Ontario Highway 69

King's Highway 69, commonly referred to as Highway 69, is a major north–south highway in the central portion of the Canadian province of Ontario, linking the northern terminus of Highway 400 north of Parry Sound with the city of Greater Sudbury at Highway 17. It is part of the Trans-Canada Highway and the National Highway System.

Highway 69
Trans-Canada Highway
Highway 69 highlighted in red
Route information
Maintained by The Ministry of Transportation of Ontario
Length140.3 km[1] (87.2 mi)
ExistedAugust 5, 1936[2]–present
Major junctions
South end Highway 400 near Carling (north of exit 241)
North end Highway 17 in Sudbury
Highway system
← Highway 67→ Highway 71
Former provincial highways
←  Highway 68 Highway 70  →

From its northerly terminus at Sudbury, the highway is a four-lane undivided route running for several kilometres before dividing into a freeway south of Crown Ridge. As of July 2016, this freeway segment extends south 49 km to a point 5 km north of the French River. From there, the route narrows to a two-lane highway to its southerly terminus, located three kilometres north of Highway 559 at Carling. At this terminus, the roadway widens back into a freeway and changes its designation to Highway 400. South of this point, various former alignments of Highway 69 remain in use as directional carriageways of Highway 400 or as local roads. The highway forms part of the Georgian Bay Route of the Trans-Canada Highway, which continues south along Highway 400.

Highway 69 was first designated in 1936 when the Department of Highways (DHO) assumed the Rama Road between Atherley and Washago. This short route was expanded the following year when the DHO merged with the Department of Northern Development and expanded the King's Highway network north of the Severn River. By the beginning of World War II, the route reached as far north as Britt; a separate segment connected the town of Burwash with Sudbury. However, the rationing of labour and materials due to the war effort resulted in these two sections remaining separated until the mid-1950s.

In 1976, several reroutings and renumbering took place in the Muskoka area. As a result, the portion of Highway 69 between Brechin and Foot's Bay was renumbered as Highway 169, while the entirety of Highway 103 between Coldwater and Foot's Bay was renumbered as Highway 69. Until the 1980s, the highway extended through Sudbury to Capreol, but was then truncated at a junction with Highway 17's route through Sudbury along what is now Municipal Road 55; this portion was subsequently truncated again in 1995 upon the completion of the Southwest and Southeast Bypasses, onto which Highway 17 was rerouted. Throughout the 1990s and 2000s, Highway 400 was gradually pushed north to its current terminus by twinning Highway 69, gradually truncating Highway 69's length.

Route description

Highway 69 is a major highway serving the recreational areas surrounding Georgian Bay and the Thirty-Thousand Islands, as well as providing the westernmost fixed connection between southern and northern Ontario; Highway 6 is located further west but requires the use of a ferry service between the Bruce Peninsula and Manitoulin Island. The highway occupies the northern portion of a corridor that connects Toronto to Sudbury, with Highway 400 occupying the southern portion.

As of 2012, the highway begins just north of Exit 241 (Highway 559) on Highway 400. From here the route travels generally northward. Between Nobel and Sudbury, there are no large communities, although numerous small communities lie adjacent to the route, including Shawanaga, Pointe au Baril, Byng Inlet, Britt, Bigwood, Delamere and Estaire. South of Highway 64, the highway widens into a four-lane freeway extending most of the remaining distance to Sudbury, where the divided highway ends just south of Crown Ridge; from this point until the highway's final terminus in Sudbury, it becomes a four-lane undivided highway with a narrow paved median.

Highway 69 bridge over the French River. A new twin span is currently under construction alongside it as part of the 4-laning project. The structure will be preserved after the present highway becomes a local road upon completion of the project.

The highway ends at an interchange with Highway 17 in Sudbury. North of the interchange, the roadway continues north into the urban core of Sudbury as Regent Street/Municipal Road 46.

History

Highway 69 has undergone several major changes during its existence, so much so that the first section designated has not been a King's Highway for 60 years and lay approximately 80 km (50 mi) from the current highway. In other places, a minor two-lane gravel highway has gradually been upgraded to a four-lane freeway. On August 5, 1936, the DHO assumed the Rama Road, connecting Highway 12 at Atherley with Highway 11 at Washago.[2] On March 31, 1937, the Department of Northern Development (DND) was merged into the DHO, allowing the latter to extend the provincial highway network north of the Severn River. Subsequently, through August 1937, Highway 69 was extended 77.75 mi (125.13 km) north to the Naiscoot River, midway between Pointe au Baril and Britt. This extension followed DND trunk routes to Nobel, where a munitions and aircraft factory would soon provide an instrumental role in the war effort. In the north, the road connecting Sudbury and Burwash was also assumed as Highway 69 on August 11. It was intended to connect these two segments over the next several years; however, the outbreak of World War II in September 1939 halted all non-essential construction due to the short supply of labour and materials.

