List of National Historic Landmarks in South Carolina

This is a List of National Historic Landmarks in South Carolina, United States. The United States' National Historic Landmark (NHL) program is operated under the auspices of the National Park Service, and recognizes buildings, sites, structures, districts, and objects according to a list of criteria of national significance.[1] There are 76 NHLs in South Carolina and 3 additional National Park Service-administered areas of primarily historic importance.[2]

Architects whose work is recognized by two or more separate NHLs in the state are:

These tallies do not include any buildings that are contributing properties within historic districts unless they are also individually designated as NHLs.

There are five places listed for their association with artists and writers.[7]

There are four World War II-era museum ships; all are located at Patriot's Point in Charleston Harbor.

Current NHLs in South Carolina

The 76 NHLs in South Carolina are distributed across 16 of the 46 counties in the state; 42 of the 76 are located in Charleston County.

[8] Landmark name Image Date designated[9] Location County Description
1 William Aiken House and Associated Railroad Structures
William Aiken House and Associated Railroad Structures
 November 4, 1963
(#66000698)		 Charleston
32°47′21″N 79°56′15″W		 Charleston Structures of South Carolina Canal and Railroad Company, the longest operating railroad in the world in 1833, and home of founder William Aiken
2 Atalaya and Brookgreen Gardens
Atalaya and Brookgreen Gardens
 October 5, 1992
(#84002045)		 Murrells Inlet
33°30′50″N 79°05′07″W		 Georgetown Landmark combining Atalaya and portions of Brookgreen Gardens associated with artist Anna Hyatt Huntington
3 Beaufort Historic District
Beaufort Historic District
 November 7, 1973
(#69000159)		 Beaufort
32°26′08″N 80°40′04″W		 Beaufort
4 Bethesda Presbyterian Church
Bethesda Presbyterian Church
 February 4, 1985
(#85003258)		 Camden
34°14′48″N 80°36′19″W		 Kershaw Church designed by Robert Mills
5 William Blacklock House
William Blacklock House
 November 7, 1973
(#73001681)		 Charleston
32°46′59″N 79°56′22″W		 Charleston Adamesque house, possibly designed by Gabriel Manigault
6 Borough House
Borough House
 June 7, 1988
(#72001224)		 Stateburg
33°57′14″N 80°32′16″W		 Sumter "The oldest and largest collection of 'high style' pise de terre (rammed earth) buildings in the United States". Across the road from Church of the Holy Cross
7 Miles Brewton House
Miles Brewton House
 October 9, 1960
(#66000699)		 Charleston
32°46′20″N 79°55′56″W		 Charleston Fine examples of a "double house" (having four main rooms per floor) in Charleston
8 Robert Brewton House
Robert Brewton House
 October 9, 1960
(#66000700)		 Charleston
32°46′28″N 79°55′45″W		 Charleston Charleston's oldest dated "single" house (one room wide, with the narrow end toward the street, and entry centered in long side)
9 Brick House Ruins
Brick House Ruins
 April 15, 1970
(#70000580)		 Edisto Island
32°35′59″N 80°19′32″W		 Charleston Ruins of a plantation house that burned in 1929
10 Burt-Stark Mansion
Burt-Stark Mansion
 October 5, 1992
(#70000559)		 Abbeville
34°10′49″N 82°22′55″W		 Abbeville Where the American Civil War ended.
11 Camden Battlefield
Camden Battlefield
 January 20, 1961
(#66000707)		 Camden
34°20′47″N 80°36′27″W		 Kershaw Site of Battle of Camden, British victory in 1780
12 Chapelle Administration Building
Chapelle Administration Building
 December 8, 1976
(#76001710)		 Columbia
34°00′37″N 81°01′15″W		 Richland Allen University building designed by John A. Lankford, "dean of black architecture"
13 Charlesfort-Santa Elena Site
Charlesfort-Santa Elena Site
 January 3, 2001
(#74001822)		 Parris Island
32°18′23″N 80°40′32″W		 Beaufort Archeological site of French fort built in 1562 and Spanish forts built in 1566 and after.
14 Charleston Historic District
Charleston Historic District
 October 9, 1960
(#78002497)		 Charleston
32°47′08″N 79°56′13″W		 Charleston Historic district including 81 contributing properties and 700 others.
15 Church of the Holy Cross
Church of the Holy Cross
