Amorots-Succos

Amorots-Succos (Basque: Amorotze-Zokhozü) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of southwestern France.

Amorots-Succos

Amorotze-Zokhozü
Commune
The Town Hall at Amorots
Location of Amorots-Succos
Amorots-Succos
Amorots-Succos
Coordinates: 43°21′58″N 1°06′39″W
CountryFrance
RegionNouvelle-Aquitaine
DepartmentPyrénées-Atlantiques
ArrondissementBayonne
CantonPays de Bidache, Amikuze et Ostibarre
IntercommunalityPays Basque
Government
 • Mayor (2014-2020) Arnaud Abbadie
Area
1
15.20 km2 (5.87 sq mi)
Population
 (2017-01-01)[1]
232
 • Density15/km2 (40/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
64019 /64120
Elevation65–266 m (213–873 ft)
(avg. 104 m or 341 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Amoroztar in Basque[2][3]

Geography

Amorots-Succos is located some 50 km east by south-east of Bayonne and 10 km north-west of Saint-Palais in the former Basque province of Lower Navarre. It can be accessed by the D123 road from Beguios in the east passing west through the village and the commune and continuing to La Bastide-Clairence. The D14 from Meharin to Garris also passes through the southern tip of the commune. The commune is mixed forest and farmland with no other villages or hamlets.[4]

Hydrography

Numerous streams rise and flow through the commune including the Ruisseau d'Isaac Berds which forms part of the western border and flows to the Laharanne which eventually joins the Lihoury far to the north, the Jelesseko Erika forming the south-eastern border, the Ruisseau de Cherrits in the south, the Ruisseau d'Otherguy, and many other unnamed streams.[4]

Places and Hamlets
  • Aguerréa
  • Ameztoya (ruins)
  • Amiasorhoa
  • Ansobieta
  • Apatia
  • Apetchéko Borda
  • Arangoïza
  • Arangoïzgaraya
  • Arrabichta
  • Berdeko Borda
  • Berhuéta
  • Bertrahandy
  • Bibens
  • Bidamberrita
  • Bidegain-de-Gain
  • Bidegain-de-Pé
  • Biscayluzia
  • Bordaberria
  • Cachantéguy
  • Carricaburua
  • Chastriaborda (ruins)
  • Culuteguia
  • Damassia
  • Ehulondoa
  • Errékaldéa
  • Errékartéa
  • Etchebérria
  • Etcheverria
  • Etorania
  • Garatéa
  • Garateko Borda
  • Haranéa
  • Ichobox
  • Ichorotzia
  • Idiartia
  • Iratzéburia
  • Isaac-Borda
  • Jauberria
  • Jelosséa
  • Joanteguia
  • Kakila
  • Kurku
  • Larraldéa (2 places)
  • Larréa
  • Lascouéta
  • Laurenzenia
  • Legarria
  • Miscoria
  • Olha
  • Olhakoborda
  • Olharanne
  • Ospilatéa[5]
  • Oxarania
  • Pacharreta
  • Padagoya
  • Sarhia
  • Sékailénia
  • Sorhuéta
  • Succos
  • Tipulatéya
  • Uhaldia

[6]

Toponymy

Brigitte Jobbé-Duval proposed a forest origin for Amorots meaning "the land of oaks". Succos derives from the Basque zoko meaning "isolated country".[2]

The current spelling in Basque is Amorotze-Zokotze.[7] Pierre Lhande, in his Basque-French Dictionary,[8] indicated the spelling Sokueze for Succos.

The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.

NameSpellingDateSourcePageOriginDescription
AmorotsSanctus Vicentius de Maroz1160OrpustanVillage
Maroth1160Orpustan
Morotz1160Orpustan
Amoros1268Orpustan
Amarotz1305Orpustan
Amarotz1306Orpustan
Amaroz1350Orpustan
Amoroz1402Raymond
5
Chapter
Amorotz1413Orpustan
Amorotz1513Raymond
5
Pamplona
SuccosSanctus Martinus de Trussecalau1160OrpustanVillage
Sucox1268Orpustan
Succos1304Orpustan
Ssucos1350Orpustan
Çucoz1413Orpustan
Suquos1513Raymond
164
Pamplona
Croix GoïtyCroix Goïty1863Raymond
72
Shrine
Croix d'IchoroxCroix d'Ichorox1863Raymond
81
Shrine
OspitaléaZabala y l’Ospital1513Raymond
127
PamplonaFarm with a small chapel nearby dependent on the Commandery of Irissary
L'Hopital d'Amorots1708Raymond
127
Irissarry
Ospital1863Raymond
127
TroussecaillauTroussecaillau1863Raymond
169
Fief, vassal of the Kingdom of Navarre

Sources:

Origins:

History

The village of Succos was united with Amorots on 16 August 1841.[5]

Administration

List of Successive Mayors[13]

FromToNamePartyPosition
19952020Arnaud Abbadie

(Not all data is known)

Inter-Communality

The commune belongs to six inter-communal associations:

  • The Community of Communes of Amikuze
  • the AEP Association of Mixe Country
  • the Energy Association of Pyrénées-Atlantiques
  • the inter-communal association for the operation of schools in Amikuze
  • the Association to promote Basque culture
  • the educational grouping association for Amorots-Succos, Arraute-Charritte, Béguios, Masparraute, and Orègue

Demography

In 1350 there were 5 fires at Amorots and 10 at Succos.[14]

The fiscal census of 1412-1413[15] carried out[16] on the orders of Charles III of Navarre compared to the census of 1551 of men and arms that are present in the Kingdom of Navarre on this side of the ports[17] revealed a population in high growth. The first census showed 4 fires at Amorots while the second showed 13 (12 + 1 secondary fire). The same at Succos: the first census showed 5 fires and the second 19 (16 + 3 secondary fires).