Work resumed during the 1950s to bridge the 60 km (37 mi) gap between the two sections of the highway. In 1954, a further 29 km (18 mi) of roadway north of Britt was assumed as Highway 69. That same year also saw the rerouting of the southern end of the highway; the southern end was moved east from Atherley to Brechin and the Rama Road decommissioned as a King's Highway. The new routing was longer but gave the southern end of the highway a more significant purpose than as a bypass of Highway 11. The Rama Road has since been known as Simcoe County Road 44.

Once the war ended, construction resumed on Highway 69. Paving and extending the road continued, with the first gap (between Britt and Burwash) being closed in 1951. French River would be linked to the provincial roadway network in 1952. This allowed motorists to take a far more direct route between Severn River and Sudbury, by taking advantage of a detour (via Highway 535 and Highway 64, through the small communities of Hagar and Noëlville).

The biggest gap that remained on Highway 69 was between Alban and Burwash, but this was eventually eliminated from 1952 to 1955, when the road was finally completed to provide a third link from Southern Ontario to Northern Ontario (the other two being Highways 11 and 17).

Until Highway 69 between Parry Sound and Sudbury was completed, drivers from Southern Ontario who wanted to reach Sudbury or Sault Ste. Marie had to travel along a rather out-of-the-way routing on Highway 11 to North Bay, and then take Highway 17 westbound into Sudbury and Sault Ste. Marie.

The year 1976 saw big changes for Highway 69. The portion of highway south of MacTier was shifted onto the routing of former Highway 103, completely absorbing that roadway into its length. The former routing was renamed Highway 169. It was at this time that Highway 69 was at its longest, from Highways 12 and 400 near Port Severn to Sudbury.

Until the early 1980s, Highway 69 continued through Sudbury along Regent Street, Paris Street and Notre Dame Avenue, and into the suburban towns of Valley East and Capreol. Although this route is no longer part of the provincial highway, and is officially designated as a series of Sudbury Municipal Roads, it is still often referred to locally as "Highway 69 North".[3]

Since 1989, Highway 400 has been extended gradually northward (at first as a freeway conversion of Highway 69's southernmost portion prior to renumbering) towards Sudbury, and now reaches Nobel.

From 2008 to 2012, however, the Highway 69 designation continued to a southerly terminus at MacTier, rather than Nobel — the two highways shared a routing for 32 kilometres between Nobel and Rankin Lake Road, and then followed separate routes between Rankin Lake Road and Highway 69's southern terminus near MacTier. Signs were posted along this route announcing that the segment from Rankin Lake Road to Mactier would be decommissioned as part of Highway 69 in summer 2012.[4] The route's posted name is now Lake Joseph Road, although it remains part of the provincial highway system under an unsigned 7000-series designation.

Four-laning
Highway 69 looking northerly at Lovering Lake south of Highway 637

Although early planning for an eventual four-lane highway started in 1969, the commitment to expand Highway 69 to a full freeway was originally made in 1991 by the New Democrat government of Bob Rae.[5] Although construction did commence northward from Waubaushene at the highway's southern end, and planning studies were underway on the first 65 kilometres southward from Sudbury,[6] the project was curtailed by the Progressive Conservative government of Mike Harris shortly after the 1995 provincial election,[6] with construction ending at kilometre 225 in Parry Sound.[5]

The city of Sudbury continued to lobby for the highway's expansion, calling attention especially to an ongoing series of fatal car accidents at the intersection of Highway 637, where a sharp S-curve in Highway 69's route rendered the approaching intersection effectively invisible to northbound traffic.[5] Assisted by Rick Bartolucci, the Liberal MPP for Sudbury, the CRASH 69 (Community Rallying Against Substandard Highway 69) committee of Sudbury residents campaigned throughout the late 1990s and early 2000s to have the project reinstated.[5] The revived construction to Sudbury was announced in 2002 by Harris' successor (and former MPP for Parry Sound—Muskoka), Ernie Eves.[5]

