Afghan National Anthem

The "Afghan National Anthem" (Pashto: ملی سرود‎ - Millī Surūd; Persian: سرود ملی‎ - Surūde Millī, lit. 'National anthem') was adopted and officially announced as such by a Loya Jirga in May 2006. According to article 20 of the Afghan constitution, the national anthem shall be in Pashto with the mention of "God is Greatest" as well as the names of the ethnicities in Afghanistan[1] The lyrics were written by Abdul Bari Jahani and the music was written by German-Afghan composer Babrak Wassa.[2]

Pashto: Millī Surūd
Dari: Surūd-e Millī
English: Afghan National Anthem
Pashto: ملی سرود
Dari: سرود ملی
National anthem of Afghanistan and the Kingdom of Afghanistan
LyricsAbdul Bari Jahani, 2006 (2006)
MusicBabrak Wassa, 2006 (2006)
Adopted 1926 (1926-Month Unknown)
ReadoptedMay 2006 (2006-05)
Preceded by"Fortress of Islam, Heart of Asia"
Succeeded byNational anthem of the Kingdom of Afghanistan
Audio sample
"Millī Surūd" (instrumental, abridged)
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Millī Surūd music during the Kingdom of Afghanistan

History

National anthem (1926–1943)
Former national anthem of  Afghanistan
Adopted1926
Relinquished1943
Audio sample
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Afghanistan's first national anthem was adopted during its period as a monarchy. It was instrumental and had no lyrics.[3]

National anthem (1943–1973)
Main article: Schahe ghajur-o-mehrabane ma
Pashto: Loya Salami
English: Grand Salute
Former national anthem of  Afghanistan
LyricsMohammed Makhtar, 1943
MusicMohammed Farukh, 1943
Adopted1943
Relinquished1973
Audio sample
"Grand Salute"
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This was Afghanistan's second national anthem, during when it was a monarchy.[4]

National anthem (1978–1992)
Main article: Garam shah lā garam shah
Pashto: Milli Surood
Dari: Surūd-e Millī
English: National Anthem
Pashto: ملی سرود
Dari: سرود ملی
Former national anthem of  Afghanistan
Also known as"Garam shah lā garam shah" (English: "Be Ardent, Be More Ardent")
LyricsSulaiman Layeq
MusicJalil Zaland, 1978
Adopted1978
Relinquished1992
Succeeded by"Fortress of Islam, Heart of Asia"
Audio sample
Millī Surūd
ملي سرود
"National Anthem"
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Another national anthem was adopted after the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan was set up in 1978. Its lyrics were written by Sulaiman Layeq on behalf of the government of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) headed by Nur Muhammad Taraki, who decided to change the national symbols after the Marxist coup d'état of 1978.[5][6][7] The music was composed by Jalīl Ghahlānd and was arranged by Ustad Salim Sarmad.[8][9] It is known alternatively by the title of "Garam shah lā garam shah" (English: "Be Ardent, Be More Ardent"), which is also the song's incipit. Like many national anthems, it was sometimes sung abbreviated with only the chorus and the first stanza. In 1987, Afghanistan officially abandoned communism but this song was kept as the national anthem until 1992, when it was discontinued.

National anthem (1992–1999, 2002–2006)
Main article: Fortress of Islam, Heart of Asia
Pashto: Milli Surood
Dari: Surūd-e Millī
English: National Anthem
Pashto: ملی سرود
Dari: سرود ملی
Former national anthem of Afghanistan
Also known asقلعه اسلام قلب اسیا (English: "Fortress of Islam, Heart of Asia")
LyricsUnknown
MusicUstad Qasim, 1919
Adopted1992–1999
Readopted2002
RelinquishedMay 2006
Succeeded by"Afghan National Anthem"
Audio sample
transl. ur – transl. ALA-LC
ملي سرود
"The National Anthem"
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Ustad Qasim, the composer

From 1992 to 2006, Afghanistan used a mujahideen battle song composed in 1919 by Ustad Qasim as its national anthem.[10][11] It is also known alternatively by the title "Fortress of Islam, Heart of Asia" (Persian: قلعه اسلام قلب اسیا‎), which is also the song's incipit.[12][13][14]

During the late 1990s, the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan under the Taliban took control over most of Afghanistan from the UN-recognized government and ruled most of the country until late 2001. The Taliban outlawed music throughout the territory that they controlled, which consisted of most of the country. As such, most of Afghanistan practically was left without a national anthem during that time, until late 2001 when the Taliban was overthrown. The song was reintroduced by the new transitional government of Afghanistan in 2002;[15] it remained such when the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan was established in 2004 and was used by the latter until 2006.[16][17]

Lyrics
Pashto LyricsPashto TransliterationEnglish TranslationDari TranslationDari Transliteration
First stanza

دا وطن افغانستان دی
دا عزت د هر افغان دى
كور د سولې، كور د تورې
هر بچى يې قهرمان دى

Dā watan Afgānistān dai,
dā izat də har Afgān dai
Kor də sor, kor də ture,
har bačai ye qahramān dai

This land is Afghanistan,
it is the pride of every Afghan
The land of peace, the land of sword,
each of its sons is brave

