List of conquistadors in Colombia

This is a list of conquistadors who were active in the conquest of terrains that presently belong to Colombia. The nationalities listed refer to the state the conquistador was born into; Granada and Castile are currently part of Spain, but were separate states at the time of birth of the early conquistadors. Important conquistadors and explorers were Alonso de Ojeda, who landed first at Colombian soil and founded the first settlement Santa Cruz,[1] Rodrigo de Bastidas, who founded the oldest still remaining city Santa Marta, Pedro de Heredia, who founded the important city of Cartagena in 1533, Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada, who was the leader of the first and main expedition into the Andes (1536–1538), with his brother second in command and many other conquistadors, 80% of whom who didn't survive,[2][3] and Nikolaus Federmann and Sebastián de Belalcázar who entered the Colombian interior from the northwest and south respectively.

Pre-Columbian cultures
Chibchan Nations
SW cultures
Pre-Columbian peoples, civilisations and cultures of four language groups; Arawakan, Carib, Chibcha, and the isolated Páez language, existed in Colombia with after the Muisca, the Tairona, Calima, Quimbaya and Zenú as important ones
Spanish Empire
(1500)

Conquistadors in Colombia

Map of exploration routes of
Alonso de Ojeda (1499–1502 & 1509–10)
 Francisco Pizarro (1509–10)
4th voyage of Christopher Columbus, who touched upon later named after him Colombian, now Panamanian lands where he encountered the Kuna people
(1502–04)
Routes of conquest in Colombia with the former Muisca Confederation in the heart of Colombia in orange
by Agustín Codazzi, 1890
Name
leader in bold
Nationality Years
active
Indigenous people encountered
bold is conquered
conquest failed
Year
of
death
Image Notes
Alonso de Ojeda Castilian 1499–1502
1509–10
Wayuu
Kuna (2)
1515
[4]
Christopher Columbus Genovese 1502–1504 Kuna (1) 1506
[note 1]
Francisco Pizarro Extremaduran 1509–10
1513
1515–29
Kuna (2, 3, 4)
Inca
1541
Martín Fernández de Enciso Castilian 1509–10
1513–17
Kuna (2, 3) 1528 [5]
Vasco Núñez de Balboa Extremaduran 1513–19 Kuna (3) 1519
Pedro Arias Dávila Castilian 1513–19 Kuna (3) 1531 [1]
Pascual de Andagoya Basque 1515–29 Kuna (4), Inca 1548 [1]
Diego de Almagro Castilian 1515–29 Kuna (4)
Inca
1538
Bartolomé Ruiz Castilian 1515–29 Kuna (4) 1532
Sebastián de Belalcázar Castilian 1514–39 Paez
Pijao (1)
Sutagao (1)
Muisca
1551
[1][3]
Jorge Robledo Castilian 1514–46 Paez
Pijao (1)
Nutabe
1546
[1][note 2]
Juan de Ampudia Castilian 1514–41 Paez, Pijao (1), Nutabe 1541
Pedro de Añasco Castilian 1514–41 Paez, Pijao (1) [6]
Baltasar Maldonado Castilian 1534–52 Inca, Paez, Pijao (1), Quimbaya, Pantágora, Muisca, Choque, Inga, Kamëntsá 1552 [7][8][9][10]
Rodrigo de Bastidas Castilian 1524–25 Tairona 1527
[1]
Juan de Céspedes Castilian 1525–43 Tairona, Chimila (1, 2)
Muisca
Panche (1), Sutagao (1)
1573 or 1576 [2][3][11][12][13]
Ambrosius Ehinger Bavarian 1529–33 Tairona, Wayuu
Chimila (1), Motilon (1), Chitarero (1)
1533 [1]
Pedro de Heredia Castilian 1532–38 Zenú 1554
[1]
Alonso de Heredia Castilian 1532–38 Zenú [1]
Alonso de Cáceres Extremaduran 1532–38 Zenú
Georg von Speyer Palatinatian 1535–38 Motilon (2)
Chitarero (1)
1540
Nikolaus Federmann Bavarian 1535–39 Motilon (2), Chitarero (1)
U'wa, Lache (1)
Muisca
1542 [1][3]
Miguel Holguín y Figueroa Extremaduran 1535–39 Motilon (2), Chitarero (1), U'wa, Lache (1), Muisca 1576> [2][14]
Luis Lanchero Castilian 1533–39
1541–1559
Muzo 1562 [15][16]
Gonzalo Jiménez
de Quesada
Granadian 1536–39
1569–72
Tairona, Chimila (2)
zipa
zaque
Panche
Pijao (2)
1579
[1][2][3]
Juan Maldonado Castilian 1536–39
1569–72
Tairona, Chimila (2), Muisca, Panche, Pijao (2) [2][note 3]
Pedro Ruíz Corredor Castilian 1533–1601 Tairona, Chimila (2), Muisca, Inca 1601+ [2][17]
Juan de Albarracín Castilian 1536–1539 Tairona, Chimila (2), Muisca, Panche [2]
Juan Tafur Castilian 1518–1541 Tairona, Chimila (1,2), Muisca, Panche [2][18]
Martín Yañéz Tafur Castilian 1520–1544 Zenú, Kuna, Panche [2][19]
Antonio Díaz de Cardoso Portuguese 1526–41 Tairona, Chimila (2), Muisca, Panche [2][20]
Gonzalo García Zorro Extremaduran 1536–1544 Tairona, Chimila (2), Muisca, Panche 1566 [2]
Gonzalo Macías Extremaduran 1536–39
1569–71
Tairona, Chimila (2), Muisca, Panche, Pijao (2) 1571~ [2][21]
Hernán Pérez
de Quesada
Granadian 1536–39
1540–42
Tairona, Chimila (2)
Muisca, Panche
Lache (2), Chitarero (3)
Achagua, Guayupe, Choque, Inga, Kamëntsá
1544 [2][3]
Gonzalo Suárez Rendón Castilian 1536–39 Tairona, Chimila (2)
zipa, Panche
zaque
1590 [2][3][22]
Juan del Junco Asturian 1536–41 Tairona, Chimila (2)
Muisca
15?? [2][23]
Martín Galeano Extremaduran 1536–39
1540–45
Tairona, Chimila (2)
Muisca, Panche
Muzo
1554~ [2][3][24]
Lázaro Fonte Castilian 1536–39
1540–42
Tairona, Chimila (2)
Muisca, Panche
Lache (2), Guayupe
1542 [2][3]
Juan de Sanct Martín Castilian 1536–39
1540–45
Tairona, Chimila (2)
Muisca, Panche
Guane
Achagua
[2][3]
Hernán Venegas Carrillo Castilian 1536–47 Tairona, Chimila (2), Panche 1583 [2][25]
Ortún Velázquez de Velasco Castilian 1536–39 Tairona, Chimila (2), Muisca, Panche, Chitarero (2) 1584 [2][26]
Bartolomé Camacho Zambrano Extremaduran 1536–39 Tairona, Chimila (2), Muisca, Panche [2]
Pedro Fernández de Valenzuela Castilian 1536–39 Tairona, Chimila (2), Muisca, Panche [2]
640+ conquistadors
~80%
mostly Castilian April 1536
-
April 1537
Diseases, jaguars, crocodiles, climate,
various indigenous warfare
1536
1537
[2][3]
Gaspar de Rodas Extremaduran 1539–81 Paez
Pijao
Nutabe
1607
[27]
Juan Maldonado Castilian 1543–72 Chitarero (4) 1572
Pedro de Ursúa Navarran 1545–61 Panche
Muzo
Chitarero (5)
Tairona
1561
[note 4]
Juan Taborda Extremaduran 1545–69 Nutabe 1569 [28]
Juan Freyle Castilian Panche
Muzo
Chitarero (5)
Tairona
[29][30]

