Prenalterol

Prenalterol is a cardiac stimulant which acts as a β1 adrenoreceptor agonist.[1]

Prenalterol
Clinical data
Routes of
administration		Oral, IV
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
ChemSpider
UNII
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.055.246
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC12H19NO3
Molar mass225.288 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
 NY (what is this?)  (verify)

Synthesis

Stereospecific

Prenalterol exhibits adrenergic agonist activity in spite of an interposed oxymethylene group. The stereospecific synthesis devised for this molecule relies on the fact that the side chain is very similar in oxidation state to that of a sugar.

Prenalterol synthesis:[2][3]

Condensation of monobenzone (2) with the epoxide derived from α-D-glucofuranose[4] affords the glycosylated derivative (3). Hydrolytic removal of the acetonide protecting groups[5] followed by cleavage of the sugar with periodate gives aldehyde (4). This is reduced to the glycol by means of NaBH4 and the terminal alcohol is converted to the mesylate (5). Displacement of the leaving group with isopropylamine followed by hydrogenolytic removal of the O-benzyl ether affords the β1-adrenergic selective adrenergic agonist prenalterol (6).

Racemic

Prepns of the racemic mixture: NL 6409883 corresp to H. Köppe et al., U.S. Patent 3,637,852 (1965, 1972 both to Boehringer Ingelheim); NL 301580 corresp to A. F. Crowther, L. H. Smith, U.S. Patent 3,501,769 (1965, 1970 both to ICI);[6]

Further reading
  • Acta Medica Scandinavica. 211. 1982. doi:10.1111/joim.1982.211.issue-s659. Missing or empty |title= (help)

See also

References
  1. Hadfield SE, Slee SJ, Snow HM (1989). "The cardiovascular pharmacology of xamoterol, cicloprolol, prenalterol and pindolol in the anaesthetised dog". Br J Clin Pharmacol. 28 Suppl 1 (Suppl 1): 78S–81S. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1989.tb03580.x. PMC 1379883. PMID 2572262.
  2. K. A. Jaeggi, H. Schroeter, and F. Ostermayer, DE 2503968; Chem. Abstr. 84, 5322 (1976).
  3. corresp to U.S. Patent 3,978,041 and U.S. Patent 4,049,797 (1975, 1976, 1977, all to Ciba-Geigy).
  4. http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.9312824.html
  5. Liu, Z; Hu, B. H.; Messersmith, P. B. (2010). "Acetonide Protection of Dopamine for the Synthesis of Highly Pure N-docosahexaenoyldopamine". Tetrahedron Letters. 51 (18): 2403–2405. doi:10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.02.089. PMC 2882309. PMID 20543896.
  6. Crowther, Albert F.; Gilman, D. J.; McLoughlin, B. J.; Smith, Leslie Harold; Turner, R. W.; Wood, T. M. (1969). ".beta.-Adrenergic blocking agents. V. 1-Amino-3-(substituted phenoxy)-2-propanols". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 12 (4): 638–42. doi:10.1021/jm00304a018. PMID 5793156.


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