List of countries and territories by extreme temperatures

This is a list of countries by lowest and highest temperature ever recorded.

Country/Region Lowest temperature Town/Location Date Highest temperature Town/Location Date Range
 Algeria −13.8 °C (7.2 °F) Mécheria 28 January 2005[1] 51.3 °C (124.3 °F) El Bayadh, El Bayadh Province 2 September 1979[1] 65.1 °C (117.2 °F)
 Botswana −15.0 °C (5.0 °F) Tsabong ?[2] 44.0 °C (111.2 °F) Maun 7 January 2016[3] 59.0 °C (106.2 °F)
 Burkina Faso 5 °C (41 °F) Markoye January 1975[4] 47.2 °C (117.0 °F) Dori 1984[4] 42.2 °C (76.0 °F)
 Chad 47.6 °C (117.7 °F) Faya-Largeau 22 June 2010[5]
 Ghana 43.3 °C (109.9 °F) Navrongo 10 April 2015[6]
 Niger 48.2 °C (118.8 °F) Bilma 23 June 2010[5]
 Nigeria 46.4 °C (115.5 °F) Yola 3 April 2010[5]
 Egypt −15 °C (5 °F) Mount Catherine 51 °C (124 °F) Aswan 66.0 °C (118.8 °F)
 Lesotho −21.0 °C (−5.8 °F) ? ?[7]
 Morocco −23.9 °C (−11.0 °F) Ifrane 11 February 1935[8]
 South Africa −20.1 °C (−4.2 °F) Buffelsfontein, near Molteno, Eastern Cape 23 August 2013[9] 50.0 °C (122.0 °F) Dunbrody (Sundays River Valley), Eastern Cape 3 November 1918[10] 70.1 °C (126.2 °F)
 Sudan −1.0 °C (30.2 °F) Zalingei December 1961,
January 1962[11]		 49.7 °C (121.5 °F) Dongola 25 June 2010[5] 50.7 °C (91.3 °F)
 Eswatini −6.7 °C (19.9 °F) Big Bend ?[12] 47.7 °C (117.9 °F) Lavumisa ?[12] 54.4 °C (97.9 °F)
 Tunisia −15.1 °C (4.8 °F) Thala 13 February 2009 [13] 55 °C (131 °F) * Kebili 7 July 1931[14][15] 66.1 °C (119.0 °F)
 Western Sahara 50.7 °C (123.3 °F) Semara 13 July 1961[16][17]
 Zambia 42.4 °C (108.3 °F) Mfuwe, Eastern Province 13 October 2010[5]
 Afghanistan −52.2 °C (−62.0 °F) Shahrak January 1964[18] 49.9 °C (121.8 °F) Farah August 2009[18] 102.1 °C (183.8 °F)
 Armenia −42.0 °C (−43.6 °F) Paghakn and Ashocq 1961[19][20] 43.7 °C (110.7 °F) Meghri 1 August 2011[19][20] 85.7 °C (154.3 °F)
 Azerbaijan −33.0 °C (−27.4 °F) Julfa and Ordubad ?[21] 46.0 °C (114.8 °F) Julfa and Ordubad ?[21] 79.0 °C (142.2 °F)
 Bangladesh 2.6 °C (36.7 °F) Tetulia 8 January 2018 [22] 45.1 °C (113.2 °F) Rajshahi 30 May 1972[23] 42.5 °C (76.5 °F)
 Bhutan −13.5 °C (7.7 °F) Bumthang 2013[24] 40 °C (104 °F) Phuentsholing 27 August 1997[25] 53.5 °C (96.3 °F)
 Cambodia 7 °C (45 °F) Mondulkiri, Ratanakiri and Preah Vihear 29 January 2007[26] 42.6 °C (108.7 °F) Preah Vihear 15 April 2016[27] 35.6 °C (64.1 °F)
 China, mainland −58 °C (−72 °F) Genhe, Inner Mongolia 31 December 2009[28] 50.3 °C (122.5 °F) Ayding Lake, Turpan, Xinjiang 24 July 2015[29] 108.3 °C (194.9 °F)
 Hong Kong −6.0 °C (21.2 °F) Tai Mo Shan 24 January 2016[30] 37.9 °C (100.2 °F) Happy Valley 8 August 2015, 9 July 2016[31] 43.9 °C (79.0 °F)
 India −60.0 °C (−76.0 °F) Drass January 9, 1995[32] 51.1 °C (124.0 °F) Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan 18 June 2005[33] 111.1 °C (200.0 °F)
