U.S. Route 21

U.S. Route 21 or U.S. Highway 21 (US 21) is a north–south United States Numbered Highway in the Southeastern United States that travels 394 miles (634 km). The southern terminus is in Hunting Island State Park, South Carolina, 14.4 miles (23.2 km) of US 21 Business and South Carolina Highway 802 (SC 802) in Beaufort. The northern terminus is in Wytheville, Virginia at an interchange with Interstate 81 (I-81) and US 52. It travels through the states of South Carolina, North Carolina, and Virginia. It also connects through major Southeastern cities such as Columbia, South Carolina and Charlotte, North Carolina. The northern portion of the road travels parallel to I-77 in northern South Carolina and North Carolina. The road also has three interchanges with I-26 in Lexington and Calhoun counties in South Carolina.

U.S. Route 21
Route information
Length394 mi (634 km)
Existed1926–present
Tourist
routes
  • McTeer Bridge Scenic Byway
  • US 21 Scenic Byway
Major junctions
South endHunting Island State Park, SC
 
North end I-81 / US 52 in Wytheville, VA
Location
StatesSouth Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia
CountiesSC: Beaufort, Hampton, Colleton, Bamberg, Orangeburg, Calhoun, Lexington, Richland, Fairfield, Chester, York
NC: Mecklenburg, Iredell, Yadkin, Surry, Wilkes, Alleghany
VA: Grayson, Wythe
Highway system



SC 20SC SC 22
NC 20NC NC 22
SR 20VA SR 22

Route description

South Carolina

US 21 travels 233.2 miles (375.3 km) through the state. Beginning at Hunting Island State Park, US 21 travels west toward Beaufort, where it widens to four lanes. The route bypasses Beaufort to the south, going through Port Royal, Shell Point, and Burton. In the Beaufort area, US 21 passes by the entrances to Parris Island and MCAS Beaufort, the major Marine Corps installations in the area. North of Beaufort, US 21 continues as a four-lane divided highway and intersects with US 17. The route travels in a wrong-way concurrency with US 17 south for seven miles (11 km) before turning north towards Yemassee, South Carolina, where it becomes a rural two-lane road and intersects with US 17 Alternate. North of Yemassee, US 21 splits off and crosses Interstate 95 (I-95) at exit 42.

The two-lane route continues through rural portions of the state. US 21 goes through Smoaks and Branchville, South Carolina and bypasses Orangeburg. North of Orangeburg, US 21 runs roughly parallel to I-26 until Gaston where it conjoins US 321 and becomes an urban highway. US 21 passes through Cayce, West Columbia, and Columbia.

North of Columbia, US 21 splits from US 321, reverting to a rural two-lane road parallel to I-77. In York County, US 21 enters urban areas again, connecting Rock Hill and Fort Mill. Near the North Carolina state line, US 21 merges with I-77 near Carowinds, then enters North Carolina.

North Carolina

US 21 begins as a concurrency with I-77 in Charlotte, which it repeats three times within the state. Its first break with I-77 is along Statesville Avenue, then proceeding through Huntersville and Cornelius, however, because of its close proximity to I-77 and North Carolina Highway 115 (NC 115), it has no interchange with I-485. The second break with I-77 occurs at Mooresville, where US 21 travels through the city and then northwest into Statesville. After Statesville, US 21 travels northeast to Harmony and Brooks Crossroads, before merging back with I-77 near Jonesville. North of Elkin, US 21 splits with I-77 for the last time and goes north to Sparta, passing the Blue Ridge Parkway after a major, curvy section. North of Sparta, at Twin Oaks, US 221 overlaps with US 21 before entering Virginia. US 21 travels 124.5 miles (200.4 km) through the western Piedmont of North Carolina, either combined with I-77 or as a two-lane rural road; from the South Carolina state line to Elkin, travelers can easily skip a majority of US 21 via I-77.

Virginia

View south along US 21 at SR 805 in Grayson County, Virginia

After a few miles crossing the state line, US 21 reaches the town of Independence, where it splits with US 221 and continues north. The route goes through the Mount Rogers National Recreation Area before entering the city of Wytheville. After a short concurrency with US 11 in downtown Wytheville, it goes north and ends at the intersection of I-81/US 52. US 21 travels 35 miles (56 km) through western Virginia, mostly as a two-lane rural mountain road.

History

Southern terminus of US 21 at Hunting Island, South Carolina

US 21 in the pre-Interstate era was a north–south highway connecting the area around Lake Erie and the coastal South. One of the few true north–south routes to cross the middle Appalachian Mountains, it became an important corridor for motor traffic between northeastern Ohio, western Pennsylvania, (with US 19) and western New York state with central North Carolina, central and southeastern South Carolina, and (by connecting with other highways) coastal Georgia and most of Florida.

