The highway then turns north-northeast just west of Passage Island to enter Queen Charlotte Channel, then rounds the Whytecliff Peninsula to enter the Horseshoe Bay ferry terminal, 57 km (31 nmi) from the Departure Bay dock.

Lower Mainland section

Highway 1 through Metro Vancouver and the Fraser Valley, highlighted in red.
Ferry traffic on Highway 1 at the Horseshoe Bay Ferry Terminal.
Ironworkers Memorial Second Narrows Crossing
Highway 1 as it enters Vancouver from Burnaby.

Like its Island section, the Highway on the Lower Mainland was first given the "1" designation in 1941. Highway 1's original alignment started out within the city limits of Vancouver, and followed Kingsway from Vancouver to Surrey, and then went along the Fraser Highway to Clearbrook. From Chilliwack, the highway originally went to Rosedale, which is a community just east of Chilliwack, along Yale Road, then along Flood-Hope Road to where it picks up its current alignment just across the Fraser River from Hope.

In 1959, Highway 1 was given an extension from within Vancouver to Horseshoe Bay by way of the Lions' Gate Bridge and Taylor Way in West Vancouver. In 1962, the section between Clearbrook and Chilliwack was re-routed to a new expressway.

In 1964, the Clearbrook–Rosedale section of Highway 1 was restored to its original alignment. Also in that year, a new expressway (or "freeway"), originally designated as Highway 401, opened up on Highway 1's current alignment between West Vancouver and Rosedale. The expressway became part of Highway 1 in 1973.

In 1986, Highway 1 between Chilliwack and Hope was improved to a freeway. Through the 1990s, all signals and intersections on Highway 1 through Greater Vancouver were removed, making the entire section of Highway 1 between Horseshoe Bay and Hope a freeway.

On June 9, 2011, Highway 1 between 152 Street in Surrey and Highway 11 in Abbotsford was designated as the Highway of Heroes.[1]

Route details

Highway 1's total length in the Lower Mainland is 170 km (110 mi). On the Mainland, the highway begins at the Horseshoe Bay ferry terminal in West Vancouver. From here to the Ironworkers Memorial Second Narrows Crossing, the highway is known locally as the Upper Levels Highway. There are nine interchanges on the 14 km (8.7 mi) stretch of the Highway within West Vancouver. The first interchange east of Horseshoe Bay brings Highway 99 onto a common alignment with Highway 1. After Taylor Way, where Highway 99 takes the exit off Highway 1, the highway crosses over the Capilano River into the District of North Vancouver. Highway 1 travels for 9 km (5.6 mi) through the District and the City of North Vancouver, passing through seven interchanges, until crossing the 1,292 m (4,239 ft) long Ironworkers Memorial Second Narrows Crossing over the Burrard Inlet into Vancouver. (The bridge, previously known as the Second Narrows Bridge, was renamed to commemorate the 27 workers who lost their lives during its construction.) This section of freeway is old and substandard lacking shoulders and proper merging lanes from on ramps.

British Columbia Highway 1 near Brentwood, Burnaby.
The new Port Mann Bridge, crossing the Fraser River

The 4-kilometre-long (2.5 mi) long stretch of Highway 1 through the eastern part of Vancouver is the only freeway within Vancouver's city limits. Highway 1 from Vancouver to Surrey is the busiest segment of the entire freeway in the Lower Mainland. In Vancouver, Highway 1 travels through the Cassiar Tunnel and passes through three interchanges leading to Downtown before crossing into Burnaby at the interchange with Boundary Road. The Burnaby stretch of Highway 1 is 11 km (6.8 mi) long, and goes through four interchanges around the city centre before proceeding into Coquitlam. The Coquitlam stretch is the widest segment in Western Canada of Highway 1. It lasts 7 km (4.3 mi), with two interchanges along its length, the westernmost of them also connecting to New Westminster. The easternmost interchange on Highway 1 in Coquitlam, known as the Cape Horn Interchange, leads to Highway 7 and Highway 7B. Leaving Coquitlam, Highway 1 crosses the Fraser River over the Port Mann Bridge into Surrey.

