Troleandomycin

Troleandomycin (TAO for short[1]) is a macrolide antibiotic. It was sold in Italy (branded Triocetin) and Turkey (branded Tekmisin). It is no longer sold in Italy as of 2018.

Troleandomycin
Clinical data

AHFS/Drugs.com	Multum Consumer Information
MedlinePlus	a604026
ATC code	J01FA08 (WHO)
Identifiers
IUPAC name (3R,5R,6R,7S,8R,11R,12S,13R,14S,15S)-12-[(4-O-acetyl-2,6-dideoxy-3-O-methyl-α-L-arabino-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-14-{[2-O-acetyl-3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-β-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl]oxy}-5,7,8,11,13,15-hexamethyl-4,10-dioxo-1,9-dioxaspiro[2.13]hexadec-6-yl acetate
CAS Number	2751-09-9^Y
PubChem CID	5284630
DrugBank	DB01361^Y
ChemSpider	4447675^Y
UNII	C4DZ64560D
KEGG	D01322^N
ChEBI	CHEBI:45735^N
ChEMBL	ChEMBL564085^N
PDB ligand	TAO (PDBe, RCSB PDB)
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID2023721
ECHA InfoCard	100.018.539
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C₄₁H₆₇NO₁₅
Molar mass	813.979 g·mol⁻¹
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES O=C(O[C@@H]4[C@@H](N(C)C)C[C@H](O[C@H]4O[C@@H]3[C@H]([C@H](O[C@@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C)[C@@H](OC)C1)C)[C@H](C(=O)O[C@H](C)[C@H](C)[C@H](OC(=O)C)[C@H](C(=O)[C@]2(OC2)C[C@@H]3C)C)C)C)C)C
InChI InChI=1S/C41H67NO15/c1-19-17-41(18-49-41)38(46)23(5)34(53-27(9)43)21(3)25(7)52-39(47)24(6)35(56-32-16-31(48-14)36(26(8)51-32)54-28(10)44)22(4)33(19)57-40-37(55-29(11)45)30(42(12)13)15-20(2)50-40/h19-26,30-37,40H,15-18H2,1-14H3/t19-,20+,21-,22+,23+,24+,25+,26-,30-,31-,32-,33-,34-,35-,36-,37+,40-,41-/m0/s1^Y Key:LQCLVBQBTUVCEQ-MCQAQMIOSA-N^Y
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The drug's mode of action is to bind to the ribosome, specifically in the tunnel through which the newly formed peptide egresses, thereby halting protein synthesis.[2] Troleandomycin is a CYP3A4 inhibitor that may cause drug interactions.

References

Zeiger RS, Schatz M, Sperling W, Simon RA, Stevenson DD (December 1980). "Efficacy of troleandomycin in outpatients with severe, corticosteroid-dependent asthma". The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 66 (6): 438–46. doi:10.1016/0091-6749(80)90003-2. PMID 6968762.
Gürel G, Blaha G, Steitz TA, Moore PB (December 2009). "Structures of triacetyloleandomycin and mycalamide A bind to the large ribosomal subunit of Haloarcula marismortui". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 53 (12): 5010–4. doi:10.1128/AAC.00817-09. PMC 2786347. PMID 19738021.

Antibacterials that inhibit protein synthesis (J01A, J01B, J01F, J01G, QJ01XQ)

30S

Aminoglycosides
(initiation inhibitors)

-mycin (Streptomyces)	Streptomycin^# Dihydrostreptomycin Neomycin^# Framycetin Paromomycin Ribostamycin Kanamycin Amikacin^# Arbekacin Bekanamycin Dibekacin Tobramycin Spectinomycin^# Hygromycin B Apramycin Puromycin Nourseothricin
-micin (Micromonospora)	Gentamicin^# Netilmicin Sisomicin Plazomicin^# Isepamicin Verdamicin Astromicin

Tetracycline antibiotics
(tRNA binding)

Tetracyclines	Doxycycline^# Chlortetracycline Clomocycline Demeclocycline Eravacycline Lymecycline Meclocycline^‡ Metacycline Minocycline Omadacycline Oxytetracycline Penimepicycline Rolitetracycline Sarecycline Tetracycline^#
Glycylcyclines	Tigecycline

50S

Oxazolidinone
(initiation inhibitors)