US 21 originally (in 1926) connected Cleveland, Ohio, and Yemassee, South Carolina. In 1935 it was extended to Beaufort, South Carolina, and again in 1953 to its current southern terminus at the Atlantic Coast at Hunting Island State Park, between the city of Beaufort and Fripp Island.[1]

In the Interstate Highway era much of US 21 became an obvious corridor for a long-distance expressway. The West Virginia Turnpike between Charleston, West Virginia, and Princeton, West Virginia, was the first segment of a planned series of toll highways along or near US 21 from Cleveland to Charlotte, North Carolina. All of the other toll highways were shelved in favor of freeways built with Interstate funding; these freeways and the West Virginia Turnpike became I-77, which completely supplanted old US 21 as a long-distance through route. I-77 was later extended to Columbia, South Carolina, also within a few miles of US 21.

Between Cleveland and Charleston, all but a relatively short segment of US 21 was completely deleted in favor of I-77, the relics being State Route 21 (SR 21), SR 821 between Byesville and Marietta, Ohio, and Guernsey County Road 35 and Tuscarawas County Road 3 (Salt Fork Road), named Old Twenty-One Road and closely follows the route of US 21 from Byesville, Ohio to the village of Newcomerstown, Ohio. County Road 35 briefly becomes a variety of street names as it passes through Cambridge, such as Byesville Road, North Avenue, 11th Street, and Clark Street, before reverting to Old Twenty-One Road on the north side of Cambridge. From there, much of the old US 21 is still intact, however, some sections were demolished and redirected in favor of I-77. Once crossing the Guernsey/Tuscarawas county line, it becomes Salt Fork Road for about a mile, before joining Ohio State Route 258, which takes it the rest of the way to Newcomerstown. In total, the entire section of Old Twenty-One Road between North Cambridge and Newcomerstown is a total of 22.5 miles. The section of US 21 between Mineral Wells and Charleston is now signed as County Route 21 in all four counties along the route (Wood, Wirt, Jackson, and Kanawha).

Between Charleston and its current northern terminus at Wytheville, Virginia, almost all of US 21 coincided with either US 60, US 19, or US 52, which remained as US 21 was deleted. The short segment of US 21 in southern West Virginia not coinciding with another U.S. Highway became an extension of West Virginia Route 16.

In North Carolina, US 21 originally entered the state along today's NC 51 into Pineville, then followed Old Pineville Road into Charlotte. In the mid-1930s, US 21 moved over to South Boulevard from Old Pineville Road. In 1969, US 21 was rerouted following today's I-77 alignment, the old route was replaced by an extension of US 521. From 1975–87, US 21 moved north in segments onto I-77 to its current alignment ending at exit 16A (Sunset Road). Further north, US 21 originally followed Old Statesville Road, replaced in 1956 by NC 115. In 1966, US 21 was bypassed around Jonesville and Elkin, replaced with US 21 Business.[2]