Sections of Highway 1 from Grandview Highway in Vancouver to 208 Street in Langley vary from being 3 to 4 lanes in each direction and shortens to two lanes after leaving Langley (Metro Vancouver) and enters Abbotsford (Fraser Valley). With one of these lanes being a high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lane. These HOV lanes were constructed in 1998 as part of the BC MOT's "Go Green" project to promote the use of HOV vehicles, and cost $62 million.[2]

In Surrey, Highway 1 has five interchanges - 152 St (accessed by getting in rightmost lanes before the Port Mann Bridge eastbound), 156 St (HOV only), 160 St/104 Ave, one that connects to Highway 15 and Highway 17, and 192 St (eastbound exit/westbound entrance only). 12 km (7.5 mi) east of the Highway's entry into Surrey, the Highway crosses into the Township of Langley. There are five interchanges on Highway 1 in its 18-kilometre-long (11 mi) stretch through Langley. One leads to 200 St, Langley's major thoroughfare, an HOV-only interchange leads to 202 St, the next one is a recently completed connection to 216 St. After passing 216th the highways leaves the urbanized area and passes through the more rural parts of Langly, at that point the highway narrows from 3 to 2 lanes in each direction. Proceeding in a straight line Hwy 1 passes for long stretches between two more interchanges, a full cloverleaf interchange at Highway 10, and another full cloverleaf at Highway 13. The Hwy 10 and 13 interchanges are the only full cloverleaf interchanges still in use in all of B.C. The section of freeway between Abbotsford and the Langley urban area is prone to chronic traffic congestion due to the reduced number of lanes (4 total instead of 6), the large amount of semi trucks that travel this section and the lack of a nearby alternative route. On summer weekends or during rushhour the traffic on this stretch is often reduced to stop and go due to sheer traffic volume. Even at non peak hours this stretch can experience dense traffic forcing drivers to travel under 50 km/h.

Highway 1 then crosses from Metro Vancouver into the Fraser Valley Regional District upon entry into Abbotsford. There are six interchanges on Highway 1 in its 33-kilometre-long (21 mi) stretch through Abbotsford, one of which leads to Highway 11. Once Highway 1 leaves Abbotsford, it crosses over the Vedder Canal into Chilliwack. The highway goes through Chilliwack for 24 km (15 mi), passing through six interchanges within the city (Yale Road West, Lickman Road, Evans Road, Vedder Road, Prest Road, and Annis Road). An exit to Young Road is also available westbound on the highway.

Fraser Canyon along British Columbia Highway #1 between Hope and Yale

2 km (1.2 mi) after leaving Chilliwack, Highway 1 reaches an interchange with Highway 9. East of the Highway 9 interchange, Highway 1 hugs the south bank of the Fraser River for 35 km (22 mi), passing through seven interchanges until reaching the interchange with Highway 3 at Hope, British Columbia. Highway 1 takes the exit off the freeway at this point. (The freeway alignments of Highways 3 and 5 continue from this exit, from Exit 170 Highway 5 continues as a freeway until it meets up again with Highway 1 just west of Kamloops at Exit 362.) The vast majority of traffic travelling between Hope and Kamloops follows Highway 5 as it takes over an hour and a half less time to travel when compared to following Highway 1, and that Highway 5 is a controlled-access freeway. As Highway 1 leaves the freeway it drops from a total of 4 lanes to 2.

Interior section

Highway 1 just east of Kamloops heading westbound.

In the Kootenays, Highway 1 originally went around the Rogers Pass (British Columbia) area in its section from Revelstoke to Golden along what was known as the Big Bend Highway. In 1962, the section of Highway between Revelstoke and Golden was re-routed through Rogers Pass. This realignment reduced the travelling distance between the two towns by more than 160 km (99 mi). Over the 1970s and 1980s, Highway 1's alignment between Hope and Cache Creek underwent a massive overhaul, including new tunnels and river spans. In Kamloops, a new bypass was constructed to re-route traffic on Highway 1 around the downtown area of the city. The highway climbs over 4 passes and summits between the Fraser Valley and Alberta, Eagle Pass (557m), Rogers Pass (1330m), Kimbasket Summit (1095m) and Kicking Horse Pass (1627m).

Route details

The Interior section of Highway 1 is 704 km (437 mi) long accounting for over 70 percent of the length of B.C Highway 1. For most of the route it roughly follows the path of the Canadian Pacific Railway. After leaving the freeway, Highway 1 crosses through the town centre of Hope for 2 km (1.2 mi) before heading north across the Fraser River. At this point, Highway 1 becomes two lanes. 1 km (0.62 mi) north of the Fraser crossing, Highway 1 reaches its east junction with Highway 7. Continuing from the Highway 7 junction, Highway 1 enter the Fraser Canyon and travels for 106 km (66 mi) north on a route that includes seven mountain tunnels, past the communities of Yale, Spuzzum and Boston Bar, before reaching its junction with Highway 12 at Lytton. Leaving the Fraser River, and following the Thompson River another 37 km (23 mi) northeast, Highway 1 reaches a junction with another numbered route, Highway 8. 38 km (24 mi) north of the Highway 8 junction, Highway 1 passes through a junction with Highway 97C. Continuing 5 km (3.1 mi) north, the highway reaches the community of Cache Creek, where Highway 97 merges onto the Trans-Canada from the north.

