Transport in Greece

Transport in Greece have undergone significant changes in the past two decades, vastly modernizing the country's infrastructure and transportation. Although ferry transport between islands remains the prominent method of transport between the nation's islands, improvements to the road infrastructure, rail, urban transport, and airports have all led to a vast improvement in transportation. These upgrades have played a key role in supporting Greece's economy, which in the past decade has come to rely heavily on the construction industry.

Economy of Greece
Overview
History
Related
  •  Greece portal
Metro Line 1, the oldest Metro line of Athens Urban area

Rail transport
Main article: Rail transport in Greece

Railways
  • total: 2,571 km (1,598 mi), (764 km or 475 mi are, or will be, electrified)
  • standard gauge: 1,565 km (972 mi) 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) gauge
  • narrow gauge: 961 km (597 mi) 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 3⁄8 in) gauge; 22 km (14 mi) 750 mm (2 ft 5 1⁄2 in) gauge
  • dual gauge: 23 km (14 mi) combined 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) and 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 3⁄8 in) gauges (three rail system) (2004)

The state owned company that owns and maintains Greece's railway network is called OSE, while TrainOSE is the company responsible for operating all passenger and freight trains.

Metro
Athens Metro Line 2

Cities with a rapid transit railway network:

Commuter Rail
Main article: Proastiakos
Proastiakos commuter rail

Cities with a commuter rail network (Proastiakos):

Tram
Athens Tram

Road transport

Highways
Main article: Highways in Greece
A2 (Egnatia Odos) motorway
Moreas Motorway.
Attiki Odos, near the Athens International Airport
  • As of 2017, Greece has 2500 km of motorways.

Roads:

  • total: 117,000 km
  • paved: 107,406 km
  • unpaved: 9,594 km (1996 est.)
  • over 2500 tunnels (est.)

Urban bus transport
Preserved vintage trolleybus of O.SY., Piraeus-Kastella line
  • OSY subsidiary of OASA organizes mass bus (Busses and trolleybuses) transit in Athens
  • OASTH organizes mass bus transit in Thessaloniki.
  • Companies named Astiko KTEL provide mass bus transit in many of the other cities of Greece.

Intercity and regional bus transport
Main article: KTEL (Greece)

KTEL is the common name for every company which is responsible for intercity and regional bus transit. Most of the regional units, though, have their own regional network of buses, and have their regional unit names labeled on KTEL vehicles that operate there. (e.g. KTEL Argolidas).

There are 3 major bus terminals in Greece, the biggest is in Thessaloniki (Macedonia Inter city bus terminal) which serves all of Greece while Athens has 2 separate bus terminals serving different parts of Greece (Kifissos bus terminal and Liossion bus terminal). A new Athens bus terminal in Elaionas will replace the two separate terminals and serve all of Greece with completion by 2025.

Water transport

Waterways
View of the port of Patras

The 80 km system consists of three coastal canals including the Corinth Canal (6 km) and three unconnected rivers.

The Corinth Canal crosses the Isthmus of Corinth, connecting the Gulf of Corinth with the Saronic Gulf; and shortens the sea voyage from the Adriatic to Piraeus by 325 km.

Ports and harbours
Main article: List of ports in Greece

Merchant Marine
  • total: 3,338 ships (with a volume of 1,000 gross tonnage (GT) or over) totaling 109,377,819 GT/182,540,868 tonnes deadweight (DWT)
  • ships by type (1999 est.)

Airports
Main article: List of airports in Greece
Thessaloniki International Airport
  • total: 82 (2005)
  • With paved runways: 67
  • over 3,047 m: 5
  • 2,438 to 3,047 m: 16
  • 1,524 to 2,437 m: 19
  • 914 to 1,523 m: 17

under 914 m: 10 (2005)

  • With unpaved runways: 15
  • 914 to 1,523 m: 3
  • under 914 m: 12 (2005)
  • heliports: 8 (2005)

Pipelines
  • crude oil: 26 km
  • petroleum products: 547 km

Major Construction Projects

Motorways

Railways

Ports and harbours

Pireaus Port Rafina Port Lavrion Port

Airports

Motorways

Railways

Airports

Motorways
  • Larisa-Kozane Motorway

Railways
  • Line 4 (Athens Metro)
  • Igoumenitsa-Ioannina-Kalampaka Railway line
  • Kalampaka-Kastoria Railway line
  • Florina-Pogradec Railway line
  • Kalampaka-Kozani-Thessaloniki-Kavala-Toxotes Railway line
  • Ioannina-Rio Railway line
  • Thessaloniki-Chalkidiki Railway line
  • Thessaloniki-Giannitsa-Skydra Railway line
  • Chania-Rethymnon-Herakleion Railway line
  • Thessaloniki Tram
  • Heraklion Tram
  • Patras Tram
  • Larisa Tram
  • Ioannina Tram
  • Volos Tram

See also

References
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