List of states during the Middle Ages
Post-classical history (also called the Post-classical Era) is the period of time that immediately followed the end of ancient history. Depending on the continent, the era generally falls between the years AD 200-600 and AD 1200–1500. The name of this era of history derives from classical antiquity (or the Greco-Roman era) of Europe. Though, the everyday context in use is reverse (such as historians reference to Medieval China). In European history, "post-classical" is synonymous with the medieval time or Middle Ages, the period of history from around the 5th century to the 15th century. It began with the collapse of the Western Roman Empire and merged into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery. The Middle Ages is the middle period of the three traditional divisions of Western history: Antiquity, Medieval period, and Modern period. The Medieval period is itself subdivided into the Early, the High, and the Late Middle Ages.
Part of a series on | |||
Human history Human Era | |||
---|---|---|---|
↑ Prehistory (Pleistocene epoch) | |||
Holocene | |||
|
|||
Ancient | |||
|
|||
Postclassical | |||
|
|||
Modern | |||
|
|||
↓ Future | |||
Europe
North and West
Name | Capital | State type | Existed | Flag |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ailech | Grianán Ailigh | Kingdom | 450–1617 AD | |
Airgíalla | Clogher | Tribal Federation/kingdom | 331–1590 AD | |
Alba (Scotland) | Clogher | Kingdom | 900–1286 AD | |
Angevin Empire | No official | Empire | 1154–1242 AD | |
Austrasia | Metz | Kingdom | 511–751 AD | |
Avar Khaganate | Khaganate | 567–804 AD | ||
Bavaria | Dukedom | 508–788 AD | ||
Béarn | Various | Viscounty | 9th century–1620 AD | |
Bouillon | Bouillon | Dukedom | 1456–1794 AD | |
Brabant | Brussels | Duchy | 1183–1430 AD | |
Breifne | Croghan | Kingdom | 700–1256 AD | |
Brittany | Various | Dukedom | 939–1547 AD | |
Brycheiniog | Kingdom | 450–1045 AD | ||
First Bulgarian Empire | Pliska (681–893), Preslav (893–968/972), Skopje, Ohrid, Bitola (until 1018) | Empire | 681–1018 AD | |
Burgundy | Dijon | Dukedom | 1032–1477 AD | |
Cait | Tribal kingdom | 25–871 AD | ||
Carantania | Karnburg | Principality | 658–828 AD | |
Carolingian Empire | Aachen | Empire | 800–888 AD | |
Ce | Tribal kingdom | 1st century–900 AD | ||
Dal Riada | Dunadd | Kingdom | 501–878 AD | |
Denmark | Various | Kingdom | c. 900 AD–state exists today | |
Desmond | Killarney | Kingdom | 1118–1596 AD | |
Dumnonia | Isca Dumnoniorum | Principality | 360–710 AD | |
Dyfed | Kingdom | 410–910 AD | ||
Dithmarschen | Heide | Republic | c. 1320–1559 | |
England | Winchester, London | Kingdom | 927–1707 AD | |
East Angles | Rendlesham, Dommoc | Kingdom | 6th century–918 AD | |
France | Paris, Versailles | Kingdom | 843–1792 AD | |
Frisia | Dorestad, Utrecht | Tribal kingdom | 600–734 AD | |