East of Cache Creek, Highways 1 and 97 proceed on their common alignment for 72 km (45 mi), passing through Savona en route to Kamloops. Highway 5 merges onto the Trans-Canada from the south at this point, returning the freeway to Highway 1.

The 1/97/5 concurrency proceeds east for 12 km (7.5 mi) as a freeway through the western part of Kamloops to where Highway 5 diverges north which marks the end of the freeway. Highways 1 and 97 then pass through six sets of signal lights in 7 km (4.3 mi) before exiting Kamloops to the east. That 7 km stretch is often one of the most congested areas on the interior section of Hwy 1 due to the signal lights and Kamloops rush hour traffic, there are currently no plans to address this gap in the freeway. The Freeway resumes to the east of Kamloops and continues for another 19 km (12 mi) to Monte Creek, where Highway 97 diverges south from Highway 1 and the freeway ends, however despite having at grade intersections, there are no signal lights until Salmon Arm. The divided highway continues for another 19 km (12 mi) where it ends and becomes a two-lane undivided route. For the next 58 km (36 mi) east, Highway 1 takes a winding two-lane route through the communities of Pritchard, Chase and Sorrento with the occasional passing lane. In several locations it travels right next to the shore of Shuswap Lake, Little Shushwap Lake and the South Thompson River. The highway widens to a modern four lane alignment just east of Sorrento for 11 km (6.8 mi) before it reverts back to a narrow 2 lane cross section for the final stretch to the city of Salmon Arm on Shuswap Lake. Eight sets of lights and a 50 km/h speed limit slowly moves traffic through the city center. Highway 97B meets Highway 1 three kilometres east of Salmon Arm's city centre.

The peak of Rogers Pass

After Salmon Arm, Highway 1 continues east, still as a narrow two-lane winding highway for 31 km (19 mi) to a signalized junction with Highway 97A at Sicamous, taking a route above the south shore of the Salmon Arm of Shuswap Lake for most of this stretch.

For the next 71 km (44 mi) between Sicamous and Revelstoke the highway travels over the first major pass, Eagle Pass, which is a relatively low and gradual climb compared to what is farther west. The highway first continues relatively straight through and agricultural area in the Eagle River Valley past the communities of Malakwa and Craigellachie crossing the Eagle River several times. It widens to modern four lanes cross section twice in this section, first for a 3km stretched followed shortly afterwards by an 11 km stretch. After returning to two lanes the Highway climbs out of the flats into a narrow and curvy valley through the Monashee Mountains. The arrow valley passes many lakes the largest being at Three Valley Gap. The steep valley walls mean that this section is often subject to avalanche closures in the winter. It then crosses Eagle Pass and relatively quickly seconds down into the Columbia Valley. It then reaches a signalized junction with Highway 23 at Revelstoke, on the Columbia River.

The next 148 km (92 mi) of Highway 1 to Golden winds east through wild Mount Revelstoke National Park and Glacier National Park, where Rogers Pass is located. The highway climbs rather gradually at first passing through both parks and an area known as Albert Canyon. However right before Rogers Pass the road goes around a sharp corner and approaches an extremely steep grade. Prior to this corner being twinned it was an extremely dangerous spot as vehicles going down hill often lost control slid into oncoming traffic. Trucks often navigate this area going as slow as 10km/h in order to manage the climb or safely descend in control. The area on top of the pass is very scenic and grizzly bears are commonly spotted. After passing thorough the several snow sheds the highway descends down a long but more gentle hill into the Beaver River Valley. The highway then travels relatively straight until it leaves Glacier National Park. There it climbs steadily over a long distance to Kimbasket Summit. Although it continues at a high altitude for a long distance it soon abruptly drops into the Columbia River Valley. When approaching from the east this is the longest steep climb on the whole Trans Canada highway being 4 kilometres long bringing semi trucks are forced to crawl. It then crosses the Colombia River and passes through he ghost town of Donald .Motorists are advised to check their fuel level as they are leaving either Revelstoke or Golden as there are no refuelling facilities between the two towns. With the exception of two small 2 km long 4 lane divided fragments, this section of the Hwy 1 is almost exclusively an undivided 2-lane road with climbing lanes in steep areas. Accidents are common on this section especially in the winter, dangerous yellow line passing, excessive speeding, animals crossing the road and icy conditions contribute to the high collision rate. Since this section passes through a remote area there is little cell reception between Revelstoke and Golden. Avalanches in areas where there are no snowsheds lead to frequent road closures while crews clear or blast avalanches after a storm, closures can last anywhere between a few hours to a few days.

