Ubay, Bohol

Ubay, officially the Municipality of Ubay (Cebuano: Lungsod sa Ubay; Tagalog: Bayan ng Ubay), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Bohol, Philippines. According to the 2015 census, it has a population of 73,712 people. [3]

Ubay
Municipality
Municipality of Ubay
Downtown Ubay
Seal
Nickname(s): 
Dairy Capital of Bohol
Map of Bohol with Ubay highlighted
OpenStreetMap
Ubay
Location within the Philippines
Coordinates: 10°03′22″N 124°28′23″E
Country Philippines
RegionCentral Visayas (Region VII)
ProvinceBohol
District2nd District
Founded
Chartered		15 January 1844
5 October 1877
Barangays44 (see Barangays)
Government
 [1]
 • TypeSangguniang Bayan
 • MayorConstantino H. Reyes
 • Vice MayorVictor A. Bonghanoy
 • RepresentativeErico Aristotle C. Aumentado
 • Electorate47,345 voters (2019)
Area
 [2]
 • Total335.06 km2 (129.37 sq mi)
Elevation
14 m (46 ft)
Population
 (2015 census) [3]
 • Total73,712
 • Density220/km2 (570/sq mi)
 • Households
16,509
Economy
 • Income class1st municipal income class
 • Poverty incidence34.39% (2015)[4]
 • Revenue₱181,608,793.67 (2016)
Time zoneUTC+8 (PST)
ZIP code
6315
PSGC
071246000
IDD : area code +63 (0)38
Climate typetropical monsoon climate
Native languagesCebuano
Tagalog
Patron saintChild Jesus

Ubay is in the northeast of the province, and has an area of 335 square kilometres (129 sq mi), with 61 kilometres (38 mi) of coastline. It is the largest and most populated municipality in Bohol.[5]

Etymology
Poblacion

One etymology derivation is that the town's name is a contraction of the term ubay-ubay, meaning "alongside".[5]

According to Kaufmann's Visayan-English dictionary,[6] the Visayan word "ubay" means:

  1. to accompany other in bed or along the side, be they persons or animals;
  2. the flow of rivers and streams. from one place to another.

The flow of seawater between the mainland and the island of Lapinig Grande (now Pres. C.P. Garcia town) could justify the second definition of Ubay. It is a situation that is permanent and the constant reference to the flow of water can make the term ubay be attached as the name of the place.[7]

An alternative derivation is that the term 'ubay-ubay' or 'alongside' became the byword of seafarers who used to travel close to the shorelines of Ubay to avoid the strong current of the Canigao Channel.[8] There was a single path to follow reach the island trading centres. This trail was located alongside (ubay) the sandy beach. Later on the term Ubay became the original name of the community.

History

Historically, Ubay was part of Talibon. On 15 January 1844, it separated from Talibon to become an independent municipality.[8]

The religious aspect of the town was established much later than the civil aspect of the town. The decree of the Spanish Governor General creating Ubay as a town in the religious aspect is dated 22 October 1877. However, Royal Order No. 695 issued by the Kingdom of Spain has the date 5 October 1877.[7]

The town celebrates its fiesta every last Friday of January in commemoration and honor of their patron saint, Holy Child.[9] Ubayanons often come home during fiesta to share the joy of reviving the beautiful old story on the origin of the place.

Geography

The town is situated east of Trinidad, north of Alicia and Mabini, and northeast of San Miguel. It is 124 kilometres (77 mi) northeast of Tagbilaran, 636 kilometres (395 mi) southeast of Manila and 71 kilometres (44 mi) east of Cebu City.

Climate
Ubay
Average annual temperature in Ubay is 27·2°C
Humidity 75–85%
Climate chart (explanation)
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
 
 
191
 
 
30
22
 
 
111
 
 
30
22
 
 
94
 
 
31
23
 
 
58
 
 
32
23
 
 
106
 
 
33
24
 
 
154
 
 
32
24
 
 
210
 
 
32
24
 
 
159
 
 
32
24
 
 
186
 
 
32
24
 
 
204
 
 
31
23
 
 
222
 
 
31
23
 
 
192
 
 
30
23
Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
Precipitation totals in mm
Source: Climate: Ubay

The climate is typically equatorial – temperature range over the year is less than three degrees Celsius (5.4 deg F), and annual rainfall exceeds 1,500 millimetres (59 in). The dry season starts in February and lasts through April sometimes extending to mid‑May. The climate in Ubay falls within Coronas climate type IV, characterised by not very pronounced maximum rainfall with a short dry season from one to three months and a wet season of nine to ten months.[10]

Ubay has a tropical climate. Most months of the year are marked by significant precipitation, making agriculture favorable – it supports at least two rice crops per year. The short dry season has little impact. Ubay is classified as Am (Tropical monsoon climate) by Köppen–Geiger climate classification system.