 Indonesia −9.0 °C (15.8 °F) Dieng Plateau 24 June 2019[34] 40.6 °C (105.1 °F) Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan 16 August 1997 [35]
 Iran −36.0 °C (−32.8 °F) Saqqez 1972[36] 54 °C (129 °F) Ahwaz
Airport (OIAW)		 29 June 2017 [16][37][38] 90 °C (160 °F)
 Iraq 53.9 °C (129.0 °F) Basra 22 July 2016[37][39]
 Israel −14.2 °C (6.4 °F) Merom Golan 10 January 2015[40] 54.0 °C (129.2 °F) * Tirat Zvi 21 June 1942[41] 68.2 °C (122.8 °F)
 Japan −41.0 °C (−41.8 °F) Asahikawa, Hokkaidō 25 January 1902[42] 41.1 °C (106.0 °F) Kumagaya, Saitama 23 July 2018[42] 82.1 °C (147.8 °F)
 Jordan −16.0 °C (3.2 °F) Shoubak 15 December 2013[43] 50 °C (122 °F) ? 6 September 2002[43] 66 °C (119 °F)
 Kazakhstan −57.0 °C (−70.6 °F) Atbasa ? 49.1 °C (120.4 °F) Turkistan ?[44]
 Kuwait −4.8 °C (23.4 °F) Salmy 3 January 2009[45] 54.0 °C (129.2 °F) Mitribah 21 July 2016[37][39][note 1] 58.8 °C (105.8 °F)
 Kyrgyzstan −53.6 °C (−64.5 °F) ? ?[46] 44.0 °C (111.2 °F) ? ?[46] 97.6 °C (175.7 °F)
 Laos 42.3 °C (108.1 °F) Seno 12 April 2016[27]
 Malaysia 7.8 °C (46.0 °F) Cameron Highlands 1 February 1978[47] 40.1 °C (104.2 °F) Chuping 9 April 1998[47] 32.3 °C (58.1 °F)
 Maldives 17.2 °C (63.0 °F) Hulhulé Island, located at Ibrahim Nasir International Airport 11 April 1978[48] 34.9 °C (94.8 °F) Hanimaadhoo 16 April 2016[27] 17.7 °C (31.9 °F)
 Mongolia −55.3 °C (−67.5 °F) Züüngovi, Uvs Province December 1976[49] 44.0 °C (111.2 °F) Khongor, Darkhan-Uul Province 24 July 1999[49] 99.3 °C (178.7 °F)
 Myanmar −6.0 °C (21.2 °F) Hakha 30 December 1990[50] 47.2 °C (117.0 °F) Myinmu 14 May 2010[51][52] 53.2 °C (95.8 °F)
   Nepal −26.0 °C (−14.8 °F) Thakmarpha, Mustang district ?[53] c 46.0 °C (114.8 °F) Chisapani ?[53] 72.0 °C (129.6 °F)
 North Korea −43.6 °C (−46.5 °F) Chunggangjin 12 January 1933[54]
 Oman 50.8 °C (123.4 °F) Buraimi,
Sohar,
Qurayyat		 July 1990,
May 2009,
30 May 2017 [55]
 Pakistan −52 °C (−62 °F) K2 Base-camp
K2 Peak
Skardu[56]		 53.7 °C (128.7 °F) Turbat 28 May 2017[57][58]
28 May 2017[55][note 2]		 105.7 °C (190.3 °F)
 Philippines 6.3 °C (43.3 °F) Baguio Jan. 18, 1961 42.2 °C (108.0 °F) Tuguegarao, Cagayan Valley 12 April 1912, 11 May 1969[59] 35.9 °C (64.6 °F)
 Qatar 1.5 °C (34.7 °F) Abu Samra 5 February 2017[60] 50.4 °C (122.7 °F) Doha 14 July 2010[5] 48.9 °C (88.0 °F)
 Saudi Arabia −12.0 °C (10.4 °F) Turaif ?[61] 52.0 °C (125.6 °F) Jeddah 23 June 2010[62] 64.0 °C (115.2 °F)
 Singapore 19.0 °C (66.2 °F) Paya Lebar 14 February 1989[63] 37.0 °C (98.6 °F) Tengah 17 April 1983[63] 18.0 °C (32.4 °F)
 South Korea −32.8 °C (−27.0 °F) Yangpyeong 5 January 1981[64] 41.0 °C (105.8 °F) Hongcheon 1 August 2018[64] 73.8 °C (132.8 °F)
 Syria −23.0 °C (−9.4 °F) Idlib January 1951[65] 49.4 °C (120.9 °F) ? ?[66] 72.4 °C (130.3 °F)
 Taiwan −18.4 °C (−1.1 °F) Yushan 31 January 1970[67] 40.2 °C (104.4 °F) Taitung County 9 May 2004[68] 58.6 °C (105.5 °F)
