List of members of the Universal Postal Union

The 192 members of the Universal Postal Union are listed below in alphabetical order, with the date of membership.[1] Members are the Vatican City and the 193 UN members except Andorra, Marshall Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia, and Palau. The newest member is South Sudan, which joined on 4 October 2011.

Before 10 July 1964, states became members of the UPU by ratifying the latest version of the Treaty of Bern. After this date, states become members by ratifying the Constitution of the Universal Postal Union, which incorporated the Treaty of Bern and added provisions to it. Three states which were party to the Treaty of Bern in 1964, and hence members of the UPU, and which have signed but never ratified the Constitution are members of the UPU Dominican Republic, Honduras, Sudan.[2] These states are deemed to have "tacitly ratified" the agreement due to their continued participation in the UPU.[3] Also included as members are two "joint memberships" for dependent territories (one for the British overseas territories and one for the Caribbean constituent countries (Dutch: landen) of the Kingdom of the Netherlands (Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten), originally as Netherlands Antilles). Dependent territories are not permitted to ratify the UPU Constitution, but because the Treaty of Bern allowed for dependencies to join the UPU,[3] listing these members separately as "Colonies, Protectorates, etc.",[4] the Constitution of the Universal Postal Union grandfathered them when membership was restricted to sovereign states.[3][5] However, neither the British nor the Dutch entities ratified the Treaty of Bern separate from the ratifications of the United Kingdom and the Kingdom of the Netherlands, respectively.

By virtue of article 23 of the UPU Constitution, other dependencies of UPU member states are covered by its membership. Territories covered by a sovereign member state are listed under that country.

A
  UPU member states, including dependencies covered by their membership
  UPU member state dependencies with separate membership
  state represented in UPU by another state
  special observer status

B
Dependencies of St Helena

C

D

E

F
French Overseas Departments
Territories coming within the UPU's jurisdiction by virtue of article 23 of the UPU Constitution

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O
  •  Oman - 17 August 1971

P

Q
  •  Qatar - 31 January 1969

R

S

T

U
The Crown dependencies of the United Kingdom are not members of the UPU, and are represented by the United Kingdom
Territories coming within the UPU's jurisdiction by virtue of article 23 of the UPU Constitution

V

Y

Z

Observer states
  •  Palestine - Has special observer status to the UPU since 1999, West Bank mail delivered through Jordan since 2008.[15][16] From up to 2010 Gaza strip mail was delivered through Israel.[17] On 15 November 2018, the president of the State of Palestine signed documents to accede to the UPU as a full member.[18]

States not participating in UPU activities

In general areas governed by organizations that are not members of the UPU, must have their international mail handled by a member state.[19]

Entities not participating in UPU activities

States with limited recognition
Further information: List of states with limited recognition

These states need to have their mail routed through third countries as the UPU will not allow direct international deliveries[19]

Former member countries of the UPU

In the course of history a number of member countries of the UPU saw their membership lapse, due to political changes. Where there was an immediate successor state, membership would normally devolve on that state. In other cases membership lapsed.

This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

See also

Notes
  1. Ratified as Austria-Hungary.
  2. Ratified as the Byelorussian SSR.
  3. Ratified as the Empire of Brazil.
  4. Dependent territory whose membership was grandfathered in by the Constitution.[3]
  5. Ratified as the Upper Volta.
  6. China was originally represented by the government of the Republic of China from 1 March 1914. Following the United Nations General Assembly's vote to transfer China's seat to the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1971, China's representation at the UPU was likewise switch to the PRC on 13 April 1972.
  7. Hong Kong was part of the British Overseas Territories joint membership from 1 April 1877 to 1 July 1997.[6] Hong Kong continues to participate in the Universal Postal Union after the transfer of sovereignty from the United Kingdom to China on 1 July 1997.[7]
  8. Ratified as the Congo Free State.
  9. State which became a UPU member by ratifying the Treaty of Bern and which signed the Constitution, but which has not ratified it.[2] These states are deemed to have "tacitly ratified" the agreement due to their continued participation in the UPU.[3]
  10. Ratified as the Khedivate of Egypt.
  11. Originally joined on 7 July 1922 prior to Soviet occupation[8]
  12. As Swaziland until 2018.
  13. Ratified as the German Empire.
  14. Ratified as Austria-Hungary.
  15. Ratified as the Irish Free State.
  16. Ratified as the Korean Empire.
  17. Originally joined on 1 October 1921 prior to Soviet occupation[8]
  18. Originally joined on 1 January 1922 prior to Soviet occupation[8][9]
  19. Ratified as the Federation of Malaya.
  20. These three entities are constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, but have a joint UPU membership separate of that of the Netherlands. Prior to the dissolution of the Netherlands Antilles on 10 October 2010, Aruba and the then-Netherlands Antilles shared a common UPU membership. Upon dissolution, Curaçao and Sint Maarten became constituent countries within the Kingdom of the Netherlands; Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, now collectively known as the Caribbean Netherlands, became parts of the Netherlands proper.
  21. Under the provisional designation of "The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia" until 2019.
  22. Ratified as the United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway.
  23. Ratified as the Russian Empire. Continued membership as the Soviet Union from 1922–1991.
  24. Ratified as the Kingdom of Nejd and Hejaz.
  25. Ratified as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
  26. Ratified as the United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway.
  27. Ratified as Tanganyika.
  28. Ratified as the Ottoman Empire.
  29. Ratified as the Ukrainian SSR.
  30. On 17 October 2018 the United States notified the UPU of its intention to withdraw from the union, which as per terms of the UPU constitution would become effective after one year.[11][12] However, the country indicated that it would be willing to remain a member if treaty arrangements which it finds problematic (the low terminal dues charged to developing countries to ship mail to developed countries) could be renegotiated during the course of the withdrawal period.[13] In October 2019, following an Extraordinary Congress of the UPU which agreed to increase terminal dues, the United States opted to remain a member of the UPU.[14]
  31. Ratified as the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen.
  32. Mail for Taiwan was also previously routed through Hong Kong. International reply coupons are not available for Taiwan.
  33. The Orange Free State acceded to the Postal Convention of Vienna in 1898, and a year later also acceded to that of Washington. [25] The state was dissolved at the signing of the Treaty of Vereeniging. Membership did not lapse but was absorbed into the British South African membership.
  34. The South African Republic was a member from 1895[26] until its dissolution at the signing of the Treaty of Vereeniging. Membership did not lapse but was absorbed into the British South African membership.
  35. Ratified as part of the German Empire.