Major intersections

StateCountyLocationmi[3][4][5]kmExitDestinationsNotes
South CarolinaBeaufort0.00.0Hunting Island State ParkSouthern terminus; US 21 begins at intersection of walking trail, road continues south to Fripp Island.
Beaufort14.423.2
US 21 Bus. north / SC 802 east
Southern terminus of US 21 Bus.; western terminus of SC 802; US 21 turns left.
17.327.8 SC 281 north (Ribaut Road north) / Waddell Road westSouthern terminus of SC 281; eastern terminus of Waddell Road; US 21 turns left off of Ladys Island Drive (which ends here) and onto Ribaut Road.
Port Royal21.033.8 SC 128 west (Savannah Highway) Bluffton, Hardeeville, Hilton Head IslandEastern terminus of SC 128
Beaufort24.138.8 SC 170 (Robert Smalls Parkway) Beaufort
Burton25.340.7
US 21 Bus. south Beaufort
Northern terminus of US 21 Bus.; US 21 turns left.
BurtonBeaufort line26.743.0 SC 116 west Laurel BayEastern terminus of SC 116
Gardens Corner37.360.0 US 17 north (Charleston Highway) CharlestonSouthern end of US 17 concurrency
Pocotaligo43.970.7
US 17 south / US 17 Alt. begins to I-95 Ridgeland, Savannah
Northern end of US 17 concurrency; southern end of US 17 Alt. concurrency; southern terminus of US 17 Alt.; US 21 turns right.
HamptonYemassee3.86.1 SC 68 west (Connely Street) / Flowers Street south (US 17 Conn. south) to I-95 Hampton, AllendaleEastern terminus of SC 68; northern terminus of US 17 Conn.
Colleton51.382.6
US 17 Alt. north (Hendersonville Highway) Walterboro
Northern end of US 17 Alt. concurrency
54.086.9 I-95 Florence, SavannahI-95 exit 42
63.9102.8 SC 63 (Sniders Highway) Varnville, Walterboro
70.3113.1 SC 64 (Bells Highway) Ehrhardt, Walterboro
Smoaks79.0127.1 SC 217 (Lodge Highway) Lodge
Bamberg85.0136.8 SC 61 (Edisto River Road) Bamberg
OrangeburgBranchville90.7146.0 US 78 west (Edward Street) BambergSouthern end of US 78 concurrency
90.9146.3 US 78 east (Dorange Road) CharlestonNorthern end of US 78 concurrency
91.3146.9 SC 210 north BowmanSouthern terminus of SC 210
Orangeburg106.3171.1
US 21 Bus. north (Rowesville Road) / US 601 Truck north (Stonewall Jackson Boulevard / SC 4 west)
Southern end of US 601 Truck concurrency; southern terminus of US 21 Bus.; eastern terminus of SC 4; US 21 turns right.
106.4171.2
US 178 east / US 178 Bus. west (Charleston Highway) Bowman, Charleston
Southern end of US 178 concurrency; eastern terminus of US 178 Bus.
107.7173.3 US 301 (Five Chop Road) Santee, Bamberg
108.8175.1 SC 33 (Russel Street) Cameron
109.6176.4 US 601 (Magnolia Street) St. Matthews, BambergNorthern end of US 601 Truck concurrency; northern terminus of US 601 Truck
110.8178.3 US 178 west (Chestnut Street) / Columbia Road south (US 21 Conn. south) NorthNorthern end of US 178 concurrency; northern terminus of US 21 Conn.; US 21 turns right off of Chestnut Street and onto Columbia Road.
Calhoun122.5197.1 SC 6 east (Caw Caw Highway) / SC 172 west (Bull Swamp Road) St. Matthews, NorthSouthern end of SC 6 concurrency (southbound only)
SC 6 eastSouthern end of SC 6 concurrency (northbound only)
124.4200.2 SC 6 north (Center Hill Road) SwanseaNorthern end of SC 6 concurrency
Lexington129.5208.4 I-26 Columbia, CharlestonI-26 exit 129
Calhoun132.2212.8 US 176 east (Old State Road) St. MatthewsSouthern end of US 176 concurrency
Lexington139.3224.2 I-26 Columbia, CharlestonI-26 exit 119
141.0226.9 US 321 south Gaston, SwanseaSouthern end of US 321 concurrency
Cayce143.5230.9 To I-77 (Fish Hatchery Road) CharlotteI-77 exit 1
143.9231.6 I-26 Charleston, SpartanburgI-26 exit 115
145.1233.5 SC 2 north (Frink Road)Southern terminus of SC 2
West Columbia146.6235.9 SC 302 south (Airport Boulevard) Aiken, Columbia AirportNorthern terminus of SC 302
148.3238.7 SC 2 (State Street)
RichlandColumbia
SC 48 Truck east (Blossom Street / US 21 Conn. east / US 76 Conn. east) to US 76 east / US 378 east
Western terminus of US 21 Conn., US 76 Conn., and SC 48 Truck; US 21, US 176, and US 321 turn left off of Blossom Street and onto Huger Street.
149.8241.1 US 1 / US 378 (Gervais Street) South Carolina State Museum, Confederate Relic Room, EdVenture, Columbia SC Visitors Center, Convention Center, Colonial Life Arena