 Thailand −1.4 °C (29.5 °F) Sakon Nakhon 2 January 1974[69] 44.6 °C (112.3 °F) Mae Hong Son 28 April 2016[27] 46.0 °C (82.8 °F)
 Turkey −46.4 °C (−51.5 °F) Çaldıran, Van Province 9 January 1990[70] 48.8 °C (119.8 °F) Mardin-Kocatepe (Kızıltepe) 14 August 1993[71] 95.2 °C (171.4 °F)
 Turkmenistan −36.0 °C (−32.8 °F) Daşoguz Region ?[72][73] 50.1 °C (122.2 °F) Repetek Biosphere State Reserve, Karakum Desert 28 July 1983[72][73] 86.1 °C (155.0 °F)
 United Arab Emirates −7.2 °C (19.0 °F) Jebel Jais 3 February 2017[74] 52.1 °C (125.8 °F) Al Jazeera Border Gate July 2002[75][76] 57.5 °C (103.5 °F)
 Vietnam −6.1 °C (21.0 °F) Sa Pa 4 January 1974[77] 42.7 °C (108.9 °F) Con Cuong/Tuong Duong (tied) 30 May 2015[31]/12 May 1966[78] 48.8 °C (87.8 °F)
 Austria −52.6 °C (−62.7 °F) Grünloch doline 19 February 1932[79] 40.5 °C (104.9 °F) Bad Deutsch-Altenburg 8 August 2013[80] 93.1 °C (167.6 °F)
 Belarus −42.2 °C (−44.0 °F) Slavnom, Vitsebsk Voblast 17 January 1940[81] 38.9 °C (102.0 °F) Gomel 7 August 2010[5] 81.1 °C (146.0 °F)
 Belgium −30.1 °C (−22.2 °F) Valley of the Lesse in Rochefort 20 January 1940[82] 41.8 °C (107.2 °F) Begijnendijk 25 July 2019[83] 71.9 °C (129.4 °F)
 Bosnia and Herzegovina −42.5 °C (−44.5 °F) Igman in Sarajevo Canton 24 January 1963[84] 46.2 °C (115.2 °F) Mostar 31 July 1901[85] 88.7 °C (159.7 °F)
 Bulgaria −38.3 °C (−36.9 °F) Tran, Pernik Province 25 January 1947[86] 45.2 °C (113.4 °F) Sadovo, Plovdiv Province 5 August 1916[86] 83.5 °C (150.3 °F)
 Croatia −35.5 °C (−31.9 °F) Čakovec 3 February 1929[87] 42.8 °C (109.0 °F) Ploče 5 August 1981[87] 78.3 °C (140.9 °F)
 Cyprus −16.0 °C (3.2 °F) ? ?[88] 46.2 °C (115.2 °F) Lefkoniko 4 September 2020 61.6 °C (110.9 °F)
 Czech Republic −42.2 °C (−44.0 °F) Litvínovice 11 February 1929[89] 40.4 °C (104.7 °F) Dobřichovice, Prague-West District 20 August 2012[89] 82.6 °C (148.7 °F)
 Denmark −31.2 °C (−24.2 °F) Thisted Municipality, North Denmark Region 8 January 1982[90] 36.4 °C (97.5 °F) Holstebro, Midtjylland 10 August 1975[90] 67.6 °C (121.7 °F)
 Estonia −43.5 °C (−46.3 °F) Jõgeva, Jõgeva County 17 January 1940[91] 35.6 °C (96.1 °F) Võru 11 August 1992[91] 79.1 °C (142.4 °F)
 Finland −51.5 °C (−60.7 °F) Kittilä, Lapland 28 January 1999[92] 37.2 °C (99.0 °F) Liperi 29 July 2010[92] 88.7 °C (159.7 °F)
 France −36.7 °C (−34.1 °F) Mouthe, Doubs 13 January 1968[93] 46.0 °C (114.8 °F) Vérargues, Hérault 28 June 2019[94] 87.0 °C (156.6 °F)
 Germany −45.9 °C (−50.6 °F) Funtensee, Berchtesgadener Land, Bavaria 24 December 2001[95] 42.6 °C (108.7 °F) Lingen, Lower Saxony 25 July 2019[96] 88.5 °C (159.3 °F)
 Greece −27.8 °C (−18.0 °F) Ptolemaida 27 January 1963[97] 48.0 °C (118.4 °F) Athens 10 July 1977[98] 75.8 °C (136.4 °F)