In 2004, construction began on the segment from Sudbury southwards to Estaire, and route planning studies were completed for the Estaire to Parry Sound branch. Although the timetable has been subject to change, the four-laned route was scheduled to be completed in its entirety by 2017. Portions of the route will be opened to traffic as construction is completed — the 20 kilometre section south of Sudbury from Crown Ridge to Estaire was opened for traffic on November 12, 2009,[7] and the segment from Highway 559 to Parry Sound opened to traffic on October 26, 2010.[8] The former alignment in Sudbury now has the street name Estaire Road, while the former route through Nobel now has the street name Nobel Road.[9]

In 2008, work began to realign the controversial S-curve at Highway 637. Two lanes opened to traffic on July 27, 2010,[10] and the completed four-lane route with a full highway interchange at Highway 637 opened to traffic on August 8, 2012.[11] The former S-curve alignment now has the name Murdock River Road, and is accessible only from Highway 637 as a local road.

Concurrently with the final stages of construction on Highway 69, the Highway 17 freeway in Sudbury will be extended eastward to the Coniston neighbourhood along the city's Southwest and Southeast Bypasses. In preparation for this latter project, an interchange opened in 2008 at the intersection of Highway 17 and Sudbury's Long Lake Road.

As the Highway 69 route passes through significant tracts of wilderness and forest land, the route has also historically seen a rate of animal collisions well above the provincial norm. Several segments of the four-laned freeway route will include special grade-separated wildlife crossings, the first of which was completed in March 2012.[12]

Schedule

Although the original plan called for the four-laning of the highway to be complete by 2017, delays in environmental assessment and land negotiations with First Nations bands impacted by the construction have led to the timeline being pushed back.[13] In the early 2010s, a widespread perception that the project appeared to be falling behind schedule was frequently discussed in the city's media and by candidates in municipal and provincial elections,[14] but the Ministry of Transportation continued to assert that the project was on track for completion in 2017. In March 2015, the ministry officially acknowledged for the first time that the 2017 timeline would not be met, and indicated that the new target date was between 2019 and 2021.[13] In 2017, however, although the ministry made no formal announcement, its annual Northern Highways Report listed a completion date within that period only for the section already under construction between the French River and Ontario Highway 522 at Grundy Lake Provincial Park, with all of the remaining route between Grundy Lake and Carling listed as "beyond 2021".[15]

Once the four-lane expansion project is complete, the highway will be fully renumbered as Highway 400. Northern sections will retain the 69 designation until the freeway is fully connected.

As of July 3, 2011, the federal government delayed further work from being done on this highway while it completed a screening under the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act; although environmental assessments were already completed on individual portions of the route, a Supreme Court of Canada decision in an unrelated case, MiningWatch v. Minister of Fisheries and Oceans, created a precedent which effectively forced the federal government to rescind these approvals and reassess the project as a whole.[16] As of November 1, 2011, Transport Canada addressed a letter to the Greater Sudbury Chamber of Commerce advising that the reassessment was nearly complete.[17]

The provincial government tendered new contracts in March 2012 for the next phase of construction, from the southern limit of the construction project near Highway 637 to just north of the French River;[18] this segment of the highway opened to traffic in 2016, and the next phase to Grundy Lake is now under construction.

As of February 2018, the MTO still has not concluded a deal with any of the three First Nations along the Highway 69 corridor.[19] In November 2016, the chief of Shawanaga First Nation claimed it had a "trump card" in Highway 69 negotiations and that it would demand a casino for Parry Sound.[20] The February 2018 newsletter for Magnetawan First Nation contained a letter from the First Nation to the Premier of Ontario requesting a "special representative" of the Crown to negotiate.[21] Construction of remaining sections, in addition, could be cancelled again should a new government be elected in Ontario; before the 2014 provincial election, Ontario Progressive Conservative Party leader Tim Hudak expressed inconsistent views about the project, suggesting at some times that his party was committed to completing it but at other times that the project may have to be cancelled depending on provincial finances.[22]

The two-lane segment remains unsafe and vulnerable to closure; most recently, a collision between an SUV and a heavy truck at Shawanaga killed several people and closed the highway for several hours on February 6, 2018.[23]

On August 29, 2018, it was reported that the new Progressive Conservative government has formally included the funding for the construction of the remaining section of Highway 69 in its line-by-line audit of the spending commenced under the previous Liberal government, rendering the future of the entire project in doubt.[24] As of September 2018, construction of a 14-kilometre section between Alban, Ontario and the CN rail line at Highway 522 is still ongoing as its funding was already spent under the previous Liberal government. The PC government, however, has not yet committed to the funding for construction of the remaining 68-kilometre section, which was estimated to be $200 million under previous studies.[25]

Once the current construction project in the French River area is complete, 68 kilometres of the highway will remain to be four-laned.[26] In May 2019, the federal government committed $169 million in funding for the completion of a further 30 kilometres, including the 19.3 km segment from the end of the current project at Highway 522 to Britt and the 11 km segment from Highway 559 to Shawanaga.[27] A formal commencement of construction on these projects has not yet been announced; if and when it is, just 38 kilometres of the highway will remain for further announcements.