 November 7, 1973
(#73001732)		 Stateburg
33°57′39″N 80°31′55″W		 Sumter Gothic Revival Church constructed of rammed earth in 1852. Across the road from Borough House
16 USS Clamagore
USS Clamagore
 June 29, 1989
(#89001229)		 Mount Pleasant
32°47′16″N 79°54′28″W		 Charleston A submarine that was in training when World War II ended
17 Coker Experimental Farms
Coker Experimental Farms
 July 19, 1964
(#66000706)		 Hartsville
34°21′47″N 80°03′35″W		 Darlington Site of crop-improvement experiments that "played a great role in the agricultural revolution of the South"
18 College of Charleston
College of Charleston
 November 11, 1971
(#71000748)		 Charleston
32°47′03″N 79°56′17″W		 Charleston Historic and attractive campus center; Randolph Hall, Towell Library, and Gate Lodge completed by 1856, designed by William Strickland, Edward Brickell White, and George E. Walker
19 Drayton Hall
Drayton Hall
 October 9, 1960
(#66000701)		 Charleston
32°52′15″N 80°04′35″W		 Charleston Plantation house built in 1742 of Palladian architectural style
20 Exchange and Provost
Exchange and Provost
 November 7, 1973
(#69000160)		 Charleston
32°46′37″N 79°55′37″W		 Charleston Variously a customhouse, mercantile exchange, military prison and barracks, post office, and meeting place of the 1790 State Legislature
21 Farmers' and Exchange Bank
Farmers' and Exchange Bank
 November 7, 1973
(#73001685)		 Charleston
32°46′39″N 79°55′37″W		 Charleston A unique Moorish-style bank building built in 1854
22 Fig Island March 29, 2007
(#70000585)		 Charleston
32°34′13″N 80°12′55″W		 Charleston Archaeological site that is "one of the most complex shell-ring sites" in the United States
23 Fireproof Building
Fireproof Building
 November 7, 1969
(#69000161)		 Charleston
32°46′37″N 79°55′52″W		 Charleston Designed by Robert Mills to be the most fireproof building in America; now the South Carolina Historical Society building.
24 First Baptist Church
First Baptist Church
 November 7, 1973
(#71000800)		 Columbia
34°00′21″N 81°02′00″W		 Richland Where the American Civil War started, with the secession of South Carolina from the Union.
25 Fort Hill (John C. Calhoun House)
Fort Hill (John C. Calhoun House)
 December 19, 1960
(#66000708)		 Clemson
34°40′34″N 82°50′21″W		 Pickens Home of John C. Calhoun, now within Clemson University campus.
26 William Gibbes House
William Gibbes House
 April 15, 1970
(#70000575)		 Charleston
32°46′15″N 79°56′04″W		 Charleston Adamesque style home with a beautiful ballroom, and exceptional wrought iron work and marble steps in front
27 Graniteville Historic District
Graniteville Historic District
 June 2, 1978
(#78002491)		 Graniteville
33°34′01″N 81°48′30″W		 Aiken Textile mill town with Gothic revival church and carpenter gothic homes
28 Hampton Plantation
Hampton Plantation
 April 15, 1970
(#70000582)		 McClellanville
33°11′54″N 79°26′16″W		 Charleston "South Carolina's finest example of a large two-and-a-half frame Georgian plantation house"
29 Dubose Heyward House
Dubose Heyward House
 November 11, 1971
(#71000749)		 Charleston
32°46′29″N 79°55′45″W		 Charleston Home of Dubose Heyward, author of the novel Porgy.
30 Heyward-Washington House
Heyward-Washington House
 April 15, 1970
(#70000576)		 Charleston
32°46′31″N 79°55′45″W		 Charleston Residence of George Washington during his 1792 visit to Charleston
31 Hibernian Hall
Hibernian Hall
 November 7, 1973
(#73001686)		 Charleston
32°46′39″N 79°55′52″W		 Charleston
32 Hopsewee
Hopsewee
 November 11, 1971
(#71000782)		 Georgetown
33°12′38″N 79°23′05″W		 Georgetown Plantation mansion built in 1749; the birthplace of Thomas Lynch Jr.
33 Huguenot Church
Huguenot Church
 November 7, 1973
(#73001687)		 Charleston
32°46′41″N 79°55′46″W		 Charleston Gothic Revival church built in 1844; designed by architect E. B. White
34 Kahal Kadosh Beth Elohim
Kahal Kadosh Beth Elohim
 June 19, 1980
(#78002499)		 Charleston
32°46′55″N 79°55′59″W		 Charleston Greek revival building from 1840; second oldest synagogue in continuous use in the United States
35 USS Laffey
USS Laffey
 January 14, 1986
(#83002189)		 Mount Pleasant
32°47′16″N 79°54′28″W		 Charleston A destroyer