این کشور افغانستان است
این عزت هر افغان است
خانهٔ صلح، خانهٔ شمشیر
هر فرزندش قهرمان است

in kishvar afghānistān ast
in izzat har afghān ast
khāni-yi-sulih, khāni-yi-shamshēr
har farzandish qahramān ast

Second stanza

دا وطن د ټولو كور دى
د بلوڅو، د ازبكو
پــښــتــنو او هزاراو
د تركمنو، د تاجكو

Dā watan də ttolo kor dai,
də Baločo, də Uzbəko
də Pax̌tun aw Hazārawo,
də Turkməno, də Tāǰəko

This is the country of every tribe,
The land of Balochs and Uzbeks
Pashtuns and Hazaras,
Turkmens and Tajiks

این کشور خانهٔ همه است
از بلوچ، از ازبک
از پشتون و هزارها
از ترکمن و تاجک

in kishvar khāni-yi-hame ast
az baloch, az uzbek
az pashtun o hazāraha
az turkman o tājik

Third stanza

ور سره عرب، ګوجر دي
پاميريان، نورستانيان
براهوي دي، قزلباش دي
هم ايماق، هم پشايان

Wər sara Arəb, Guǰər di,
Pāmiryān, Nuristānyān
Brāhuwi di, Qizilbāsh di,
ham Aymāq, ham Pašāyān

With them, there are Arabs and Gujjars,
Pamiris, Nuristanis
Brahuis, and Qizilbash,
also Aimaqs and Pashais

هم عرب و گوجر است
پامیری‌ها، نورستانی ها
براهوی است و قزلباش است
هم آیماق و پشه‌ای ها

ham arab o gujar ast
pāmirihā, nuristānhā
brāhui ast o qizilbāsh ast
ham āymāq o pasha-yi-hā

Fourth stanza

دا هيواد به تل ځلېږي
لكه لمر پر شنه آسمان
په سينې كې د آسيا به
لكه زړه وي جاويدان

Dā hiwād ba təl dzaleγ̌i,
ləka lmar pər šnə āsmān
Pə sine ke də Āsyā ba,
ləka zrrə wi ǰāwidān

This land will shine for ever,
like the sun in the blue sky
In the chest of Asia,
it will remain as heart for ever

این کشور همیشه تابان خواهد بد
مثل آفتاب در آسمان کبود
در سینهٔ آسیا
مثل قلب جاویدان

in kishvar hamēshi tābān khwahda bud
misl āftāb dar āsmān kabud
dar sēni-yi-āsyā
misl qalb jāvidān

Fifth stanza

نوم د حق مو دى رهبر
وايو الله اكبر
وايو الله اكبر
وايو الله اكبر

Num də haq mo dai rahbar,
Wāyu Allāhu Akbar,
Wāyu Allāhu Akbar,
Wāyu Allāhu Akbar

We will follow the one God
We all say, "Allah is the greatest!",
we all say, "Allah is the greatest!",
we all say, "Allah is the greatest!"

نام حق است ما را رهبر
میگویم الله اکبر
میگویم الله اکبر
میگویم الله اکبر

nām haq ast mā rā rahbar
mēgoēm Allāh hu akbar
mēgoēm Allāh hu akbar
mēgoēm Allāh hu akbar

See also

References
  1. "The Constitution of Afghanistan". afghan-web.com. Retrieved 2013-04-09.
  2. "National Anthem". afghan-web.com. Archived from the original on 2013-04-11. Retrieved 2013-04-09.
  3. "Afghanistan (1926-1943)". 6 May 2012.
  4. "Afghanistan (1943-1973)". 6 May 2012.
  5. "State Funeral for Afghan Leader Slain in '78 Coup". The New York Times. 18 March 2009.
  6. "An Afghan Secret Revealed Brings End of an Era". The New York Times. 1 February 2009.
  7. The Journal. Rabetat al-Alam al-Islami. 1979. p. 62.
  8. Visser, Derkwillem (1991). Flaggen, Wappen, Hymnen: Bevölkerung, Religion, Geographie, Geschichte, Verwaltung, Währung (in German). Battenberg. p. 258. ISBN 9783894410445.
  9. "Afghanistan (1978-1992)". 9 May 2012.
  10. Bristow, Michael; Lim, Josh; Popp, Reinhard (11 May 2012). "Afghanistan (1992-1999, 2002-2006)". NationalAnthems.info. Retrieved 1 December 2017.
  11. "National anthems - Islamic State of Afghanistan (1992-2006)". 21 August 2016 – via YouTube.
  12. "Fortress of Islam, heart of Asia…" – via Amazon.
  13. "Afghanistan: "Fortress of Islam, Heart of Asia…"" – via Amazon.
  14. Pigott, Peter (28 February 2007). Canada in Afghanistan: The War So Far. Dundurn. p. 17 – via Internet Archive. Fortress of Islam, Heart of Asia.
  15. "Sououd-e-Melli". 15 December 2005. Archived from the original on 15 December 2005.
  16. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2006-10-02. Retrieved 2019-09-18.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  17. "National Anthem Downloads, Lyrics, & Information: NationalAnthems.us - Afghanistan: New recording by the composer". www.nationalanthems.us.
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