On October 21, 2020, traffic in the French River area was diverted from the original route to the new alignment of the four-laned route.[28]

Status of construction activity

(Segments listed north to south)

  • Completed since 2011:
South of Estaire to slightly north of the Murdock River (13 km) - Opened August 8, 2012[11][29]
Includes one interchange, with Highway 637[30]
Slightly north of the Murdock River to slightly north of Highway 64 (9 km) - Completed September 11, 2015[18][29][31][32]
Includes one interchange, with Crooked Lake Road[30]
Slightly north of Highway 64 to slightly north of Highway 607 (11 km) - Completed August 5, 2016[29][31][33][34]
Includes one interchange, with Highway 64 / Daoust Lake Road[35]
Realignment of CN railway near junction with Highway 522 - Completed in 2017[36][37]
Shifting 2.7 km of railway onto a new alignment; enables future construction of interchange with Highway 522 (included in following segment)[38]
  • Currently under construction:
Slightly north of Highway 607 to slightly north of Highway 522 (14 km) - Anticipated completion in 2021[29][31][39]
Includes two interchanges (with Highway 607 / Hartley Bay Road and Pickerel River Road) and two major bridges (over French River and Pickerel River)[35][40][41][42]
  • Engineering and property acquisition:
Slightly north of Highway 522 to southern limit of Magnetawan First Nation (27 km)[29]
Mostly on new alignment; includes three interchanges (with Highway 522, Bekanon Road and Highway 529 [North Jct.]) and bridge over Magnetawan River; crosses territory of Henvey Inlet First Nation and Magnetawan First Nation[38][43]
Southern limit of Magnetawan First Nation to Highway 529 (South Jct.) (14 km)[29]
Includes one interchange, with Harris Lake Road, and bridge over Naiscoot Lake[44]
Highway 529 (South Jct.) to north side of Shawanaga River (11 km)[29]
Includes one interchange, with Highway 529 [South Jct.] / Site 9 Rd., and bypass of Pointe au Baril[45]
North side of Shawanaga River to slightly north of Highway 559 (16 km)[29]
Includes two interchanges (with Shebeshekong Rd. / Site 9 Rd. and Woods Rd.); crosses territory of Shawanaga First Nation[46]

Former segments

Due to the many realignments and modifications that have taken place throughout Highway 69's history, numerous roads which were formerly part of the route of Highway 69 are now in use as parts of other highways or as county or local roads. Some of these routes remain as part of the provincial highway system under unsigned 7000-series designations.

This includes much of the routing of Highway 400 between Waubaushene and Nobel, Highway 529, the former Highway 169 and the following local roads:

  • Lone Pine Road, White Falls Road and Joe King's Road in Georgian Bay
  • Lake Joseph Road in Georgian Bay and Seguin
  • Oastler Park Drive, Louisa Street and Parry Sound Drive in Parry Sound
  • Nobel Road in Nobel
  • Settlers Road in Parry Sound District, Sudbury District
  • Murdock River Road, Burwash Road, Estaire Road and Secord Road in Sudbury District
  • Estaire Road (unsigned Highway 7279), Secord Road, Old Wanup Road (unsigned highway 7042), Bentley Avenue, Old Burwash Road, Algonquin Road and Municipal Roads 46, 80 and 84 in Sudbury

Major junctions

The following table lists the major junctions along Highway 69, as noted by the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario.[1] 

