Inihaw

Inihaw (pronounced [ɪˈni:haʊ] ee-NEE-how), also known as sinugba or inasal, are various types of grilled or spit-roasted barbecue dishes from the Philippines. It is usually made from pork or chicken and are served on bamboo skewers or in small cubes with a soy sauce and vinegar-based dip. It can also refer to any meat or seafood dish cooked and served in a similar way. Inihaw are commonly sold as street food and are eaten with white rice or rice cooked in coconut leaves (pusô). Inihaw is sometimes referred to as Filipino barbecue or (informally) Pinoy BBQ.[1][2][3]

"Sugba" redirects here. For the Philippine lagoon, see Siargao.
Inihaw

Top: Various inihaw on skewers with pusô
Bottom: Cubed pork inihaw
Alternative namesSinugba, Inasal, Ihaw‑ihaw, Sugba‑sugba, Filipino barbecue, Pinoy BBQ
Place of originPhilippines
Similar dishesInasal, Lechon manok, Satti, Satay

Description

Inihaw is a general term simply meaning "grilled" or "roasted" in Tagalog, from the verb ihaw ("to grill"). It is also known as sinugba (verb sugba) in Cebuano,[2] and inasal (verb asal) in Hiligaynon.[4] It may also be referred to simply by the English name "barbecue" (usually shortened to "BBQ"), especially for inihaw served in skewers.[5][6][7] Inihaw are usually made with pork, beef, or seafood. Cheap versions can also be made with offal.[1][8]

There are two general types of inihaw. The first are simply meat or seafood grilled directly over charcoal. They are characterized by a charred smoky exterior while remaining moist on the inside. They are usually cubed before serving, and are dipped in various sauces made with a mixture of soy sauce (or salt) and vinegar with fresh red onions, labuyo chilis, calamansi, fresh tomatoes, ground black pepper, and/or sugar. The second type of inihaw are meat dishes served on a skewer. Unlike the first type, these are cubed beforehand. Both types may be marinated before cooking and may also be basted while cooking.[3][9]

The marinating sauce is usually similar to the sauce used for dipping. In skewered inihaw, they are also commonly marinated or basted in a sweet sauce which uses banana ketchup and anatto (achuete) oil which turns them a bright red or orange color. More southern versions known as satti are also served with a peanut-based sauce, similar to satay.[10][11]

In Visayan-speaking regions, a common combination is "sinuglaw", which combines pork inihaw (sinugba) and kinilaw (raw cubed fish in vinegar and citrus juices).[12][13]

Variations
Various types of inihaw at the Dinagyang Festival

Dishes which are types of inihaw but commonly considered to be distinct include the following:[3]

  • Lechón - spit-roasted whole pig, usually stuffed with spices and lemongrass.[3]
  • Chicken inasal - a version of lechon manok from the Western Visayas, chicken marinated in a mixture of calamansi, pepper, coconut vinegar and annatto, then grilled over hot coals while basted with the marinade. It is served with rice, calamansi, soy sauce, chicken oil and vinegar (often sinamak vinegar, a palm vinegar infused with garlic, chili peppers and langkawas).[14]
  • Lechon manok - spit-roasted chicken dish made with chicken marinated in a mixture of garlic, bay leaf, onion, black pepper, soy sauce, and patis (fish sauce). The marinade may also be sweetened with muscovado or brown sugar. It is stuffed with tanglad (lemongrass) and roasted over charcoal. It is typically eaten dipped in a toyomansi or silimansi mixture of soy sauce, calamansi, and labuyo chilis. It is paired with white rice or puso and commonly served with atchara pickles as a side dish. It is a very popular dish in the Philippines and is readily available at roadside restaurants.[15]
  • Satti - are usually grilled beef or chicken served on skewers from Mindanao. It is related to the satay and sate of Indonesia and Malaysia. They are usually eaten with rice cooked in coconut leaves (ta'mu (pusô in other Philippine languages) and a bowlful of warm sauce which is usually peanut-based.[6][10]
  • Isaw - a type of very cheap skewered inihaw made from pig or chicken intestines. They are cooked and eaten in the same way as meat inihaw.[16] Other types of offal-based inihaw are also eaten, usually with funny names. They include "walkman" (pig's ears), "betamax" (cubes of pork blood), "helmet" (chicken head), and "adidas" (chicken feet).[1]

See also

References
  1. Macatulad, JB. "4 Things to Know About Street Food in the Philippines". World Nomads. Retrieved 13 December 2020.
  2. "Sinugba". Eat Your World. Retrieved 13 December 2020.
  3. "10 Best Filipino Inihaw Recipes – Must Try!!". Panlasang Pinoy Recipes. Retrieved 13 December 2020.
  4. Salcedo-Sillesa, Yolanda. "Chicken Inasal à la JT's : Bacolod-Style Grilled Chicken Recipe". Havenhill Cuisine. Retrieved 13 December 2020.
  5. Ellen Brown (14 June 2016). "Smart Cooking: Philippine cuisine shaped by many influences". Providence Journal. Archived from the original on 8 February 2017. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  6. Jimenez, Gidget (2015). All About the Philippines: Stories, Songs, Crafts and Games for Kids. Tuttle Publishing. p. 59. ISBN 9781462917259. Archived from the original on 9 June 2020. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
  7. Raichlen, Steven. "Filipino Satti". Barbeuce! Bible. Archived from the original on 2 January 2017. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
  8. "Inihaw na Manok". Eat Your World. Retrieved 13 December 2020.
  9. "The Happy Home Cook: Inihaw na Baboy (Grilled Pork)". Positively Filipino. Retrieved 13 December 2020.
  10. "Unique Flavors of Western Mindanao: Satti". Archived from the original on 17 December 2014. Retrieved 15 January 2015.
  11. Edgar Soon (2009). Pairing Wine with Asian Food. Monsoon Books. ISBN 9789814358941. Archived from the original on 9 June 2020. Retrieved 9 June 2020.
  12. "Sinuglaw". Panlasang Pinoy. Retrieved 24 September 2019.
  13. "Sinugba at Kinilaw". Lutong Bahay. Retrieved 13 December 2020.
  14. "Manokan Country". Unofficial Guide, Philippines. Retrieved March 22, 2018.
  15. Santos, Rachelle (17 September 2014). "Lechon Manok". Yummy.ph. Retrieved 20 January 2019.
  16. Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research and Development (1999). "The Perils of Isaw and Fishballs". Research Folio. University of the Philippines Diliman. Retrieved 2009-10-20.
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