List of political entities in the 19th century

This is a list of political entities in the 19th century (1801–1900) AD. It includes both sovereign states, self-declared unrecognized states, and any political predecessors of current sovereign states.

See also: List of state leaders in the 19th century

Political entities
FlagNameCapital(s)State typeExistedLocation
Portuguese AngolaLuandaColony, Portuguese1575–1975Africa: Central
Kingdom of KongoSão SalvadorKingdom/client1390–1914Africa: Central
Anziku KingdomKingdom17th century–1875Africa: Central
Kingdom of BaguirmiKingdom1522–1897Africa: Central
KamerunColony (Germany)1884–1916Africa: Central
French ChadColony, French1900–1960Africa: Central
Congo Free StateKingdom1885–1908Africa: Central
Kuba KingdomKingdomc.1600–19th centuryAfrica: Central
French CongoColony, French1882–1910Africa: Central
Kingdom of OrunguKingdomc.1700–1927Africa: Central
Kasanje KingdomKingdom1620–1910Africa: Central
Kazembe chiefdomChiefdom1740–1904Africa: Central
Kingdom of LoangoKingdomc.1550–c.1883Africa: Central
Kingdom of LubaKingdom1585–1889Africa: Central
Kingdom of LundaKingdomc.1665–1887Africa: Central
Ouaddai EmpireEmpire1635–1909Africa: Central
Portuguese São Tomé and PríncipeColony, Portuguese1470–1975Africa: Central
Wadai EmpireEmpire1635–1909Africa: Central
Yeke KingdomBunkeyaKingdom1856–1891Africa: Central
Sultans of the ComorosSultanate15th century–c.1912Africa: East
Merina KingdomAntananarivoKingdom1540–1897Africa: East
AnkoleKingdomlate 15th century–1967Africa: East
BugandaKampalaKingdomearly 14th century–1967Africa: East
BunyoroKingdom16th century–1967Africa: East
Shilluk KingdomFashodaKingdomc.1490–1865Africa: East
Medri BahriDebarwaKingdom1137–1890Africa: East, Horn
Aussa SultanateAsaitaSultanate1734–1902Africa: East, Horn
Ethiopian EmpireAddis AbabaEmpire1137–1935; 1942–1974Africa: East, Horn
Kingdom of GaroKingdom1567–1883Africa: East, Horn
Kingdom of GommaKingdomc.1780–1886Africa: East, Horn
Kingdom of GummaKingdomc.1770–1902Africa: East, Horn
Kingdom of JanjeroKingdom15th century–1894Africa: East, Horn
Kingdom of JimmaKingdom1790–1932Africa: East, Horn
Kingdom of KaffaKingdomc.1390–1897Africa: East, Horn
Kingdom of Limmu-EnnareaKingdom1801–1891Africa: East, Horn
Kingdom of WelaytaKingdomc.1250–1894Africa: East, Horn
British SomalilandColony, British1884–1940; 1941–1960Africa: East, Horn
Sultanate of HobyoSultanate1878–1926Africa: East, Horn
Majeerteen SultanateSultanatec.1600–1924Africa: East, Horn
Warsangali SultanateSultanate1218–1886Africa: East, Horn
Kingdom of BurundiKingdom1680–1966Africa: East, Lakes
Sultanate of ZanzibarSultanate1856–1964Africa: East, Lakes
Wituland1858–1885Africa: East, Lakes
Kingdom of RwandaKingdom11th century–1962Africa: East, Lakes
Khedivate of EgyptKhedivate1867–1914Africa: Northeast
Sennar (sultanate)Sultanate1504–1821Africa: Northeast
Anglo-Egyptian SudanColony, British/Egyptian1899–1956Africa: Northeast
Sultanate of DarfurSultanate1603–1874; 1898–1916Africa: Northeast
French AlgeriaColony, French1830–1962Africa: Northwest
Deylik of AlgiersAlgiers Quasi-independent Territory, Ottomansc.1517–1830Africa: Northwest
MoroccoSultanate1664–1912; 1956–presentAfrica: Northwest
Spanish SaharaTerritory, Spanish1884–1975Africa: Northwest
Barotseland17th century–1900Africa: South
Bechuanaland ProtectorateProtectorate1885–1966Africa: South
KaapstadColony, DutchAfrica: South
