June 1912

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June 22, 1912: Incumbent U.S. President William Howard Taft nominated ahead of former U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt by Republicans
June 8, 1912: Columbus Memorial unveiled in Washington DC

The following events occurred in June 1912:

June 1, 1912 (Saturday)

June 2, 1912 (Sunday)

  • Official results of the parliamentary elections in Belgium gave the Catholic Party of Charles de Broqueville, in power for 28 years without interruption, 101 seats and increasing its majority in the Chamber of Representatives. The Catholic Party also retained a majority in the Belgian Senate. The results led to protests nationwide.[11]
  • The first contest for a human-powered flying machine was sponsored by Robert Peugeot and attracted 23 entrants, none of which were able to leave the ground. Peugeot then offered a competition on July 4 for any plane that could stay 10 centimeters off the ground for a distance of 100 meters.[12]
  • Chicago, Lake Shore and South Bend Railroad, predecessor of the Chicago South Shore and South Bend Railroad, began "one-car" passenger service directly to the Chicago Loop.[13]

June 3, 1912 (Monday)

June 4, 1912 (Tuesday)

June 5, 1912 (Wednesday)

  • A group of 570 U.S. Marines landed in Cuba at Caimanera, the first sent to protect American citizens there.[21] After rebel leader Evaristo Estenoz was killed on June 27, the Marines would withdraw on August 5.[22]
  • After using "whistles, trumpets, rattles, or other instruments of the most discordant character" to shout down debates over the Army Bill, 75 members of the opposition party in Hungary were expelled by police, leaving a quorum from Prime Minister István Tisza's National Party, which passed the Army Bill.[23] By the end of October, Tisza's powers would be extended to allow him to send a guard unit to use force against Members of Parliament as necessary.[24]
  • Mexico's President Francisco I. Madero and the Standard Oil Company agreed to "one of the most one-sided business concessions imaginable" with Standard Oil being allowed to operate in Mexico tax free for ten years, and the rights to eminent domain over any private or public property it wished to obtain to support its oil fields in four Mexican states.[25]
  • Tsuruko Haraguchi was awarded a PhD in psychology from Columbia University, becoming the first Japanese woman to earn a PhD in any field.[26]
  • Died: George S. Nixon, 52, American politician, U.S. Senator for Nevada from 1905 to 1912 (b. 1860); Francis James Gillen, Australian anthropologist, known for his collaboration with Walter Baldwin Spencer on the Indigenous Australians in Central Australia (b. 1855)

June 6, 1912 (Thursday)

  • The Mount Katmai volcano erupted in Alaska, dumping a foot of ashes at Kodiak and on other villages on Woody Island villages, killing hundreds of people. The 200 inhabitants of villages on the mainland near Shelikof Strait were gone when the tug Redondas arrived. The villages of Kanatuk, Savinodsky, Douglas, Cold Bay, Kamgamute and Katmai were empty.[27] The revenue cutter Manning rescued 500 survivors left homeless by the volcano.[28] Katmai was "one of the largest eruptions of the century" and produced 35 cubic kilometers of pumice, burying the Ukak River valley to a depth of 200 meters within sixty hours; steam and gas persisted for decades in the "Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes".[29] The explosion of Katmai was heard in Juneau, Alaska, 750 miles away, and spread an ash cloud of 100,000 square miles, with traces of dust were found as far east as Algeria.[30] Eruptions would last until July 8.[31]
  • The tanker SS Ottawa recovered the body of steward William Thomas Kerley, who died in the sinking of the Titanic. After identification, his body was buried at sea.[32]
  • Born: Maria Montez, Dominican-American actress, known for her lead roles in Arabian Nights and Cobra Woman, in Barahona, Dominican Republic (d. 1951)

June 7, 1912 (Friday)