Frisia (Upstalsboom Confederacy) | Confederacy | c. 1200–c. 1500 AD | ||
Flanders | Various | Countship | 862–1795 AD | |
Fortriu | Tribal kingdom | 1–850 AD | ||
Frankish Empire | Tournai, Paris | Kingdom/Empire | 481–843 AD | |
Galicia–Volhynia | Various | Principality/kingdom/client | 1199-1349 AD | |
Galloway | Kingdom | c. 1000–1234 AD | ||
Gododdin | Kingdom | 5th–8th centuries AD | ||
Golden Horde | Sarai Batu | Khanate | 1240–1502 AD | |
Gwent | Caerwent, Porth-is-Coed | Kingdom | 420–1081 AD | |
Glywysing | Cardiff | Kingdom | 490–1063 AD | |
Guelders | Geldern | Countship/dukedom | 1096–1795 AD | |
Gwynedd | Various | Kingdom | 420–1216 AD | |
Haestingas | Hastings | Tribal kingdom | 6th century–771 AD | |
Holland | The Hague | Countship | 11th century–1795 AD | |
Holy Roman Empire | No official | Empire | 962–1806 AD | |
Iceland | Þingvellir | Commonwealth (federation) | 930–1262 AD | |
Ireland | Dublin | Lordship | 1171–1542 AD | |
Kalmar | Copenhagen (from 1443) | Union | 1397–1523 AD | |
Kent | Durovernum | Kingdom | 488–871 AD | |
Kiev | Kiev | Principality | 1132–1471 AD | |
Leinster | Kingdom | 436–1632 AD | ||
Lindsey | Lindum | Kingdom/Client | 410–775 AD | |
Lorraine | Nancy | Dukedom | 959–1766 AD | |
Lotharingia | Kingdom | 855–959 AD | ||
Magna Frisia | Dorestad, Utrecht | Kingdom | 600–734 AD | |
Mann and Isles | Kingdom | 848–1266 AD | ||
Merania | Dukedom/client | 1153–1248 AD | ||
Mongol Empire | Avarga, Karakorum, Dadu | Empire | 1206–1368 AD | |
Meath | Dublin | Kingdom | 1st century–1173 AD | |
Mercia | Tamworth | Kingdom | 527–918 AD | |
Moray | Kingdom | c. 970–1130 AD | ||
Moscow | Moscow | Grand Duchy / client | 1283–1547 AD | |
Normandy | Rouen | Duchy | 911–1259 AD | |
Northumbria | Bamburgh | Kingdom | 653–954 AD | |
Norway | Various | Kingdom | 872 AD–state exists today | |
Novgorod | Novgorod | Republic | 1136–1478 AD | |
Old Saxony | Dukedom | 758–804 AD | ||
Orange | Orange, Vaucluse | Principality | 1163–1717 AD | |
Ossory | Kilkenny | Kingdom | 150–1185 AD | |
Pictland | Kingdom | 250 BC–850 AD [1] | ||
Pomerania | Various | Duchy | 1121–1637 AD | |
Poher | Vorgium | Principality | 520–936 AD | |
Powys | Various | Kingdom | 488–1160 AD | |
Raetia Curiensis | Chur | Bishopric (religious) | 452–1176 AD | |
Saxons | Tribal confederation | 5th century BC–754 AD | ||
Scotland | Stirling, Edinburgh | Kingdom | 843–1707 AD | |
Strathclyde | Dumbarton, Govan | Kingdom | 450–1093 AD | |
Sussex | Selsey | Kingdom | 477–825 AD | |
Sweden | Various | Kingdom | c.970–state exists today | |
Swiss Confederacy | Various | Confederacy | c. 1300–1798 | |
Terra Mariana | Various | Confederated bishopric principalities (religious) | 1207–1561 AD | |
Thomond | Ennis | Kingdom | 1118–1543 AD | |
Thuringia | Duchy | 450–1247 AD | ||
Tver | Tver | Principality | 1246–1485 AD | |
Tyrconnell | Dun na nGall | Kingdom | 464–1607 AD | |
Ulster | Kingdom | 465–1177 AD | ||
