List of sovereign states in the 1930s

This is a list of sovereign states in the 1930s, giving an overview of states around the world during the period between 1 January 1930 and 31 December 1939. It contains entries, arranged alphabetically, with information on the status and recognition of their sovereignty. It includes widely recognized sovereign states, entities which were de facto sovereign but which were not widely recognized by other states, and 1 state which was initially unrecognized but then gained full recognition later in the decade.

Sovereign states
Name and capital city Information on status and recognition of sovereignty

A

→ Afghanistan – Kingdom of Afghanistan
Capital: Kabul		 Widely recognized independent state
Albania – Albanian Kingdom (to 12 April 1939)
Capital: Tirana		 Widely recognized independent state.
→ Andorra – Principality of Andorra
Capital: Andorra la Vella		 Widely recognized independent state.
 Argentina – Argentine Republic
Capital: Buenos Aires		 Widely recognized independent state. Argentina was a federation of 23 provinces and 10 federal territories.[1] It had a claim over Argentine Antarctica. It also claimed the Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, both of which were British overseas territories.
 Australia – Commonwealth of Australia (dominion of the British Empire)
Capital: Canberra		 Widely recognized independent state; Commonwealth realm. Australia was a federation of six states and three territories.[2] It had sovereignty over the following external territories:
→ Austria – Republic of Austria (to 1 May 1934)
Capital: Vienna 		Widely recognized independent state.

B

 Belgium – Kingdom of Belgium
Capital: Brussels		 Widely recognized independent state. Belgium had sovereignty over one colony and one concession:
 Bolivia – Republic of Bolivia

Capital: Sucre (official), La Paz (administrative)

 Widely recognized independent state.
 Brazil – United States of Brazil
Capital: Rio de Janeiro		 Widely recognized independent state.
 Bulgaria – Kingdom of Bulgaria
Capital: Sofia		 Widely recognized independent state.

C

 Canada – Dominion of Canada (Dominion of the British Empire to 11 December 1931)
Capital: Ottawa		 Widely recognized independent state.
 Carpatho-Ukraine – Carpatho-Ukraine (from 15 March 1939 to 18 March 1939)
Capital: Khust		 Unrecognized state.
 Chile – Republic of Chile
Capital: Santiago
  • Republic of Chile (to 4 June 1932)
  • Socialist Republic of Chile (from 4 June 1932 to 13 September 1932)
  • Republic of Chile (from 13 September 1932)
 Widely recognized independent state.
 China – Republic of China
Capital: Nanking		 Widely recognized independent state.
 Colombia – Republic of Colombia
Capital: Bogotá		 Widely recognized independent state.
 Costa Rica – Republic of Costa Rica
Capital: San José		 Widely recognized independent state.
 Cuba – Republic of Cuba
Capital: Havana		 Widely recognized independent state.
 Czechoslovakia – Czechoslovak Republic
Capital: Prague 		Widely recognized independent state.

D

 Danzig – Free City of Danzig (to 12 September 1939)
Capital: Danzig		 Widely recognized independent state.
 Denmark – Kingdom of Denmark
Capital: Copenhagen		 Widely recognized independent state. Denmark had sovereignty over one Possession:
 Dominican Republic
Capital: Santo Domingo		 Widely recognized independent state.

E

Ecuador – Republic of Ecuador
Capital: Quito		 Widely recognized independent state.
 Kingdom of Egypt – Kingdom of Egypt
Capital: Cairo		 Widely recognized independent state.
 El Salvador – Republic of El Salvador
Capital: San Salvador		 Widely recognized independent state.
 Estonia – Republic of Estonia
Capital: Tallinn		 Widely recognized independent state.
 Ethiopia – Ethiopian Empire (to 9 May 1936)
Capital: Addis Ababa		 Widely recognized independent state.

F

 Finland – Republic of Finland
Capital: Helsinki		 Widely recognized independent state.
France – French Republic
Capital: Paris		 Widely recognized independent state. France had sovereignty over 13 colonies:

France administered the foreign affairs of the following protectorates:

G

→ → Germany – German Realm
Capital: Berlin		 Widely recognized independent state.
→ Greece – Hellenic Republic (to 3 November 1935), Kingdom of Greece (from 3 November 1935)
Capital: Athens		 Widely recognized independent state.
 Guatemala – Republic of Guatemala
Capital: Guatemala City		 Widely recognized independent state.