Gaza EmpireEmpire1824–1895Africa: South
Basutoland1884–1966Africa: South
MaraviLate 15th century–1870Africa: South
Angoche SultanateAngoche, MomaSultanate1485–1910Africa: South
Portuguese MozambiqueColony, Portuguese1498–1975Africa: South
Mthethwa ParamountcyEmpirec.1780–1817Africa: South
Mthwakazi1830s–1889Africa: South
German South-West AfricaColony, German1884–1915Africa: South
Colony of NatalColony, British1843–1910Africa: South
Nieuwe RepubliekRepubliek1884–1888Africa: South
Rozwi EmpireEmpire1660–1866Africa: South
→ British Cape ColonyCape TownColony, British1795–1910Africa: South
Orange Free State1854–1902Africa: South
→ → TransvaalRepublic1856–1877; 1881–1902; 1914–1915Africa: South
Swaziland1745–1906; 1968–presentAfrica: South
Transvaal ColonyColony, British1877–1881; 1902–1910Africa: South
Company rule in RhodesiaCompany rule1890–1924Africa: South
Zulu KingdomKingdom1816–1897Africa: South
BaolKingdom1555–1874Africa: West
Benin EmpireBenin CityEmpire1180–1897Africa: West
DahomeyKingdomc.1600–1904Africa: West
French West AfricaColony, French1895–1958Africa: West
Bornu EmpireNgazargamuEmpire1380–1893Africa: West
Mossi KingdomsKingdoms11th century–1896Africa: West
Portuguese Cape VerdeColony, Portuguese1462–1975Africa: West
CayorKingdom1549–1879Africa: West
Imamate of Futa JallonImamate1725–1896Africa: West
Imamate of Futa ToroImamate1776–1861Africa: West
Gambia Colony and ProtectorateColony, British1821–1965Africa: West
Ashanti EmpireEmpire1670–1902; 1935–1957Africa: West
Gyaaman1450–1895Africa: West
Fante ConfederacyConfederation1868–1874Africa: West
Wassoulou EmpireEmpire1878–1898Africa: West
Baté EmpireEmpireuntil 1879Africa: West
Portuguese GuineaColony, Portuguese1474–1974Africa: West
Kingdom of JolofKingdom1549–1875Africa: West
KaabuKingdom1537–1867Africa: West
Kénédougou KingdomKingdomc.1650–1898Africa: West
KhassoKingdom17th century–1880Africa: West
Kong EmpireEmpire1710–1898Africa: West
Kingdom of KoyaKingdom1505–1896Africa: West
LiberiaRepublic1847–presentAfrica: West
Bamana EmpireEmpire1712–1861Africa: West
Kaarta1753–1890Africa: West
Pashalik of Timbuktu1591–1833Africa: West
Toucouleur EmpireEmpire1848–1893Africa: West
Massina EmpireEmpirec.1818–1862Africa: West
Sultanate of DamagaramSultanate1731–1851Africa: West
Dendi KingdomKingdom1591–1901Africa: West
Aro ConfederacyConfederation1690–1902Africa: West
Kano EmirateEmirate1807–1903Africa: West
Kingdom of NriIgbo-UkwuKingdom948–1911Africa: West
Sokoto CaliphateCaliphate1804–1903Africa: West
Oyo EmpireOyo-IleKingdomc.1400–1896Africa: West
Bundu17th century–1858Africa: West
Kingdom of SineKingdom1350–1969Africa: West
Colonial Sierra LeoneColony, British1800–1961Africa: West
Togoland1884–1916Africa: West
Colony of the BahamasColony, British1648–1973Americas: Caribbean
Captaincy General of CubaTerritory, Spanish1607–1898Americas: Caribbean, Greater Antilles
Dominican RepublicRepublic1844–1861; 1865–presentAmericas: Caribbean, Greater Antilles
First Empire of HaitiEmpire1804–1806Americas: Caribbean, Greater Antilles
Haiti1859–presentAmericas: Caribbean, Greater Antilles
Kingdom of HaitiKingdom1811–1820Americas: Caribbean, Greater Antilles
State of Haiti1806–1811Americas: Caribbean, Greater Antilles
Saint-DomingueColony, French1625–1804Americas: Caribbean, Greater Antilles
List of Governors of AntiguaColony, British1632–1981Americas: Caribbean, Leeward Is.