Uí Failghe | Rathangan, Daingean | Kingdom | 507–1550 AD | |
Visigothic | Various | Kingdom | 418–720 AD | |
Vladimir-Suzdal | Vladimir | Grand Dukedom/client | 1157–1231 AD | |
Wales | Aber Garth Celyn | Principality | 1216–1542 AD | |
Wessex | Winchester | Kingdom | 519–1018 AD | |
South and East
Name | Capital/s | State type | Existed | Flag |
---|---|---|---|---|
Achaea | Andravida, Mystras | Principality | 1205–1432 AD | |
Angelokastron and Lepanto | Angelokastron | Despotate | 1359–1374 AD | |
Aragon | Not specified | Kingdom | 1162–1716 AD | |
Arbanon | Kruja | Principality | 1190–1255 AD | |
Archipelago | Naxos | Duchy | 1207–1579 AD | |
Argos & Nauplia | Nauplia | Lordship/client | 1212–1388 AD | |
Arta | Arta | Despotate | 1359–1374 AD | |
Arta,Angelokastron and Lepanto | Arta | Despotate | 1374–1416 AD | |
Asturias | Various | Kingdom | 718–924 AD | |
Athens | Athens | Duchy | 1205–1458 AD | |
Avar Khaganate | Not specified | Khaganate | 567–804 AD | |
Benevento | Benevento | Dukedom/Principality/Client | 571–1074 AD | |
Bodonitsa | Benevento | Marquisate/client | 1204–1414 AD | |
Byzantine Empire | Constantinople | Empire | 395–1453 AD | |
Old Great Bulgaria | Phanagoria | Absolute monarchy, Khaganate | 632–668 AD | |
Volga Bulgaria | Bolghar, Bilär | Monarchy, Khaganate | 7th century–1240s AD | |
First Bulgarian Empire | Pliska (681–893), Preslav (893–968/972), Skopje, Ohrid, Bitola (until 1018) | Empire | 681–1018 AD | |
Second Bulgarian Empire | Tarnovo (1185 –1393) Vidin and Nikopol (1393–1396) | Empire | 1185–1396 AD | |
Carolingian Empire | Aachen | Empire | 800–888 AD | |
Castile | Various | Kingdom | 1230–1516 AD | |
Catalonia | Barcelona | Principality | 1162–1716 AD | |
Ceva | Ceva | Marquisate | 1125–1427 AD | |
Córdoba | Córdoba | Principality | 756–929 AD | |
Cordoba | Córdoba | Kingdom | 929–1031 AD | |
Crete | Chandax | Principality | 824–961 AD | |
Crimean Khanate | Stary Krym, Bakhchisaray | Khanate | 1449–1783 AD | |
Croatian duchy | Various | Principality | c. 800–925 AD | |
Croatia | Various | Kingdom | 925–1102 AD | |
Cumania | Not specified | Nomadic confederation | 900–1220 AD | |
Dobruja | Karvuna | Despotate | 1356–1411 AD | |
Florence | Florence | Republic | 1115–1532 AD | |
Frankish Empire | Tournai, Paris | Kingdom/Empire | 431–768 AD | |
Galicia | A Coruña | Kingdom | 409–1833 AD | |
Genoa | Genoa | Republic | 1005–1797 AD | |
Golden Horde | Sarai Batu | Nomadic kingdom | 1240–1502 AD | |
Hispanica | Girona? | Marquisate | 795–801 AD | |
Holy Roman Empire | No official | Empire | 962–1806 AD | |
Hungary | Esztergom, Székesfehérvár | Principality | 895–1000 AD | |
Hungary | Various | Kingdom | 1000–1918/ 1920–1946 AD | |
Khanate of Kazan | Kazan | Khanate | 1438–1552 AD | |
Kievan Rus' | Kiev | Federated principalities | 882–1283 AD | |
Khazar Khaganate | Various | Nomadic Kingdom | 618–1048 AD | |
