Vehicle registration plates of California

The U.S. state of California first required its residents to register their motor vehicles in 1905. Registrants provided their own license plates for display until 1914, when the state began to issue plates.[1] Plates are currently issued by the California Department of Motor Vehicles.

California
Current series
Slogandmv.ca.gov
Size12 in × 6 in
30 cm × 15 cm
Serial format1ABC123
Introduced2011 (2011)
Availability
Issued byCalifornia Department of Motor Vehicles
History
First issuedJanuary 1, 1914 (1914-01-01)
(pre-state plates and seals from 1905 to December 31, 1913)

Front and rear plates are required on most types of vehicle in California, including all passenger vehicles. On motorcycles and some other non-passenger types, only rear plates are required. On all vehicle types, registration validation stickers are also required, to be displayed on the rear plate.[2][3]

Passenger baseplates

Pre-state plates
Image Dates issued Design Serial format Serials issued Notes
1905–13 Black on white; "CAL" at right 123456 1 to 122444 A one-time $2.00 fee is paid to register the vehicle, and the motorist must have a license plate made to hang from the rear of the vehicle (front plate also required starting in 1911). These plates were valid from the date of issuance until no longer needed for that car. The seal (disc) that the motorist received from the state with the registration number, along with the license plate(s), was supposed to remain with the vehicle upon transfer to a new owner, but that did not always happen. These early plates were valid through December 31, 1913.[4][5]

1914 to 1962

In 1956, the United States, Canada, and Mexico came to an agreement with the American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators, the Automobile Manufacturers Association and the National Safety Council that standardized the size for license plates for vehicles (except those for motorcycles) at 6 inches (15 cm) in height by 12 inches (30 cm) in width, with standardized mounting holes.[6] The 1955 (dated 1956) issue was the first California license plate that complied with these standards.

Image Dates issued Design Serial format Serials issued Notes
1914 white on red porcelain 123456 1 to 122375[7] Replaced all 1905–13 plates.
1915 black on yellow porcelain 123456 1 to 163557[8]
1916 blue on white porcelain 123456 1 to 234317[9] Validation tabs:
1916 Bear (Front)
1916 Bear (Rear)
1917 234318[10] to 357299[11] Registered owners of plate numbers 1 to 234317 only received the Poppy tabs to place on their 1916 plates.
Validation tab: Poppy
1918 357300[12] to 485000[13] Registered owners of plate numbers 1 to 357299 only received the Bell tabs to place on their 1916 plates.
Validation tab: Bell
1919 485001[14] to 599705[15] Registered owners of plate numbers 1 to 485000 only received the Star tabs to place on their 1916 plates.
Validation tab: Star
1920 white on black 123-456 1 to 527-583
1921 black on yellow 123-456 1 to 651-640[16]
1922 blue on white 123456 1 to 2000; 70001 to 881909[17] Serials 2001 through 70000 reserved for non-passenger vehicles.
1923 white on black 123 456 1 to ?
1924 white on green 123-456 1 to ?
1925 black on yellow 123 456 1 to 30 00, 250 001 to 999 999 Serials 30 01 through 250 000 reserved for non-passenger vehicles.
A-12 345 A 1 to F-99 999
1926 white on blue 123 456 1 to 40 00, 320 001 to 999 999 Serials 40 01 through 320 000 reserved for non-passenger vehicles.
A-12 345 A-1 to G-99 999
1927 white on maroon 1-234-567 1 to 50-00;
400-001 to approximately 1-860-000		 First use of the full state name. Serials 50-01 through 400-000 reserved for non-passenger vehicles.
1928 yellow on blue 1-234-567 1 to 3-000;
450-001 to approximately 2-080-000[18]		 Serials 3-001 through 450-000 reserved for non-passenger vehicles.
1929 orange on black 1A-12-34 Coded by branch office Letters A through L were used in Northern California, and M through Z in Southern California.[18]
1930 black on orange 1A-12-34 Coded by branch office
1931 orange on black 1A 12 34 Coded by branch office
1932 black on orange 1A 12 34 Coded by branch office
1933 orange on black 1A 12 34 Coded by branch office
1934 black on orange 1A 12 34 Coded by branch office
1935 orange on black 1A 12 34 Coded by branch office
1936 black on orange 1A 12 34
10 A 123		 Coded by branch office
1937 orange on black 1A 12 34
A/A 12 34		 Coded by branch office
1938 black on yellow 1A 12 34
10 A 123		 Coded by branch office
1939 yellow on blue 1A 12 34
10 A 123		 Coded by branch office
1940 black on orange 1A 12 34
10 A 123		 Coded by branch office