Colonial DominicaColony, British1715–1978Americas: Caribbean, Leeward Is.
History of Barbados1627–1958; 1962–1966Americas: Caribbean, Windward Is.
Colonial Saint LuciaColony, British1762–1979Americas: Caribbean, Windward Is.
Colonial Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesColony, British1763–1979Americas: Caribbean, Windward Is.
Colonial Trinidad and TobagoColony, British1889–1962Americas: Caribbean, Windward Is.
British HondurasColony, British1862–1981Americas: Central
United Provinces of Central AmericaRepublic1823–1838Americas: Central
Costa Rica1823–presentAmericas: Central
Greater Republic of Central AmericaRepublic1896–1898Americas: Central
El Salvador1841–presentAmericas: Central
Federal Republic of Central AmericaRepublic1823–1838Americas: Central
Captaincy General of GuatemalaTerritory, Spanish1609–1821Americas: Central
Guatemala1823–presentAmericas: Central
Honduras1838–presentAmericas: Central
Mosquito Coast1838–1894Americas: Central
Nicaragua1894–presentAmericas: Central
Royal Greenland Trading DepartmentCompany rule1774–1908Americas: North
Dominion of CanadaKingdom1867–presentAmericas: North, Canada
Republic of ManitobaRepublic1867–1870Americas: North, Canada
Chan Santa Cruzc.1850–1901Americas: North, Mexico
First Mexican EmpireEmpire1821–1823Americas: North, Mexico
MexicoRepublic1867–presentAmericas: North, Mexico
Republic of the Rio GrandeRepublic1840–1840Americas: North, Mexico
Second Mexican EmpireEmpire1864–1867Americas: North, Mexico
Republic of SonoraRepublic1854–1854Americas: North, Mexico
Republic of YucatánRepublic1823; 1841–1848Americas: North, Mexico
California RepublicRepublic1846–1846Americas: North, United States
Cherokee Nation1794–1907Americas: North, United States
→ → → → → Confederate States of AmericaConfederation1861–1865Americas: North, United States
Republic of Indian StreamRepublic1832–1835Americas: North, United States
Republic of MarylandRepublic1854–1857Americas: North, United States
State of Muskogee1799–1803Americas: North, United States
Republic of TexasRepublic1836–1846Americas: North, United States
→ → → → → → → → → → → → → → → → → → → → → United StatesWashington, D.C.Republic1776–presentAmericas: North, United States
Republic of West FloridaRepublic1810–1810Americas: North, United States
Republic of AlabamaUnitary state1861Americas: North, United States
Republic of ArkansasUnitary state1861Americas: North, United States
Republic of FloridaUnitary state1861Americas: North, United States
Republic of LouisianaUnitary state1861Americas: North, United States
Republic of MississippiUnitary state1861Americas: North, United States
North CarolinaUnitary state1861Americas: North, United States
Republic of South CarolinaUnitary state1861Americas: North, United States
Republic of TennesseeUnitary state1861Americas: North, United States
Republic of TexasUnitary state1861Americas: North, United States
Republic of VirginiaUnitary state1861Americas: North, United States
Kingdom of Araucanía and PatagoniaKingdom1860–1862Americas: South
Argentina1861–presentAmericas: South
Buenos Aires1852–1861Americas: South
Argentine ConfederationConfederation1831–1861Americas: South
United Provinces of the River Plate1810–1831Americas: South
Viceroyalty of the Río de la PlataTerritory, Spanish1776–1810Americas: South
Bolivia1839–presentAmericas: South
Republic of AcreRepublic1899-1900; 1903Americas: South
