Ciramadol
Ciramadol (WY-15,705) is an opioid analgesic that was developed in the late 1970s[1] and is related to phencyclidine, tramadol, tapentadol and venlafaxine.[2] It is a mixed agonist-antagonist for the μ-opioid receptor with relatively low abuse potential[3] and a ceiling on respiratory depression[4] which makes it a relatively safe drug. It has a slightly higher potency and effectiveness as an analgesic than codeine,[5] but is weaker than morphine.[6] Other side effects include sedation and nausea but these are generally less severe than with other similar drugs.[7]
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| Other names | Ciramadol, WY-15705 |
| Routes of administration | Oral |
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| Formula | C15H23NO2 |
| Molar mass | 249.354 g·mol−1 |
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References
- US 3928626, "Benzylamine Analgesics"
- Cochrane AD, Bell R, Sullivan JR, Shaw J (November 1979). "Ciramadol. A new analgesic". The Medical Journal of Australia. 2 (9): 501–2. doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1979.tb125803.x. PMID 522808.
- Preston KL, Bigelow GE, Liebson IA (March 1987). "Comparative evaluation of morphine, pentazocine and ciramadol in postaddicts". The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 240 (3): 900–10. PMID 3559982.
- Romagnoli A, Keats AS (1986). "Low ceiling respiratory depression by ciramadol". International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Research. 6 (6): 451–5. PMID 3100462.
- Downing JW, Brock-Utne JG, Holloway AM (December 1983). "Ciramadol--a new synthetic analgesic. A double-blind comparison with oral codeine for postoperative pain relief". South African Medical Journal = Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Geneeskunde. 64 (25): 978–82. PMID 6359486.
- Powell WF (November 1985). "A double-blind comparison of multiple intramuscular doses of ciramadol, morphine, and placebo for the treatment of postoperative pain". Anesthesia and Analgesia. 64 (11): 1101–7. doi:10.1213/00000539-198511000-00012. PMID 3901821.
- Stambaugh JE, McAdams J (February 1987). "Comparison of the analgesic efficacy and safety oral ciramadol, codeine, and placebo in patients with chronic cancer pain". Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 27 (2): 162–6. doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1987.tb02178.x. PMID 3680568. S2CID 21229861.
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