List of historical separatist movements

This is a list of historical separatist movements around the world. Separatism includes autonomism and secessionism. Most separatist movements do not succeed in their goal, therefore only notable ones are listed here; however, not all listed here succeeded in their goal.

Africa

Algeria

(gained independence from France on July 5, 1962)

Angola

Botswana

Burundi

Cameroon

Cape Verde and Guinea-Bissau

Central African Republic

Democratic Republic of the Congo

Côte d'Ivoire

Egypt

Eritrea

France

Autonomist movement

Ghana

Katanga

  • Political party: Confederation of the Tribal Associations of Katanga (CONAKAT)

Kenya

Mali

Martyazo

  • Rebel organisation: Hutu

Mauritius

Morocco

Mozambique

Namibia

Niger

Nigeria

São Tomé and Príncipe

Seychelles

Sierra Leone

South Africa

Somalia

Somaliland

Sudan

Tanganyika

Tunisia

Uganda

Zambia

Zanzibar

Zimbabwe

Asia

Bangladesh

Burma

Cambodia

British India

India

Indonesia

Japan

Laos

Malaysia

Maldives

Mongolia

Oman

Philippines

Singapore

Sri Lanka

Sri Lankan Tamil people

Syria

Vietnam

Yemen

Europe

Albania

Belgium

Bulgaria

Cyprus

Czech Republic

Finland

France

Germany

Greece

(gained independence from Ottoman Empire after the Greek War of Independence)

Ireland

(See also under UK, for pre-division Ireland)

Italy

Republic of Macedonia

Albanian-inhabited communities in SR Macedonia and Republic of Macedonia
Serbian-inhabited communities in SR Macedonia

Poland

Slovakia

Soviet Union

Spain

Turkey

United Kingdom (and associated territories)

Yugoslavia

Republic of Kosovo (AP Kosovo and Metohija, SR Serbia, FR Yugoslavia)
Preševo Valley (SR Serbia, FR Yugoslavia)

North America

Antigua and Barbuda

Belize

Bahamas

British West Indies

Secessionist

Autonomist

Costa Rica

Dominica

Guyana

Jamaica

Haiti

  • Cacos (anti-US occupation)

Mexico

Secessionist

Nicaragua

  • Ejército Defensor de la Soberanía Nacional (anti-US occupation)

Panama

Trinidad and Tobago

United States

Puerto Rico

  • Autonomist Party
Popular Democratic Party (PPD)
  • Anti-Colonial National Liberation Movement
Puerto Rican Independence Movement
Partido Independentista Puertorriqueño (PIP)

South America

Argentina

Brazil

Chile

Colombia

Peru

  • Loreto
    • Political party: Liga Loretana

Spanish America

Oceania

Australia

Fiji

Kiribati

New Zealand

Papua New Guinea

  • Political party: Papua Besena
  • Regional separatist movements: Highlands Liberation Front, Wahgi Tuale, Wok Meri or Kafaina[4]

Samoa

Solomon Islands

Vanuatu

See also

References

  1. Cairn Article (in French) "De son côté, le parti communiste s’impose à La Réunion comme la principale formation politique après avoir abjuré son mot d’ordre d’autonomie"
  2. Peacehalle.com
  3. Petrow, Stefan (2006). "Secession". utas.edu.au/. University of Tasmania, Australia - Centre for Tasmanian Historical Studies. Retrieved 3 December 2013.
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