List of countries by rail transport network size
This list of countries by rail transport network size based on International Union of Railways data ranks countries by length of rail lines worked at end of year updated with other reliable sources. These figures also include urban/suburban mass-transport systems, as well as lines which are not used for passenger services.
List
Rank | Country | Length (km) |
Electrified length (km) |
Historical peak length (km) |
Area (km2) per km track | Population per km track | Nationalised or Private[lower-alpha 1] | Data year | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | United States | 202,500 | 2,025[1] | 408,833[2] | 65.55 | 2,060 | Both | 2017 | [3] |
2 | China | 146,300 | 100,000[4] | 65.62[4] | 9570[4] | Nationalised | 2020 | [4] | |
3 | Russia | 85,600 | 43,800 | 150,000 | 199.98 | 1,678 | Nationalised | 2019 | [5] |
4 | India | 68,000 | 40,576 | 48.8 | 19,656 | Both | 2020 | [6] | |
5 | Canada | 64,000 | 129 | 214.48 | 674 | Private | 2017 | [7] | |
6 | Germany | 40,625 | 22,500 | 64,000 | 9.26 | 2,145 | Both | 2017 | [3] |
7 | Argentina | 36,966 | 190 | 47,000 | 77.45 | 1,117 | Nationalised | 2014 | [7] |
8 | Australia | 33,168 | 3,393 | 231.91 | 742 | Both | 2017 | [8] | |
9 | Brazil | 29,817 | 9,025 | 299.6 | 7,225 | Private | 2014 | ||
10 | France | 29,273 | 15,687 | 42,500 | 22.78 | 2,374 | Nationalised | 2017 | [3] |
11 | Japan | 27,311 | 20,534 | 16.10 | 5,451 | Private | 2015 | [7] | |
12 | Mexico | 23,389[9] | 27 | 26,914[10] | 114.43 | 6,697 | Private | 2020 | [11] |
13 | South Africa | 22,387[12] | 4,225 | 8,105 | 58.28 | 2,577.29 | Nationalised | 2017 | [13] |
14 | Ukraine | 20,952 | 9,801 | 28.81 | 2,140 | Nationalised | 2016 | [3] | |
15 | Poland | 19,209 | 11,874 | 27,000 (1954)[14] | 16.28 | 2,001 | Nationalised | 2017 | [3] |
16 | Iran | 16,998 | 2,200 | 148.41 | 6,816 | Nationalised | 2014 | [15][16] | |
17 | Italy | 16,788 | 13,106 | at least 24,227[lower-alpha 2] | 17.95 | 3,614 | Both | 2016 | [3] |
18 | Spain | 16,355 | 11,127 | over 18,000 (1950s)[18] | 31.73 | 2,920 | Nationalised | 2017 | [lower-alpha 3] |
19 | United Kingdom | 16,320 | 5,357 | 34,000 (before Beeching Axe) | 14.86 | 4,047 | Both (Franchised)[lower-alpha 4] | 2017 | [3] |
20 | Kazakhstan | 15,530 | 4,200 | 175 | 1,146 | Nationalised | 2016 | [3] | |
21 | Sweden | 14,180 | 11,939 | 16,900 (around 1938)[23] | 32 | 705 | Both | 2020 | [24] |
22 | Turkey | 12,740 | 5,467 | 76 | 7,821 | Nationalised | 2018 | [3][25] | |
23 | Myanmar (Burma) | 11,025 | 171.07 | 12,127 | 2006 | [7] | |||
24 | Romania | 10,774 | 3,292 | at least 11,348[lower-alpha 5] | 22.13 | 1,823 | Both | 2017 | [3] |
25 | Czech Republic | 9,567 | 3,237[27] | 8.24 | 1,106 | Nationalised | 2017 | [3] | |
