Bilabial ejective stop

Bilabial ejective stop
pʼ
IPA Number	101 + 401
Encoding
Entity (decimal)	pʼ
Unicode (hex)	U+0070 U+02BC
X-SAMPA	p_>
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The bilabial ejective is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨pʼ⟩.

Features

Features of the bilabial ejective:

Its manner of articulation is occlusive, which means it is produced by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract. Since the consonant is also oral, with no nasal outlet, the airflow is blocked entirely, and the consonant is a plosive.

Its place of articulation is bilabial, which means it is articulated with both lips.

Its phonation is voiceless, which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords.

It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.

Because the sound is not produced with airflow over the tongue, the central–lateral dichotomy does not apply.

The airstream mechanism is ejective (glottalic egressive), which means the air is forced out by pumping the glottis upward.

Occurrence

In addition to the languages listed below, this sound is also a common phonological feature of the Ethiopian Linguistic Area, especially Ethiopian Semitic languages.

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Adyghe		пӏакӏэ/pḣač̣ė	[pʼaːt͡ʃʼa]	'thin'
Amharic		ጴጥሮስ/p̣iéṭraus	[pʼetʼros]	'Peter'
Armenian	Yerevan dialect[1]	պոչ/pochʿ	[pʼotʃʰ]	'tail'	Corresponds to tenuis [p⁼] in other Eastern dialects
Chechen		пӏелг/phelg	[pʼelɡ]	'finger'
Ganza[2]^:95		[pʼá̰bḭ́]		‘gathering’
Georgian		პაემანი/p'aemani	[pʼaɛmani]	'meeting, date'
Hadza		hûbbu	[ɦuːpʼu]	'to lift something heavy'	(mimetic)
Haida		ttappad	[tʼapʼat]	'to break'	(mimetic)
Halkomelem		p̓əq̓	[pʼəqʼ]	'white'
Kabardian		цӏапӏэ/claplè	[t͡sʼaːpʼa]	'mean'
Nez Perce		p’íłin	[ˈpʼiɬin]	'hole'
Ossetian	Iron	пъовыр/phovyr	[ˈpʼovɪ̈r]	'cook'
Quechua		p’acha	[pʼat͡ʃa]	'clothes'
Ubykh		саакӀъауәпӀцӀај/saaky'awəp'ţ'ay	[saːkʲʼawəpʼtsʼaj]	'what is your name?'	See Ubykh phonology

Notes

Dum-Tragut (2009:17–18)
Smolders, Joshua (2016). "A Phonology of Ganza" (pdf). Linguistic Discovery. 14 (1): 86–144. doi:10.1349/PS1.1537-0852.A.470. Retrieved 2017-01-16.

References

Dum-Tragut, Jasmine (2009), Armenian: Modern Eastern Armenian, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company

External links

List of languages with [pʼ] on PHOIBLE

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[1] Dum-Tragut (2009:17–18)

[Smolders-2016-2] Smolders, Joshua (2016). "A Phonology of Ganza" (pdf). Linguistic Discovery. 14 (1): 86–144. doi:10.1349/PS1.1537-0852.A.470. Retrieved 2017-01-16.