See also

Notes

  1. Although the country Colombia is named after Columbus, he has never seen the present country of Colombia.
    Panama, where he disembarked in 1503, was part of (Gran) Colombia until 1903
  2. Executed by the Governor of New Granada
  3. Not the same as Juan Maldonado, who was only 11 in 1536
  4. Murdered on expedition by some of his men

References

  1. (in Spanish) Personajes de la Conquista a AméricaBanco de la República
  2. (in Spanish) List of conquistadors of the expedition led by Gonzalo Jiménez de QuesadaBanco de la República
  3. (in Spanish) Conquista rápida y saqueo cuantioso de Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada
  4. (in Spanish) Alonso de OjedaBanco de la República
  5. Catholic Encyclopedia – Martín Fernández de Enciso
  6. (in Spanish) Murder of the son of La Gaitana by Pedro de Añasco
  7. (in Spanish) Baltasar MaldonadoSoledad Acosta SamperBanco de la República
  8. Rodríguez Freyle, 1979 (1638), p.88
  9. Rodríguez Freyle, 1979 (1638), p.93
  10. Rodríguez Freyle, 1979 (1638), p.94
  11. (in Spanish) Juan de CéspedesBanco de la República
  12. (in Spanish) Biography Juan de CéspedesBanco de la República
  13. Rodríguez Freyle, 1979 (1638), p.69
  14. Rodríguez Freyle, 1979 (1638), p.153
  15. (in Spanish) Luis LancheroBanco de la República
  16. Rodríguez Freyle, 1979 (1638), p.56
  17. (in Spanish) Pedro Ruiz CorredorSoledad Acosta SamperBanco de la República
  18. (in Spanish) Juan TafurBanco de la RepúblicaSoledad Acosta de Samper
  19. (in Spanish) Martín Yañéz TafurBanco de la RepúblicaSoledad Acosta Samper
  20. (in Spanish) Antonio Díaz de CardosoBanco de la RepúblicaSoledad Acosta Samper
  21. Rodríguez Freyle, 1638, p.173
  22. Rodríguez Freyle, 1638, p.84
  23. Rodríguez Freyle, 1638, p.61
  24. Rodríguez Freyle, 1638, p.144
  25. (in Spanish) Hernán Venegas CarrilloBanco de la República
  26. Rodríguez Freyle, 1638, p.xii
  27. (in Spanish) Gaspar de RodasBanco de la República
  28. Jaramillo Mejía, William. 1996. Antioquia bajo los Austrias, Volume 1. Accessed 2017-03-08.
  29. (in Spanish) Biography Juan Rodríguez FreyleBanco de la República
  30. (in Spanish) El Carnero – semilla de nuestro periodismoEl Tiempo

Bibliography

Further reading

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