26 | Pakistan | 8,100 | 286 (currently inactive) | 8,122 | 102.18 | 22759 | Nationalised | 2015 | [28] |
27 | Hungary | 7,945 | 2,889 | 11.71 | 1,233 | Nationalised | 2017 | [3] | |
28 | Egypt | 7,024 | 62 | 144 | 13,888 | Nationalised | 2017 | [29] | |
29 | Chile | 6,634 | 128.2 | 2,931 | 2006 | ||||
30 | Sudan | 6,084 | 339.81 | 5,640 | 2006 | ||||
31 | Finland | 5,926 | 3,270 | 57.06 | 929 | Nationalised | 2017 | [3] | |
32 | North Korea | 5,735 | ~3,500 | 23.03 | 4,595 | Nationalised | 2006 | [7] | |
33 | Saudi Arabia | 5,590 | 384.56 | 6,254 | 2019 | [30] | |||
34 | Austria | 5,527 | 3,826 | 15.18 | 1,587 | Both | 2017 | [3] | |
35 | Cuba | 5,476 | 21.84 | 2,215 | 2007 | ||||
36 | Belarus | 5,459 | 874 | 38.03 | 1,741 | 2016 | [3] | ||
37 | Indonesia | 5,368 | 471 | 7,464 | 223.31 | 27853 | Nationalised | 2017 | [31] |
38 | Switzerland | 5,196 | 5,196 | 5,632 | 7.95 | 1,585 | Mainly privately operated[lower-alpha 6] | 2015 | [3] |
39 | Turkmenistan | 5,080 | 153.44 | 1,585 | 2014 | ||||
40 | Thailand | 4,900 | 107 | 126.04 | 16,084 | 2017 | [7] | ||
41 | Uzbekistan | 4,580 | 105.77 | 6,488 | 2011 | ||||
42 | Algeria | 4,440 | 283 | 536.43 | 9,306 | 2016 | [29] | ||
43 | South Korea | 4,165 | 2,522 | 19.08 | 9348 | Nationalised | 2009 | [7] | |
44 | New Zealand | 4,128 | 506 | 5,689 | 64.64 | 1,070 | 2018 | [7] | |
45 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 4,096 | 585.19 | 16,463 | 2008 | ||||
46 | Bulgaria | 4,030 | 2,880 | 27.54 | 1,762 | 2017 | [3] | ||
47 | Norway | 3,848 | 2,622 | 83.12 | 1,350 | Both (Franchised) | 2017 | [3] | |
48 | Serbia | 3,764 | 1,279 | 23.48 | 1,866 | Nationalised | 2017 | [3] | |
49 | Slovakia | 3,626 | 1,587 | 13.52 | 1,499 | 2017 | [3] | ||
50 | Belgium | 3,607 | 2,960 | 5,000 (10,000 including regional tramways) | 8.48 | 3,140 | Nationalised | 2018 | [7][32] |
51 | Nigeria | 3,600 | 261.84 | 44,904 | 2006 | ||||
52 | Vietnam | 3,364 | 141.12 | 27,765 | 2007 | ||||
53 | Mozambique | 3,249 | 256.54 | 6,604 | 2008 | ||||
54 | Zimbabwe | 3,136 | 313 | 130.25 | 4,190 | Nationalised | 2010 | ||
55 | Netherlands | 3,055 | 2,314 | 13.59 | 5,591 | Semi privatised | 2017 | [3] | |
56 | Uruguay | 2,993 | 58.88 | 1,121 | 2006 | ||||
57 | Bolivia | 2,866 | 383.32 | 3,638 | 2007 | ||||
58 | Bangladesh | 2,835 | 50.79 | 53,392 | 2008 | ||||
59 | Angola | 2,761 | 2,764 | 451.54 | 6,911 | 2006 | [7] | ||
60 | Tanzania | 2,722 | 348.02 | 15,866 | 2006 | ||||
61 | Croatia | 2,604 | 985 | 21.71 | 1,595 | 2017 | [3] | ||
62 | Portugal | 2,546 | 1,633 | 36.13 | 4,049 | Nationalised | 2017 | [3] | |
63 | Kenya | 2,541 | 228.4 | 17,643 | 2013 | [33] | |||
64 | Namibia | 2,382 | 346.05 | 877 | 2006 | [7] | |||
65 | Greece | 2,240 | 764 | 58.91 | 4,808 | 2017 | [3] | ||