DivisionLocationkm[1]miExitDestinationsNotes
SimcoeWaubaushene147 Highway 400 – Barrie
Highway 12 / TCH – Orillia, Victoria Harbour, Midland,		Terminus of Highway 69 from 1976 until the 1990s
149 County Road 59 (Quarry Road)
Tay Road 2
Port Severn153Port Severn Road South – Port Severn
Muskoka156District Road 5 (Muskoka Road / Port Severn Road North) – Port Severn, Honey Harbour
Georgian Bay162District Road 34 (White's Falls Road)
District Road 48 (South Bay Road) – Severn Falls
North end of original Highway 69 freeway prior to renumbering as Highway 400
–Georgian Bay Road, Crooked Bay Road
–District Road 33 (South Gibson Lake Road)
–District Road 32 (Go Home Lake Road)
District Road 38 – Bala
–Iroquois Cranberry Growers Drive – Wahta Mohawk Territory
–District Road 12 (12 Mile Bay Road)
−58.2−36.2
Highway 400 / TCH – Barrie
Exit 189 (now Lake Joseph Road); was the terminus of Highway 69 from 2008 to 2012.
−53.8−33.4–District Road 11 – MacTier
Foot's Bay−52.1−32.4–District Road 169 east – Bala, GravenhurstFormerly Highway 169
Parry SoundGordon Bay−43.0−26.7– Highway 612 south – MacTier
Seguin– Highway 141 west (to Highway 400)Beginning of Highway 141 concurrency (2003 - 2012).
−32.8−20.4– Highway 141 east – RosseauEnd of Highway 141 concurrency (2003 - 2012). Terminus of Highway 141 prior to 2003.
−30.2−18.8213 Highway 400 / TCHBeginning of Highway 400 concurrency (2003 - 2012).
−27.1−16.8214Seguin Trail, Horseshoe Lake Road
−23.9−14.9217Oastler Park Drive, Badger RoadPrior to 2003, Oastler Park Drive was the alignment of Highway 69.
−20.5−12.7220 Highway 518 (Hunter Drive) – Orrville
Parry Sound−16.9−10.5224Bowes Street, McDougall Road
−14.4−8.9229Parry Sound DriveParry Sound Drive is a former alignment of Highway 69.
McDougall−11.8−7.3231 Highway 124 (Centennial Drive)
−1.3−0.81241 Highway 559 – Killbear Provincial Park
Carling0.00.0
End of divided freeway
Highway 69 continues north
17.210.7–Shebeshekong RoadUnsigned Highway 7182
Pointe Au Baril26.416.4– Highway 644
The Archipelago28.317.6– Highway 529 north
Magnetawan First Nation48.330.0– Highway 529 south
Henvey53.533.2– Highway 526 – Britt
Cranberry66.341.2– Highway 522 – Trout Creek
Bon Air78.648.8–
Sudbury
Bigwood80.950.3– Highway 607
Beginning of divided freeway
Rutter90.356.1– Highway 64 north – Noelville, Sturgeon FallsGrade-separated interchange completed 2016
Unorganized Sudbury District102.063.4–Crooked Lake RoadGrade-separated interchange completed 2015
107.166.5– Highway 637 west – KillarneyGrade-separated interchange opened August 8, 2012.
119.174.0–Nelson Road – Estaire
Greater Sudbury128.179.6– Highway 537
134.083.3–Estaire RoadEstaire Road is a former alignment of Highway 69.
134.583.6
End of divided freeway
140.387.2– Highway 17 / TCH – Sault Ste. Marie, North BayTerminus of Highway 69; roadway continues northerly as Regent Street/Municipal Road 46.
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
  •       Closed/former