1941–44 yellow on black 1A 23 45
12 A 345		 ? to ? Validation tab for 1942:
Validation tab for 1943:
Validation sticker for 1944:
1945–46 white on black 1A 23 45
12 A 345		 ? to ? Only rear plates issued.
Validation tab for 1946:
1947–50 black on yellow 1A 23 456
12A 3 456		 ? to ? Validation tab for 1948:
Validation tab for 1949:
Validation tab for 1950:
1951–55 yellow on black 1A 23 456
12 A 3 456		 ? to ? Validation tab for 1952:
Validation tab for 1953:
Validation tab for 1954:
Validation tab for 1955:
1956–62 black on yellow ABC 123 AAA 000 to approximately YRT 999 Validation sticker for 1957:
Validation sticker for 1958:
Validation sticker for 1959:
Validation sticker for 1960:
Validation sticker for 1961:
Validation sticker for 1962:

1963 to present

All plates from 1963 until present are still valid, provided they are displayed on the vehicle to which they were originally issued and the vehicle has been continuously registered. Along with the pre-1963 plates above, these plates can be used for the year-of-manufacture program, with appropriate year sticker.

The current 1ABC123 serial format was introduced in 1980. In this format, the ABC123 portion of the serial progresses from AAA000 to ZZZ999, before the leading digit advances by one and the progression begins again. All letters are used, although I, O and Q are used only as the second letter.[18] Some series have not been issued, while others have been reserved for non-passenger and optional plates, such as 1ZZA through 1ZZZ and 3ZZA through 3ZZZ for Livery plates, and 1UAA through 1VZZ for Lake Tahoe, Yosemite and Coastal Protection ("Whale Tail") plates.

It is expected that when 9ZZZ999 is reached, the next serial format will be 123ABC1, maintaining the DMV's practice since the 1960s of reversing serial formats at exhaustion.

Image Dates issued Design Slogan Serial format Serials issued Notes
1963–69 gold on black, embossed state name none ABC 123 AAA 000 to ZZZ 999
1969–80 gold on blue, embossed state name none 123 ABC 000 AAA to 999 ZZZ Monthly staggered registration introduced 1976. I, O and Q not used as first letters in the 123 ABC serial format. Narrower serial dies introduced at the beginning of the WLA series in late 1977, in preparation for the 1ABC123 format.[18]
1980–86 1ABC123 1AAA000 to 1SWC999
1982 –late 1987 blue on reflective white with graphic Art Deco state name The Golden State 1ABC123 2AAA000 to 2GPZ999 Extra-cost optional plate until 1987, when it briefly became the standard passenger base after the 1969 blue base was discontinued. Awarded "Plate of the Year" for best new license plate of 1983 by the Automobile License Plate Collectors Association, the first and, to date, only time California has been so honored.
late 1987 – early 1994 blue on reflective white with embossed red state name none 1ABC123 2GQA000 to 3FMG999
early 1994 – early 1998 blue on reflective white with graphic red state name none 1ABC123 3GAA000 to 3XZZ999 The state name was modified twice to increase its size (the third and largest version is shown).
early 1998 – late 2000 Sesquicentennial - 150 Years 4AAA000 to 4NOZ999
late 2000 – late 2011 none 4NPA000 to 6TPV999
late 2011 – present dmv.ca.gov 6TPW000 to 8UOK030 (as of January 29, 2021)

Non-passenger plates
Image Type First issued Serial format Serials issued Notes
Amateur Radio FCC call sign Issued to holders of FCC amateur radio station licenses, upon request.
Antique Motorcycle ANTIQUE M/C 123 Available upon request for any motorcycle manufactured in 1942 or before.
Apportioned 1982 AP12345 AP00001 to approximately BP10000
1987 BP30001 to CP99999; SP00001 to approximately VP70000
2011 VP70001 to XP98575 (as of January 7, 2021)
Citizens Band ABC1234 Were issued upon request for holders of FCC citizens band radio licenses until 1983. Plate numbers and letters represent the call letters assigned by the FCC.
Disabled Person 1995 12345D/P 00001D/P to 99999D/P Before 1995, California issued only placards which were displayed on the dashboard when parking.
late 1990s D/P12345 D/P00001 to D/P99999
early 2000s D/PA1234 D/PA0001 to D/PZ9999
2006 1234AD/P 0001AD/P to 9999ZD/P
2011 D/P123AB D/P001AA to D/P999ZZ
2019 AB123D/P AA001D/P to EN201D/P (as of January 29, 2021)
Disabled Person – Motorcycle 1234D/P