66 | Tunisia | 2,165 | 75.57 | 5,326 | 2018 | [29] | |||
67 | Syria | 2,139 | 86.57 | 11,078 | 2008 | ||||
68 | Morocco | 2,109 | 1,022 | 211.74 | 16,946 | 2017 | [29] | ||
69 | Azerbaijan | 2,068 | 1,278 | 41.88 | 4,666 | 2015 | [3] | ||
70 | Iraq | 2,032 | 215.71 | 15,587 | 2006 | ||||
71 | Peru | 2,020 | 636.25 | 14,585 | 2008 | ||||
72 | Denmark | 1,987 | 640 | 5,290[34] | 21.69 | 2,893 | Nationalised, rural lines franchised | 2017 | [3] |
73 | Ireland | 1,931 | 53 | 5,600 | 36.39 | 2,477 | Nationalised | 2017 | [3] |
74 | Lithuania | 1,911 | 122 | 33.8 | 1,490 | 2017 | [3] | ||
75 | Latvia | 1,860 | 257[35] | 35.11 | 1,048 | 2017 | [3] | ||
76 | Malaysia | 1,849 | 207 | 178.40 | 15,324 | 2010 | [7] | ||
77 | Mongolia | 1,810 | 864.15 | 1,560 | 2008 | ||||
78 | Taiwan | 1,782 | 1,300 | 5,000 | 21.25 | 13638 | Both | 2018 | [36] |
79 | Colombia | 1,663 | 648.85 | 27,770 | 2007 | ||||
80 | Georgia | 1,576 | 1,288 | 44.23 | 2,360 | 2016 | [3] | ||
81 | Sri Lanka | 1,508 | 43.51 | 13,696 | 2010 | ||||
82 | Israel | 1,384 | 56[37] | 15.01 | 6,355 | Nationalised | 2017 | [29][38] | |
83 | Uganda | 1,244 | 930.65 | 122,780 | 2002 | ||||
84 | Zambia | 1,237 | 608.42 | 10,547 | 2006 | ||||
85 | Slovenia | 1,209 | 503 | 16.75 | 1,709 | 2017 | [3] | ||
86 | Estonia | 1,161 | 132 | 3,000 | 38.96 | 1,134 | Both | 2017 | [3] |
87 | Moldova | 1,151 | 29.4 | 3,084 | 2017 | [3] | |||
88 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1,018 | 565 | 50.29 | 3,445 | 2017 | [3] | ||
89 | Cameroon | 977 | 1,104 | 486.63 | 23,367 | 2015 | [39] | ||
90 | Ecuador | 966 | 293.54 | 14,810 | 2006 | [7] | |||
91 | Ghana | 953 | 250.30 | 25,429 | 2006 | ||||
92 | Senegal | 906 | 217.12 | 16,534 | 2015 | [33] | |||
93 | Botswana | 888 | 655.1 | 2,488 | 2014 | ||||
94 | Guatemala | 885 | 123.04 | 16,228 | Private | 2004 | Operations Halted since 2006 | ||
95 | Madagascar | 848 | 692.27 | 28,573 | 2015 | [33] | |||
96 | Guinea | 837 | 293.74 | 11,926 | 2006 | [7] | |||
97 | Gabon | 810 | 330.45 | 1,858 | 2007 | ||||
98 | Malawi | 797 | 148.66 | 18,696 | 2007 | ||||
99 | Republic of the Congo | 795 | 430.19 | 5086 | 2006 | ||||
100 | Benin | 758 | 148.58 | 11,581 | 2006 | ||||
101 | Mali | 729 | 1,701.22 | 22,606 | 2013 | ||||
102 | Mauritania | 728 | 1,415.80 | 4,753 | 2008 | ||||
103 | Armenia | 703 | 703 | 42.31 | 4,168 | 2016 | [3] | ||
104 | Honduras | 699 | 160.36 | 11,753 | 2006 | [7] | |||
105 | North Macedonia | 683 | 313 | 37.65 | 3,037 | 2017 | [3] | ||
106 | Ethiopia | 659 | 659 | 784 | 1,675.72 | 150,935 | 2016 | [40] | |
107 | Cambodia | 650 | 278.52 | 24,994 | 2018 | [41] | |||
108 | Côte d'Ivoire | 639 | 504.64 | 30,889 | 2007 | ||||
109 | Burkina Faso | 622 | 440.84 | 25,291 | 2006 | ||||