First Brazilian RepublicRepublic1889–1930Americas: South
Captaincy General of ChileTerritory, Spanish1541–1818Americas: South
ChileRepublic1818–presentAmericas: South
Colombia1886–presentAmericas: South
United States of Colombia1863–1886Americas: South
Gran Colombia1821–1831Americas: South
Granadine ConfederationConfederation1858–1863Americas: South
Republic of New GranadaRepublic1831–1858Americas: South
United Provinces of New GranadaRepublic1810–1816Americas: South
Ecuador1830–presentAmericas: South
British GuianaColony, British1814–1966Americas: South
→ Paraguay1811–presentAmericas: South
Peru1839–presentAmericas: South
Viceroyalty of PeruTerritory, Spanish1542–1824Americas: South
Peru–Bolivian ConfederationConfederation1836–1839Americas: South
Portugal, Brazil and the AlgarvesKingdom1815–1822/1825Americas: South
Surinam (Dutch colony)Colony, Dutch1667–1954Americas: South
Liga FederalFederation1815–1820Americas: South
Uruguay1828–presentAmericas: South
United States of Venezuela1864–1953Americas: South
Viceroyalty of New GranadaTerritory, Spanish1717–1819Americas: South, Central
Emirate of AfghanistanEmirate1823–1926; 1929Asia: Central
Durrani EmpireEmpire1747–1826Asia: Central
Kazakh KhanateKhanate1456–1847Asia: Central
Khanate of KokandKhanate1709–1876Asia: Central
Emirate of BukharaEmirate1747–1826Asia: Central
Khanate of KhivaKhanate1511–1920Asia: Central
→ Great QingPekingMonarchy1644–1912Asia: East, China
Republic of FormosaRepublic1895Asia: East, China
Taiping Heavenly Kingdom1851–1864Asia: East, China
Republic of EzoRepublic1869Asia: East, Japan
Empire of JapanEmpire1868–1947Asia: East, Japan
Ryukyu KingdomKingdom1429–1879Asia: East, Japan
Tokugawa shogunateShogunate1600–1868Asia: East, Japan
→ → → JoseonHanseongKingdom1392–1897Asia: East, Korea
Korean EmpireHanseongEmpire1897–1910Asia: East, Korea
Alirajpur StatePrincely state (subsidiary alliance)1437–1948Asia: South
Alwar StatePrincely state (subsidiary alliance)1296–1949Asia: South
AthgarhPrincely state (subsidiary alliance)1178–1949Asia: South
Theocratic BhutanKingdom1616–1907Asia: South
BhutanKingdom1650–1905Asia: South
Kingdom of CochinVariousKingdom12th century–1947Asia: South
Hyderabad State1803–1948Asia: South
Kashmir and JammuKingdom1846-1953Asia: South
Ahom kingdomKingdom1228–1826Asia: South
Ajaigarh State1765–1949Asia: South
Alipura State1757–1950Asia: South
Garhwal KingdomVariousKingdom888–1949Asia: South
British IndiaColony, British1858–1947Asia: South
Company rule in IndiaCompany rule1757–1858Asia: South
Jaisalmer StateJaisalmerPrincipality1156–1947Asia: South
Mughal EmpireEmpire1526–1540; 1555–1857Asia: South
Sirmoor StateSirmürPrincipality1095–1948Asia: South
KharanPrincely state (subsidiary alliance)1697–1948Asia: South
Las BelaPrincely state (subsidiary alliance)1742–1948Asia: South
MakranPrincely state (subsidiary alliance)18th century–1948Asia: South
Huraa dynastyMonarchy1757–1952; 1954–1968Asia: South
Sultanate of the MaldivesSultanate1117–1952; 1954–1968Asia: South
ManipurPrincely state (subsidiary alliance)1110–1949Asia: South
Maratha EmpireEmpire1674–1820Asia: South
Kingdom of MysoreMysore, SrirangapatnaKingdom1399–1947Asia: South
Kingdom of NepalKingdom1768–2008Asia: South
Sikh EmpireEmpire1799–1849Asia: South
Kingdom of SikkimKingdom1642–1975Asia: South
British CeylonColony, British1815–1948Asia: South
Travancore1729–1949Asia: South