Kutrigurs | Nomadic confederation/client | 453–8th century AD | ||
Latin Empire | Constantinople | Empire | 1204–1261 AD | |
León | Leon | Kingdom | 910–1230 AD | |
Lithuania | Vilnius | Grand Dukemond | 1236–1569 AD | |
Lombard | Pavia | Kingdom | 568–774 AD | |
Lower Pannonia | Various | Principality/client | 839–875 AD | |
Lucca | Lucca | Republic | 1160–1805 AD | |
Magyar | Not specified | Tribal Confederation/Principality | 1100 BC–895 AD | |
Majorca | Palma, Perpignan | Kingdom | 1231–1715 AD | |
Mongol Empire | Avarga, Karakorum, Dadu | Empire | 1206–1368 AD | |
Navarre | Pamplona | Kingdom | 824–1841 AD | |
Narentines | Tribal chiefdom/countship/dukedom | 6th–10th centuries AD | ||
Neopatras | Neopatras | Duchy | 1319–1390 | |
Papal | Rome | Pontifical states | 754–1870 AD | |
Philippopolis | Philippopolis | Duchy | 1204–1205 AD | |
Portugal | Various | Kingdom | 1139–1910 AD | |
Ragusa | Ragusa | Republic | 1358–1807 AD | |
Salona | Salona | Lordship | 1212–1394 | |
San Marino | San Marino | Republic | 301 AD–state exists today | |
Sardinia | Cagliari, Turin | Kingdom | 1324–1861 AD | |
Savoy | Not specified | Dukedom | 1416–1714 | |
Principality of Serbia | Ras | Principality | 7th century–c. 970 | |
Grand Principality of Serbia | Ras | Grand Principality | c. 1080–1217 | |
Kingdom of Serbia | Ras, Žiča, Prizren | Kingdom | 1217-1346 | |
Serbian Empire | Skopje, Prizren | Empire | 1346–1371 | |
Principality of Serbia | Kruševac | Principality | 1371-1402 | |
Serbian Despotate | Kuševac, Beograd, Smederevo | Despotate | 1402–1459 | |
Sicily | Various | Kingdom | 1130–1816 AD | |
Spain | Toledo, Madrid | Kingdom | 1479 AD–state exists today | |
Taifa | Various | Confederation of kingdoms/principalities | 1011–1571 AD | |
Travunia | Trebinje | Principality/client | 850–1482 AD | |
Thessalonica | Thessalonica | Kingdom | 1204–1224 AD | |
Tridentum | Benevento | Dukedom/Principality (religious) | 574–1802 AD | |
Valencia | Valencia | Kingdom | 1238–1707 AD | |
Venice | Venice | Republic | 697–1797 AD | |
Vidin | Vidin | Tsardom | 1356–1365 AD | |
Visigothic | Various | Kingdom | 418–720 AD | |
Middle East and North Africa
Name | Capital | State type | Existed | Flag |
---|---|---|---|---|
Abbasid Caliphate | Baghdad | Empire (religious) | 750–1256 AD | |
Adiabene | Arbela | Kingdom/client | 164 BC–379 AD | |
Almoravid | Aghmat, Marrakesh | Empire | 1040–1147 AD | |
Almohad | Tinmel, Marrakesh | Empire (religious) | 1121–1269 AD | |
Ammar | Tripoli | Principality/client (religious) | 1070–1109 AD | |
Bavand | Perim, Sari, Amol | Kingdom | 651–1349 AD | |
Antioch | Antioch | Principality/client | 1098–1268 AD | |
Assaf | Ghazir | Lordship/client | 1306–1591 AD | |
Aq Qoyunlu | Various | Confederate/Sultanate | 1378–1501 AD | |
Armenian Cilicia | Tarsus, Sis | Kingdom | 1198–1375 AD | |
Arminiya | Dvin | Principality/client | 653–884 AD | |