Highway 1 crossing the Park Bridge in the Kicking Horse Canyon

Highway 1 passes over the Columbia River again at Donald, and then reaches its junction with Highway 95 at Golden. The 23 km (14 mi) Kicking Horse Canyon stretch of Hwy 1 between Golden and the boundary of Yoho National Park was one of the most treacherous stretches of highway in North America. Recent improvements starting in the early 2000s upgraded the majority of this section to a modern 4 lane highway by a blasting a cleft in a mountain and building several large bridge spans, the largest being the Park Bridge. This was a major safety improvement, as well as cutting travel times through the canyon by about half. As of 2020, all but 4 km of the 23 km canyon section has been upgraded. However, the final 4 km still remains one of the most dangerous highways in BC, being a narrow 2 lane winding route hugging a cliff edge with extremely steep grades and average travel speeds of about 40 km/h. Rockfalls, avalanches and accidents frequently close this 4 km section. Upgrading this final section to a modern 4 lane standard is expected to be complete by 2024.[3] The Kicking Horse Canyon is considered by many to be most scenic section of the entire highway. Bighorn sheep and mountain goats frequent this section. To address this issue, wildlife fences and overpasses are included in all the new 4 lane sections. After exiting the canyon Highway 1 enters Yoho Park where it returns to a 2 lane cross section with the occasional passing lane and climbs along the Kicking Horse rRver arriving at the community of Field. Highway 1 then climbs up the Big Hill towards the Continental Divide at Kicking Horse Pass. At the top of the hill it widens to 4 lanes and skirts the edge of Wapta Lake. It soon crosses over into Alberta at the pass itself where a rest area is located. The 4 lane highway continues towards Banff and Calgary as Alberta Highway 1

Future

The Interior section of Highway 1 is considered sub-standard when compared to other highways with similar traffic volume in the U.S. or other parts of Canada. The majority of the route is a dangerous, undivided two-lane highway with sharp corners, prone to frequent closures and accidents. To address this, the Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure has undertaken an effort to twin the highway to four-lane 100 km/h standards between Kamloops and Alberta, with a targeted completion date of 2050. Several stretches of four-lane divided highway, including the Monte Creek to Pritchard section; the four-lane portions of the Kicking Horse Canyon, the 13 km-long passing lanes near Blind Bay, and many smaller four-lane divided fragments typically 2–4 km in length, are the results of this effort. As of 2020, about 25 percent of the highway between Alberta and Kamloops has been upgraded to a divided four-lane cross-section. Several new projects have been funded in the latest budget cycle, including the following:

  • A new 4.9 km-long four-lane divided section around Chase, involving the construction of an interchange at the town;
  • A new interchange and twinned highway at the West entrance of Salmon Arm;
  • A new four-lane bridge across the Shuswap River in Sicamous;
  • A new rest area and a 2 km-long four-lane section in the Illecillewaet Valley;
  • A 4.4 km-long twinning near Quartz Creek east of Golden;
  • And upgrading the remaining 4 km-long stretch of two-lane highway in the Kicking Horse Canyon.

All of this is expected to be constructed over the next 3 years.[4]