150.2241.7 SC 12 east (Hampton Street) Fort Jackson, Memorial ParkEastbound lanes of SC 12 on one-way road
SC 12 west (Taylor Street) West Columbia, LexingtonWestbound lanes of SC 12 on one-way road
150.7242.5 I-126 west / US 76 west Greenville, Spartanburg, Riverbanks ZooSouthern end of US 76 concurrency; eastern terminus of I-126; Rep. T. Moffatt Burriss Sr. Interchange; US 21, US 176, and US 321 curve right off of Huger Street and onto Elmwood Avenue.
SC 48 east (Assembly Street) Columbia Museum of ArtWestern terminus of SC 48
151.7244.1 US 76 east (Elmwood Avenue)Northern end of US 76 concurrency; US 21, US 176, and US 321 turn left off of Elmwood Avenue and onto Main Street.
151.9244.5 US 176 west (River Drive)Northern end of US 176 concurrency
152.6245.6 SC 16 (Sunset Drive)
153.1246.4 SC 215 north (Monticello Road)Southern terminus of SC 215
154.1248.0 US 321 north (Fairfield Street) WinnsboroNorthern end of US 321 concurrency
156.6252.0 I-20 Florence, AugustaI-20 exit 71
Blythewood164.1264.1 I-77 Columbia, CharlotteI-77 exit 24
165.3266.0 SC 555 (Farrow Road) Columbia
FairfieldColeman Highway west (US 21 Conn. north) WinnsboroSouthern terminus of US 21 Conn.; eastern terminus of Coleman Highway
Ridgeway173.8279.7 SC 34 east (Palmer Street) Lugoff, CamdenSouthern end of SC 34 concurrency
174.1280.2 SC 34 west (Church Street) Winnsboro MillsNorthern end of SC 34 concurrency
190.7306.9 SC 200 WinnsboroSouthern end of SC 200 concurrency
ChesterGreat Falls193.7311.7 SC 99 north (Chester Avenue) RichburgSouthern terminus of SC 99
194.8313.5 SC 97 north ChesterSouthern end of SC 97 concurrency
195.0313.8 SC 97 south / SC 200 north LancasterNorthern end of SC 97 and SC 200 concurrencies
Fort Lawn202.6326.1 SC 9 (Chester Avenue) Richburg, Lancaster
207.9334.6 SC 223 (Wylies Mill Road) Richburg
YorkLesslie215.2346.3 SC 5 south LexingtonSouthern end of SC 5 concurrency; to Andrew Jackson State Park
Rock Hill218.9352.3Springfield Road LesslieInterchange
219.7353.6 I-77 Columbia, CharlotteI-77 exit 77
220.2354.4 SC 5 north (Main Street)Northern end of SC 5 concurrency
220.5354.9 SC 121 south (Cowan Road)Southern end of SC 121 concurrency
221.7356.8 SC 122 (Dave Lyle Boulevard)
224.0360.5 SC 322 west (Cherry Road)Northern end of SC 121 concurrency; northern terminus of SC 121; eastern terminus of SC 322
224.5361.3 I-77 / SC 161 west (Celanese Road) Columbia, CharlotteEastern terminus of SC 161; I-77 exit 82
Fort Mill226.0363.7
US 21 Bus. north (Spratt Street) / Sutton Road
Southern terminus of US 21 Bus.
228.0366.9 SC 160 Tega Cay
230.8371.4 SC 460 (Springfield Parkway) Tega Cay, Fort Mill
232.0373.4
US 21 Bus. south (Old Nation Road)
Northern terminus of US 21 Bus.
232.7374.5 SC 51 north (Pineville–Rock Hill Road) PinevilleSouthern terminus of northern segment of SC 51
233.3375.5 I-77 south / Carowinds Boulevard ColumbiaSouthern end of I-77 concurrency; I-77 exit 90; to Carowinds
 234.1
0.0
376.7
0.0
South CarolinaNorth Carolina state line
North CarolinaMecklenburgCharlotte0.91.41AWestinghouse Boulevard
1.82.91B I-485 Huntersville, PinevilleI-485 exit 67
2.84.53Arrowood Road
3.76.04Nations Ford Road
4.87.75Tyvola Road
6.09.76AWoodlawn Road south Queens UniversityTo Pfeiffer University
6.210.06B NC 49 (South Tryon Street) / Billy Graham ParkwayTo Billy Graham Library and Charlotte Douglas International Airport
7.311.77 To NC 49 / Clanton Road
8.313.48 To NC 160 / Remount RoadNorthbound exit and southbound entrance
9.014.59A NC 160 (West Boulevard)Southbound exit and northbound entrance
9.415.19B I-277 north / US 74 east (John Belk Freeway)I-277 exits 1B-C
9.515.39C US 74 west (Wilkinson Boulevard) to US 29 / NC 27
9.915.910A US 29 / NC 27 (Morehead Street)Northbound exit is via exit 9C.
10.416.710Trade Street / Fifth StreetSigned as exits 10B (Trade Street east) and 10C (Trade Street west, Fifth Street) southbound
11.017.711A I-277 south / NC 16 south (Brookshire Freeway east) Downtown Charlotte
11.218.011B NC 16 north (Brookshire Freeway west)Northbound left exit