Disabled Veteran 12345D/V 00001D/V to present
Exempt – Local 1963 E123456 E100000-E999999 Black plate with yellow numbering consisting of letter E in octagon and 6-digit number for district-, city- and county-owned vehicles
1969 E123456 E100000-E999999 Blue plate with yellow numbering consisting of letter E in octagon and 6-digit number for district-, city- and county-owned vehicles
1987 E123456 E100000-E999999 White plate with blue numbering consisting of letter E in octagon and 6-digit number for district-, city- and county-owned vehicles. "California" was either in red block or red script font. For "E0....." plate, see below
Exempt – State 1963 E12345 E00000-E99999 Black plate with yellow numbering consisting of letter E in diamond and 5-digit number for state-owned vehicles
1969 E12345 E00000-E99999 Blue plate with yellow numbering consisting of letter E in diamond and 5-digit number for state-owned vehicles
1987 E123456 E000000-E999999 White plate with blue numbering consisting of letter E in diamond and 5-digit number for state-owned vehicles. "California" was either in red block or red script font.
Exempt 1998 1234567 1000001 to 1610464 (as of January 13, 2021) Issued to all exempt vehicles, regardless of ownership. "CA EXEMPT" screened at top.

Some plates were issued as "E0....." due to a surplus of prestamped octagon "E" plates. On these plates the "E" was to be considered "1". They still had "California" in script font.

Foreign Organization FOREIGN ORGANIZATION 123
Historical Vehicle 1959 HISTORICAL VEHICLE 123A Available upon request for any vehicle manufactured after 1922 that is at least 25 years old.
Honorary Consul 1982 HON CONSUL CORPS 1234 Issued to Honorary Consuls upon request.
1988
Horseless Carriage 1984 HORSELESS CARRIAGE 1234 Available upon request for any vehicle manufactured in 1922 or before, or for motor vehicles with 16 or more cylinders manufactured prior to 1965.
Livery 1ABC123 1ZZA000 to 1ZZZ999; 3ZZA000 to approximately 3ZZG999 "LIVERY" screened at bottom. Issued to limos and fleet vehicles until program eliminated by Senate Bill 611 on September 30, 2014. Plates remain valid but cannot be replaced or reassigned.
Moped C123456 C000001 to present
Motorcycle 1983 12A1234 11A0000 to 24X7591 (as of October 14, 2020) Letter progresses before prefix number (11A-11Z, 12A-12Z, etc.). I, O and Q not used.[19]
Permanent Trailer 2001 4AB1234 4AA1000 to 4TT8330 (as of January 18, 2021) "California Perm Trailer" across top.
Press Photographer P/P 1234 Old Press Photographer plates. New ones say "California" in cursive at the top.
Prorate Plate N/A No longer in circulation. Used by interstate fleets to display apportioned stickers. California's stickers are placed in the third well from the top on the left side.

 Special Equipment S/E123456 Motorcycle-sized.

 Public Service (state representative) P/S12345
Tournament of Roses[20] 1998 TOFR123 TOFR1 to present Used on parade vehicles during the Tournament of Roses parade.
Trailer 1963 AB 1234 AA 1000 to HV 9999
1971 HX 1000 to TZ 9999
1983 1AB1234 1AA1000 to approximately 1BJ9999
1987 1BP1000 to approximately 1EU9999
1994 1FC1000 to 1NG5825 (as of June 28, 2020)
Truck 1963 A 12 345 A 10 000 to V 99 999
1967 12 345 A 10 000 A to 99 999 J
1969 00 000 K to 99 999 Z
1975 1A12345 1A00000 to 2Y05999
1982 3A00000 to 3P59999
1987 3P60000 to approximately 5A99999
1994 5B00000 to approximately 5S99999
1998 5T00000 to 6J99999 With "Sesquicentennial - 150 Years" slogan.
2001 6K00000 to 8Z99999 Serials 9A00000 through 9Z99999 reserved for tractor units.
2010 12345A1 00000A1 to 99999E1
2011 00000F1 to 04593D3 (as of January 26, 2021) With "dmv.ca.gov" slogan.
Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) Plate Assigned by the DMV or CHP when a number is removed, destroyed, or obliterated.

