Capiz

The account of early Spanish explorers about Capiz and its people was traced back in 1566 when the Spaniards set foot in the mouth of Banica river. Early settlements were seen in the town of Pan-ay which the town originally called "Bamban" which was changed by the early Spaniards to "Panay", a word which means "mouth of the river." This is also the location of a fortress built by Juan de la Isla in late 1570. The Paseo de Evangelizacion 1566 can be found in the town plaza and was erected through the efforts of Rev. Msgr. Benjamin F. Advincula.

When the Spaniards led by Miguel López de Legazpi came to Panay from Cebu in 1569, after sailing from Mexico, they found people with tattoos, and so they called the island Isla de los Pintados.[6] How the island itself came to be called Panay is uncertain. The Aeta (Negritos) called it Aninipay, after a plant that abounded in the island. Legend has it that López de Legazpi and his men, in search of food, exclaimed upon the island, pan hay en esta isla! "There is bread in this island"! and the island of Panay closely resembles the shape of a heart and the heart of Jesus Christ is considered present in the Eucharistic Bread. Panay is also an echo of Pannai, a constituent state in Srivijaya that housed an officially Buddhist Monastic-Army that defended the conflict-prone strait of Malacca, the world's busiest maritime trade route for half a millennium and had successfully defended the territory against larger navies from giant countries like India, China and Indonesia before a treacherous and unexpected attack from the Chola-occupied capital destroyed Srivijaya and sacked Pannai. Idealistic Datus and their most faithful soldiers who refused to submit to foreign imperialism left the golden chains they had in Sumatra and migrated to Panay island to rebuild a society much truer to their ideals and had even achieved more democracy since they developed their initial mandala even further, the original concept of the mandala being a dynamic interaction sphere based on Tantric cosmology and political thought, with a definite center and the Datus of Panay then expounded on that tradition and decided to make the Mandala resistant to destruction by making it into a Kedatuan, establishing a Semi-democratic Hindu-Buddhist influenced Confederation known as the Kedatuan of Madja-as where capitals and were routinely being transferred and different Datus took turns holding the crown. The Spanish then came and established their first settlement on the island at the mouth of the Banica River and called it Pan-ay. This was the second Spanish settlement in the Philippines, following San Miguel, Cebu. Unknown to many, Calle Revolución in Panay town is the second oldest street in the Philippines after Calle Colon in Cebu City, Central Visayas.

Later in 1569, Captain Diego de Artieda, who was sent by Legazpi, landed in the Town of Panay and proclaimed it as the capital of the province. Later, the Spaniards moved the capital to its present site upon discovering the town of Capiz (not the province, and now Roxas City) which was near the sea and provided docking facilities.

The province was created a separate encomienda and was later organized into a politico-military unit in 1716. The American takeover of the Philippines resulted in the establishment of a civil government in Capiz on April 15, 1901 by virtue of Act 115.[7]

The Panayanon's noble character and royal blood shone out in later centuries when fellow people from Panay island, at Iloilo City was given the Queen of the Spain, the Royal Title of "Most Loyal and Noble City" for being the most ardent and faithful city in the Spanish Empire and had clung on to Spain while the entire empire collapsed. Although Capiz joined the Tagalog lead Philippine revolution, the Spaniards didn't surrender to the Tagalogs but they did surrender to the people of Iloilo and eventually Iloilo and Capiz were part of the same "Federal Republic of the Visayas" a substate which was formed within the First Philippine Republic, the first capital of which was in Cavite while the United States of America had betrayed the Philippine Revolution which they initially supported and in which, influential American officers swore loyalty to, by breaking their oaths and occupying Manila.

In April 16, 1942, Imperial Japanese forces landed on Capiz City and occupied the rest of the province. However, on December 20, 1944, Capizanon guerrillas, whose forces already occupied most of the province, liberated the capital from Japanese hands, leading to the full liberation of the province.[8]

Capiz and Aklan were united under one province until 25 April 1956, when President Ramon Magsaysay signed into law Republic Act 1414 separating the two entities.[9]

Capiz comprises 1 city (Roxas) and 16 municipalities, further subdivided into 473 barangays, with 2 congressional districts.

Historians and ethnologists narrowed down to three types of people known to have inhabited Capiz: Atis/Aetas, popularly known as Negritos; Indonesian descendants of the Mundo tribe in central Panay; and the Malays.

Located in Tapaz, it is a cultural minority of Indonesian stock that worships spirits, practice secondary burial, and hunt with blowguns. The Sulod love personal ornaments. The necklace worn is not only an ornament and a status symbol but also an anting-anting or amulet.

Roman Catholicism remains influential in the lives of most people living in Capiz especially in the fields of politics, education and even in their daily personal decisions. Roman Catholics are predominant with 70 percent adherence, the Iglesia Filipina Independiente has a strong minority with 20 percent while other minorities are Born Again Christians, Iglesia ni Cristo, Methodists, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Baptists, Jehovah's Witnesses, and Seventh-day Adventists among others.