12.420.012Lasalle Street / Atando Avenue
13.321.413 I-85 Greensboro, SpartanburgSigned as exits 13A (north) and 13B (south); hybrid interchange
15.825.416 I-77 north StatesvilleNorthern end of I-77 concurrency
16.326.2 NC 115 north (Old Statesville Road)Southern terminus of NC 115
18.930.4 NC 24 (W.T. Harris Boulevard)To Northlake Mall
Huntersville25.741.4 NC 73 (Sam Fur Road) Concord
Cornelius28.846.328 I-77 south CharlotteSouthern end of I-77 concurrency
Davidson30.248.630Davidson, Davidson College
IredellMooresville32.151.731Langtree Road
33.754.233 I-77 north StatesvilleNorthern end of I-77 concurrency
36.458.6 NC 150 (Plaza Drive)
39.162.9 NC 115 south (Statesville Highway)Southern end of NC 115 concurrency
43.369.7 I-77 Charlotte, Statesville
Statesville51.282.4 US 70 (Garner Bagnal Boulevard) Conover, Salisbury
51.983.5 US 64 west (Front Street) / NC 115 north (Center Street)Northern end of NC 115 concurrency; southern end of US 64 concurrency
52.384.2 NC 90 west (Water Street)Eastern terminus of NC 90
53.285.6 US 64 east (Davie Avenue) MocksvilleNorthern end of US 64 concurrency
54.187.1 I-40 Hickory, Winston-SalemI-40 exit 151
57.292.1 I-77 Statesville, ElkinI-77 exit 54
Harmony66.9107.7 NC 901 (Memorial Highway) Union Grove
YadkinBrooks Crossroads79.2127.5 US 421 Wilkesboro, Yadkinville, Winston-Salem
85.4137.479
I-77 south / US 21 Bus. north Statesville, Jonesville
Southern end of I-77 concurrency; southern terminus of US 21 Bus.
Jonesville88.5142.482 NC 67 Jonesville, Boonville, Elkin
SurryElkin90.3145.383 I-77 north WythevilleNorthern end of I-77 concurrency; southbound exit and northbound entrance
91.3146.9 NC 268 ElkinTo Elkin Municipal Airport
92.8149.3
US 21 Bus. south / Popular Springs Road Elkin
Northbound turn left on Popular Springs Road to US 21 Bus.
Alleghany111.2179.0 Blue Ridge Parkway
Sparta118.2190.2 NC 18 (Whitehead Street) Laurel Springs
Twin Oaks121.1194.9 US 221 south JeffersonSouthern end of US 221 concurrency
 124.3
0.0
200.0
0.0
North Carolina–Virginia state line
VirginiaGraysonIndependence3.96.3 US 58 / US 221 north (Main Street) Mouth of Wilson, GalaxNorthern end of US 221 concurrency
Elk Creek13.221.2 SR 658 (Comers Rock Road) Comers Rock
SR 805 (Spring Valley Road) to SR 94 Fries
WytheSpeedwell21.234.1 SR 619 (Saint Peters Road) / SR 749 (Cedar Springs Road) Cedar Springs, Rural Retreat
SR 690 (Crockett Road) Crockett, Cripple Creek
SR 696 (Barrett Mill Road) Big Survey Wildlife Management Area
WythevilleOld Stage Road
33.553.9 US 11 south (West Lee Highway)Southern end of US 11 concurrency
33.854.4 US 11 north (Main Street) to I-77 / I-81 / US 52Northern end of US 11 concurrency
35.056.3 I-81 / US 52 to I-77 Bristol, RoanokeNorthern terminus; I-81 exit 70
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

Special routes and auxiliary routes

There are currently four active business loops and two known connectors along its route.

  • U.S. Route 21 Business (Beaufort, South Carolina)
  • U.S. Route 21 Business (Orangeburg, South Carolina)
  • U.S. Route 21 Connector (Orangeburg, South Carolina)
  • U.S. Route 21 Connector (Columbia, South Carolina)
  • U.S. Route 21 Business (Fort Mill, South Carolina)
  • U.S. Route 21 Business (Elkin, North Carolina)

Auxiliary routes of U.S. Route 21

See also

References

  1. Sanderson, Dale (July 4, 2009). "End of US Highway 21". US Ends. Self-published. Retrieved February 2, 2011.
  2. Mapmikey; Prince, Adam (August 28, 2009). "US 21". NCRoads.com Annex: More Highways of North Carolina. Self-published. Archived from the original on June 16, 2011. Retrieved February 2, 2011.
  3. Google (February 1, 2011). "Overview map of US 21 in SC" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved February 1, 2011.
  4. Google (February 1, 2011). "Overview map of US 21 in NC" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved February 1, 2011.
  5. Google (February 1, 2011). "Overview maps of US 21 in VA" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved February 1, 2011.

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