Peptidyl transferase

Amphenicols	Chloramphenicol^# Azidamfenicol Thiamphenicol Florfenicol
Pleuromutilins	Lefamulin Retapamulin Tiamulin Valnemulin

MLS (transpeptidation/translocation)

Macrolides	Azithromycin^# Boromycin Clarithromycin^# Dirithromycin Erythromycin^# Flurithromycin Josamycin Midecamycin Miocamycin Oleandomycin Rokitamycin Roxithromycin Spiramycin Troleandomycin Tylosin
Ketolides	Telithromycin^‡ Cethromycin Solithromycin^†
Lincosamides	Clindamycin^# Lincomycin Pirlimycin
Streptogramins	Pristinamycin Quinupristin/dalfopristin Virginiamycin

EF-G

Steroid antibacterials	Fusidic acid

^#WHO-EM
^‡Withdrawn from market
Clinical trials:
- ^†Phase III
- ^§Never to phase III

Xenobiotic-sensing receptor modulators
CAR	Agonists: 6,7-Dimethylesculetin Amiodarone Artemisinin Benfuracarb Carbamazepine Carvedilol Chlorpromazine Chrysin CITCO Clotrimazole Cyclophosphamide Cypermethrin DHEA (prasterone) Efavirenz Ellagic acid Griseofulvin Methoxychlor Mifepristone Nefazodone Nevirapine Nicardipine Octicizer Permethrin Phenobarbital Phenytoin Pregnanedione (5β-dihydroprogesterone) Reserpine TCPOBOP Telmisartan Tolnaftate Troglitazone Valproic acid Antagonists: 3,17β-Estradiol 3α-Androstanol 3α-Androstenol 3β-Androstanol 17-Androstanol AITC Ethinylestradiol Meclizine Nigramide J Okadaic acid PK-11195 S-07662 T-0901317
PXR	Agonists: 17α-Hydroxypregnenolone 17α-Hydroxyprogesterone Δ⁴-Androstenedione Δ⁵-Androstenediol Δ⁵-Androstenedione AA-861 Allopregnanediol Allopregnanedione (5α-dihydroprogesterone) Allopregnanolone (brexanolone) Alpha-Lipoic acid Ambrisentan AMI-193 Amlodipine besylate Antimycotics Artemisinin Aurothioglucose Bile acids Bithionol Bosentan Bumecaine Cafestol Cephaloridine Cephradine Chlorpromazine Ciglitazone Clindamycin Clofenvinfos Chloroxine Clotrimazole Colforsin Corticosterone Cyclophosphamide Cyproterone acetate Demecolcine Dexamethasone DHEA (prasterone) DHEA-S (prasterone sulfate) Dibunate sodium Diclazuril Dicloxacillin Dimercaprol Dinaline Docetaxel Docusate calcium Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Dronabinol Droxidopa Eburnamonine Ecopipam Enzacamene Epothilone B Erythromycin Famprofazone Febantel Felodipine Fenbendazole Fentanyl Flucloxacillin Fluorometholone Griseofulvin Guggulsterone Haloprogin Hetacillin potassium Hyperforin Hypericum perforatum (St John's wort) Indinavir sulfate Lasalocid sodium Levothyroxine Linolenic acid LOE-908 Loratadine Lovastatin Meclizine Metacycline Methylprednisolone Metyrapone Mevastatin Mifepristone Nafcillin Nicardipine Nicotine Nifedipine Nilvadipine Nisoldipine Norelgestromin Omeprazole Orlistat Oxatomide Paclitaxel Phenobarbital Piperine Plicamycin Prednisolone Pregnanediol Pregnanedione (5β-dihydroprogesterone) Pregnanolone Pregnenolone Pregnenolone 16α-carbonitrile Proadifen Progesterone Quingestrone Reserpine Reverse triiodothyronine Rifampicin Rifaximin Rimexolone Riodipine Ritonavir Simvastatin Sirolimus Spironolactone Spiroxatrine SR-12813 Suberoylanilide Sulfisoxazole Suramin Tacrolimus Tenylidone Terconazole Testosterone isocaproate Tetracycline Thiamylal sodium Thiothixene Thonzonium bromide Tianeptine Troglitazone Troleandomycin Tropanyl 3,5-dimethulbenzoate Zafirlukast Zeranol Antagonists: Ketoconazole Sesamin
See also Receptor/signaling modulators

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