Occupational plates

On each occupational plate type, the full-size number is constant for each distributing entity, while the small suffix (or prefix on the Special Equipment Dealer/Manufacturer plate) varies. Only rear plates are required for each type.

Image Type First issued Serial format Notes
Dealer D/L/R 1234 1/2/A
Dismantler D/S/M 1234 1/2/A
Manufacturer M/F/G 1234 1/2/A
New Vehicle Distributor D/S/T 1234 1/2/A
Remanufacturer R/M/F 1234 1/2/A
Special Equipment Dealer/Manufacturer 1A MFG 1234 Motorcycle-sized.
Transporter T/R/N 1234 1/2/A

Legislative plates
Image Type First issued Serial format Notes
Assembly Member A 12 Issued to current and retired members of the California State Assembly. The number in the serial corresponds to the district represented by the Assembly member. A small 'A' by the number indicates a second vehicle owned by the Assembly member. A small 'R' indicates a retired Assembly member, and a small '1' after the small 'R' indicates a second vehicle owned by the retired Assembly member.
Representative U.S. CONGRESS 1 Issued to current U.S. representatives. A small 'A' by the number indicates a second vehicle owned by the representative, a small 'B' indicates a third vehicle, and so on.
State Senator S 12 Issued to current and retired members of the California State Senate. The number in the serial corresponds to the district represented by the Senator. A small 'S' by the number indicates a second vehicle owned by the Senator. A small 'R' indicates a retired Senator, and a small '1' after the small 'R' indicates a second vehicle owned by the retired Senator.
U.S. Senator UNITED STATES SENATE 1 Issued to current U.S. Senators. A small 'A' by the number indicates a second vehicle owned by the U.S. Senator, a small 'B' indicates a third vehicle, and so on.

Stickers
Image Type First issued Notes

 Off-Highway Vehicle Assigned to motor vehicles that are used on roads not publicly maintained (e.g. in State Parks and National Forests).

Optional types (specialty plates)
Image Type First issued Design Serial format Serials issued Notes

 1984 Olympics—Motorcycle 1984 L/A12345 L/A00000 to present No longer issued, but still revalidated.
1984 Olympics—Passenger 1984 L/A12345
U/S12345		 L/A00000 to present No longer issued, but still revalidated.
Arts Council 1994 ABC123
123ABC
A123B0		 Using previously unused letter blocks. "Coastline" design by Wayne Thiebaud.[21][22]
Bill of Rights 1990 Blue on white with red Liberty Bell graphic 1234 US 0001 US to approximately 1000 US Commemorated the 200th anniversary of the Bill's ratification.
Breast Cancer Awareness 2017 B123A1 Pink plate with pink ribbon screened at left and "Early Detection Saves Lives" screened at bottom.
California Museums (Snoopy) 2016 S123B0 White plate with Peanuts character Snoopy screened at left and "museums are for everyone" screened at bottom.
Children's Trust Fund ABC123 Using previously unused letter blocks. An embossed heart, hand, star, or plus sign appears to the left of the serial, or can be incorporated into "vanity" numbers.
Congressional Medal of Honor 84 —Passenger 1984 12 Given to Medal of Honor recipients.
Congressional Medal of Honor 93 —Passenger 1993 12 Given to Medal of Honor recipients.
Firefighter—Motorcycle 00A12 00A01 to present.
Firefighter—Passenger 1995 ABC123
A123B0		 Using previously unused letter blocks. Only active or retired firefighter can apply for this type of plate. Logo of a firefighter on a blazing background.

 Gold Star Family —Passenger 2011 123ABC Using previously unused letter blocks. Given to family of fallen soldiers while in the line of duty.
Lake Tahoe Version 1 1996 1ABC123 No longer issued but still revalidated.
Lake Tahoe Version 2 2011 1ABC123 Using previously unused letter blocks.