There are two main local languages: Capiznon and Hiligaynon. Filipino and English are also used and understood as administrative and business languages and are widely spoken as second languages. Aklanon is spoken in towns near Aklan such as Sapian, Jamindan, and Mambusao.

Capiznon is concentrated in the province of Capiz in the northeast of Panay. It is a member of the Visayan language family and the people using it are part of the wider Visayan ethnolinguistic group, who constitute the largest Filipino ethnolinguistic group. It is related but often confused with Hiligaynon/Ilonggo, yet it has its own unique vocabulary and accent, as well as a handful of words unique to the language itself.

Four big telecommunication companies offer telegraph, telex and telephone services. Communication facilities are catered by the Philippine Long Distance and Telephone Company (PLDT), Bureau of Telecommunications (BUTEL), PT&T, RCPI-Bayantel, Globelines-Islacom and cellular phone companies: Smart, Globe, Touch Mobile & Sun Cellular. Internet services are also available like PLDT Vibe.

Broadcast media is catered by 4 radio stations namely: AM - DYJJ, DYOW - Bombo Radyo, DYVR - Radio Agong / RMN - FM.-Star FM, Love Radio, and Radyo Todo. Television facilities reach the city through Iloilo. However, we have two (2) cable television provided by Wesfardell Cable Services and the Filvision, Inc. (Altocable). An ABS-CBN Television relay station is now operating in the city.

There are more than 60 banking institutions and 116 intermediaries operating in the province.

Some popular Capiz shell chips decorating design include gift items, indoor decoration and outdoor decoration ornaments. Capiz chip-made products range from lanterns, lamp shades, window pane, chandeliers, curtains, picture panels and frames, Capiz shell balls, plates, decorative bowls, candle holders, tiles, flower vase, door hanging chime, soapdish, pendant, globelight, necklace decor, beads, bird cage, floor lamp holders, faux chandelier, gift boxes, collection item rack and many more.

Bulad or dried fish is a major product. There are several varieties of dried fishes that can be found in Capiz.

The province has currently one non-voice outsourcing company - PETRA Academy. PETRA Academy serves Korean nationals for an online English tutorial. The company is located in 3/F JC TIU Building, Corner Burgos Street and Inzo Arnaldo, Roxas City. Pueblo de Panay township has allotted 7 hectares for Pueblo de Panay Technopark. The PEZA-approved technopar will house international and national BPO companies soon.

The official hymn of Capiz, O, Capiz was adopted on June 2006 by ordinance of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan. Vicente Bermejo, former province governor stated "we need a melody that will inspire us and forge our efforts together to achieve our dream for a better Capiz," in support of the hymn's incorporation.

Capiz is one of the places in the Philippines that contributed a lot in Philippine folk dancing. The province alone has 19 Visayan folk dances such as "Tinolabong", "Gayong-gayong", "Timawa", Dagit-dagit", "Beneracion", "Tatay Meroy Cariñosa", "Pukol", "Habanera Capiceña", "Cabatingan", "Saad", "Pitik Mingaw", "Kuratsa Capiceña", and "Palomita Coquitana" to name a few.

• Saot Capiz - A cultural presentation - The First Capiz Dance Season held every Saturday at the Capiz Provincial Park, Roxas City.
• Sinadya sa Halaran - Is a merging of the Roxas City Fiesta "Sinadya" and the Province celebration of "Halaran". "Sinadya sa Halaran" is a commemoration of the feast of the patroness of Roxas City which is the Immaculate Conception and a thanksgiving. It literally means "Joy in Sharing and Thanksgiving". Rituals and festivities include fireworks, grand parades, fluvial processions, fair and food festivals, street dancing, and exhibits. Later, the festival was renamed "Sinadya sa Inmaculada Concepcion" with the dissolution of the Halaran Festival and the re-direction of the City's celebration to its patron, the Immaculate Concepcion. The City of Roxas, to celebrate the organization of its government, now also celebrates "Sugilanon Festival" in May of every year, usually in the week leading to or after May 12 which is the charter day of the city.
• Pangahaw Festival - A thanksgiving for a bountiful harvest by the Indigenous Peoples of Jamindan.
• Guyum-Guyuman Festival - "Caguyuman" the old name of Pontevedra, meaning anthill, a name distinct for ants' house was once a part of the municipality of Pan-ay mainly because of its abundant natural resources both from the coastal and upland areas. People from the nearby municipalities of Panay, Panitan, Maayon and President Roxas, would thrive in the market place like swarm of ants for trading. This rich tradition is now a celebration of life and thanksgiving for all Caguyumanons.
• Talahong Festival - Talaba and tahong is very rich in production in these areas. More than a hundred fisherfolk live along the coast. Since Sapian is abundant with seafoods, it was the initiative of the Local Government Unit to organize a Talahong Festival (Talaba-Tahong) every 2nd Friday and 2nd Saturday of May that promotes the local products.
• Tagbuan Festival - It was conceptualized during the Pre-Spanish time, wherein there were aetas in the upland barangay.