Major intersections

Regional DistrictLocationkm[5]miExitDestinationsNotes
CapitalVictoria0.000.00Dallas RoadWestern terminus and mile zero of Trans-Canada Highway; south end of Douglas Street
1.200.75 Blanshard Street (Hwy 17) Sidney, Airport (YYJ), FerriesNorthbound right-in/right-out; BC Ferries to Vancouver (Tsawwassen) and Gulf Islands
1.300.81 Belleville Street (Hwy 17) FerriesBlack Ball Ferries to Port Angeles; Victoria Clipper passenger ferry to Seattle
2.101.30Johnson StreetOne-way eastbound; access from Johnson Street Bridge
2.201.37Pandora AvenueOne-way westbound; access to Johnson Street Bridge
3.101.93Bay Street
3.402.11Gorge Road, Hillside Avenue, Government StreetFormer Hwy 1A north
↑ / ↓4.502.80Tolmie Avenue
North end of City of Victoria jurisdiction
Saanich5.103.17Saanich Road, Boleskine RoadNorth end of Douglas Street
6.444.00Tillicum RoadAt-grade intersection, signalized
6.794.227Burnside Road, Interurban RoadSouthbound exit only; exit number out of sequence
7.524.676 McKenzie Avenue (Hwy 17 east) / Admirals Road Sidney, Airport, FerriesMcKenzie Avenue Interchange [6]
South end of freeway
View Royal9.595.968Helmcken RoadHelmcken Road Interchange
11.307.0210Colwood (Island Highway, Burnside Road)Colwood Interchange
Northbound exit, southbound entrance; former Hwy 1A south
12.247.6111Colwood (Six Mile Road)Thetis Interchange
Southbound exit, northbound entrance
Langford15.299.5014 Hwy 14 west (Veterans Memorial Parkway) / Millstream Road Highlands, Sooke, Port RenfrewMillstream Road Interchange
15.949.9015McCallum RoadNorthbound exit only
16.7710.4216Leigh Road/Bear Mountain ParkwayBear Mountain Interchange
18.2911.36North limit of freeway
(18)Westshore Parkway
Cowichan Valley37.8823.54(38) Mill Bay Road Ferry, Brentwood BayBamberton Interchange
40.9525.45Butterfield Road
Mill Bay42.6826.52Frayne Road
43.9327.30  Brentwood Ferry
44.4727.63Shawnigan / Mill Bay Road Shawnigan Lake
45.3128.15Cobble Hill Road, Kilmalu Road
48.1729.93Hutchinson Road Cobble Hill, Arbutus Ridge
49.5530.79Fisher Road
51.3631.91Cobble Hill Road, Cowichan Bay Road Cobble Hill, Cowichan Bay
55.2434.32Koksilah Road
57.3135.61Bench Road
59.1936.78Wilson Road, Cowichan Bay Road Cowichan Bayno left turns onto highway
Cowichan First Nation
(Koksilah)
61.0137.91Allenby Road, Chaster Road
61.5638.25Boys Road
Duncan62.3538.74Trunk Road – City Centre, Maple Bay
62.5638.87Coronation Street
North Cowichan62.9539.12James Street
63.6639.56Beverley Street
65.7440.85Drinkwater Road
67.2441.78 Hwy 18 west / Herd Road Lake Cowichan
69.4143.13Mays Road
74.0446.01 Mount Sicker Road (Hwy 1A north) Crofton, Saltspring IslandHwy 1A is unsigned
78.4248.73 Henry Road Chemainus, Thetis Island, Penelakut Island
Ladysmith84.8552.72Thicke Road, Edgelow Road
88.1954.80Chemainus Road, Davis Road (Hwy 1A south)Hwy 1A is unsigned
90.2356.07Roberts Street, Transfer Beach Boulevard
91.1656.64First Avenue
Stz'uminus First Nation94.1358.49Oyster Sto'Lo Road
96.5459.99Cedar Road Yellow Point, Cedar
NanaimoCassidy98.0260.91Timberlands RoadAt-grade intersection, signalized
98.9861.50 Spitfire Way Airport (YCD)
101.3862.99(102)Nanaimo River Road, Fry RoadNanaimo River Road Interchange
103.5264.32Morden Road
Nanaimo105.7565.717[lower-alpha 1]
(106)
Hwy 19 east Duke Point ferry terminalDuke Point Interchange
South end of Hwy 19 concurrency; BC Ferries to Vancouver (Tsawwassen)
107.6966.929[lower-alpha 2]
(108)
Hwy 19 north (Nanaimo Parkway) / Cedar Road Parksville, Campbell RiverNorth end of Hwy 19 concurrency
Partial-at grade intersection with northbound flyover to Hwy 19 north.
108.1367.19Cranberry Avenue
108.4867.4110th Street, Maki Road
112.3569.81 Front Street Gabriola Island
113.3370.42Comox Road
113.6170.59Stewart Avenue
 Terminal Avenue to Hwy 19A north Parksville, Campbell River
Hwy 1 branches northeast.
115.6771.87 Hwy 19A north (Brechin Road) Parksville
Departure Bay ferry terminal
Strait of Georgia BC Ferries from Departure Bay to Horseshoe Bay
Metro VancouverWest Vancouver0.000.00 To Hwy 101 north Gibsons, Powell RiverAccess via BC ferries; westbound access only
