Union County, Florida

Union County is a county located in the north central portion of the U.S. state of Florida, the smallest in the state. As of the 2010 census, the population was 15,535.[1] The county seat is Lake Butler.[2] With a personal per capita income of $20,396 (as of 2017), it is the fourth-poorest county in the United States.

Union County
U.S. county
Location within the U.S. state of Florida
Florida's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 30°02′N 82°22′W
Country United States
State Florida
FoundedMay 20, 1921
Named forConcept of Unity
SeatLake Butler
Largest cityLake Butler
Area
 • Total250 sq mi (600 km2)
 • Land244 sq mi (630 km2)
 • Water6.2 sq mi (16 km2)  2.5%%
Population
 • Estimate 
(2019)
15,237
 • Density64/sq mi (25/km2)
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
Congressional district3rd
Websitewww.unioncounty-fl.gov

History

Union County was created in 1921 from part of Bradford County. It was named to honor the concept of unity. Union County is the location of Union Correctional Institution and the Reception and Medical Center (RMC).[3] Union CI is a maximum security prison and is home to part of Florida's Death Row. The death chamber is located at nearby Florida State Prison (FSP) in Bradford County. Florida State Prison also houses some death-row inmates.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 250 square miles (650 km2), of which 244 square miles (630 km2) is land and 6.2 square miles (16 km2) (2.5%) is water.[4] It is the smallest county by area in Florida.

Bradford County, Florida is southeast Alachua County, Florida is south Columbia County, Florida is west Baker County is north


Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.%±
19307,428—
19407,094−4.5%
19508,90625.5%
19606,043−32.1%
19708,11234.2%
198010,16625.3%
199010,2520.8%
200013,44231.1%
201015,53515.6%
2019 (est.)15,237[5]−1.9%
U.S. Decennial Census[6]
1790-1960[7] 1900-1990[8]
1990-2000[9] 2010-2019[1]

At the 2000 census,[10] there were 13,442 people, 3,367 households and 2,606 families residing in the county. The population density was 56 per square mile (22/km2). There were 3,736 housing units at an average density of 16 per square mile (6/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 73.62% White, 22.84% Black or African American, 0.66% Native American, 0.31% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 1.04% from other races, and 1.50% from two or more races. 3.55% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Of the 3,367 households, 41.80% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.70% were married couples living together, 15.00% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.60% were non-families. 19.50% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.76 and the average family size was 3.13.

The age distribution was 21.80% under the age of 18, 8.70% from 18 to 24, 39.80% from 25 to 44, 22.20% from 45 to 64, and 7.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 183.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 215.20 males. This extremely skewed gender distribution is the result of the county's male prison population.

The median household income was $34,563, and the median family income was $37,516. Males had a median income of $28,571 versus $22,083 for females. The county's per capita income was $12,333. About 10.50% of families and 14.00% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.60% of those under age 18 and 16.20% of those age 65 or over.

The county suffers a death rate of about 1600 per 100,000 residents, the highest in the nation.[11]

Cause of Death (2017) Union County (Adjusted Rate) Florida (Adjusted Rate) [12]
Overall 1,516 681
Cancer 470 153
Heart Disease 298 152
Respiratory Infection 121 39
Stroke 59 36
Hepatitis 54 2

Government and infrastructure
Union Correctional Institution

The Florida Department of Corrections (FDOC) operates Region II Correctional Facility Office in an unincorporated area in Union County.[13] FDOC also maintains the Union Correctional Institution in an unincorporated area in the county.[14] Union Correctional Institution houses one of two death rows for men in Florida.[15] About a third of the county's population is imprisoned, compared to a statewide figure of one-half percent.[12]

The Union Juvenile Residential Facility of the Florida Department of Juvenile Justice is in an unincorporated area in Union County.[16]

Presidential elections results
Union County vote
by party in presidential elections[17]
Year Republican Democratic Third parties
2020 82.11% 5,133 16.85% 1,053 1.04% 65
2016 80.22% 4,568 17.32% 1,014 1.97% 112
2012 73.59% 3,980 24.76% 1,339 1.65% 89
2008 74.20% 3,940 24.48% 1,300 1.32% 70
2004 72.64% 3,396 26.76% 1,251 0.60% 28
2000 60.95% 2,332 36.77% 1,407 2.27% 87
1996 47.26% 1,636 40.09% 1,388 12.66% 438
1992 43.29% 1,546 34.95% 1,248 21.76% 777
1988 69.99% 1,644 29.42% 691 0.60% 14
1984 70.28% 1,804 29.65% 761 0.08% 2
1980 46.35% 1,123 51.05% 1,237 2.60% 63
1976 26.67% 544 72.55% 1,480 0.78% 16
1972 83.85% 1,314 16.15% 253
1968 10.78% 179 17.46% 290 71.76% 1,192
1964 48.97% 710 51.03% 740
1960 24.84% 311 75.16% 941
1956 18.54% 218 81.46% 958
1952 21.68% 268 78.32% 968
1948 6.29% 55 67.96% 594 25.74% 225
1944 10.13% 102 89.87% 905
1940 8.49% 95 91.51% 1,024
1936 7.56% 89 92.44% 1,089
1932 6.27% 60 93.73% 897
1928 25.69% 177 73.00% 503 1.31% 9
1924 4.60% 16 92.53% 322 2.87% 10

Education

Union County School District serves the county.

Libraries

The Union County Public Library serves the county. The branch is at 250 SE 5th Avenue, Lake Butler, Florida 32054. Its director is Mary C. Brown. The branch is open Monday, Wednesday–Friday 9 am–6 pm, Tuesday 9 am–8 pm, and Saturday 9 am–3 pm.

Communities
# Incorporated Community Designation Population
1Lake ButlerCity1,813
2Worthington SpringsTown390
3RaifordTown242

See also

References
  1. "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 1, 2016. Retrieved February 15, 2014.
  2. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  3. "Reception and Medical Center (RMC)". Florida Department of Corrections. Retrieved July 28, 2010.
  4. "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  5. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved May 21, 2020.
  6. "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 16, 2014.
  7. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved June 16, 2014.
  8. "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 16, 2014.
  9. "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 16, 2014.
  10. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-05-14.
  11. Koeze, Ella. "35 Years Of American Death". Five Thirty-eight. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  12. "Union County Data". Wellflorida. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  13. "Region II Correctional Facility Office." Florida Department of Corrections. Retrieved on January 8, 2010.
  14. "Union Correctional Facility." Florida Department of Corrections. Retrieved on August 31, 2010.
  15. "Death Row Fact Sheet." Florida Department of Corrections. Retrieved on August 15, 2010.
  16. "Union Juvenile Residential Facility". Florida Department of Juvenile Justice. Retrieved 2008-08-03.
  17. Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved 2018-06-16.

Government links/Constitutional offices

Special districts

Judicial branch

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