 Hungary −35 °C (−31 °F) Görömbölytapolca 16 February 1940[99] 41.9 °C (107.4 °F) Kiskunhalas 20 July 2007[99] 76.9 °C (138.4 °F)
 Iceland −37.9 °C (−36.2 °F) Grímsstaðir 21 January 1918[100][101] 30.5 °C (86.9 °F) Teigarhorn, Djúpivogur 22 June 1939[100][101] 68.4 °C (123.1 °F)
 Ireland −19.1 °C (−2.4 °F) Markree Castle, County Sligo 16 January 1881[102] 33.3 °C (91.9 °F) Kilkenny Castle, County Kilkenny 26 June 1887[102] 52.4 °C (94.3 °F)
 Italy −49.6 °C (−57.3 °F) Busa Fradusta, Pale di San Martino 10 February 2013[103] 47.0 °C (116.6 °F) Foggia, Apulia [note 3] 25 June 2007[104][105] 95.6 °C (172.1 °F)
 Latvia −43.2 °C (−45.8 °F) Daugavpils 8 February 1956[106] 37.8 °C (100.0 °F) Ventspils 4 August 2014[106] 81.0 °C (145.8 °F)
 Lithuania −42.9 °C (−45.2 °F) Utena, Utena County 1 February 1956[107] 37.5 °C (99.5 °F) Zarasai, Utena County 30 July 1994[107] 80.4 °C (144.7 °F)
 North Macedonia −31.5 °C (−24.7 °F) Berovo, Berovo Municipality 27 January 1954[108] 45.7 °C (114.3 °F) Demir Kapija, Demir Kapija 24 July 2007[109][110] 77.2 °C (139.0 °F)
 Malta 1.4 °C (34.5 °F) Malta International Airport 29 January 1981[111][112] 43.8 °C (110.8 °F) Malta International Airport 9 August 1999[111][112] 42.4 °C (76.3 °F)
 Moldova −35.5 °C (−31.9 °F) Brătușeni, Edineț District 20 January 1963[113] 42.4 °C (108.3 °F) Falesti 7 August 2012[113] 77.9 °C (140.2 °F)
 Montenegro −10 °C (14 °F) Podgorica January[114] 44.8 °C (112.6 °F) Podgorica & Danilovgrad 16 August 2007 /
8 August 2012[115]		 54.8 °C (98.6 °F)
 Netherlands −27.4 °C (−17.3 °F) Winterswijk 27 January 1942[116] 40.7 °C (105.3 °F) Gilze en Rijen 25 July 2019[117] 68.1 °C (122.6 °F)
 Norway −51.4 °C (−60.5 °F) Karasjok, Finnmark 1 January 1886[118] 35.6 °C (96.1 °F) Nesbyen, Buskerud 20 June 1970[118] 88.0 °C (158.4 °F)
 Poland −41.0 °C (−41.8 °F) Siedlce, Masovian Voivodeship 11 January 1940[119] 40.2 °C (104.4 °F) Proskau [note 4] 29 July 1921[119] 81.2 °C (146.2 °F)
 Portugal −16.0 °C (3.2 °F) Penhas da Saúde, Covilhã Municipality
Miranda do Douro		 16 January 1945,
5 February 1954[121]		 47.4 °C (117.3 °F) Amareleja,
Beja		 1 August 2003[122] 63.4 °C (114.1 °F)
 Romania −38.5 °C (−37.3 °F) Bod, Braşov County 25 January 1942[123] 44.5 °C (112.1 °F) Ion Sion, Brăila County 10 August 1951[124] 83.0 °C (149.4 °F)
 Russia −67.8 °C (−90.0 °F) Verkhoyansk and
Oymyakon, both in Sakha Republic		 7 February 1892
6 February 1933[125]		 45.4 °C (113.7 °F) Utta, Kalmykia 12 July 2010[126] 113.2 °C (203.8 °F)
 Serbia −39.5 °C (−39.1 °F) Karajukića Bunari, Zlatibor District 13 January 1985[127] 44.9 °C (112.8 °F) Smederevska Palanka, Podunavlje District 24 July 2007[127] 84.4 °C (151.9 °F)
 Slovakia −41.0 °C (−41.8 °F) Vígľaš-Pstruša 11 February 1929[128] 40.3 °C (104.5 °F) Hurbanovo 20 July 2007[128] 81.3 °C (146.3 °F)
 Slovenia −34.5 °C (−30.1 °F) Babno Polje 15 February 1956,
16 February 1956,