Barangays
Map of Ubay showing barangays and islands

Ubay comprises 44 barangays organized into eight urban districts (UD):

PSGC Barangay Population ±% p.a. Area PD 2015 UD Date of Fiesta
2015 [3] 2010 [11] ha acre /km2 /sq mi
071246001 Achila 1.9% 1,429 1,276 ▴ 2.18% 384949 370 960 IV15 January
071246002 Bay‑ang 2.6% 1,906 1,656 ▴ 2.71% 6321,562 300 780 III21 May
071246005 Benliw 3.0% 2,193 2,223 ▾ −0.26% 5891,455 370 960 VII13 May
071246004 Biabas 3.5% 2,599 2,573 ▴ 0.19% 2,2005,436 120 310 VIII17 May
071246007 Bongbong 1.2% 895 807 ▴ 1.99% 161398 560 1,400 II8 December
071246008 Bood 3.8% 2,833 2,717 ▴ 0.80% 152376 1,900 4,800 V15 January
071246009 Buenavista 1.0% 709 688 ▴ 0.57% 6511,609 110 280 ILast Saturday of April
25 Apr 2020
24 Apr 2021
30 Apr 2022
071246055 Bulilis 2.8% 2,046 1,711 ▴ 3.46% 7401,829 280 720 II8 December
071246011 Cagting 2.3% 1,712 1,597 ▴ 1.33% 1,0442,580 160 420 VII24 January
071246027 Calanggaman 2.3% 1,689 1,623 ▴ 0.76% 6181,527 270 710 III8 December
071246056 California 1.3% 941 801 ▴ 3.11% 319788 290 760 II13 May
071246012 Camali‑an 0.9% 642 581 ▴ 1.92% 5321,315 120 310 III26 November
071246013 Camambugan 3.5% 2,591 2,251 ▴ 2.71% 5471,352 470 1,200 IV15 May
071246015 Casate 3.6% 2,661 2,512 ▴ 1.10% 4601,137 580 1,500 IV5 April
071246017 Cuya 0.7% 538 516 ▴ 0.80% 66163 820 2,100 VIII6 February
071246018 Fatima 4.5% 3,340 3,235 ▴ 0.61% 66163 5,100 13,000 V13 May
071246019 Gabi 1.9% 1,432 1,378 ▴ 0.73% 1,6464,067 87 230 II9 December
071246020 Governor Boyles 1.2% 885 888 ▾ −0.06% 8242,036 110 280 I15 May
071246021 Guintabo‑an 0.9% 676 686 ▾ −0.28% 66163 1,000 2,700 VIII15 January
071246022 Hambabauran 1.6% 1,205 1,106 ▴ 1.65% 5211,287 230 600 III15 January
071246023 Humayhumay 2.4% 1,802 1,708 ▴ 1.03% 8152,014 220 570 IV14 February
071246024 Ilihan 1.0% 768 802 ▾ −0.82% 6831,688 110 290 I15 May
071246025 Imelda 2.5% 1,865 1,761 ▴ 1.10% 6571,624 280 740 VII8 May &
27 November
071246026 Juagdan 1.6% 1,185 1,121 ▴ 1.06% 121299 980 2,500 VII23 May
071246016 Katarungan 2.3% 1,680 1,524 ▴ 1.87% 4091,011 410 1,100 V30 May
071246031 Lomangog 3.6% 2,650 2,025 ▴ 5.26% 6421,586 410 1,100 II15 January
071246030 Los Angeles 0.8% 601 436 ▴ 6.30% 274677 220 570 II27 April
071246032 Pag‑asa 1.7% 1,273 1,168 ▴ 1.65% 378934 340 870 III8 December
071246033 Pangpang 1.8% 1,328 1,220 ▴ 1.63% 4501,112 300 760 IV15 December
071246034 Poblacion 4.5% 3,331 3,633 ▾ −1.64% 199492 1,700 4,300 VLast Friday of January
31 Jan 2020
29 Jan 2021
28 Jan 2022
071246037 San Francisco 2.3% 1,688 1,677 ▴ 0.12% 1,1072,736 150 390 I26 June
071246038 San Isidro 1.0% 771 707 ▴ 1.66% 262647 290 760 VI21 May
071246040 San Pascual 5.1% 3,783 3,127 ▴ 3.69% 9732,404 390 1,000 ILast Saturday of April
25 Apr 2020
24 Apr 2021
30 Apr 2022
071246041 San Vicente 1.4% 1,056 1,074 ▾ −0.32% 9662,387 110 280 VIII5 April
071246043 Sentinela 1.3% 939 969 ▾ −0.60% 271670 350 900 VI29 May
071246044 Sinandigan 3.0% 2,242 1,874 ▴ 3.47% 6071,500 370 960 VII8 December
071246045 Tapal 2.1% 1,516 1,371 ▴ 1.93% 290717 520 1,400 VI3 May
071246046 Tapon 3.8% 2,828 2,481 ▴ 2.52% 153378 1,800 4,800 V29 June
071246047 Tintinan 1.0% 707 623 ▴ 2.44% 3177 2,300 5,900 VIII29 September
071246048 Tipolo 3.4% 2,526 2,456 ▴ 0.54% 6551,619 390 1,000 VI5 April
071246049 Tubog 1.3% 983 885 ▴ 2.02% 5141,270 190 500 III16 May
071246050 Tuboran 1.9% 1,394 1,372 ▴ 0.30% 5471,352 250 660 IV15 January
071246052 Union 3.2% 2,392 2,332 ▴ 0.48% 5141,270 470 1,200 VI15 January
071246054 Villa Teresita 2.0% 1,482 1,407 ▴ 0.99% 262647 570 1,500 I28 November
Total 73,712 68,578 ▴ 1.38% 33,506 82,795 220 570