References
  1. "Member countries". Universal Postal Union. Retrieved 2013-02-16.
  2. "List of member countries of the Universal Postal Union" (PDF). Universal Postal Union. 2014-07-31. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-06-05. Retrieved 2014-10-14.
  3. "Constitution General Regulations" (PDF). Universal Postal Union. 2010. pp. XII. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-06-05. Retrieved 2014-07-28.
  4. "Universal Postal Convention". Universal Postal Union. 1952-07-11. Retrieved 2012-08-11.
  5. "Constitution of the Universal Postal Union". Universal Postal Union. 1964-07-10. Retrieved 2012-08-11.
  6. Information page for British Overseas Territories on the UPU web site
  7. Information page for Hong Kong on the UPU web site
  8. "CONSTITUTION & GENERAL REGULATIONS". Universal Postal Union. ICANN. October 11, 2000. Retrieved 16 February 2013.
  9. Žalimas, Dainius (2002). "Legal Issues on the Continuity of the Republic of Lithuania". Baltic yearbook of international law: 2001. Volume 1. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. 17.
  10. "South Sudan (Rep.)". Member countries. UPU. 2011-10-04. Retrieved 2013-05-25.
  11. "Statement from the Press Secretary". Executive Office of the President of the United States. 2018-10-17. Retrieved 2018-10-17.
  12. "Statement on the decision of the United States of America to withdraw from the Universal Postal Union treaties". Universal Postal Union. 2018-10-17. Retrieved 2018-10-17.
  13. "Trump starts leaving postal union in latest anti-China move". Retrieved 2018-10-17.
  14. https://www.supplychaindive.com/news/upu-postal-rate-change/564615/
  15. "Palestinian parcel post gets a boost". Universal Postal Union (UPU). Retrieved 2010-09-26.
  16. "Israel and Palestinians to boost postal services with help from UN agency". United Nations. 2008-08-07. Retrieved 2008-10-24.
  17. "Statement regarding mail destined for the Gaza Strip". Canada Post. 2010-08-20. Archived from the original on 2010-08-20. Retrieved 2012-04-19.
  18. "President signs accession papers to a number of international organizations". Wafa. 2018-11-15. Retrieved 2018-11-17.
  19. "Members of the Universal Postal Union and Their Join Dates" (PDF). United Postal Stationery Society. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 November 2017.
  20. "Andorra führt Postleitzahlen ein" (in German). Andorra Intern. 2004-02-27. Retrieved 2009-04-19.
  21. Sovereign Order of Malta — Associate Countries (Postal Agreements)
  22. "Postal Power". One Radio Network. Archived from the original on 25 November 2017.
  23. Chen, Longzhi (8 October 2008). 萬國郵政聯盟與世界郵政日 [Universal Postal Union and World Post Day]. Taiwan New Century Culture and Education Foundation. Archived from the original on 16 October 2014.
  24. "UPU Period". Post Office in Paradise. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
  25. Spies, F.J. du Toit (1946). 'n Nederlander in diens van die Oranje-Vrystaat. Amsterdam: Swets & Zeitlinger. p. 67.
  26. Spies. 'n Nederlander in diens van die Oranje-Vrystaat. p. 66.
  27. Rossiter, Stuart & John Flower. The Stamp Atlas. London: Macdonald, 1986. ISBN 0-356-10862-7

Further reading
  • List of member countries of the Universal Postal Union: showing their contribution class, geographical group and legal situation with regard to the Acts of the Union. Bern: International Bureau of the Universal Postal Union, 2005 13p.
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