13 January 1968[note 5][129]		 40.8 °C (105.4 °F) Cerklje ob Krki 8 August 2013[130] 75.3 °C (135.5 °F)
 Spain −35.8 °C (−32.4 °F) Vega de Liordes, Province of León 7 January 2021[131] 47.3 °C (117.1 °F) Montoro, Córdoba Province 13 July 2017[132][133][134] 83.1 °C (149.6 °F)
 Sweden −53.0 °C (−63.4 °F) Malgovik, Västerbotten County 13 December 1941[135] 38.0 °C (100.4 °F) Ultuna, Uppsala County/
Målilla, Kalmar County (tied)		 9 July 1933 /
29 June 1947[135]		 91.0 °C (163.8 °F)
  Switzerland −41.8 °C (−43.2 °F) La Brévine 12 January 1987[136] 41.5 °C (106.7 °F) Grono, Moesa District 11 August 2003[136] 83.3 °C (149.9 °F)
 Ukraine −41.9 °C (−43.4 °F) Luhansk 8 January 1935[137][138] 42.0 °C (107.6 °F) Luhansk 12 August 2010[137] 83.9 °C (151.0 °F)
 United Kingdom −27.2 °C (−17.0 °F) Braemar, Aberdeenshire
Altnaharra, Sutherland		 11 February 1895,
10 January 1982[139]		 38.7 °C (101.7 °F) Cambridge 25 July 2019[140] 65.9 °C (118.6 °F)
 Antigua and Barbuda 16.1 °C (61.0 °F) V. C. Bird International Airport, St. John's 31 December 1974,
28 January 1976[141][142]		 34.9 °C (94.8 °F) V. C. Bird International Airport, St. John's 12 August 1995[141][142] 18.8 °C (33.8 °F)
 Canada −63.0 °C (−81.4 °F) Snag, Yukon 3 February 1947[143][144] 45 °C (113 °F) Yellow Grass, Saskatchewan
Midale, Saskatchewan		 5 July 1937[145] 108.0 °C (194.4 °F)
 Cayman Islands 11.1 °C (52.0 °F) Owen Roberts International Airport, Grand Cayman ?[146]
 Cuba 0.6 °C (33.1 °F) Bainoa, Mayabeque Province 18 February 1996[147][148] 38.8 °C (101.8 °F) Jucarito (Granma Province) 17 April 1999[147] 38.2 °C (68.8 °F)
 Dominican Republic −7.0 °C (19.4 °F) Valle Nuevo, Constanza 17 January 1983[149] 43.0 °C (109.4 °F) Mao 31 August 1954[150] 50 °C (90 °F)
 Greenland −69.6 °C (−93.3 °F) Greenland Ice Sheet 22 December 1991[151] 30.1 °C (86.2 °F) Ivittuut 23 June 1915[152] 96.1 °C (173.0 °F)
 Guatemala −11.5 °C (11.3 °F) Olintepeque, Quetzaltenango ?[153] 45 °C (113 °F) Estanzuela, Zacapa ?[153] do 56.5 °C (101.7 °F)
 Panama 2.0 °C (35.6 °F) Bajo Grande 20 February 1995[154] 40 °C (104 °F) San Francisco 20 March 1998[154] 38.0 °C (68.4 °F)
 Puerto Rico 4 °C (40 °F) Aibonito/San Sebastian 9 March 1911,
24 January 1966[155]		 40 °C (104 °F) Mona Island 2 July 1996[155] 35.6 °C (64.0 °F)
 United States
 −62.2 °C (−80 °F) Prospect Creek, Alaska 23 January 1971[156] 56.7 °C (134 °F) * Furnace Creek Ranch
(formerly Greenland Ranch),
Death Valley, California		 10 July 1913[157][158] 119 °C (214 °F)
 Argentina −32.8 °C (−27.0 °F) Sarmiento, Chubut Province 1 June 1907[159] 48.9 °C (120.0 °F) * Rivadavia, Salta Province 11 December 1905[160][161][162][163] 81.7 °C (147.1 °F)
 Bolivia 46.7 °C (116.1 °F) Villamontes, Tarija Department 29 October 2010 [5][note 6]