Latham
  • Gyula Kovács, a legislator in the Hungarian House of Deputies, fired three gunshots at Prime Minister István Tisza on the floor of Parliament, missed, and then shot himself. Tisza had just rid the chamber of opposition deputies and remarked, "Now that the House is cleared... we will proceed to work." Kovacs shouted out, "There is still a member of the Opposition in the House," while firing his gun before turning it on himself.[33]
  • A 7.0 magnitude earthquake shook Alaska at 9:26 pm, as eruptions of Mount Katmai continued.[31]
  • Thirty soldiers and workmen were killed and 100 injured in an explosion of gunpowder at the Wöllersdorf ammunition factory near Wiener Neustadt, Austria-Hungary.[34]
  • French aviation pioneer Hubert Latham, 29, was fatally injured by a water buffalo while hunting in Africa. Latham had been with natives deep into the French Sudan, near the Bahr as Salamat and Lake Chad on the Chari River, when he shot the buffalo. The wounded animal then charged Latham, goring him and then trampling him. News did not reach the French Equatorial Africa Governor-General, Martial Henri Merlin, until six weeks later.[35]

June 8, 1912 (Saturday)

June 9, 1912 (Sunday)

June 10, 1912 (Monday)

June 11, 1912 (Tuesday)

June 12, 1912 (Wednesday)

June 13, 1912 (Thursday)

June 14, 1912 (Friday)

June 15, 1912 (Saturday)

June 16, 1912 (Sunday)

June 17, 1912 (Monday)

  • The Republic of China's first Prime Minister Tang Shaoyi, announced that he would resign.[71]
  • U.S. President William Howard Taft vetoed the Army appropriation bill that had been passed by Congress with cuts of defense spending. "The army of the United States is far too vital an institution to the people of this country to be made the victim of hasty or imperfect theories of legislation." It was reported that Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson had threatened to resign if the bill was not vetoed.[72]
  • The Supreme Court of Canada held that the Parliament of Canada could not pass a national law governing marriage, and that mixed marriages solemnized by a Protestant clergyman could not be outlawed.[19]
  • More than 60 people were killed in Guanajuato, Mexico after floodwaters swept through the town.[73]
  • Julia Clark, the second American woman to receive a pilot's license, was killed in a plane crash at an airshow in Springfield, Illinois. Crashing into a tall tree while flying in a fog, she was the third woman to die in a plane crash, after Mme. Deniz Moore in July, and Suzanne Bernard on March 11, both at Étampes, France.[74]
  • The largest payoff in American horse racing history, according to the American Racing Manual, took place when "Wishing Ring", at 941-1 odds, won a race at the Latonia Race Track near Florence, Kentucky. A $2 bet would have returned $1,885.50 to the bettor.[75]

June 18, 1912 (Tuesday)

  • The Republican National Convention opened in Chicago, with incumbent U.S. President William Howard Taft having 454 12 delegates, former U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt 469 12, and 239 claimed by both sides. With a simple majority (513 of 1026) required to win the nomination, the awarding of the contested delegates was critical to the nomination. The Republican National Committee, controlled by Taft's supporters, would resolve 6 in favor of Roosevelt, and the other 233 in favor of Taft.[76]
  • The French dirigible Conte and its crew of six ascended to a record height of 9,922 feet. The previous record had been 7,053 feet on December 7, 1911.[77]
  • An explosion at the Victor-American Fuel Company mine at Hastings, Colorado, killed twelve coal miners.[78]
  • Died: A. W. Verrall, 61, British academic, noted for his unorthodox interpretations of the classics at Trinity College, Cambridge (b. 1851)

June 19, 1912 (Wednesday)