Ayyubid | Cairo | Confederated principalities/empire | 1171–1341 AD | |
Byzantine Empire | Constantinople | Empire | 330–1453 AD | |
Buwayhids | Shiraz, Ray, Baghdad | Emirate | 934–1062 AD | |
Cyprus | Nicosia | Kingdom | 1192–1489 AD | |
Dabuyid | Amol, Sari, Fuman | Kingdom | 642–760 AD | |
Edessa | Edessa, Turbessel | Countship | 1098–1150 AD | |
Fatimid Caliphate | Mahdia, Al-Mansuriya, Cairo | Empire | 909–1171 AD | |
Galilee | Tiberias | Principality/client | 1099–1187 AD | |
Ghassanid | Balka, Harith, Petra, Sideir | Kingdom | 220–712 AD | |
Ghurid | Various | Sultanate | 879–1215 AD | |
Hamdanid | Mosul, Aleppo | Emirate | 890–1003 AD | |
Hammadid | Beni Hammad, Bejaia | Kingdom | 1014–1152 AD | |
Hafsid | Tunis | Sultanate | 1229–1574 AD | |
Harfush | Baalbek | Lordship/client | 1490–1865 AD | |
Idrisids | Fez | Empire (religious) | 788–985 AD | |
Ikhshidid | Fustat | Emirate | 935–969 AD | |
Ilkhanate | Maragha, Tabriz, Soltaniyeh | Nomadic kingdom | 1256–1335 AD | |
Jaffa and Ascalon | Jaffa | Countship/client | 1100–1268 AD | |
Jarrahids | Ramla | Emirate/client | 970–1107 AD | |
Jerusalem | Jerusalem | Kingdom | 1099–1291 AD | |
Kara Koyunlu | Tabriz | Confederation | 1374–1468 AD | |
Khazar Khaganate | Atil, Balanjar, Semender | Nomadic kingdom | 618–1048 AD | |
Lakhmids | Al-Hirah | Kingdom/client | 300–602 AD | |
Latin Empire | Constantinople | Empire/client | 1204–1261 AD | |
Mamluk | Cairo | Sultanate | 1250–1517 AD | |
Marwanids | Diyarbakir | Emirate | 983–1085 AD | |
Ma'n | Chouf | Lordship/client | 1120–1697 AD | |
Mirdasid | Aleppo | Emirate | 1024–1080 AD | |
Mongol Empire | Avarga, Karakorum, Dadu | Empire | 1206–1368 AD | |
Nabhanis | Bahla | Kingdom | 1154–1624 AD | |
Nekor | Temsaman, Nekor | Emirate | 710–1012 AD | |
Nicaea | Nicaea | Empire/client | 1204–1261 AD | |
Nizari Ismaili | Alamut Castle, Masyaf | Military order | 1090–1273 AD | |
Numayrids | Harran | Emirate | 990–1081 AD | |
Ottoman Empire | Söğüt, Bursa, Edirne, Istanbul | Empire | 1299–1922 AD | |
Oultrejordain | Montreal (Arabah), Kerak | Lordship/client | 1118–1199 AD | |
Qarmatians | al-Hasa | Republic (Utopia) | 899–1067 AD | |
Rüm | Nicaea, Iconium | Sultanate | 1077–1307 AD | |
Rassids | Not specified | Imamate | 897–1962 AD | |
Rawadids | Tabriz | Emirate | 955–1071 AD | |
Sasanian Empire | Istakhr, Cteisphon | Empire | 224–651 AD | |
Sidon | Sidon | Lordship/client | 1110–1260 AD | |
Seljuk | Nishapur, Rey, Isfahan, Merv, Hamadan | Empire | 1037–1194 AD | |
Tahirids | Merv, Nishapur | Emirate | 821–873 AD | |
Tlemcen | Tlemcen | Kingdom | 1235–1554 AD | |
Trebizond Empire | Trebizond | Empire/client | 1204–1461 AD | |
Tripoli | Tripoli | Countship/client | 1102–1289 AD | |
Tulunids | Al-Qata'i | Emirate | 868–905 AD | |
Umayyad Caliphate | Dammascus, Harran | Empire (religious) | 661–750 AD | |
Uqaylid | Mosul | Emirate | 990–1096 AD | |