36 Lancaster County Courthouse
Lancaster County Courthouse
 November 7, 1973
(#71000788)		 Lancaster
34°43′17″N 80°46′17″W		 Lancaster Courthouse in continuous use since 1828; designed by Robert Mills
37 Lancaster County Jail
Lancaster County Jail
 November 7, 1973
(#71000789)		 Lancaster
34°43′06″N 80°46′17″W		 Lancaster Former jail building built in 1823, virtually unaltered work of Robert Mills, reflecting innovative changes in jail design he promoted
38 Joseph Manigault House
Joseph Manigault House
 November 7, 1973
(#73001688)		 Charleston
32°47′19″N 79°56′08″W		 Charleston Home designed by Gabriel Manigault for his brother
39 Market Hall and Sheds
Market Hall and Sheds
 November 7, 1973
(#73001689)		 Charleston
32°46′51″N 79°55′53″W		 Charleston Greek Revival meat market with two blocks of sheds where vegetables, fish, etc., were sold
40 Marshlands
Marshlands
 November 7, 1973
(#73001674)		 Beaufort
32°26′01″N 80°39′57″W		 Beaufort Home of Dr. James Robert Verdier, who discovered a treatment for yellow fever
41 Middleburg Plantation
Middleburg Plantation
 April 15, 1970
(#70000568)		 Huger
33°04′52″N 79°50′35″W		 Berkeley One of the earliest frame plantation houses in the state
42 Middleton Place
Middleton Place
 November 11, 1971
(#71000770)		 Summerville
32°53′59″N 80°08′12″W		 Dorchester Plantation mansion and ornamental gardens on the Ashley River
43 Millford Plantation
Millford Plantation
 November 7, 1973
(#71000808)		 Pinewood
33°44′54″N 80°32′15″W		 Sumter A monumental 2-story Greek Revival mansion built in 1839 and meticulously restored in the early 1990s.
44 Mills Building, South Carolina State Hospital
Mills Building, South Carolina State Hospital
 November 7, 1973
(#70000890)		 Columbia
34°00′55″N 81°02′03″W		 Richland Designed by Robert Mills, used from 1827 to 1937; "the oldest building in the country to be used continuously as a mental institution and one of the first mental hospitals built with public funds"
45 Clark Mills Studio
Clark Mills Studio
 December 21, 1965
(#66000703)		 Charleston
32°46′36″N 79°55′46″W		 Charleston Studio of self-taught sculptor Clark Mills
46 Robert Mills House
Robert Mills House
 November 7, 1973
(#70000595)		 Columbia
34°00′34″N 81°01′45″W		 Richland Home designed by architect Robert Mills
47 Mulberry Plantation
Mulberry Plantation
 October 9, 1960
(#66000697)		 Moncks Corner
33°08′31″N 80°01′04″W		 Berkeley Built in 1714 for a Royal governor; one of the earliest plantation homes in the United States
48 Mulberry Plantation (James and Mary Boykin Chesnut House)
Mulberry Plantation (James and Mary Boykin Chesnut House)
 February 16, 2000
(#80003673)		 Camden
34°12′24″N 80°35′31″W		 Kershaw Home of Mary Boykin Chesnut and source for her Civil War-time diary describing southern society, "acknowledged as the most important piece of Confederate literature"
49 Ninety-Six and Star Fort
Ninety-Six and Star Fort
 November 7, 1973
(#69000169)		 Ninety Six
34°08′49″N 82°01′28″W		 Greenwood
50 Old Marine Hospital
Old Marine Hospital
 November 7, 1973
(#73001690)		 Charleston
32°46′39″N 79°56′15″W		 Charleston Gothic Revival design by Robert Mills built in 1833 to serve sick sailors and other transients
51 Parish House of the Circular Congregational Church
Parish House of the Circular Congregational Church
 November 7, 1973
(#73001683)		 Charleston
32°46′45″N 79°55′53″W		 Charleston Parish house designed by Robert Mills
52 Penn School Historic District
Penn School Historic District
 December 2, 1974
(#74001824)		 Frogmore
32°23′18″N 80°34′31″W		 Beaufort School for freed slaves, Gullahs, on St. Helena Island which was occupied by the Union near the outset of the American Civil War
53 Pompion Hill Chapel
Pompion Hill Chapel
 April 15, 1970
(#70000567)		 Huger
33°05′12″N 79°50′12″W		 Berkeley Episcopal chapel built in 1763, unaltered
54 Powder Magazine
Powder Magazine
 September 27, 1989
(#72001200)		 Charleston
32°46′47″N 79°55′47″W		 Charleston The oldest public building in the city
55 Joseph H. Rainey House
Joseph H. Rainey House
 April 20, 1984
(#84003877)		 Georgetown
33°22′07″N 79°17′02″W		 Georgetown Home of the first black U.S. Congressman, Joseph H. Rainey, a former slave
