List of the largest trading partners of the European Union

According to the European Commission Directorate-General for Trade. The 10 largest trading partners of the European Union with their total trade (sum of imports and exports) in millions of euro for calendar year 2017 are as follows. In the table, a positive trade balance means that the EU exports more than it imports from the given country.[1]

EU

Top 10 (2010)

Top 20 (2010)

With United Kingdom withdrawal from the European Union, United Kingdom enters the top ten partners of the EU-27. These figures do not include foreign direct investment or trade in services, but only trade in goods.

EU-27 trade after Brexit (2019 in billion euros)
Rank	Country/district	Exports	Imports	Total trade	Trade balance
1	United States	384	231	615	152
2	China	198	361	559	−163
3	United Kingdom	318	193	511	124
4	Switzerland	146	110	256	36
5	Russia	87	143	230	−55
6	Turkey	68	69	137	−1
7	Japan	61	62	123	−1
8	Norway	51	54	105	−2
9	South Korea	43	47	90	−4
10	India	38	39	77	−1

See also

References

Top Trading Partners: Client and Supplier Countries of the EU28 in Merchandise Trade (value %) (2015, excluding intra-EU trade). Accessed 29 October 2018

International trade

Terminology

Organizations
and policies

Political economy

Regional organizations

Americas	Andean Community of Nations Caribbean Community Central American Integration System Mercosur
Asia-Pacific	Association of Southeast Asian Nations Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
Europe, Central Asia, and North Asia	Customs Union of Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Russia Eurasian Economic Union European Union Customs Union
Middle East and North Africa	Arab Customs Union Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf
Subsaharan Africa	East African Community Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa Southern African Customs Union West African Economic and Monetary Union

Exports by product

Category
Commons

Foreign relations of the European Union

Bilateral relations

See also: Economic relationships with third countries
Africa	Algeria Cape Verde Egypt Libya Morocco South Africa Sudan Tunisia
Americas	Argentina trade Brazil Canada Cuba Greenland Mexico United States Uruguay
Asia	Bahrain Bangladesh China India Indonesia Iran Iraq Israel Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Lebanon Malaysia Nepal North Korea Pakistan Palestine† Philippines South Korea Syria Taiwan Uzbekistan Vietnam Yemen
Europe	Albania Andorra Armenia Azerbaijan Belarus Bosnia and Herzegovina Faroe Islands Georgia Iceland Kosovo† Liechtenstein Moldova Monaco Montenegro North Macedonia Northern Cyprus† Norway Russia San Marino Serbia Switzerland Turkey Accession negotiations Ukraine United Kingdom Vatican City
Oceania	Australia New Zealand
Former	Yugoslavia
General	Overseas territories of member states European microstates Largest trading partners Association Agreements Free trade agreements
†= Disputed state, may not be recognised as an independent state by some or all European Union members.

Multilateral relations and initiatives

Organisations

Initiatives

African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States
Asia–Europe Meeting
CARIFORUM
Customs Union
Eastern Partnership
Energy Community
Euro-Latin American Parliamentary Assembly
European Common Aviation Area
European Economic Area
Euro-Mediterranean free trade area
Euro-Mediterranean Partnership
Euronest
Economic Partnership Agreements
EU CBRN Risk Mitigation CoE Initiative
Neighbourhood Policy
Northern Dimension
Mediterranean Union
Stabilisation and Association Process

Administration and policies

Foreign and Security Policy	Security Strategy Everything but Arms Security and Defence Policy Enlargement
Administration	Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection Department Directorate-General for International Cooperation and Development External Action Service Foreign Affairs Council High Representative Josep Borrell Parliamentary Foreign Affairs Committee Foreign Policy Instruments Service Diplomatic missions of the EU (ambassadors) / to the EU Special Representatives

Common Security and Defence Policy of the European Union

Leadership

Arms of CEUMC

External Action Service	Command structure on the civilian/military strategic and operational levels (Military Planning and Conduct Capability within the Military Staff, Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability, Joint Support Coordination Cell) Intelligence and Situation Centre (Club de Berne) Crisis Management and Planning Directorate Security & Defence College
Agencies	Defence Agency Border and Coast Guard Agency Institute for Security Studies Satellite Centre
Council preparatory bodies	Committee of Permanent Representatives Political and Security Committee Politico-Military Group Military Committee Committee for Civilian Aspects of Crisis Management
European Commission bodies	Directorate-General for Defence Industry and Space

Policies

Other

Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO)
Headline Goal 2010
Military Erasmus
Military Mobility (PESCO)
Intelligence School (PESCO)
Kortenberg building
NATO relations (Berlin Plus agreement, Joint Declaration)

Equipment

Galileo navigation system
Secure Software-defined Radio (PESCO)

Decorations

Defence forces of the European Union

See also: Movement Coordination Centre · Air Group · Finabel · Organisation of Military Associations · Organisation for Joint Armament Cooperation · Personnel Recovery Centre

Multinational

Union level

Battlegroups

French Battlegroup
Italian Battlegroup
Spanish Battlegroup
British Battlegroup
French-German Battlegroup
French-Belgian Battlegroup
Battlegroup 107
German-Czech-Austrian Battlegroup
Multinational Land Force
Spanish–Italian Amphibious Battlegroup
Battlegroup I-2010
Nordic Battlegroup
UK–Dutch Battlegroup
Balkan Battlegroup
Czech–Slovak Battlegroup
Spanish-led Battlegroup
Italian-Romanian-Turkish Battlegroup
Weimar Battlegroup
EUBG 2014 II
Visegrád Battlegroup