109 | Jordan | 622 | 143.64 | 15,598 | 2017 | [29] | |||
111 | Tajikistan | 616 | 232.31 | 11,167 | 2007 | ||||
112 | Fiji | 597 | 30.61 | 1,442 | 2006 | [7] | |||
113 | Togo | 568 | 99.97 | 10,613 | 2006 | [7] | |||
114 | El Salvador | 562 | 37.44 | 10,221 | 2007 | ||||
115 | Dominican Republic | 517 | 94.14 | 18,141 | 2006 | [7] | |||
116 | Liberia | 490 | 227.28 | 8,151 | 2006 | [7] | |||
117 | Kyrgyzstan | 417 | 479.38 | 13,446 | 2012 | [3] | |||
118 | Panama | 355 | 212.45 | 9,594 | 2006 | [7] | |||
119 | Venezuela | 336 | 2,714.43 | 87,458 | 2006 | ||||
120 | Albania | 334 | 86.07 | 8,602 | 2016 | [3] | |||
121 | Eritrea | 306 | 384.31 | 17,170 | 2006 | [7] | |||
122 | Eswatini | 301 | 57.69 | 3,940 | 2008 | ||||
123 | Costa Rica | 278 | 183.81 | 16,416 | 2007 | [7] | |||
124 | Luxembourg | 275 | 275 | 9.4 | 2,148 | Nationalised | 2017 | [3] | |
125 | United Arab Emirates | 264 | 316 | 21,893 | Private | 2019 | |||
126 | Montenegro | 250 | 225 | 55.25 | 2,490 | 2017 | [3] | ||
127 | Hong Kong | 218 | 5.08 | 33,165 | Private | 2014 | [42] | ||
128 | Suriname | 166 | 986.87 | 3,163 | 2001 | [7] | |||
129 | Singapore | 161 | 3.94 | 28,682 | 2012 | [43] | |||
130 | Guyana | 127 | 1,149.57 | 4,197 | 2001 est. | [7] | |||
131 | Djibouti | 92 | 80 | 252.17 | 9,203 | 2016 | [44] | ||
132 | Sierra Leone | 84 | 854.05 | 69,857 | 2001 | [7] | |||
133 | Philippines | 77 | 47 | 1,100[45] | 626.30 | 196,270 | Both | 2019 | |
134 | Afghanistan | 75 | 8,696.40 | 418,827 | 2011 | [46] | |||
135 | Jamaica | 65 | 40.41 | 9,948 | 2003 | [7] | |||
136 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 58 | 5.22 | 1,040 | 2006 | [7] | |||
137 | Nepal | 57 | 2,582.12 | 514,035 | 2017 | [47] | |||
138 | Paraguay | 38 | 11,298.67 | 173,056 | 2006 | [7] | |||
139 | Puerto Rico (US) | 17 | 370 | 143.65 | 38,810 | 2006 | [7] | ||
140 | Brunei | 13 | 443.46 | 30,692 | 2001 est. | [7] | |||
141 | Liechtenstein | 9.5 | 9.5 | 17.78 | 4,017 | 2017 | [7] | ||
142 | Western Sahara | 5 | 53,200.00 | 106,200 | 2008 | see Mauritania Railway | |||
143 | Nauru | 3.9 | 4.20 | 2,000 | 2001 | [7] | |||
144 | Laos | 3.5 | 59,200.00 | 1,557,550 | 2005 | see Friendship Bridge | |||
145 | Monaco | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.18 | 20,588 | 2019 | [7] | ||
146 | Lesotho | 1.6 | 10,118.33 | 723,667 | 1995 | [7] | |||
147 | Vatican City | 0.3 | 0 | 0.3 | 1.47 | 3,333 | 2019 | ||
— | European Union[lower-alpha 7] | 208,211 | 117,599 | ~223,000[lower-alpha 8] | 20.46 | 2,347 | Both | 2017 | [3] |
— | World | 1,370,782 | 372.12 | 4,814 | 2006 | [7] |
- Notes
- This refers to both track ownership and train operation
- The RFI cited that length as the total railway length in exercise in 2011,[17] but it could have been longer in previous years.