56 Robert Barnwell Rhett House
Robert Barnwell Rhett House
 November 7, 1973
(#73001691)		 Charleston
32°47′11″N 79°56′33″W		 Charleston Home of Robert Barnwell Rhett, an extreme secessionist politician, a leading fire-eater at the Nashville Convention of 1850, which failed to endorse his aim of secession
57 Robert William Roper House
Robert William Roper House
 November 7, 1973
(#73001692)		 Charleston
32°46′14″N 79°55′42″W		 Charleston
58 Nathaniel Russell House
Nathaniel Russell House
 November 7, 1973
(#71000750)		 Charleston
32°46′27″N 79°55′51″W		 Charleston Adamesque home completed in 1811
59 Edward Rutledge House
Edward Rutledge House
 November 11, 1971
(#71000751)		 Charleston
32°46′34″N 79°56′01″W		 Charleston Home of Edward Rutledge, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, and a governor of South Carolina
60 John Rutledge House
John Rutledge House
 November 7, 1973
(#71000752)		 Charleston
32°46′34″N 79°56′01″W		 Charleston Home of Gov. John Rutledge, a signer of the U.S. Constitution.
61 St. James Church, Goose Creek
St. James Church, Goose Creek
 April 15, 1970
(#70000566)		 Goose Creek
32°58′25″N 80°01′47″W		 Berkeley Episcopal chapel
62 St. James Church, Santee
St. James Church, Santee
 April 15, 1970
(#70000581)		 Georgetown
33°10′13″N 79°27′56″W		 Charleston
63 Saint Michael's Episcopal Church
Saint Michael's Episcopal Church
 October 9, 1960
(#66000704)		 Charleston
32°46′33″N 79°55′51″W		 Charleston Built in 1750s, Charleston's oldest church building
64 St. Philip's Episcopal Church
St. Philip's Episcopal Church
 November 7, 1973
(#73001695)		 Charleston
32°46′44″N 79°55′46″W		 Charleston Church with E. B. White-designed steeple
65 St. Stephen's Episcopal Church
St. Stephen's Episcopal Church
 April 15, 1970
(#70000570)		 St. Stephen
33°24′19″N 79°55′00″W		 Berkeley A small Georgian brick country church with a high gambrel roof.
66 Simmons-Edwards House
Simmons-Edwards House
 November 7, 1973
(#71000753)		 Charleston
32°46′22″N 79°56′02″W		 Charleston Known as the "Pineapple Gate House" by locals, referring to finials upon its large brick gates
67 Robert Smalls House
Robert Smalls House
 May 30, 1973
(#74001823)		 Beaufort
32°26′07″N 80°40′05″W		 Beaufort Post-Civil War home of U.S. congressman Robert Smalls, a former slave who commandeered a Confederate ship out to Union lines
68 Snee Farm
Snee Farm
 November 7, 1973
(#73001702)		 Mount Pleasant
32°50′46″N 79°49′29″W		 Charleston Home of early South Carolina Governor Charles Pinckney.
69 Snow's Island December 2, 1974
(#73001708)		 Across the Peedee River from Dunham Bluff, near Johnsonville[10]
33°50′13″N 79°20′28″W		 Florence Revolutionary War era refuge of the "Swamp Fox", Francis Marion
70 South Carolina State House
South Carolina State House
 May 11, 1976
(#70000598)		 Columbia
34°00′02″N 81°01′59″W		 Richland This Greek Revival capitol building was completed in 1907, with major renovations in 1959 and 1998.
71 Stono River Slave Rebellion Site
Stono River Slave Rebellion Site
 May 30, 1974
(#74001840)		 Rantowles
32°47′08″N 80°08′44″W		 Charleston Beginning point of the earliest slave revolt in the United States.
72 Colonel John Stuart House
Colonel John Stuart House
 November 7, 1973
(#70000578)		 Charleston
32°46′28″N 79°56′02″W		 Charleston Home of Colonel John Stuart.
73 Unitarian Church
Unitarian Church
 November 7, 1973
(#73001696)		 Charleston
32°46′41″N 79°56′04″W		 Charleston Church built in 1772 and reworked in Gothic style during 1852-1854
74 Denmark Vesey House
Denmark Vesey House
 May 11, 1976
(#76001698)		 Charleston
32°46′56″N 79°56′28″W		 Charleston Said to be the home of Denmark Vesey, who was accused of plotting slave rebellion in 1822 and executed
75 Woodlands
Woodlands
 November 11, 1971
(#71000742)		 Bamberg
33°17′27″N 80°55′53″W		 Bamberg The primary residence of author William Gilmore Simms, whose main house was burned in 1865; the remaining wing and several outbuildings constitute a literary landmark.
76 USS Yorktown
USS Yorktown
 January 14, 1986
(#82001519)		 Mount Pleasant
32°47′20″N 79°54′31″W		 Charleston Famous World War II aircraft carrier