Roxas Airport is an airport serving the general area of Roxas City, the provincial capital. The airport is classified as a Class 1 principal airport, by the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines. Roxas Airport has 3 flights daily and 4 flights on selected days courtesy of Philippine Airlines, Cebu Pacific and Tiger Air Philippines.

The primary transportation vehicle used in Roxas City and other municipalities in Capiz is the tricycle. Travel between municipalities is typically by jeepney, vans and Ceres operated buses. "Capiz Cab", the city's taxi that plies Roxas City and the 16 municipalities of the Capiz. Capiz Cabs are the first receipt-issuing taxis in the Philippines apart from those operating out of the Ninoy Aquino International Airport.

Inter and provincial mobility of residents and their cargo is serviced by vans, buses and jeepneys. Sea transportation (cargo vessel) is served by Moreta Lines plying the route of Roxas to Manila. Roll On-Roll Off (Ro-Ro) are served by two (2) shipping companies namely Super Shuttle Roro 2 and 2GO to fetch passengers from Roxas City to Batangas City via Odiongan, Romblon. Inter-island shipping is also served from Roxas City to the following locations such as: Balud, Masbate; Mandaon, Masbate; Sibuyan Island, Romblon; Cadiz, Negros Occidental; Guimaras Island; and Estancia, Iloilo.

• Jocelyn Bolante, Politician who formerly served as an Undersecretary of the Department of Agriculture of the Philippines.[19]
• Pedro Gil, was a physician, journalist, and legislator. He was elected representative for the south district of Manila on the Democratra party ticket. He became Minority Floor Leader in the House of Representatives of the Philippines.
• Manuel Roxas, first President of the independent Republic of the Philippines.
• Gerardo Roxas, Philippine Senator and son of President Manuel Roxas.
• Manuel Roxas II, Philippine Senator, grandson of President Manuel Roxas and former Department of Interior and Local Government (Philippines) secretary.
• Gerardo Roxas, Jr., grandson of President Manuel Roxas and former Congressman.
• Fredenil Castro, former deputy speaker of the House of the Representatives of the Philippines.
• Roy Señeres, Filipino statesman and diplomat.
• Antonio Trillanes, a retired Navy officer currently serving as a senator of the Philippines. Her mother is from Ivisan, Capiz.[20]

• Jeckster Apinan, a professional basketball player[21]
• Mac Belo, basketball player. A son of a Capiznon from Pan-ay, Capiz who migrated to Cotabato.[22]
• Jose Maxian, World Boxing Council (WBC) champion in the super featherweight International Youth[23]
• Glenn Peter Yap, shooting forward and number 8 overall pick of Alaska Aces in the 2000 Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) annual draft[24]

• Gina Alajar, actress and director. She was born in Lanot, Roxas City, Capiz.
• Charlie Davao, actor, he was born to Estrella Valdez of Capiz.[25]
• Ricky Davao, actor and director.
• Bing Davao, actor.
• Ryan Eigenmann, actor and son of Gina Alajar.
• Geoff Eigenmann, actor, brother of Ryan Eigenmann, son of Gina Alajar.
• Daisy Avellana, actress and theater director.[26]
• Barbie Almabis-Honasan, Singer, former frontman of Hungry Young Poets and Barbie's Cradle.
• Maria Margarita Moran Roxas - Floirendo - Bb. Pilipinas-Universe 1973, Miss Universe 1973 winner. A granddaughter of former Philippine President Manuel Roxas, she has also been known as Margie Morán Róxas and later as Margie Morán Róxas De Floirendo or simply Margie Morán. She was the last Philippine representative to the Miss Universe Pageant to bring home the crown until Pia Alonzo Wurtzbach 42 years later in 2015.
• Geraldine Villarruz Asis - Bb. Pilipinas-Universe 1987, Miss Universe 1987 finalist.
• Sharmaine Arnaiz was born Sharmila Velasco Pribhdas-Shahani to an Indian father and a mother from Legaspi St., Roxas City. She has a younger sister who is also an actress named Bunny Paras and their mother is the sister of the mother of Patrick Garcia and Cheska Garcia.
• Jovita Fuentes, Dubbed the First Lady of Philippine Music. The first female recipient of the National Artist Award.[27]
• Edu Manzano, actor, politician and endorser. His mother is from Roxas City.
• Luis Manzano, actor, host and endorser. His paternal grandmother is from Capiz.
• Jo Berry, actress, famous for her role as a mom with dwarfism on Onanay. Her mom is from Capiz.
• Mikoy Morales, actor, finalist of Protege: The Battle For The Big Artista Break

• Paolo Bediones is a Filipino commercial model, television host, journalist, newscaster and radio announcer.
• Kara David, television host and journalist whose grandmother is a Capiznon.

• Vicki Belo, well-known dermatologist, daughter of Enrique “Ike” Belo of Pan-ay Capiz[28]

• Josepha Abiertas, feminist and lawyer was born and raised in Capiz.[29]