H

 Haiti – Republic of Haiti
Capital: Port-au-Prince		 Widely recognized independent state.
 Hatay – Hatay State (from 7 September 1938 to 7 July 1939)
Capital: Antakya		 Widely recognized independent state.
 Honduras – Republic of Honduras
Capital: Tegucigalpa		 Widely recognized independent state.
 Hungary – Kingdom of Hungary
Capital: Budapest		 Widely recognized independent state.

I

 Iceland – Kingdom of Iceland
Capital: Reykjavik		 Widely recognized independent state.
Persia / Iran
Capital: Tehran
  • Imperial State of Persia (to 21 March 1935)
  • Imperial State of Iran (from 21 March 1935)
 Widely recognized independent state.
Iraq – Kingdom of Iraq (from 3 October 1932)
Capital: Baghdad		 Widely recognized independent state.
 Ireland – Irish Free State (Dominion of the British Empire to December 11, 1931)
Capital: Dublin		 Widely recognized independent state.
 Italy – Kingdom of Italy
Capital: Rome		 Widely recognized independent state. Italy had sovereignty over 4 colonies and one concession:

J

 Japan – Empire of Japan
Capital: Tokyo		 Widely recognized independent state. Japan had sovereignty over 3 colonies and 2 concessions:

L

 Latvia – Republic of Latvia
Capital: Riga		 Widely recognized independent state.
 Liberia – Republic of Liberia
Capital: Monrovia		 Widely recognized independent state.
 Liechtenstein – Principality of Liechtenstein
Capital: Vaduz		 Widely recognized independent state.
 Lithuania – Republic of Lithuania
Capital: Vilnius		 Widely recognized independent state.
 Luxembourg – Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
Capital: Luxembourg City		 Widely recognized independent state.

M

→  Mexico – United Mexican States
Capital: Mexico City		 Widely recognized independent state. Mexico had sovereignty over one territory:
 Monaco – Principality of Monaco
Capital: Monaco City		 Widely recognized independent state.
Mongolia – Mongolian People's Republic
Capital: Ulaanbataar		 Widely recognized independent state.

N

→ Nejd and Hejaz – (personal union to 23 September 1932), Saudi Arabia (from September 23, 1932)
Capital: Riyadh
  • – Kingdom of Nejd and Hejaz
    • Nejd – Kingdom of Nejd and its Dependencies (to September 23, 1932)
    • Hejaz – Kingdom of Hejaz (to September 23, 1932)
  • Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (from September 23, 1932)
 Widely recognized independent state. Nejd had sovereignty over one protectorate:
  • Asir – Emirate of Asir (Protectorate, to November 20, 1930)
Nepal – Kingdom of Nepal
Capital: Kathmandu		 Widely recognized independent state.
 Netherlands – Kingdom of the Netherlands
Capital: Amsterdam		 Widely recognized independent state. Netherlands had sovereignty over 3 colonies:
→ Newfoundland – Dominion of Newfoundland (dominion of the British Empire to 16 February 1934)
Capital: St. John's		 Widely recognized independent state.
New Zealand – Dominion of New Zealand (dominion of the British Empire)
Capital: Wellington		 Widely recognized independent state. New Zealand had sovereignty over 4 dependent territories:
 Nicaragua – Republic of Nicaragua
Capital: Managua		 Widely recognized independent state.
 Norway – Kingdom of Norway
Capital: Oslo		 Widely recognized independent state. Norway had sovereignty over 3 uninhabited possessions:

P

 Panama – Republic of Panama
Capital: Panama City		 Widely recognized independent state.
 Paraguay – Republic of Paraguay
Capital: Asunción		 Widely recognized independent state.
 Peru – Peruvian Republic
Capital: Lima		 Widely recognized independent state.
Poland – Republic of Poland (to 6 October 1939)
Capital: Warsaw		 Widely recognized independent state.
Portugal – Portuguese Republic
Capital: Lisbon		 Widely recognized independent state. Portugal had sovereignty over 8 colonies and 1 possession:

R

 Romania – Kingdom of Romania
Capital: Bucharest		 Widely recognized independent state.