Historic areas of the National Park System in South Carolina

National Historic Sites, National Historic Parks, National Memorials, and certain other areas listed in the National Park system are historic landmarks of national importance that are highly protected already, often before the inauguration of the NHL program in 1960, and are then often not also named NHLs per se. There are five of these in South Carolina. The National Park Service lists these five together with the NHLs in the state,[11] The Charles Pinckney National Historic Site (also known as Snee Farm) and Ninety Six National Historic Site are also NHLs and are listed above. The remaining three are:

Landmark name Image Date established[12] Location County Description
1 Cowpens National Battlefield March 4, 1929 Gaffney Cherokee Site of Battle of Cowpens in 1781
2 Fort Sumter National Monument April 28, 1948 Charleston Charleston First shots of the American Civil War were fired on January 9, 1861, and the Battle of Fort Sumter raged from April 12 to April 13.
3 Kings Mountain National Military Park March 3, 1931 Blacksburg Cherokee Site of Battle of Kings Mountain on 7 October 1780

Former NHLs in South Carolina

The nuclear-powered commercial vessel NS Savannah was moved to Virginia. Piedmont Number One, a historic textile mill, burned in 1983.

Landmark name Image Date designated Date moved or
withdrawn		 Locality County Description
1 NS Savannah July 17, 1991[13] 1994 Patriot's Point, Charleston Charleston Nuclear-powered merchant cargo and passenger vessel. It was at Patriot's Point from 1982 until 1994, when it was removed to Baltimore, Maryland. It has since been moved to Virginia.
2 Piedmont Number One June 2, 1978 March 5, 1986 Piedmont Greenville A historic Southern textile mill that burned in 1983. Its National Historic Landmark designation was removed on March 5, 1986.[14]

See also

References
  1. National Park Service. "National Historic Landmarks Program: Questions and Answers". Retrieved 2007-09-21.
  2. National Park Service (June 2011). "National Historic Landmarks Survey: List of National Historic Landmarks by State" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-11-05. Retrieved 2011-07-04.
  3. Robert Mills' eight NHLs in SC are: Bethesda Presbyterian Church, Fireproof Building, Lancaster County Courthouse, Lancaster County Jail, Robert Mills House, Mills Building, South Carolina State Hospital, Old Marine Hospital (Charleston), and Parish House of the Circular Congregational Church.
  4. Edward Brickell White's five NHLs in SC are: College of Charleston, Huguenot Church, Market Hall and Sheds, Saint Philip's Episcopal Church.
  5. Architect Gabriel Manigault designed Joseph Manigault House, and possibly both Presqui'ile and William Blacklock House.
  6. Medical doctor William Wallace Anderson designed Borough House and Church of the Holy Cross.
  7. Places associated with an artist or writer are: Atalaya and Brookgreen Gardens/Anna Huntington; Dubose Heyward House/Dubose Heyward; Clark Mills Studio/Clark Mills; Mulberry Plantation (James and Mary Boykin Chesnut House)/Mary Boykin Chesnut; Woodlands/William Gilmore Simms
  8. Numbers represent an alphabetical ordering by significant words. Various colorings, defined here, differentiate National Historic Landmarks and historic districts from other NRHP buildings, structures, sites or objects.
  9. The eight-digit number below each date is the number assigned to each location in the National Register Information System database, which can be viewed by clicking the number.
  10. "Snow's Island". South Carolina History Trail. Retrieved 2015-11-05.
  11. These are listed on p.114 of "National Historic Landmarks Survey: List of National Historic Landmarks by State"
  12. Date of listing as National Monument or similar designation, from various sources in articles indexed.
  13. "N.S. SAVANNAH (Nuclear Merchant Ship)". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Archived from the original on 2009-04-14. Retrieved 2008-03-27.
  14. Withdrawal of National Historic Landmark designation
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