Legacy 2015 Gold on reflective black A123B0 B001A0 to W768M0 (as of January 26, 2021) In the style of the 1963–69 passenger plate. 'S' series of serials used on Snoopy plate (above).
Legion of Valor—Passenger 123 A sticker is placed to the right of the license plate number denoting the decoration held by the recipient. Air Force Cross -Air Force Medal of Honor -Army Medal of Honor -

Army Distinguished Service Cross -Navy Cross -Navy Medal of Honor -

Olympic Training Center Version 1 1990 C/A12345
U/S12345		 No longer issued, but still revalidated.
Olympic Training Center Version 2 1999 C/A12345
U/S12345		 No longer issued, but still revalidated.
Olympic Training Center Version 3 2000 C/A12345
U/S12345
Pearl Harbor Survivor —Passenger Blue on white; "PEARL HARBOR SURVIVOR" in blue at left 1234 Only issued to survivors of the Attack on Pearl Harbor. May be retained on a vehicle owned by a surviving spouse.[23]
Protect Our Coast & Ocean Version 1 1997 1ABC123 No longer issued but still revalidated.
Protect Our Coast & Ocean Version 2 2011 1ABC123 Using previously unused letter blocks.
Purple Heart 1234PH
Purple Heart—Motorcycle 1234PH
POW Ex-Prisoner of War —Motorcycle POW1234
POW Ex-Prisoner of War 93 —Passenger 1993 POW1234
POW Ex-Prisoner of War 00 —Passenger 2000 POW1234
Veteran Version 1 1994 ABC123
123ABC		 No longer issued but still revalidated.
Veteran Version 2 2012 123ABC
A123B0		 Using previously unused letter blocks.
We Will Never Forget 2002 1234MA
University of California, Los Angeles 1994 ABC123 Using previously unused letter blocks. No longer issued, but still revalidated.
Yosemite National Park 1993 1ABC123 1UAA000 to 1UBK976 (as of July 23, 2018)

See the Passenger Baseplates section above for the 1982–87 "Golden State" plate, which was briefly issued as the standard passenger base.

Year-of-manufacture plates
A California car license plate saying ANRCHST (a vanity plate–speak form of anarchist) from 2006

The use of year-of-manufacture (YOM) plates is authorized by Section 5004.1 of the California Motor Vehicle Code. It is a law that allows vintage cars to be registered to use vintage license plates. Any officially manufactured California license plates which were produced prior to 1963 can be used on a currently registered vehicle or trailer of a corresponding model year. If used on the original plate, a sticker or metal tab that corresponds to the year of the vehicle is required.

In July 2009, California extended its YOM program to include passenger vehicles from 1963 to 1969, and commercial vehicles (pick-ups, etc.) through 1972. Any black-and-gold plate from this era may be used on these vehicles, as long as they are "clear" with the DMV (i.e., not used, reported stolen, or any records found, for the last 10 years). A valid sticker must be attached to the plate corresponding to the year of the vehicle that is to be registered.

As of January 2014, in very rare cases, California has extended custom license plates to allow more than seven digits, but not to exceed nine characters. However, most plates are limited to seven-and-a-half characters (the half-character is a half-space).

In August 2016, California extended the year-of-manufacture license plate program to include vehicles through the 1980 model year.[24]

California Legacy License Plate program

The California Legacy License Plate program offers vehicle owners the opportunity to purchase replicas of California license plates similar to those issued in the 1960s. California proposed issuing plates similar to those of the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s. The original plan was to restrict the plate colors to what would have been issued to the vehicle when purchased new. After a few months, the program was opened to all model years. Only the 1960s (gold on black) plate reached the required 7,500 minimum orders before January 1, 2015. The 1950s (black on gold) and 1970s (gold on blue) plates did not achieve the required 7,500 minimum orders.[25] The plates were issued from late spring through summer 2015 and are still available for order from the DMV website. Additional time is required for personalized plates.[26][27]

Temporary registration plates
2021 Californian temporary license plate for a Ferrari Roma.

California did not issue temporary license plates for new vehicle purchases until 2019.[28] Prior to 2019, California was unusual among the U.S. states in not requiring any form of temporary license plate. Vehicle dealers were still required to electronically report sales of new vehicles to the DMV, but they were only required to print out a DMV report-of-sale form at the time of sale.[29] Newly purchased vehicles typically drove around for a month or more with nothing but a dealer's advertisement or logo on a paper plate insert where the license plate would go, and the DMV report-of-sale form was instead taped to the windshield. This made the new vehicle essentially "untraceable" both by plain visual observation by persons, and by automated means such as license-plate reading systems, red light cameras, and automatic number plate recognition. This led to an epidemic of drivers of newly purchased vehicles cheating tolls on bridges and toll roads where a transponder system is used instead of toll booths, causing the state to lose $15–19 million per year. Because of this, new state legislation was adopted in 2016 requiring temporary license plates in California beginning in 2019.[29][30] The DMV's reporting system was modified so that dealers could print out the temporary license plates on special paper.[28]