Uyunid | Al Hasa, Awal, Qatif | Emirate | 1076–1253 AD | |
Yu'firids | Sana'a, Shibam Kawkabam | Principality | 847–997 AD | |
Zengid | Aleppo | Emirate | 1127–1250 AD | |
Ziyadid | Zabid | Emirate (religious) | 819–1018 AD | |
Zurayids | Aden | Tribal confederacy (religious) | 1083–1174 AD | |
Eurasian Steppe and Central Asia
Name | Capital | State type | Existed | Flag |
---|---|---|---|---|
Afrighid | Kath | Kingdom/client | 305–995 AD | |
Avar Khaganate | Khaganate | 567–804 AD | ||
Balhae Empire | Dongmo | Empire | 698–926 AD | |
Barsil | Tribal union | 600–700 AD | ||
Old Great Bulgaria | Phanagoria | Absolute monarchy, Khaganate | 632–668 AD | |
Volga Bulgaria | Bolghar, Bilär | Monarchy, Khaganate | 7th century–1240s AD | |
First Bulgarian Empire | Pliska (681–893), Preslav (893–968/972), Skopje, Ohrid, Bitola (until 1018) | Empire | 681–1018 AD | |
Second Bulgarian Empire | Tarnovo (1185 –1393) Vidin and Nikopol (1393–1396) | Empire | 1185–1396 AD | |
Cumania | Not specified | Nomadic confederation | 900–1220 AD | |
Georgia | Kutaisi, Tbilisi | Kingdom | 1008–1491 AD | |
Göktürk Khaganate | Ordu Baliq | Nomadic confederation | 552–747 AD | |
Golden Horde | Sarai Batu | Khanate | 1240–1502 AD | |
Ghurid | Various | Sultanate | 879–1215 AD | |
Iberia | Tbilisi | Principality | 580–891 AD | |
Ilkhanate | Various | Nomadic Kingdom | 1256–1335 AD | |
Khamag Mongol | Tribal confederation/khanate | 1120–1206 AD | ||
Kara-Khanid Khanate | Various | Nomadic confederation | 840–1212 AD | |
Kashgar | Kashgar | Kingdom/Client | 80–850 AD | |
Kievan Rus' | Kiev | Federated principalities | 882–1283 AD | |
Khazar Khaganate | Various | Nomadic kingdom | 618–1048 AD | |
Khitan | Shangjing | Kingdom/client | 388–1211 AD | |
Lazica | Phasis | Kingdom/client | 1st century BC–7th century AD | |
Magyar | Tribal Confederation/principality | 1100 BC–895 AD | ||
Mongol Empire | Various | Empire | 1206–1368 AD | |
Rus' Khaganate | Not specified | Tribal kingdom | 830–899 AD | |
Sarir | Humraj | Kingdom/client | 453–1000 AD | |
Song Empire | Bianjing, Lin'an | Empire | 960–1279 AD | |
Tang Empire | Chang'an, Luoyang | Empire | 618–907 AD | |
Tatar | Not specified | Confederation | 8th century–1202 AD | |
Tibetan Empire | Lhasa, Pho brang | Empire | 618–841 AD | |
Turgesh Khaganate | Balasagun | Nomadic Empire | 699–766 AD | |
Umayyad Caliphate | Dammascus, Harran | Empire (religious) | 661–750 AD | |
Yuan Empire | Khanbaliq | Nomadic empire | 1271–1368 AD | |
East Asia
Name | Capital | State type | Existed | Flag |
---|---|---|---|---|
Balhae Empire | Dongmo | Empire | 698–926 AD | |
Bruneian Empire | Various | Empire | 7th–19th centuries AD | |
Đại Việt / Annam | Thăng Long | Kingdom | 938–1400 AD / 1428–1804 AD | |
Đại Ngu | Tây Đô | Kingdom | 1400–1407 AD | |
Butuan | Butuan | Kingdom | 1001–1521 AD | |
Champa | Indrapura, Vijaya, Panduranga | Kingdom | 192–1832 AD | |