  • Lazar Tomanović resigned as Prime Minister of Montenegro, along with his entire cabinet. A new ministry was later formed by General Mitar Martinović.[19]
  • U.S. President William Howard Taft signed into law a provision that workers on U.S. government contracts would be limited to an eight-hour day.[19]
  • Near Douai, France, Captain Marcel Dubois and Lt. Albert Peignan, each piloting a different vehicle, were killed the first fatal mid-air collision between two airplanes, and only the second mid-air airplane collision in history. The first, on September 27, 1911, between Eugene Ely and Harry Atwood, did not seriously injure either pilot.[79]
  • Tennessee State University began its first classes, as the State Agricultural and Industrial Normal School, with 147 African-American students in its first summer class. A century later, TSU has 10,000 students on its Nashville campus.[80]
  • William D. Coolidge of General Electric laboratories applied for a patent for his process of treating brittle tungsten with heat in order to fashion it into fine wire. U.S. Patent 1,082,933 would be granted in 1913.[81]
  • A new training school for military fliers was established at Upavon, England.[82]

June 20, 1912 (Thursday)

June 21, 1912 (Friday)

June 22, 1912 (Saturday)

  • At the Republican Convention, U.S. President William Howard Taft was nominated for a second term by a vote of 561 to 107, after 344 of the delegates refused, out of protest, to participate. The aggrieved delegates were, primarily, supporters of former U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt, in a convention where the National Committee had resolved most delegate challenges in favor of Taft. Robert M. La Follette got 41 and Albert B. Cummins 17.[86] Roosevelt left the convention and proposed to form a new Progressive Party. The nominating speech for the Ohio native had been made by Ohio U.S. Senator (and future U.S. President) Warren G. Harding.[87]
  • Mrs. John Dunville won the Royal Aero Club balloon race.[19]

June 23, 1912 (Sunday)

June 24, 1912 (Monday)

June 25, 1912 (Tuesday)

June 26, 1912 (Wednesday)

June 27, 1912 (Thursday)

June 28, 1912 (Friday)

  • On the first ballot at the Democratic Party convention, former House Speaker Champ Clark received 440 12 votes, New Jersey Governor Woodrow Wilson 324, Judson Harmon 148, Oscar Underwood 117 12 and Thomas R. Marshall 31. Thirteen more ballots were taken without any candidate receiving the 2/3rds majority of delegates.[19]
  • The resignation of Premier Tang Shaoyi was accepted by President Yuan Shikai.[104]
  • The "Korean Conspiracy Trial" began for 123 defendants, mostly Christians, accused of inciting rebellion against the Japanese colonial government. On September 28, 106 would be convicted of treason and sentenced to terms of five years or more, although worldwide criticism of the unfairness of the trial would lead to the release of most of them the following year.[105]
  • Born: Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker, German physicist, member of the Werner Heisenberg nuclear physics research team during World War II, in Kiel, Germany (d. 2007)

June 29, 1912 (Saturday)

June 30, 1912 (Sunday)