References
  1. Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (2016). "Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) counts". Retrieved January 1, 2021.
  2. A.A. Smith (March 31, 1937). "King's Highways, Ontario". Annual Report (Report). Department of Highways. p. 51.
  3. "...the construction of a cloverleaf interchange at the intersection of Highway 69 North and the Maley Drive extension." "Cutting noise to Maley Drive neighbours would be costly: report". Sudbury Star, August 10, 2018.
  4. Cooper, Cody Storm (June 27, 2012). "Highway 69 Name Change". Huntsville Forester. Metroland Media.
  5. "Highway 69 and 11 expansion rolling north: Northerners say safety, efficiency, new development will open up the region". Northern Ontario Business, May 1, 2008.
  6. "Four-laning is on the slow track". Sudbury Star, October 3, 1999.
  7. "New section of 69 opens to public". Northern Life, November 13, 2009.
  8. "$177-million section of highway now open" Archived 2011-04-24 at the Wayback Machine. CottageCountryNow.ca, October 27, 2010.
  9. "Nobel Rd". google.ca/maps.
  10. "Bad section of Highway 69 now fixed: MPP". Sudbury Star, July 28, 2010.
  11. Poliakov, Rita (August 4, 2012). "From tragedy to action -- more Hwy 69 4-laned". Sudbury Star. Archived from the original on August 13, 2014.
  12. "Ontario builds first bridge for animals near Sudbury". CBC News, March 20, 2012.
  13. "Highway 69 to be delayed, province admits". Sudbury Star, March 7, 2015.
  14. "Sudbury Accent: Highway 69 by 2017? Seems unlikely". Sudbury Star, January 3, 2015.
  15. "Hwy 69 completion date pushed back — again". Sudbury Star, August 17, 2017.
  16. "Highway 69 expansion hits an environmental roadblock" Archived 2012-03-07 at the Wayback Machine. Daily Commercial News and Construction Record, February 26, 2010.
  17. "EA almost done: official". Sudbury Star, November 1, 2011.
  18. "Highway 69 contracts up for grabs". Northern Life, March 21, 2012.
  19. "Highway 69 is a two-lane death trap - it's time for four lanes". ParrySound.com, February 8, 2018.
  20. "Shawanaga has trump card in push for Parry Sound casino". ParrySound.com. November 8, 2016.
  21. "Magnetawan First Nation" (PDF). www.magnetawanfirstnation.com.
  22. "PC leader commits to widening highways". Sudbury Star May 16, 2013.
  23. "Multiple deaths reported in fiery Highway 69 crash". CBC Sudbury, February 7, 2018.
  24. MacDonald, Darren (29 August 2018). "Four-laning of Hwy. 69 in doubt under new government". Sudbury.com. Retrieved 21 September 2018.
  25. "Highway 69 project in doubt; Sudbury chamber pushes for completion". Sudbury Star. Retrieved 21 September 2018.
  26. Erik White, "Province says Hwy 69 four-laning is still a go, but lots of signs project is slowing". CBC News Sudbury, April 15, 2019
  27. Darren MacDonald, "Decades-long fight for Hwy. 69 finally nears the end of the road". Northern Life, May 22, 2019.
  28. https://511on.ca/list/constructionprojects?start=0&length=25&order%5Bi%5D=5&order%5Bdir%5D=asc#Contract2015-5119
  29. Key Plan: Highway 69 Four-Laning, Parry Sound to Sudbury, 152 km Archived 2016-08-07 at the Wayback Machine. Ontario Ministry of Transportation. July 2012.
  30. Highway 69 Four-Laning Detail Design - Highway 64 Northerly to Estaire. AECOM.
  31. "Ontario Continuing to Invest in Highway 69 Expansion". Ontario Ministry of Transportation, January 25, 2016.
  32. Highway 69 a bit wider today. The Sudbury Star.
  33. "Hwy 69 widening continues: Ontario unveils another 11 km for drivers". CBC Sudbury. 2016-07-15.
  34. Everson, Alana (August 2016). ""CTV Northern Ontario: Highway 69 Widening."". CTV Northern Ontario.
  35. Highway 69 Four-Laning Detail Design - North of Highway 522 to North of Highway 64 Archived 2016-08-20 at the Wayback Machine. MMM Group.
  36. "Ontario Government Investing $19.4 Million in Highway 69 Expansion". Ontario Ministry of Transportation, June 19, 2015.
  37. MTO Contract 2015-5100
  38. Highway 69 Four-Laning Detail Design - Magnetawan River northerly to north of Highway 522 Archived 2016-08-22 at the Wayback Machine. URS.
  39. MTO Contract 2015-5119
  40. Erik White - CBC News, 'Signature' bridges over French River to be open in September 2020, CBC News Sudbury, July 29, 2019
  41. "Past and future collide at the French River", Sudbury Star", August 29, 2019
  42. Steel legs key for four new Ontario girder bridges, Daily Commercial News, September 27, 2019
  43. Highway 69 Four-Laning Detail Design - 5.3 km south of Highway 529 (north Junction) northerly to 2.2 km north of Highway 529 (north Junction) Archived 2016-03-12 at the Wayback Machine. AECOM.
  44. Highway 69 Four-Laning Detail Design - Highway 529 Northerly 15 km Archived 2016-08-22 at the Wayback Machine. MMM Group.
  45. Highway 69 Four-Laning Detail Design - Shawanaga River Northerly to Highway 529 Archived 2016-08-22 at the Wayback Machine. MMM Group.
  46. Highway 69 Four-Laning Detail Design - Highway 559 Northerly to the Shawanaga River Archived 2016-08-22 at the Wayback Machine. MMM Group.

KML is from Wikidata
Preceded by
Highway 17		 Trans-Canada Highway
Highway 69		 Succeeded by
Highway 400
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