Bruneian EmpireVariousEmpire7th century–1888Asia: Southeast
Middle Period CambodiaKingdomearly 15th century–1863Asia: Southeast
Dutch East IndiesColony, Dutch1800–1942; 1945–1949Asia: Southeast
Lanfang RepublicRepublic1777–1884Asia: Southeast
Aceh SultanateSultanate1496–1903Asia: Southeast
Sultanate of BantenSultanate1527–1813Asia: Southeast
Kingdom of ChampasakKingdom1713–1946Asia: Southeast
Federated Malay States1895–1942; 1945–1946Asia: Southeast
Sultanate of PahangSultanate1470–1896Asia: Southeast
Sultanate of PerakSultanate1528–1896Asia: Southeast
Sultanate of SelangorSultanate1745–1896Asia: Southeast
British rule in BurmaColony, British1824–1942; 1945–1948Asia: Southeast
Konbaung DynastyMonarchy1752–1885Asia: Southeast
Sultanate of MaguindanaoSultanate1500–1888Asia: Southeast
Spanish East IndiesColony, Spanish1565–1898Asia: Southeast
Rattanakosin Kingdom of SiamKingdom1782–1932Asia: Southeast
Annam (French protectorate)Protectorate, French1884–1945; 1945–1949Asia: Southeast
ChampaIndrapura, Vijaya, PandurangaKingdom192–1832Asia: Southeast
CochinchinaColony, French1862–1945; 1945–1949Asia: Southeast
→ Empire of DainamEmpire (1802–1883), Protectorate (1884–1945)1802–1945Asia: Southeast
Kingdom of SedangKingdom1888–c.1890Asia: Southeast
Tây Sơn dynastyKingdom1778–1802Asia: Southeast
Tonkin1884–1945; 1945–1949Asia: Southeast
North Borneo1882–1941Asia: Southeast
Kingdom of SarawakKingdom1841–1941; 1945–1946Asia: Southeast
Sultanate of SuluVariousSultanate/client1405–1915Asia: Southeast
Johor SultanateSultanate1528–c.1949Asia: Southeast
Pattani kingdomKingdom1516–1902Asia: Southeast
Straits SettlementsTerritory, British1826–1942; 1945–1946Asia: Southeast
Sublime State of PersiaMonarchy1789–1925Asia: West
Soran EmirateEmirate1530s–1835Asia: West
Sheikhdom of KuwaitSheikhdom1752–1961Asia: West
Muscat and Oman1820–1970Asia: West
Emirate of NejdEmirate1812–1891Asia: West
Oman properImamate751–1970Asia: West
Emirate of DiriyahEmirate1744–1818Asia: West
Emirate of Jabal Shammar (Arabia)Emirate1836–1921Asia: West
Ottoman EmpireEmpire1299–1923Asia: West
Trucial States1820–1971Asia: West
Emirate of BeihanEmirate17th century–1967Asia: West
Emirate of DhalaEmirate15th century–1967Asia: West
Upper Aulaqi SheikhdomSheikhdom18th century–1967Asia: West
Upper Aulaqi SultanateSultanate18th century–1967Asia: West
Upper YafaSultanatec.1800–1967Asia: West
Wahidi Balhafc.1640–1967Asia: West
Wahidi Habanc.1640–1967Asia: West
Kingdom of ImeretiKingdom1260–1810Eurasia: Caucasus
Principality of BulgariaPrincipalityVarious1878–1908Europe: Balkans
Kingdom of GreeceVariousKingdom1832–1924; 1935–1941; 1944–1974Europe: Balkans
United States of the Ionian Islands1815–1864Europe: Balkans
Septinsular RepublicRepublic1800–1815Europe: Balkans
First Hellenic RepublicRepublic1828–1832Europe: Balkans
Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg)Kingdom1527–1868Europe: Balkans
Kingdom of Croatia-SlavoniaKingdom1868–1918Europe: Balkans
Illyrian ProvincesProtectorate, French1809–1816Europe: Balkans
Republic of RagusaRagusaRepublic1358–1807Europe: Balkans
Kosovo Vilayet1877–1913Europe: Balkans
Prince-Bishopric of MontenegroPrince-Bishopric1696–1852Europe: Balkans
Principality of MontenegroPrincipality1852–1910Europe: Balkans
Kingdom of SerbiaKingdom1882–1918Europe: Balkans
Principality of SerbiaPrincipality1815–1882Europe: Balkans