Horseshoe Bay ferry terminal
0.350.22Keith RoadAt-grade intersection, no westbound entrance
West end of freeway.
0.610.380Marine DriveHorseshoe Bay Interchange
Eastbound exit only
1.841.142Eagleridge Drive to Marine DriveSquamish Interchange
Eastbound exit only; eastbound access to Hwy 99
westbound access via Hwy 99
2.211.373 Hwy 99 north (Sea to Sky Highway) Squamish, WhistlerEagle Ridge Interchange
Westbound exit, eastbound entrance; west end of Hwy 99 concurrency
Hwy 1 westbound diverges from Hwy 99 at Exit 3.
4.292.674Woodgreen Drive, Headland Drive
6.954.327Wentworth Avenue, Westmount Road
8.545.318Cypress Bowl RoadTo Cypress Mountain Ski Area
9.946.181022nd StreetEastbound exit only
10.596.581021st Street, Westhill DriveNo eastbound exit
11.467.121115th Street
13.158.1713 Taylor Way (Hwy 99 south) Vancouver, AirportEast end of Hwy 99 concurrency; former Hwy 1A east; to Lions Gate Bridge and Downtown Vancouver
North Vancouver (District)14.599.0714Capilano RoadTo Grouse Mountain
15.519.6415Lloyd AvenueWestbound right-in/right-out
North Vancouver (City)16.7510.4117Westview Drive
17.9211.1318Lonsdale Avenue
North Vancouver (District)19.4012.0519Lynn Valley Road
21.3713.2821Mountain Highway
22.1713.7822Mount Seymour Parkway, Lillooet Road
22.8814.2223Main Street, Dollarton HighwaySigned as exits 23A (Main Street) and 23B (Dollarton Highway) from Hwy 1 west
↑ / ↓23.09–
24.42
14.35–
15.17
Ironworkers Memorial Second Narrows Crossing over Burrard Inlet
Vancouver25.0315.5525McGill Street
26Hastings StreetEastbound exit and westbound entrance; exits onto Cassiar Connector; former Hwy 7A
25.39–
26.13
15.78–
16.24
Cassiar Tunnel
26.3216.3526Hastings StreetWestbound exit and eastbound entrance; exits onto Cassiar Connector; former Hwy 7A
27.0616.81271st Avenue, Rupert Street
↑ / ↓28.0217.4128Boundary RoadEastbound exit to southbound Boundary Road and westbound entrance from northbound Boundary Road
Burnaby28.4417.6728AGrandview HighwayWestbound exit and eastbound entrance
28BGrandview HighwayHOV-only interchange (left exit/entrance), westbound exit and eastbound entrance
West end of HOV lanes
29.6418.4229Willingdon Avenue
32.2620.0532Sprott StreetEastbound exit, westbound entrance
33.1120.5733Kensington Avenue, Canada WayNo access from Hwy 1 east to Kensington Avenue north
37.3823.2337Gaglardi WayTo Simon Fraser University
39.1124.3038Government StreetTransit-only interchange (left exit/entrance); westbound exit and eastbound entrance
Coquitlam40.5525.2040Brunette AvenueTo New Westminster and Pattullo Bridge
43.6827.1444 Hwy 7 (Lougheed Highway) Burnaby, Coquitlam City CentreCape Horn Interchange
Hwy 7B east (Mary Hill Bypass) / United Boulevard Maple RidgeEastbound exit and westbound entrance; westbound exit via Hwy 7 east
↑ / ↓44.89–
46.91
27.89–
29.15
Port Mann Bridge over Fraser River
Surrey48.2629.9948152 Street Surrey City CentreEastbound exit and westbound entrance
West end of Highway of Heroes
49.1830.5649156 StreetHOV-only interchange (left exit)
50.1031.1350104 Avenue, 160 Street – Surrey City CentreFormer toll centre for Port Mann Bridge
53.4733.2253 Hwy 15 south (176th Street) USA Border
Hwy 17 west (South Fraser Perimeter Road) Delta, Airport (YVR), Ferries
BC Ferries to Victoria (Swartz Bay) and Nanaimo (Duke Point)
56.7935.2957192 Street north to unsigned Hwy 916Eastbound exit and westbound entrance; no access to/from 192 Street south of interchange; eastbound access to the Golden Ears Bridge
Langley (Township)58.6236.4258200 Street – Langley City Centre to unsigned Hwy 916Westbound access to the Golden Ears Bridge
59.3236.8659202 StreetHOV-only interchange (left exit)[7]
62.1238.6061216 StreetTo Trinity Western University. Opened in September 2020.[7][8]
East end of HOV lanes
65.7340.8466 232 Street (Hwy 10 west) Langley (city), Fort Langley
73.2545.5273 264 Street (Hwy 13 south) Aldergrove, USA Border
Fraser ValleyAbbotsford82.8951.5183 Mount Lehman Road, Fraser Highway Airport (YXX)Former Hwy 1A west
86.6553.8487Clearbrook Road
90.2156.0590McCallum Road
92.9657.7692 Hwy 11 (Sumas Way) Mission, USA BorderClosest the Trans-Canada Highway gets to the US border in Western Canada.