The census of the population of Lower Navarre in 1695[18] counted 40 fires at Amorots and 32 at Succos. The total at the 1758 census was 74 fires[19] at Amorots.

In 2017 the commune had 232 inhabitants.

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1793 305—    
1800 310+0.23%
1806 236−4.44%
1821 363+2.91%
1831 356−0.19%
1836 330−1.51%
1841 473+7.47%
1846 462−0.47%
1851 437−1.11%
1856 402−1.66%
1861 405+0.15%
1866 413+0.39%
1872 396−0.70%
1876 385−0.70%
1881 377−0.42%
1886 407+1.54%
1891 358−2.53%
1896 332−1.50%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901 356+1.41%
1906 352−0.23%
1911 358+0.34%
1921 337−0.60%
1926 356+1.10%
1931 328−1.62%
1936 307−1.31%
1946 324+0.54%
1954 291−1.33%
1962 267−1.07%
1968 249−1.16%
1975 244−0.29%
1982 267+1.30%
1990 222−2.28%
1999 204−0.94%
2007 218+0.83%
2012 235+1.51%
2017 232−0.26%
Source: EHESS[20] and INSEE[21]

From 1793 to 1836 the population above was only for Amorots which was separate from Succos. The population for Succos for that period is shown below:

Historical population of Succos
YearPop.±% p.a.
1793 129—    
1800 118−1.27%
1806 126+1.10%
1821 125−0.05%
1831 133+0.62%
1836 144+1.60%
Source: EHESS[22]

Economy

The commune forms part of the Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) zone of Ossau-iraty.

Culture and Heritage

Languages

According to the Map of the Seven Basque Provinces published in 1863 by Prince Louis-Lucien Bonaparte the dialect of Basque spoken in Amendeuix-Oneix is eastern low Navarrese.

Religious Heritage

Two religious sites in the commune are registered as historical monuments:

  • The Church of Saint-Martin of Succos, Cemetery, and old Guardhouse (12th century),[23] The cemetery wall serves as a fronton.
  • The Parish Church of Saint Luce (1880)[24] at Amorots.
  • A farm at Amorots
  • The church at Succos with, at left foreground, the Basque cemetery and its Fronton
  • The Saint Luce Church at Amorots and its fronton
  • A fronton at Succos
  • A Hilarri with a cross at Succos
  • Hilarri at Amorots
  • Hilarri at the Succos cemetery
  • Hilarri at Succos
  • Basque hilarri at Succos

Facilities
Education
Amorots-Succos, Masparraute, Orègue, Béguios, and Arraute-Charritte are associated through an educational regrouping (R.P.I. AMOBA)

See also

References
  1. "Populations légales 2017". INSEE. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
  2. Brigitte Jobbé-Duval, Dictionary of placenames - Pyrénées-Atlantiques, 2009, Archives and Culture, ISBN 978-2-35077-151-9 (in French)
  3. Toponymy of Amorotze-Zokotze (in French)
  4. Google Maps
  5. Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 (in French)
  6. Géoportail, IGN (in French)
  7. Euskaltzaindia - Academy of the Bassque language (in Basque)
  8. Pierre Lhande, Basque-French Dictionary, Labourdin, Lower Navarrese, and Souletin, Beauschène, Paris, 1926 (in French)
  9. Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, New Basque Toponymy, Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2006, ISBN 2 86781 396 4 (in French)
  10. Chapter of Soule in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  11. Titles published by don José Yanguas y Miranda (in Spanish)
  12. Titles of the Commandry of Irissarry in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques
  13. List of Mayors of France
  14. Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, Collective work, Amikuze - the Mixe Country, Éditions Izpegi, 1992, ISBN 2 909262 05 7, p. 77 (in French)
  15. Census cited by Manex Goyhenetche in his General History of Basque Country - Vol. 3, Elkarlanean, 2001, ISBN 2 9131 5634 7, p. 26 (in French). In the same work Manex Goyhenetche indicated on page 284 that there was an average of 5.5 people per fire.
  16. Transcribed and published by Ricardo Cierbide, Censos de población de la Baja Navarra, Max Niemeyer Verlag, Tübingen, 1993
  17. Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques, E 575, transcribed by Louis Baratchart in The Friends of Old Navarre, January 1995, pages 44-54 (in French)
  18. Bibliothèque nationale, 6956, Moreau Register 979, cited by Manex Goyhenetche in his General History of Basque Country - Vol. 3, Elkarlanean, 2001, ISBN 2 9131 5634 7, p. 299 (in French)
  19. Census cited by Manex Goyhenetche in his General History of Basque Country - Vol. 3, Elkarlanean, 2001, ISBN 2 9131 5634 7, p. 282 (in French).
  20. Données Cassini, EHESS
  21. Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
  22. Données Cassini: Succos, EHESS
  23. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA00084550 Church of Saint-Martin of Succos, Cemetery, and old Guardhouse (in French)
  24. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000682 Parish Church of Saint Luce (in French)
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