United Kingdom of Great Britain and IrelandLondonKingdom1801–1922Europe: British Isles, UK
Austria-HungaryMonarchy1867–1918Europe: Central
Archduchy of AustriaArchduchy1453–1806/1918Europe: Central
Austrian EmpireViennaEmpire1804–1867Europe: Central
Habsburg MonarchyComposite monarchy1526–1804Europe: Central
Kingdom of HungaryVariousKingdom1000–1918Europe: Central
Kingdom of BohemiaKingdom1198–1918Europe: Central
Duchy of AnhaltDuchy1806–1918Europe: Central
Anhalt-BernburgMonarchy1252–1468; 1603–1863Europe: Central
Anhalt-DessauMonarchy1396–1561; 1603–1863Europe: Central
Anhalt-KöthenMonarchy1396–1561; 1603–1853Europe: Central
Principality of AschaffenburgPrincipality1803–1810Europe: Central
Grand Duchy of BadenGrand Duchy1806–1918Europe: Central
Kingdom of BavariaKingdom1805–1918Europe: Central
Grand Duchy of BergGrand Duchy1806–1813Europe: Central
BremenCity-state republic1806–1867Europe: Central
Duchy of BrunswickBraunschweigDuchy1815–1918Europe: Central
Free City of FrankfurtCity-state republic1372–1806; 1816–1866Europe: Central
Grand Duchy of FrankfurtClient Grand Duchy1810–1813Europe: Central
German ConfederationConfederation1815–1866Europe: Central
German EmpireBerlinEmpire1871–1918Europe: Central
Free Imperial City of HamburgCity-state1806–1867Europe: Central
Electorate of Brunswick-LüneburgElectorate1692–1807Europe: Central
Kingdom of HanoverKingdom1814–1866Europe: Central
Electorate of HesseMonarchy1803–1807; 1813–1866Europe: Central
Grand Duchy of HesseGrand Duchy1806–1918Europe: Central
Landgraviate of Hesse-DarmstadtLandgraviate1567–1806Europe: Central
Hesse-HomburgLandgraviate1622–1866Europe: Central
Hohenzollern-HechingenMonarchy1576–1850Europe: Central
Hohenzollern-SigmaringenMonarchy1576–1850Europe: Central
Duchy of HolsteinDuchy1474–1864Europe: Central
Holy Roman EmpireNo officialEmpire962–1806Europe: Central
Principality of LeyenClient Principality1806–1814Europe: Central
Principality of LippePrincipality1123–1918Europe: Central
Free City of LübeckCity-state1226–1811; 1815–1937Europe: Central
Electorate of MainzMonarchy780–1803Europe: Central
Duchy of Mecklenburg-SchwerinDuchy1379–1815Europe: Central
Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-SchwerinGrand Duchy1815–1918Europe: Central
Duchy of Mecklenburg-StrelitzDuchy1701–1815Europe: Central
Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-StrelitzGrand Duchy1815–1918Europe: Central
Duchy of NassauDuchy1806–1866Europe: Central
North German ConfederationConfederation1867–1871Europe: Central
Grand Duchy of OldenburgGrand Duchy1814–1918Europe: Central
Kingdom of PrussiaKingdom1701–1918Europe: Central
PrussiaKingdom1525–1947Europe: Central
Principality of RegensburgPrincipality1803–1810Europe: Central
Reussc.1010–1778/1806Europe: Central
Reuss-EbersdorfMonarchy1678–1824Europe: Central
Principality of Reuss-GeraPrincipality1806–1918Europe: Central
Principality of Reuss-GreizPrincipality1778–1918Europe: Central
Reuss-LobensteinMonarchy1425–1547; 1647–1824Europe: Central
Confederation of the RhineConfederation1806–1813Europe: Central
Duchy of Saxe-AltenburgDuchy1602–1672; 1826–1920Europe: Central
Saxe-Coburg and GothaDuchy1826–1918Europe: Central
Saxe-Coburg-SaalfeldDuchy1699–1825Europe: Central
Saxe-Gotha-AltenburgDuchy1680–1826Europe: Central
Saxe-HildburghausenDuchy1680–1826Europe: Central
Saxe-LauenburgDuchy1296–1803; 1814–1876Europe: Central