- The Spanish railway network comprises the 11,934.3 km of the ADIF network (6,706.4 of them are electrified),[19] the 3,455.7 electrified km of the ADIF AV network,[20] the electrified Catalan FGC (253.4 km) and the electrified Metro networks of Madrid (293 km), Barcelona (166 km), Valencia (156.4 km), Bilbao (51 km), Seville (18 km), Palma (15.6 km) and Málaga (12 km).[21]
- In 2014, Network Rail, which owns the railway infrastructure in Great Britain, was reclassified as a "public sector body" and its financial liabilities are now formally included as part of the national debt.[22] Much debate continues if this constitutes as the "nationalisation" of Network Rail. Private firms continue to operate the majority of train services under government franchises or concessions.
- The figure is mentioned as the total network length in 1990,[26] but the total network length may have grown after 1990.
- Mainly privately operated, but thoroughly subsidised (~25%) by taxes and by federal, cantonal and municipal subsidies.
- The European Union (EU) is an economic and political union of 27 member states that are located primarily in Europe. The EU is included as a separate entity because it has many attributes of independent nations, being much more than a free-trade association such as ASEAN, NAFTA, or Mercosur.[48] Transport and trans-European networks are among shared competence between EU and member states. As the EU is not a country, the United States is the first ranked country on these lists.
- The sum of all countries of the European Union appearing in this article.
Territories currently without a rail network
- Andorra
- Bahrain – under construction as part of Gulf Railway
- Bermuda – Bermuda Railway operated 1931 to 1948
- Bhutan
- Burundi
- Chad – see Rail transport in Chad for proposals
- Cyprus – Cyprus Government Railway operated 1905 to 1951
- East Timor
- The Gambia
- Guinea-Bissau
- Haiti – rails still in Port-au-Prince from railway from factories to port, left out of service since the seventies.
- Iceland – see Rail transport in Iceland for former and proposed future railways
- Kuwait – under construction as part of Gulf Railway
- Lebanon - Lebanese Railway from 1890 until 1970 (future projects to build a railway from Tyr to Tripoli)
- Libya – 1912 to 1965; (network under construction in 2008–2011, but works stalled, see Libyan Railways)
- Malta – operated 1883 to 1931
- Marshall Islands
- Micronesia
- Niger – see Rail transport in Niger for proposals. A railway apparently was under construction in 2014.
- Oman – under construction as part of Gulf Railway
- Papua New Guinea
- Rwanda – Isaka–Kigali Standard Gauge Railway planned to open in 2022
- Samoa
- San Marino – an electric railway linked Rimini (Italy) and San Marino City until 1944
- Solomon Islands
- Somalia – Mogadishu–Villabruzzi Railway existed from 1914 to 1941
- Suriname – plans exist to reopen the Lawa Railway
- Tonga
- Trinidad and Tobago – Trinidad Government Railway from 1876 until 1968; Trinidad Rapid Railway was planned but scrapped
- Tuvalu
- Vanuatu – formerly on Efate
- Yemen
References
- Primary source
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Although the EU is not a federation in the strict sense, it is far more than a free-trade association such as ASEAN, NAFTA, or Mercosur, and it has certain attributes associated with independent nations: its own flag, currency (for some members), and law-making abilities, as well as diplomatic representation and a common foreign and security policy in its dealings with external partners. Thus, inclusion of basic intelligence on the EU has been deemed appropriate as a new, separate entity in The World Factbook.
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