 Brazil −14.0 °C (6.8 °F) Caçador, Santa Catarina June 1952[164][165] 44.8 °C (112.6 °F) Nova Maringá, Mato Grosso 4 November 2020, 5 November 2020 [166] 58.8 °C (105.8 °F)
 Colombia 45.0 °C (113.0 °F) Puerto Salgar, Cundinamarca 29 December 2015 [167]
 Chile −37.0 °C (−34.6 °F) Coyhaique Alto June 2002[168] 44.9 °C (112.8 °F) Quillón, Biobio Region[note 7] 26 January 2017[169][170][171] 81.9 °C (147.4 °F)
 Paraguay −7.5 °C (18.5 °F) Pratts Gill, Boquerón Department 13 July 2000[172] 45.0 °C (113.0 °F) Pratts Gill, Boquerón Department 14 November 2009[173][174] 52.5 °C (94.5 °F)
 Peru −25.2 °C (−13.4 °F) Mazo Cruz, Puno Region 30 June 1966[175]
 Uruguay −11.0 °C (12.2 °F) Melo, Cerro Largo Department 14 June 1967[176][177] 44.0 °C (111.2 °F) Paysandú, Paysandú Department 20 January 1943[176][177] 55 °C (99 °F)
 Venezuela 43.6 °C (110.5 °F) Santa Ana de Coro,
Falcón		 29 April 2015[31]/12 May 1966[78]
 Australia −23.0 °C (−9.4 °F) Charlotte Pass, New South Wales 29 June 1994[161] 50.7 °C (123.3 °F) Oodnadatta, South Australia 2 January 1960[160][161][178] 73.7 °C (132.7 °F)
 New Zealand −25.6 °C (−14.1 °F) Ranfurly, Central Otago 18 July 1903[179] 42.4 °C (108.3 °F) Rangiora, Canterbury /
Jordan, Marlborough (tied)		 7 February 1973[180] 68.0 °C (122.4 °F)
 Samoa 11.1 °C (52.0 °F) Afiamalu 29 September 1971[181] 35.3 °C (95.5 °F) Asau 24 December 1968[181] 24.2 °C (43.6 °F)
 Solomon Islands 36.1 °C (97.0 °F) Honiara, Guadalcanal Province 1 February 2010[5]

Notes
  1. According to the World Meteorological Organization, the reported temperature is currently under investigation.[39]
  2. The Pakistan Meteorological Department later rounded the temperature on 28 May 2017 in Turbat to 54.0°C, which would be an Asian record shared with Kuwait as well as the highest reliably measured temperature on earth.[55]
  3. A disputed record temperature of 48.5°C was measured on 10 August 1999 in Catenanuova, Sicily.[104] Christopher Burt considered this measurement reliable in 2016.[16]
  4. Record measured on German territory at that time: Proskau, Landkreis Oppeln, Oberschlesien (now Prószków, Opole Voivodeship). The record in Poland proper at that time was attained on the same day by the village of Zbiersk at 40.0 °C.[120]
  5. The lowest unofficially measured temperature in Slovenia was recorded at Komna on 9 January 2009 and reached −49 °C (−56 °F).
  6. Temperature reached on multiple occasions; this is the most recent.
  7. This record is disputed because of the forest fires that occurred around the town of Quillón. It is highly probable those fires have influenced this record.

References
  1. "Seconde Communication Nationale de L'Algerie Sur Les Changements Climatiques a la CCNUCC" (PDF) (in French). Ministere de L'Amenagement du Territoire et de L'Environnement. 2010. p. 27. Retrieved 23 October 2016.
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