References

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  2. "Blast Kills 18 Men", Milwaukee Journal, June 2, 1912, p. 1
  3. "Aviator Parmalee Plunges to Death", New York Times, June 2, 1912
  4. Vera Henriksen. "Hans Dons". Norsk biografisk leksikon. Retrieved February 1, 2018.
  5. 1912 Summer Olympics official report. pp. 168–211.
  6. "First Service Station in America", TouringOhio.com
  7. Jack Sim, Ultimate Gas Pump Id and Pocket Guide Identification (F+W Media, 2011)
  8. Clarke, Bradley H.; Cummings, O. R. (1997). Tremont Street Subway: A Century of Public Service. Boston Street Railway Association. pp. 39–49. ISBN 0938315048.
  9. "Viaduct Cars All Running: East Cambridge Folk Much Pleased. Seven Minutes Saved and End Put to Vexatious Delays. Few Paid Fares to Say They Were on First Cars". Boston Daily Globe. 1 June 1912. ProQuest 502054556.
  10. Richard Abel, Encyclopedia of Early Cinema (Taylor & Francis, 2005) p. 327
  11. "Wave of Revolt Over Belgium", New York Times, June 5, 1912
  12. Morton Grosser, Gossamer Odyssey: The Triumph of Human-Powered Flight (Zenith Imprint, 2004) p. 6
  13. "South Shore Railroad history". Chicago Post-Tribune. June 29, 2008. Retrieved June 30, 2008.
  14. "German Naval Visitors Welcomed By the President", New York Times, June 4, 1912
  15. "Big Fire in Constantinople", New York Times, June 4, 1912
  16. The Minimum Wage: A Failing Experiment (Executive Committee of Merchants and Manufacturers of Massachusetts, 1916) p. 12
  17. "100 Years Ago Today, Massachusetts Passed The Nation’s First Minimum Wage Law", ThinkProgress.org
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  21. "Warships to Cuba after Marines Land", New York Times, June 6, 1912; "Fleet to Cuba; Marines Landed", Milwaukee Journal, June 5, 1912, p. 1
  22. Robert T. Davis, United States Foreign Policy and National Security (ABC-CLIO, 2010) p. 32
  23. "75 Deputies Ejected", New York Times, June 5, 1912
  24. András Gerő, Modern Hungarian Society in the Making: The Unfinished Experience (Central European University Press, 1995) p. 166
  25. John Mason Hart, Revolutionary Mexico: The Coming and Process of the Mexican Revolution (University of California Press, 1987) p. 246
  26. Takasuna, Miki. "Tsuruko Haraguchi (1886 - 1915)". American Psychological Association. Retrieved 2019-12-11.
  27. "Two Villages Buried", Milwaukee Journal, June 11, 1912, p. 1; "Fear 200 Are Killed", Milwaukee Journal, June 12, 1912, p. 1; "No Life Near Volcano", New York Times, June 17, 1912
  28. "Cutter Saved 500 in Volcano Zone", New York Times, June 12, 1912
  29. Alwyn Scarth, Volcanoes: An Introduction (Taylor & Francis, 1994) pp. 59-60
  30. James K. Mitchell, Jr., ed., The Long Road to Recovery: Community Responses to Industrial Disaster (United Nations University Press, 1996) p. 240
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  32. Ottawa - (1900-1921)
  33. "Tries to Kill Head of Hungarian Diet", New York Times, June 8, 1912
  34. "Thirty Lives Lost in 200-Ton Blast", Milwaukee Journal, June 7, 1912, p. 2
  35. "Aviator Latham Slain by Buffalo", New York Times, July 17, 1912
  36. Jaques, Tony (2007). Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: P-Z. United States of America.
  37. "Battleship Sinks Submarine; 23 Die", New York Times, June 9, 1912
  38. The First Aerial Derby. Flight: 15 June 1912, p. 551.
  39. "Shot at Croatian Governor", June 9, 1912
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  45. "Columbus Eulogized at Statue Unveiling", New York Times, June 9, 1912
  46. "About The Baltimore County union. (Towsontown, Md.) 1865–1909". Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Library of Congress. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  47. Terence Emmons, Wayne S. Vucinich, The Zemstvo in Russia: An Experiment in Local Self-Government (Cambridge University Press, 2011) p. 34
  48. "Paris Hard Court Meeting, June 1, etc". Lawn Tennis and Badminton. V (20): 375. 20 June 1912.
  49. "Varia". Lawn Tennis and Badminton. V (19): 343, 344. 13 June 1912.
  50. "Station Name: Sculcoates". Disused Stations. Subterranea Britannica. 20 April 2010. Retrieved 25 November 2011.
  51. "Villisca Ax Murder House"; "Blood Starts Hounds' Dash After Fiend Who Axed 8", Milwaukee Journal, June 11, 1912, p. 1