Demographics
Population census of Ubay
YearPop.±% p.a.
1903 7,355—    
1918 8,255+0.77%
1939 21,213+4.60%
1948 29,961+3.91%
1960 34,090+1.08%
1970 32,717−0.41%
1975 34,195+0.89%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1980 38,289+2.29%
1990 48,902+2.48%
1995 50,745+0.70%
2000 59,827+3.59%
2007 65,900+1.34%
2010 68,578+1.46%
2015 73,712+1.38%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority [3] [11] [12]

When the first national census was held in 1903, the municipality had a population 7,355. It continued to grow until 1960 with 34,090 (annual growth rate of 2.73% over the period). The population markedly decreased in 1970 with the creation of the municipality of President Carlos P. Garcia, formerly a constituent barangay. Since 1970, average annual growth rate (1970–2015) is 1.82%.

The primary language is Cebuano: Filipino and English are understood to a limited degree.

Economy
Public market

Ubay has a number of business establishments commercial trading firms engaged in retail and wholesale. The new public market building was completed in 2000. The regular market day is Monday and local traders from neighboring towns come to sell their merchandise consisting mostly of agricultural products and small consumer items like used clothes, household utensils, and other products. Ubay also provides a market for the neighboring island municipality of Pres. Carlos P. Garcia. Another well-known public market is located in barangay San Pascual, south of the municipality.[13]

Tourism and culture
Santo Niño Parish Church, Población
Ubay Green Park, Imelda

Tourist Attractions

Delicacies
  • Ube Calamay: It is a purple rice cake, (Calamay) with Ube or purple yam. This sweet and delightful delicacy is said to be originated from this town because of its large plantations of Ube (purple yam).
  • Fried Ube bread: Another mouthwatering delicacy made of ube. It is bread deep‑fried then filled with purple yam.

Ubay-ubay Festival

Like the Sinulog of Cebu, the Ubay-ubay Festival is the town's own version in celebration and honor of the patron saint, Sr. Santo Niño. This colorful and fascinating festivity is a well-attended event where people flock the town's major roads and venues to view the grand street parade and the festival dance-competition. This celebration is held each 28 – 30 January.[30]

Local government
Ubay Municipal Hall

Ubay is governed by the municipal mayor as head of the municipality. The vice mayor is the next highest position and acts as the presiding officer of the municipal council.

Infrastructure

Transport

The most common form of local transportation is the tricycle for nearer barangays. For far barangays, the motorcycle is the most common. All barangays are connected by roads and the only places without roads are the steep slopes of the central mountains.

The improvement of the Bohol circumferential road and the port facilities helped Ubay to become the trading and transportation hub of northeastern Bohol, connecting it to the neighboring island of Leyte and the rest of Bohol province. Passenger and cargo traffic to these destinations has noticeably increased over the years indicating an increasing volume of trade between these points.

Land transportation is provided by various short and long-distance buses, jeeps and vans, connecting Ubay to the rest of the towns in the province. Tagbilaran can be reached from Ubay in two to three hours by bus or van. There are also daily combined road/ferry services to Metro Manila (Pasay City / Cubao, Quezon City).