Chenla | Bhavapura, Isanapura | Kingdom | 550–706 AD | |
Chūzan | Urasoe | Kingdom | 1314–1429 AD | |
Dharmasraya | Dharmasraya, Muaro Jambi | Kingdom | 1183–1347 AD | |
Göktürk Khaganate | Ordu Baliq | Nomadic Confederacy | 552–747 AD | |
Hokuzan | Nakijin | Kingdom | 1322–1466 AD | |
Great Jin | Various | Empire | 1115–1254 AD | |
Japan | Various | Empire | 660 BC–present day | |
Kara-Khanid Khanate | Balasagun, Kashgar, Samarkand | Nomadic confederation | 840–1212 AD | |
Khitan | Shangjing | Kingdom/Client | 388–1211 AD | |
Khotan | Khotan | Kingdom | 56–1006 AD | |
Langkasuka | Kedah, Pattani | Kingdom | 100–1516 AD | |
Lavo | Lavo, Ayodhaya | Kingdom | 450–1388 AD | |
Madya-as | Not specified | Confederation | 1200–1569 AD | |
Melayu | Jambi | Kingdom | 4th–13th centuries AD | |
Mongol Empire | Avarga, Karakorum, Dadu | Empire | 1206–1368 AD | |
Nanzan | Nanzan | Kingdom | 13th century–1429 AD | |
Pyu | Sri Ksetra | Federated City States | 250 BC–1085 AD | |
Ryukyu | Shuri | Kingdom | 1429–1879 AD | |
Silla | Gyeongju | Kingdom | 55 BC–935 AD | |
Song Empire | Bianjing, Lin'an | Empire | 960–1279 AD | |
Sulu | Various | Sultanate/client | 1405–1915 AD | |
Sunda | Pakuan Pajajaran, Kawali | Kingdom | 669–1579 AD | |
Tang Empire | Chang'an, Luoyang | Empire | 618–907 AD | |
Tibetan Empire | Lhasa, Pho brang | Empire | 618–841 AD | |
Thaton | Thaton | Kingdom | 300 BC–1085 AD | |
Usan | Kingdom | 512–930 AD | ||
Yuan Empire | Khanbaliq | Nomadic Empire | 1271–1368 AD | |
Vạn Xuân | Longbian | Kingdom | 544–603 AD | |
South and Southeast Asia
Name | Capital | State type | Existed | Flag |
---|---|---|---|---|
Anuradhapura | Anuradhapura | Kingdom | 377 BC–1017 AD | |
Ay | Aykudi | Kingdom | 4th century BC–12th century AD | |
Bahmani | Gulbarga, Bidar | Kingdom | 1347–1527 AD | |
Bumthang | Chakhar Gutho | Kingdom | 7th–17th centuries AD | |
Cochin | Various | Kingdom | 12th century–1947 AD | |
Eastern Chalukya | Vengi, Rajamundry | Kingdom | 624–1129 AD | |
Garhwal | Various | Kingdom | 888–1949 AD | |
Ghurid | Various | Sultanate | 879–1215 AD | |
Gurjara Pratihara Empire | Kannauj | Empire | 650–1036 AD | |
Ilkhanate | Maragha, Tabriz, Soltaniyeh | Nomadic kingdom | 1256–1335 AD | |
Jaisalmer | Jaisalmer | Principality | 1156–1947 AD | |
Kamarupa | Pragjyotishpur, Haruppeswara, Durjaya | Kingdom | 350–1140 AD | |
Kabul Shahi | Kabul, Waihind | Kingdom/Empire | 6th century–1026 AD | |
Maitraka Empire | Vallabhi | Empire | 475–767 AD | |
Maukhari Empire | Kannauj | Empire | 550–700 AD | |
Mongol Empire | Avarga, Karakorum, Dadu | Empire | 1206–1368 AD | |
Mysore | Mysore, Srirangapatna | Kingdom | 1399–1947 AD | |
Pallava Empire | Kanchi | Empire | 250 BC–800 AD | |
Rajarata | Anuradhapura, Sigiriya, Polonnaruwa | Kingdom | 377 BC–1310 AD | |
Sirmoor | Sirmür | Principality | 1095–1948 AD | |
Tibetan Empire | Lhasa, Pho brang | Empire | 618–841 AD | |