The law was inspired by the hit-and-run death of a pedestrian who was struck by a car with dealer paper inserts, and because it had no temporary plates it was impossible to trace the suspect.[31] California's previous lack of a temporary plate requirement was jokingly known as the "Steve Jobs loophole" due to the Apple founder's habit of keeping rolling six-month leases on a series of Mercedes-Benz SL55 AMGs specifically to avoid having to put license plates on the cars.[32] California's previous lack of temporary plates was also taken advantage of by criminals, who knew that a car driving with a dealer ad paper insert was both untraceable and did not raise suspicion.[33]

References
  1. Taylor, Eric Robert. "California Archive - Part 1". PorcelainPlates.net. Retrieved December 6, 2015.
  2. http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=4850&lawCode=VEH
  3. http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=5200&lawCode=VEH
  4. Minard, Jeff (February 2000). "California, License Plates of the Golden State". The ALPCA Register. Vol. 52 no. 3. Automobile License Plate Collectors Association. p. 7.
  5. Minard, Jeff (June 2006). "We're All Ears! California's Automobile Club Pre-States". Plates. Vol. 62 no. 5. Automobile License Plate Collectors Association. pp. 24–30.
  6. Garrish, Christopher (October 2016). "Reconsidering the Standard Plate Size". Plates. Vol. 62 no. 5. Automobile License Plate Collectors Association.
  7. Registered Automobiles (November 1914 ed.). Sacramento, California: State of California. 1914.
  8. "Automobile License Plate Collectors Association". ALPCA. Retrieved August 3, 2017.
  9. Registered Automobiles 1916 (December 1916 ed.). Sacramento, California: State of California. 1916. p. 60.
  10. California Automobile Registration 1917 (Volume 1 ed.). Sacramento, California: State of California. 1917.
  11. Registered Automobiles (December 1917 ed.). Sacramento, California: State of California. 1917.
  12. Registered Automobiles (January–February 1918 ed.). Sacramento, California: State of California. 1918.
  13. Registered Automobiles (December 1918 ed.). Sacramento, California: State of California. 1918.
  14. Registered Automobiles (January, February and March 1919 ed.). Sacramento, California: State of California. 1919.
  15. "Automobile License Plate Collectors Association". ALPCA. Retrieved August 4, 2017.
  16. California Automobile Registration 1921 (Volume XVI ed.). Sacramento, California: State of California. 1922.
  17. "Automobile License Plate Collectors Association". ALPCA. Retrieved August 4, 2017.
  18. Tanner, Eric N. "California Passenger License Plates". allaboutlicenseplates.com. Retrieved November 20, 2020.
  19. Tanner, Eric N. "California Motorcycle License Plates". allaboutlicenseplates.com. Retrieved November 20, 2020.
  20. http://bp1.blogger.com/_A6xZ_nscqCM/R3R6F5BcH0I/AAAAAAAAA20/sgMCuY6Ho3c/s1600-h/IMG_0073+copy.jpg4
  21. Knight, Christopher (June 29, 2010). "Wayne Thiebaud's Pop art license plate design". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved September 4, 2015.
  22. "Arts Plate". California Arts Council. Retrieved September 4, 2015.
  23. "Vehicle Industry Registration Procedures Manual, §21.175". California Department of Motor Vehicles. Retrieved July 22, 2020.
  24. https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billCompareClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160SB1429
  25. http://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/dmv/detail/legacyplates/index
  26. http://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/dmv/detail/legacyplates/faqs
  27. https://www.latimes.com/business/autos/la-fi-hy-california-black-license-plates-20150622-story.html
  28. "Temporary Paper License Plates". www.dmv.ca.gov. Retrieved 2019-07-16.
  29. "Assembly Bill No. 516". California. State of California Legislature. July 7, 2016. Retrieved February 22, 2018.
  30. "New law will require temporary license plates in California". Los Angeles Times. Associated Press. July 25, 2016. Retrieved June 21, 2017.
  31. Romero, Dennis (July 27, 2016). "Say Goodbye to New Car Paper Plates". www.laweekly.com. LA Weekly. Retrieved June 21, 2017.
  32. Gitlin, Jonathan (July 26, 2016). "California closes the Steve Jobs license plate loophole". www.arstechnica.com. ars technica. Retrieved June 21, 2017.
  33. "TV reporter becomes the story when she's robbed at Costco while shopping". Los Angeles Times. Associated Press. November 5, 2017. Retrieved November 6, 2017.
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