Other

European Medical Command (PESCO)
EUFOR Crisis Response Operation Core (PESCO)

Provided through
TEU Article 42.3

Overseas interventions of the European Union¹

See also: Operations of the European Border and Coast Guard · Exercises of the Western Union · Operations of the European Maritime Force · Operations of the European Rapid Operational Force · Missions of the European Gendarmerie Force · Exercises of the European Maritime Force · Operations of the European Corps

Military operations

[Ground] force (EUFOR)	Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (Operation Concordia, 2003) Democratic Republic of the Congo (Operation Artemis, 2003) Bosnia and Herzegovina (Operation Althea, 2004 – present) Democratic Republic of the Congo (2006) Chad and the Central African Republic (2008 – 2009) Central African Republic (2014 – 2015)
Naval force (EUNAVFOR)	Adriatic Sea (Operation Sharp Guard, 1993 – 1996) Somalia (Operation Atalanta, 2008 – present) Mediterranean Sea (Operation Sophia, 2015 – present)

Military missions

Training mission (EUTM)	Mali (2013 – present) Central African Republic (2016 – present) Somalia (2010 – present)

Civilian missions

Police mission (EUPOL, EUPM)	Kinshasa (2005 – 2007) RD Congo (2007 – 2014) PROXIMA/FYROM (2003 – 2005) Afghanistan (2007 – 2016) Kinshasa (2005 – 2007) RD Congo (2007 – 2014) BiH (2003 – 2012) Bosnia and Herzegovina (2003 – 2012) Afghanistan (2007 – present) Palestinian Territories (2006 – present)
Capacity building mission (EUCAP)	Sahel Mali (2014 – present) Sahel Niger (2012 – present) Somalia (2012 – Present)
Border assistance mission (EUBAM)	Moldova and Ukraine (2005 – present) Libya (2013 – present) Rafah (2005 – present)
Rule of law mission (EULEX)	Kosovo (2008 – present)
Monitoring mission (EUMM)	Aceh (2005 – 2006) Georgia (2008 – present)
Military advisory mission (EUMAM)	RCA (2015 – 2016)
Aviation security mission (EUAVSEC)	South Sudan (2013 – 2014)
Mission in support of the security sector reform (EUSSR)	Guinea-Bissau (2008 – 2010)
Integrated rule of law mission (EUJUST)	Iraq (2015 – 2013) Georgia (2004 – 2005)
Mission to provide advice and assistance for security sector reform (EUSEC)	RD Congo (2005 – 2016)
Advisory mission (EUAM)	Ukraine (2014 – present) Iraq (2017 – present)
Police advisory team (EUPAT)	FYROM (2005 – 2006)
Other	AMIS EU Supporting Action (2005 – 2007) PAMECA (2002 – present) Minesweeping operation in the Strait of Hormuz, (Operation Cleansweep, 1987 – 1988) Police and customs operation with OSCE on the Danube (1993 – 1996) Police contingent in Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina (1994 – 1996) Multinational Advisory Police Element in Albania (MAPE, 1997 – 2001) Demining Assistance Mission to Croatia (WEUDAM, 1999 – 2001) General security surveillance mission in Kosovo (1998 – 1999)

¹: Conducted by the Western European Union prior to 2003. These missions were not named using conventional prefixes such as EUFOR, EUNAVFOR etc.

History of the Common Security and Defence Policy

Western Union (1948 – 1951/1954)

European Defence Community (plan that failed in 1954)

Treaty establishing the European Defence Community (signed 1952, unratified)

Western European Union (1954–2011)

London and Paris Conferences (1954)
Modified Brussels Treaty (1954)
Saar Statute referendum (1955)
Flag
Assembly
Secretary-General
Service medal
Rome Declaration (1984)
Petersberg Declaration (1992)
Rapid Operational Force (1995–2012)
European Security and Defence Identity (1996-1999)

European Union (1992-present)

Period before the union had defence structures (1993-1999)	Maastricht Treaty (1992) Treaty of Amsterdam (1997) Saint-Malo declaration (1998)
European Security and Defence Policy (1999-2009)	Helsinki Headline Goal (1999) Seville Declarations (2002) European Security Strategy (2003) CAPECON project (2002-2005)
Common Security and Defence Policy (2009-present)	Treaty of Lisbon (2007) Lancaster House Treaties (2010) Operations Centre (2012-2016)

European Union portal · War portal

Economy of the European Union

Market

Institutions
& Offices

Policies

Finance

State economies

of Denmark	Faroe Islands Greenland
of France	French Polynesia Mayotte New Caledonia Saint Barthélemy Saint Martin Saint Pierre and Miquelon Wallis and Futuna
of the Netherlands	Aruba Curaçao Sint Maarten

International

Associations

Economics Portal
European Union Portal

European Union articles

Timeline	Pre-1945 1945–1957 1958–1972 1973–1993 1993–2004 Since 2004
Predecessors	Timeline Founders European Coal and Steel Community (1951–2002) European Economic Community (1958–1993/2009) Euratom (1958–present) European Communities (1967–1993/2009) Justice and Home Affairs (1993–2009)

Institutions	European Council European Commission European Parliament Committees of the European Parliament Council of the European Union Court of Justice of the European Union European Central Bank European Court of Auditors (presidents)
Agencies	Banking Border and coast security (Frontex) Disease prevention and control Environment Foreign affairs (External Action Service) Judicial cooperation (Eurojust) Law enforcement cooperation (Europol) Maritime safety Reconstruction
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