Duchy of Saxe-MeiningenDuchy1680–1918Europe: Central
Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-EisenachGrand Duchy1809–1918Europe: Central
 SaxonyKingdom of SaxonyKingdom1806–1918Europe: Central
Principality of Schaumburg-LippePrincipality1643–1918Europe: Central
Schwarzburg-RudolstadtPrincipality1599–1919Europe: Central
Schwarzburg-SondershausenPrincipality1599–1920Europe: Central
WaldeckPrincipality1180–1918Europe: Central
Kingdom of WestphaliaKingdom1807–1813Europe: Central
WürttembergMonarchy11th century–1918Europe: Central
Grand Duchy of WürzburgGrand Duchy1805–1814Europe: Central
LiechtensteinPrincipality1806–presentEurope: Central
Kingdom of Galicia and LodomeriaKingdom1772–1918Europe: Central
Free City of KrakówCity-state republic1815–1846Europe: Central
Duchy of WarsawOccupation1807–1815Europe: Central
Helvetic RepublicRepublic1798–1803Europe: Central
Swiss Confederation (Napoleonic)Confederation1803–1815Europe: Central
Restoration and Regeneration in Switzerland1815–1848Europe: Central
Switzerland1848–presentEurope: Central
Governorate of EstoniaProvince (Russia)1721–1917Europe: East, Baltic
Principality of MoldaviaPrincipality1346–1859Europe: East, Romania
United Principalities of Moldavia and WallachiaPrincipalities1859–1881Europe: East, Romania
Kingdom of RomaniaKingdom1881–1947Europe: East, Romania
Principality of WallachiaPrincipality1330–1859Europe: East, Romania
Russian EmpireEmpire1721–1917Europe: East; Asia: Central; Americas: North, Russia
DenmarkVariousKingdom1814–presentEurope: Nordic
Denmark–NorwayKingdom1524–1814Europe: Nordic
Duchy of SchleswigDuchy1058–1866Europe: Nordic
Grand Duchy of FinlandGrand Duchy1809–1917Europe: Nordic
Kingdom of NorwayKingdom1814Europe: Nordic
Sweden1523–1814; 1905–presentEurope: Nordic
United Kingdoms of Sweden and NorwayVariousKingdom1814–1905Europe: Nordic
Cisalpine RepublicRepublic1797–1802Europe: South-Central
Republic of CospaiaRepublic1440–1826Europe: South-Central
Sovereign Principality of ElbaPrincipality1814–1815Europe: South-Central
Kingdom of EtruriaKingdom1801–1807Europe: South-Central
Republic of GenoaRepublic1005–1797; 1814–1815Europe: South-Central
Italian Republic (Napoleonic)Republic/client1802–1805Europe: South-Central
Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)Kingdom1805–1814Europe: South-Central
Kingdom of ItalyKingdom1861–1946Europe: South-Central
Ligurian RepublicRepublic1797–1805Europe: South-Central
Kingdom of Lombardy–VenetiaKingdom1815–1866Europe: South-Central
LuccaDuchy1815–1847Europe: South-Central
Republic of LuccaLuccaRepublic1160–1805Europe: South-Central
Duchy of Massa and CarraraDuchy15th–19th centuryEurope: South-Central
Duchy of Modena and ReggioDuchy1452–1796; 1814–1859Europe: South-Central
Kingdom of NaplesKingdom1285–1816Europe: South-Central
Kingdoms of Naples and SicilyKingdom1043–1410; 1442–1500; 1735–1816Europe: South-Central
Duchy of ParmaDuchy1545–1859Europe: South-Central
Kingdom of SardiniaCagliari, TurinKingdom1324–1861Europe: South-Central
Kingdom of SicilyVariousKingdom1130–1816Europe: South-Central
Duchy of TridentumBeneventoDuchy/Principality574–1802Europe: South-Central
Grand Duchy of TuscanyGrand Duchy1569–1801; 1815–1859Europe: South-Central
Two SiciliesKingdom1816–1861Europe: South-Central
Gozo1798–1801Europe: South-Central
Malta ProtectorateProtectorate, British1800–1813Europe: South-Central