Umayyad Caliphate | Dammascus, Harran | Empire (religious) | 661–750 AD | |
Western Ganga | Kolar, Talakad | Kingdom | 350–1000 AD | |
Yuan Empire | Khanbaliq | Nomadic Empire | 1271–1368 AD | |
Sub-Saharan Africa
Name | Capital | State type | Existed | Flag |
---|---|---|---|---|
Adal | Zeila, Dakkar, Harrar | Sultanate | 1415–1559 AD | |
Ajuran Empire | Mareeg, Qelafo, Mecca | Empire | 13th–17th centuries AD | |
Aksumite Empire | Aksum | Empire | 100–960 AD | |
Alodia | Soba | Empire | 680–1504 AD | |
Angoche | Angoche, Moma | Kingdom | 1485–1910 AD | |
Benin Empire | Benin City | Empire | 1440–1897 AD | |
Bornu Empire | Ngazargamu | Empire | 1380–1893 AD | |
Blemmyes | Tribal Kingdom | 600 BC–8th century AD | ||
Ethiopian Empire | Addis Ababa | Empire | 1137–1975 AD | |
Gao | Gao | Empire | 9th century–1430 AD | |
Ghana Empire | Koumbi Saleh | Empire | 400–1235 AD | |
Great Fulo | Anyam-Godo | Empire | 1490–1776 AD | |
Jolof | Linguere | Empire | 1350–1549 AD | |
Kaabu | Kansala | Empire | 1537–1867 AD | |
Kanem Empire | Njimi | Empire | 700–1387 AD | |
Kongo | São Salvador | Kingdom/client | 1390–1914 AD | |
Makuria | Dongola | Kingdom | 340–1312 AD | |
Mali | Niali, Kangaba | Empire | 1230–1670 AD | |
Mapungubwe | Not specified | Kingdom | 1075–1220 AD | |
Mutapa | Zvongombe | Kingdom | 1430–1760 AD | |
Nobatia | Pachoras | Kingdom | 350–650 AD | |
Nri | Igbo-Ukwu | Kingdom | 948–1911 AD | |
Oyo Empire | Oyo-Ile | Kingdom | 1400–1905 AD | |
Shilluk | Fashoda | Kingdom | 1490–1865 AD | |
Songhai Empire | Gao | Empire | 1464–1591 AD | |
Pre-Columbian Americas
These are prehistoric states, listed either based on archaeological evidence or based on their existence at the time of European contact.
Name | Capital | State type | Existed | Flag |
---|---|---|---|---|
Aztec Empire | Tenochtitlan | Empire | 1428–1521 AD | |
Cañari | Tumebamba | Tribal Confederacy | 500–1533 AD | |
Maya | Various | Kingdom City States | 2000 BC–900AD | |
Moche | Moche-Trujillo. | United Independent Polities | 100–800 AD | |
Nazca | Various | Tribal chiefdom's | 100 BC–800 AD | |
Pueblo | Various | Tribal chiefdom's | 12th century BC–14th century AD | |
Teotihuacan Empire | Teotihuacan | Empire | 100 BC–8th century AD | |
Tiwanakun Empire | Tiwanaku | Empire | 300–1000 AD | |
Wari Empire | Huari | Empire | 500–1100 AD | |
Zapotec | Kingdom City States | 700 BC–1521 AD | ||
See also
- List of Bronze Age states (c. 3300–1200 BC)
- List of Iron Age states (c. 1200–600 BC)
- List of Classical Age states (c. 600 BC–200 AD)
- List of states during Late Antiquity (c. 200–700)
- List of former sovereign states
- Timeline of the Middle Ages
- List of pre-modern great powers
- List of pre-modern states
References
- Salway, Peter. "Gaelic Kingdoms: Kingdoms of Caledonia". 2014. The History Files. Archived from the original on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 13 June 2014.