  52. "Czar Frees Miss Malecka", New York Times, June 10, 1912
  53. Massimo L. Salvadori, Enciclopedia storica, Zanichelli, Bologna 2000
  54. "Havana Reassured as Warships Arrive", New York Times, June 11, 1912
  55. Layman, R.D., Before the Aircraft Carrier: The Development of Aviation Vessels 1849–1922, Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1989, ISBN 0-87021-210-9, p. 13
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  58. "Congressman Killed by Train on Bridge", Milwaukee Journal, June 11, 1912, p. 1
  59. "Roosevelt a Suffragist", New York Times, June 13, 1912
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  61. "Big Sisters", in Encyclopedia Americana (1918)
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  66. "Called Quack, Gets $10,000", New York Times, June 16, 1912; "The Cancer Libel Suit", New York Times, June 16, 1912
  67. "Claims He Has Drops Which Kill All Pain", Milwaukee Journal, June 15, 1912, p. 2; British Journal of Nursing
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  69. "Many Killed in Wake of Missouri Storm", Milwaukee Journal, June 17, 1912, p. 2
  70. "20 Dead in Swedish Wreck", New York Times, June 17, 1912
  71. "Premier Tang to Retire", New York Times, June 18, 1912
  72. "Vetoes Army Bill as Hasty Measure", New York Times, June 18, 1912; "Stimson Forced Army Veto", New York Times, June 19, 1912
  73. "Sixty Die in Flood", Milwaukee Journal, June 18, 1912, p. 2
  74. "Woman Aviator Killed", New York Times, June 18, 1912; "Bird Woman Is Killed", Milwaukee Journal, June 18, 1912, p. 2
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  78. "Explosion Kills 12 Miners", New York Times, June 19, 1912
  79. "Biplanes Crash; 2 Killed", New York Times, June 20, 1912
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  87. "Harding Nominates Taft", New York Times, June 23, 1912; "TAFT AND SHERMAN ARE AGAIN CHOSEN THE REPUBLICAN PARTY LEADERS —Roosevelt Forces Quit in the Face of Defeat", Milwaukee Journal, June 23, 1912, p. 1
  88. "250 In River As Pier Falls", New York Times, June 24, 1912, p1; "Rotten Dock Is Fatal to Thirty", Milwaukee Journal, June 24, 1912, p. 2; "Niagara Pier Victims Number 39", New York Times, June 26, 1912
  89. Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p1678 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
  90. Marc Leepson, Flag: An American Biography (Macmillan, 2006); Image of Whipple Flag
  91. "Gompers Convicted; Sentenced to Jail", New York Times, June 25, 1912, p. 13
  92. Ilbert, Sir Courtenay Peregrine. The Government of India, Third Edition, revised and updated. Clarendon Press, 1922. pp. 119-122
  93. "Great, Happy Crowd Swamps Baltimore", New York Times, June 25, 1912, p. 4
  94. Melvyn Dubofsky (1968). When Workers Organize: New York City in the Progressive Era. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press. pp. 120–5. ISBN 0-87023-042-5. New York City waiters strike.
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  96. Julian P. Hume and Michael Walters, Extinct Birds (A&C Black, 2012) p. 347
  97. "Open Championship - new winner at last". Glasgow Herald. 26 June 1912. p. 11.
  98. "English golf title to Ray". Chicago Daily Tribune. 26 June 1912. p. 14.
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  100. Michael Steinberg, Symphony: A Listener's Guide (Oxford University Press, 1998) p. 349
  101. "Cuban Rebel Chief Slain in Skirmish", New York Times, June 29, 1912, p. 5
  102. Jay B. Haviser and Kevin C. MacDonald, African Re-Genesis: Confronting Social Issues in the Diaspora (Left Coast Press, 2008) p. 116
  103. Christopher Chant, Austro-Hungarian Aces of World War I (Osprey Publishing, 2002) p. 39
  104. "Chinese Premier Is Out", New York Times, June 28, 1912
  105. Henry Chung, The Case of Korea: A Collection of Evidence on the Japanese Domination of Korea, and on the Development of the Korean Independence Movement (Fleming H. Revell Co., 1921) p. 161
  106. "Break to Clark on Tenth Ballot; New York Gives Speaker 90 Votes", New York Times, June 30, 1912, p. 1
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  108. "Governor Wilson Passes Clark As More States Switch at Baltimore", Milwaukee Journal, July 1, 1912, p. 1
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