Crown Colony of MaltaColony, British1813–1964Europe: South-Central
→ San MarinoSan MarinoRepublicAD 301–presentEurope: South-Central
Papal StatesRomePontificate754–1870Europe: South-Central
Roman Republic (19th century)Republic1849Europe: South-Central
AndorraPrincipality1278–presentEurope: Southwest
Kingdom of PortugalVariousKingdom1139–1910Europe: Southwest
Bourbon SpainKingdom1700–1812Europe: Southwest
First Spanish RepublicRepublic1873–1874Europe: Southwest
Kingdom of SpainKingdom1813–1873Europe: Southwest
Bourbon Restoration (Spain)Toledo, MadridKingdom1874–1931Europe: Southwest
Kingdom of GaliciaSantiago de CompostelaKingdom409–1833Europe: Southwest,
Alsace-LorraineGerman Colony1871–1918Europe: West, France
Bourbon RestorationParis1814–1815; 1815–1830Europe: West, France
First French EmpireEmpire1804–1814; 1815Europe: West, France
French First RepublicRepublic1792–1804Europe: West, France
French Second RepublicRepublic1848–1852Europe: West, France
July MonarchyMonarchy1830–1848Europe: West,
French Third RepublicRepublic1870–1940Europe: West, France
Second French EmpireEmpire1852–1870Europe: West, France
Roquebrune-Cap-Martin1848–1860Europe: West, France
BelgiumBrusselsKingdom1830–presentEurope: West, Low Countries
Luxembourg1815–presentEurope: West, Low Countries
Batavian RepublicRepublic1795–1806Europe: West, Low Countries
Kingdom of HollandKingdom1806–1810Europe: West, Low Countries
Sovereign Principality of the United NetherlandsPrincipality1813–1815Europe: West, Low Countries
United Kingdom of the NetherlandsKingdom1815–1839Europe: West, Low Countries
Kingdom of the NetherlandsKingdom1839–presentEurope: West, Low Countries
Monaco1419–1793; 1814–presentEurope: West, Monaco
AustraliaColony, British1788–1901Oceania
Kings of Easter IslandKingdom900–1878Oceania
Cook Islands FederationFederation1893–1901Oceania
Kingdom of RarotongaKingdom1858–1893Oceania
Colony of FijiColony, British1874–1970Oceania
Kingdom of FijiKingdom1871–1874Oceania
Gilbert and Ellice IslandsBritish Colony1892–1976Oceania
Colony of New ZealandColony, British1841–1907Oceania
Niuean monarchyMonarchyc. 1700–1900Oceania
British protectorate of NiueProtectorate, British1900–1974Oceania
German New GuineaColony, German1884–1919Oceania
Territory of PapuaTerritory, British1883–1949Oceania
Kingdom of Bora BoraKingdomEarly 19th century–1895*Oceania
Kingdom of HuahineKingdom1760–1895Oceania
Kingdom of MangarevaKingdom18th century–1881Oceania
RaiateaMonarchy18th century–1888Oceania
Kingdom of TahitiKingdom1788–1880Oceania
→ Kingdom of HawaiiKingdom1795–1893Oceania
Provisional Government of HawaiiProvisional Government1893–1894Oceania
Republic of HawaiiRepublic1894–1898Oceania
German SamoaColony, German1900–1920Oceania
Malietoa dynasty (Samoa)Monarchypre-1858–1900Oceania
Tui Manua dynasty (Samoa)Monarchyup to 1900Oceania
British Solomon IslandsColony, British1893–1978Oceania
Portuguese TimorColony, Portuguese1702–1975Oceania
Kingdom of TongaProtectorate1900–1970Oceania
TongaKingdom1845–1900; 1970–presentOceania
Tuʻi Tonga EmpireEmpire450s–1865Oceania
Anglo-French Joint Naval CommissionColony, British/French1887–1906Oceania

See also

References
    List of political entities in the 19th century
    Preceded by
    18th century    		 Political entities
    of the 19th century    		 Succeeded by
    20th century
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