Zhari District

Zhari is located on the north bank of the Arghandab River that runs east to west through Kandahar Province. The general area is sometimes referred to as the Arghandab Valley. The built-up and farmed area of Zhari is approximately 30 km east to west by 8 km north to south between the Arghandab and Highway 1. Most buildings are single story mud structures, with narrow, winding roads and walkways. The exceptions are the grape-drying huts that are larger buildings as high as 20m, and which are scattered throughout the countryside. Grapes, opium poppies and cannabis (for hashish) are the most common crops. The farmlands are irrigated by a complex system of wadis running parallel with the Arghandab. The area north of Highway 1 is more desert-like with abrupt mountain ranges of approximately 200–400m in height.

The Shurah is the basic mechanism of government in Zhari. The tribal nature of the district is inseparable from politics, making the decision-making process difficult and time-consuming.

The Zhari District Center, the seat of government for the district, is located near the Pasab Bazaar near Pasab, Zhari. The district center is also adjacent to Forward Operating Base (FOB) Pasab, a former Coalition Forces base now controlled by the Afghan National Security Forces.[2][3]

Jamal Agha is the district governor of Zhari as of 28 March 2015.[4][5] Muhammed Naez Sarhadi and Karim Jan were previous district governors.[6][7]

Mohammad Masoum Khan leads the Afghan National Police forces in the district as of 26 January 2015.[4]

Most people in Zhari are ethnic Pashtuns. There are no less than a dozen tribes, the most prevalent of which are the Alizai, Achakzai, Noorzai and Ghilzai. There are many nomadic tribes that also pass through the northern areas of Zhari between Maywand and Arghandab districts.

The political geography of Zhari changes over time. Many of the smaller villages bear the name of the local elder. A collection of these smaller villages can be loosely described as a sub-district. Zhari currently has the following sub-districts:

• Nar Kariz
• Nalgham
• Sangsar
• Kolk
• Gariban
• Siah Choy
• Sablaghay
• Pashmul
• Asequeh
• Sanzari

NATO and ISAF continue their efforts to support the Karzai government and quell an insurgency. The Taliban is deeply rooted in Zhari's history and attempt to exert influence through a system of mullahs and elders (see Resurgence of Taliban). The situation is complicated by the warlords and criminals who also attempt to minimize the government's power in the area to further their own ends.[8]

A 2 am raid on 18 October 2006 by NATO helicopters, hunting Taliban fighters, was only half a mile from the scene of September's 2006 Operation Medusa, one of the most ferocious battles between Western forces and insurgents since the ouster of the Taliban regime in 2001.[9]

On 4 October 2013, 4 U.S. Special Operations soldiers were killed and 12 wounded during an operation in the Zhari District. The coalition soldiers were killed by a set of IEDs and a suicide bomber. A Taliban spokesman claims explosives were placed in a house and detonated when soldiers entered. As other soldiers entered to assist the fallen, a suicide bomber detonated his explosives.[10]

• Arghandab District
• Panjwai District
• Khosrow sofla
• Tarok Kolache