Ubay seaport is considered the province's principal gateway to Leyte, and Samar.[39] Its improved port area is linked to the major port destinations of neighboring provinces such as Bato and Hilongos in Leyte, Maasin City in Southern Leyte, and Cebu City, the regional capital.[40] Four vessels travels to and from Cebu City daily,[39] and routes to and from Bato, Hilongos and Maasin City are also served daily. The journey time for each destination is 4–5 hours.[41]

Ubay Airport

Ubay is home to one of only two airports in Bohol (the other being Tagbilaran Airport), but Ubay Airport is completely undeveloped and has no scheduled service, nor any facilities. The runway currently is only about 400 metres (1,310 ft) long but couldn't extend at the southwestern end becomes it is close to hills, and the northeastern end reaches housing and the sea.[42]

Health

For health services, the town has two public health units staffed by doctors, nurses, midwives, dentists, medical technologists and sanitary inspectors. A small government hospital was established to provide outpatient services to local residents. A private 15-bed hospital in Fatima also provides services for emergencies. A pediatrics and OB-gyne clinic complements the health services available in town.

Barangay Health Workers (BHW) from each barangay provide direct health care assistance to barangay residents.

Public order and safety

The local police force is 37 police officers. Police–population ratio is 1:1,992, less favourable than the standard ratio of 1:1,000. The police are augmented by 492 Barangay Tanod volunteers. It is reported that crime rate in Ubay is relatively low. The local Fire Department is staffed by eight fire fighters with two fire trucks. Incidence of fires is reportedly low in the municipality.

Utilities

Bohol was linked to the major source of geothermal power in Leyte through the underwater connection between Maasin City, Southern Leyte and Ubay. Presently, only three of the 44 barangays have no electricity, yet only 34.97 percent of the total households in the municipality have electricity compared to the province, which was 58.3 percent energized in 2000.

The town proper and seven other barangays were served by the Ubay Water Service Cooperative. The cooperative planned to expand their service to eight other barangays in the near future. Due to consumer demand and the limited size of the supply, water service became difficult during dry months. Bohol province reported that 23.71 percent of its households had their own faucets from a community system while Ubay reported only 8.97 percent.

For the province, 21.68 percent of households had access to shared faucets while Ubay only had 8.86 percent. In Ubay, slightly more than half (51.83%) of the households had access to dug wells.

Education

Elementary Education
Ubay Central Elementary School at Poblacion, Ubay, Bohol, Philippines

There are 45 public elementary schools in the municipality located in each barangay and one on Tres Reyes island.[43]

There are 7 private pre-school and elementary schools.[44]

Secondary Education

There are 17 public[45] and private high schools[46] in the municipality which offer junior and senior high school curriculum.[47][48]

^1 Accountancy, Business, and Management (ABM)
^2 General Academic Strand (GAS)
^3 Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS)
^4 Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM)
^5 Technical, Vocational, and Livelihood (TVL)

Tertiary Education
  • Bohol Northern Star Colleges - To meet the increasing demands for college education, Bohol Northeastern College was founded in 1996 by Bohol political leaders, former governors Erico B. Aumentado and David B. Tirol. The name was later changed to its present name in January 2007.[49]
  • Ubay Community College[50]