S

 San Marino – Most Serene Republic of San Marino
Capital: San Marino		 Widely recognized independent state.
Siam / Thailand
Capital: Bangkok
  • Kingdom of Siam (to 23 June 1939)
  • Kingdom of Thailand (from 23 June 1939)
 Widely recognized independent state.
 South Africa – Union of South Africa (dominion of the British Empire)
Capital: Pretoria (administrative), Cape Town (legislative), Pietermaritzburg (archival), Bloemfontein (judicial)		 Widely recognized independent state.
 Soviet Union – Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Capital: Moscow		 Widely recognized independent state.
→ → Spain
Capital: Madrid (1930–1936), Valencia (1936–1937), Barcelona (1937–1939)
  • Kingdom of Spain (1930)
  • Spanish Republic (1931–1939)
  • Spanish State (from 1 April 1939)
 Widely recognized independent state. Spain had sovereignty over 4 colonies:
 Sweden – Kingdom of Sweden
Capital: Stockholm		 Widely recognized independent state.
  Switzerland – Swiss Confederation
Capital: Bern		 Widely recognized independent state.

T

 Turkey – Republic of Turkey
Capital: Ankara		 Widely recognized independent state.

U

 United Kingdom – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Capital: London		 Widely recognized independent state. The United Kingdom had sovereignty over 61 colonies:
 United States – United States of America
Capital: Washington, D.C.		 Widely recognized independent state. The United States had sovereignty over 21 territories:
 Uruguay – Eastern Republic of Uruguay
Capital: Montevideo		 Widely recognized independent state.

V

  Vatican City – Vatican City State
Capital: Vatican City		 Widely recognized independent state.
→  Venezuela – United States of Venezuela
Capital: Caracas		 Widely recognized independent state.

Y

Yemen – Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen
Capital: Sana'a		 Widely recognized independent state.
 Yugoslavia – Kingdom of Yugoslavia
Capital: Belgrade		 Widely recognized independent state.

Other entities

Excluded from the list above are the following noteworthy entities which either were not fully sovereign or did not claim to be independent:

  • Ararat – Republic of Ararat (to September 17, 1930)
    Capital: Kurd Ava
  • Catalonia – Catalan Republic (from April 14 to April 28, 1931 and from October 6 to October 7, 1934)
    Capital: Barcelona
  • China, Provisional Government of – Provisional Government of the Republic of China (from December 14, 1937)
    Capital: Beiping
  • China, Reformed Government of – Reformed Government of the Republic of China (from March 28, 1938)
    Capital: Nanjing
  • Democratic Finland – Finnish Democratic Republic (from December 1, 1939)
    Capital: Helsinki (official), Terijoki (de facto)
  • East Hebei – East Hebei Autonomous Council (from November 25, 1935)
    Capital: Tungchow
  • East Turkestan – Turkish Islamic Republic of East Turkestan (from November 12, 1933 to February 6, 1934)
    Capital: Kashgar
  • Jiangxi – Chinese Soviet Republic (from November 7, 1931 to October 15, 1934)
    Capital: Ruijin (1931–1936), Bao'an (1936–1937), Yan'an (1937)
  •  Manchukuo – State of Manchuria (from February 18, 1932)
    Capital: Hsinking
    • State of Manchuria (to March 1, 1934)
    • Great Empire of Manchuria (from March 1, 1934)
  •  Mengjiang – Mongol Military Government (from May 12, 1936)
    Capital: Kalgan
  • Shanghai – Dadao Municipal Government of Shanghai (from December 5, 1938)
    Capital: Pudong
  • Slovakia – Slovak Republic (from March 14, 1939) (recognized by several neutral States)
    Capital: Bratislava
  •  Tibet
    Capital: Lhasa
  • → → Tuva – Tuvan People's Republic
    Capital: Kyzyl

See also

Notes
  1. 23 Provinces: Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Chubut (from 15 June 1955), Córdoba, Corrientes, Entre Ríos, Formosa (from 15 June 1955), Jujuy, La Pampa (renamed Eva Perón from 29 January 1952 to 27 April 1956), La Rioja, Mendoza, Misiones (from 1953), Neuquén (from 15 June 1955), Presidente Juan Perón (from 10 August 1951, renamed Chaco on 27 April 1956), Río Negro (from 15 June 1955), Salta, San Juan, San Luis, Santa Cruz (from 1957), Santa Fe, Santiago del Estero, Tucumán. 10 Territories: Buenos Aires, Chaco (to 10 August 1951, renamed Presidente Juan Perón on 1950), Chubut (to 15 June 1955), Formosa (to 15 June 1955), Misiones (to 1953), Neuquén (to 15 June 1955), Río Negro (to 15 June 1955), Santa Cruz (to 1957), Tierra del Fuego.
  2. 6 States: New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia. 3 Territories: Australian Capital Territory, Jervis Bay Territory, Northern Territory.
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