East end of Highway of Heroes
95.5159.3595Whatcom Road
98.9861.5099South Parallel RoadEastbound only
104.5264.95104No 3 Road Yarrow, Cultus Lake
Chilliwack110.1668.45109Yale Road West
116.0572.11116Lickman Road
118.1973.44118Evans RoadEastbound exit, westbound entrance
119.3674.17119Vedder RoadSardis Interchange; former Hwy 1A east
120.5374.89120Young RoadWestbound exit, eastbound entrance
122.7976.30123Prest Road
129.2180.29129Annis Road
135.2984.07135 Hwy 9 north Agassiz, Harrison Hot Springs
138.0785.79138Popkum Road Popkum, Bridal Falls
146.3590.94146Herrling Island
151.5494.16151Peters Road
153.7295.52153Laidlaw Road Jones Lake
Hope160.0999.48160Hunter Creek Road, St. Elmo Road
164.76102.38165Flood-Hope Road – Hope Business Route
167.98104.38168Flood-Hope Road
170.36105.86170 Hwy 3 east (Crowsnest Highway) Princeton, Penticton, Osoyoos
Hwy 5 north (Coquihalla Highway) Merritt, Kelowna, Kamloops
No direct ramp from Hwy 1 west to Hwy 3/5 east; Hwy 1 branches north
East end of freeway • Hwy 1 exits freeway using Exit 170.
171.05106.29Old Hope-Princeton Way (Hwy 915:1300 east)Hwy 915:1300 is unsigned; westbound (southbound) access to Hwy 3 / Hwy 5
172.87107.42Water Avenue Bridge across the Fraser River
174.26108.28 Hwy 7 west (Lougheed Highway) Mission, Maple RidgeHaig interchange
196.72122.24Yale Tunnel
200.70124.71Saddle Rock Tunnel
206.96128.60Sailor Bar Tunnel
214.89133.53Alexandra Bridge across the Fraser River
218.90136.02Alexandra Tunnel
223.58138.93Hell's Gate Tunnel
223.90139.13Ferrabee Tunnel
228.74142.13China Bar Tunnel
Boston Bar236.17146.75Boston Bar Station Road North Bend
Thompson-NicolaLytton279.51173.68 Hwy 12 north Lillooet
Spences Bridge315.11195.80 Hwy 8 east Merritt
315.68196.15Spences New Bridge across the Thompson River
354.17220.07 Cornwall Road (Hwy 926:0901 north) to Hwy 97C AshcroftHwy 926:0901 is unsigned
360.17223.80 Hwy 97C south Ashcroft, Logan Lake, MerrittSouth end of Hwy 97C concurrency
Cache Creek364.35226.40 Hwy 97 north (Cariboo Highway) Prince George
To Hwy 99 Lillooet, Vancouver (scenic route)
Hwy 1 branches east; north end of Hwy 97C concurrency; west end of Hwy 97 concurrency
Savona400.38248.78Savona Bridge (Kamloops Lake Bridge) across the Thompson River
Kamloops436.34271.13West end of freeway • Hwy 1 / Hwy 97 exits freeway using Exit 362.
362 Hwy 5 south (Coquihalla Highway) Merritt, Kelowna, VancouverWest end of Hwy 5 concurrency
440.57273.76366Copperhead Drive, Lac le Jeune Road
442.25274.80367Pacific Way
443.04275.29368 Hwy 5A south / Hillside Way MerrittAberdeen Interchange
444.34276.10369Columbia Street – City CentreSagebrush Interchange
Eastbound exit, westbound entrance
444.92276.46370Summit Drive – City CentreSpringhill Interchange
Westbound exit, eastbound entrance
448.41278.63374 Hwy 5 north (Yellowhead Highway) Sun Peaks, Jasper, EdmontonYellowhead Interchange
East end of Hwy 5 concurrency
448.86278.91375Battle Street – City CentreValleyview Interchange
No eastbound exit
East end of freeway
450.09279.67Vicars Road
451.92280.81Oriole Road
451.73280.69Highland Road
452.47281.15River Road
453.42281.74Tanager Road
454.28282.28Grand Boulevard
457.49284.27384Kipp Road, Dallas Drive, Barnhartvale RoadInterchange
462.14287.16386[lower-alpha 3]
388[lower-alpha 4]
Kokanee WayInterchange
465.83289.45390[lower-alpha 3]
391[lower-alpha 4]
Lafarge RoadInterchange
471.86293.20396[lower-alpha 3]
397[lower-alpha 4]
Hook RoadInterchange; westbound access to Hwy 97 south (U-turn)
474.41294.78399 Hwy 97 south VernonMonte Creek Interchange
East end of Hwy 97 concurrency; no westbound exit
485.72301.81411Pritchard (Pinantan Road, Stoney Flats Road)Interchange
Chase501.68311.73Shuswap Avenue (Business route)Interchange proposed[9]
504.06313.21Shuswap Avenue (Business route)Interchange proposed[9]
Columbia-Shuswap513.21318.89Squilax-Anglemont Road (Hwy 922:0943 north) Adams Lake, Scotch Creek, AnglemontPartially grade separated; Hwy 922:0943 is unsigned
Sorrento522.30324.54Notch Hill Road
Blind Bay528.22328.22Golf Course Drive, Cedar DriveInterchange