Notable people

References
  1.  Municipality of Ubay | (DILG)
  2. "Province: Bohol". PSGC Interactive. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 12 November 2016.
  3. Census of Population (2015). "Region VII (Central Visayas)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. PSA. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  4. "PSA releases the 2015 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates". Quezon City, Philippines. Retrieved 12 October 2019.
  5. "Ubay Bohol Travel Guide". "www.bohol-philippines.com". Retrieved 2019-05-15.
  6. Kaufmann 1934.
  7. Jes B. Tirol (March 27, 2011). "Toponyms of Bohol and its Towns Part 12. Last of Series". Bohol Chronicle. Archived from the original on April 5, 2011. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
  8. "Municipality of Ubay". Province of Bohol. Retrieved 10 September 2012.
  9. Calendar for January 2021
  10. Coronas 1920.
  11. Census of Population and Housing (2010). "Region VII (Central Visayas)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. NSO. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  12. Censuses of Population (1903–2007). "Region VII (Central Visayas)". Table 1. Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by Province/Highly Urbanized City: 1903 to 2007. NSO.
  13. "Barangay San Pascual". Kimberly Basilad. March 14, 2019. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
  14. Espinola & Maghirang 2014.
  15. "Cambugsay Healing Hills". Bohol Tourism. December 31, 2019. Retrieved March 2, 2020.
  16. Akpenodu & Saloma 2011.
  17. "Gaviola Ancestral House". GV Hotel. January 1, 2013. Retrieved October 22, 2014.
  18. Ubay Past and Present. The Bohol Provincial Library. October 30, 1990.
  19. Scott, William Henry (1984), Prehispanic Source Materials for the study of Philippine History, New Day Publishers, pp. xix, 3, ISBN 971-10-0226-4, retrieved August 5, 2008
  20. "AEON Environmental Foundation". AEON Environmental Foundation. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
  21. "Ikaw-Ako Foundation". jphilnet.org. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
  22. "Super Suroy: Palayan sa Ubay, Bohol". SunStar Cebu. April 30, 2019. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
  23. "Places to go in Ubay – Bohol". The Boholana. February 7, 2019. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
  24. "Sinandigan Mangrove Reforestration". Bohol Tourism. December 31, 2019. Retrieved March 2, 2020.
  25. "DA, BFAR as partners for Bohol's self-sufficiency". EDCom Bohol. April 21, 2011. Retrieved October 20, 2014.
  26. "Sinandigan Multi-Species Hatchery". Bohol Sunday Post. April 24, 2011. Retrieved October 20, 2014.
  27. "Giant clam hatchery to start operation". February 6, 2019. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
  28. "Ubay Stock Farm". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Cebu Daily News. Retrieved October 21, 2012.
  29. "List of Good Practices - DILG, Province of Bohol". DILG. December 30, 2013. Retrieved May 15, 2017.
  30. "Ubay Annual Town Fiesta". Ubay LGU. January 1, 2013. Retrieved October 22, 2014.
  31. Guía Oficial de las Islas Filipinas para 1894. Manila: Publicada por la Secretaria del Gobierno General. 1894. p. 647. Retrieved November 21, 2020.
  32. Guía Oficial de las Islas Filipinas para 1897. Manila: Publicada por la Secretaria del Gobierno General. 1897. p. 823. Retrieved November 21, 2020.
  33. Guía Oficial de las Islas Filipinas para 1898. Manila: Publicada por la Secretaria del Gobierno General. 1898. p. 1064. Retrieved November 21, 2020.
  34. Report of the Philippine Commission to the Secretary of War United States. Philippine Commission (1900-1916). US Division of Insular Affairs War Department, Washington: Government Printing Office. December 1901. p. 158. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
  35. Annual Reports of the War Department, For the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1904, Volume XIV. US War Department, Washington: Government Printing Office. 1904. p. 554. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
  36. US War Department Annual Reports, 1911, Volume IV. US War Department, Washington: Government Printing Office. 1912. p. 175. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
  37. Palapos, Loy M (4 July 2004). "Eutiquio M. Bernales". Bohol Choice Cuts. Archived from the original on 27 February 2014.CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  38. Boysillo, Florencio (October 1990). "The Province of Bohol". Ubay Past and Present. 47: 11.
  39. "Ubay Seaport". Bohol-Philippines.com. 1 February 2014. Retrieved 8 March 2014.
  40. Bohol Standard 2010.
  41. "The Southern Leyte Connection". Leyte-Divers.com. 1 February 2012. Retrieved 8 March 2015.
  42. Bohol News Today 2016.
  43. "List of Public Schools in Bohol 2nd District" (Spreadsheet). DepEd Bohol. Retrieved 21 Oct 2012.
  44. "List and Status of Private Schools as of January 22, 2015" (PDF). Deped - Central Visayas. January 31, 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 2, 2015. Retrieved March 5, 2015.
  45. "List of Public Senior High Schools in Bohol". list.ph. December 31, 2015. Retrieved March 5, 2020.
  46. "List of Public Schools in Bohol 2nd District". DepEd Bohol. Retrieved 21 Oct 2012.
  47. Chito M. Visarra (December 6, 2016). "Opening Woes SHS's Limited Subject Offerings". Bohol Chronicle. Retrieved March 5, 2020.
  48. "List of SHS". Department of Education (Philippines). December 31, 2018. Retrieved March 5, 2020.
  49. "BNSC Profile". Commission on Higher Education (Philippines). December 31, 2019. Retrieved March 5, 2020.
  50. A. Doydora. "Ubay to establish municipal college". November 20, 2019. Retrieved December 12, 2020.
  51. "Executive Order No. 315, s. 1958". Official Gazette (Philippines). September 1, 1958. Retrieved October 12, 2020.
  52. "Republic Act No. 1789". Law Phil.net. June 21, 1957. Retrieved October 12, 2020.
  53. "Karen Gallman is Miss Intercontinental 2018". Rappler. January 27, 2019. Retrieved March 5, 2020.

Sources
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