531.83330.46Balmoral Road, Notch Hill Road
534.04331.84Broderick Creek Frontage Road, White Creek Frontage RoadGrade separated; right-in/right-out
535.44332.71Broderick Creek Frontage Road, Carlin RoadGrade separated; eastbound right-in/right-out
535.76332.91White Lake RoadGrade separated; westbound right-in/right-out
Salmon Arm551.77342.85Salmon River Road (Hwy 922:1126 south)Hwy 922:1126 is unsigned; interchange proposed[10]
557.49346.4121st Street NEEastbound exit and entrance
557.92346.6811th Avenue NE (to 21st Street NE)Westbound exit and entrance
558.21346.8630th Street NE
559.84347.87 Hwy 97B south Vernon
Sicamous586.68364.55 Hwy 97A south Vernon
Revelstoke656.38407.86 Hwy 23 south Galena Bay, NakuspWest end of Hwy 23 concurrency
656.93408.20Revelstoke Bridge across the Columbia River
657.39408.48Victoria Road – City Centre
657.82408.75 Hwy 23 north Mica CreekEast end Hwy 23 concurrency
658.73409.32Meadows-in-the-Sky Parkway Mount Revelstoke National ParkInterchange
Mount Revelstoke
National Park
675.38–
687.60
419.66–
427.25
Passes through Mount Revelstoke National Park
Columbia-Shuswap703.17436.93Jack MacDonald Snowshed
704.02437.46Twins Snowshed
704.78437.93Lanark Snowshed
Glacier
National Park
705.41438.32West end of Glacier National Park
725.27450.66Rogers Pass – 1,330 m (4,360 ft)
729.56453.33Bench Snowshed
730.46453.89Len's Snowshed
730.96454.20Tupper #1 Snowshed
731.75454.69Tupper #2 Snowshed
732.33455.05Tupper Timber Snowshed
749.90465.97East end of Glacier National Park
Columbia-ShuswapEast end of Pacific Time Zone • West end of Mountain Time Zone
779.63484.44Donald Bridge across the Columbia River
Golden806.13500.91 Hwy 95 south Radium Hot Springs, CranbrookTo Kicking Horse Resort ski area; interchange proposed[11]
807.53501.78780Golden View Road, Golden Donald Upper Road, Lafontaine RoadInterchange
818.44508.56Park Bridge across the Kicking Horse River
830.22515.87Wapta Road, Beaverfoot RoadInterchange
Yoho
National Park
830.65516.14West end of Yoho National Park
Field860.09534.44Field Access Road
873.42542.72Lake O'Hara RoadFormer Hwy 1A
877.29545.12Kicking Horse Pass – 1,627 m (5,338 ft)
Hwy 1 (TCH) east Banff N.P., Lake Louise, Banff, CalgaryContinental Divide; continues into Alberta
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
() - Exit not officially numbered
  1. BC 19 exit number; southbound only
  2. BC 19 exit number; northbound only
  3. Eastbound exit number
  4. Westbound exit number

See also

References

  1. TranBC (June 9, 2011). "Highway of Heroes". Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure. Government of British Columbia. Retrieved March 9, 2018.
  2. "Frontier to Freeway – A short illustrated history of the roads in British Columbia". British Columbia Ministry of Transportation. Retrieved October 22, 2009.
  3. https://www.kickinghorsecanyon.ca
  4. https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/transportation-projects/highway1-kamloops-alberta
  5. Landmark Kilometre Inventory (PDF). British Columbia Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure (Report). Cypher Consulting. July 2016. pp. 399–402. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 11, 2017. Retrieved March 13, 2017.
  6. Trans-Canada traffic free-flowing at McKenzie interchange
  7. "Highway 1 and 216th Interchange Project". Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure. Province of British Columbia. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
  8. New 216th Street-freeway interchange opens
  9. "Highway 1 - Hoffman's Bluff to Jade Mountain". Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure. Province of British Columbia. Retrieved January 18, 2018.
  10. "Highway 1 - Salmon Arm West". Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure. Province of British Columbia. Retrieved January 18, 2018.
  11. "Phase 3 Design Updated - Highway 95 Interchange" (PDF). Kicking Horse Canyon Project. B.C. Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure. April 15, 2008. Retrieved June 28, 2016.

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