Demographics of Gabon

The Demographics of Gabon is the makeup of the population of Gabon. As of 2018, Gabon has a population of 2,119,275[1][2]. Gabon's population is relatively young with 35.5% of its population under 15 years of age and only 4.3% of its population over 65 years old. Gabon has a nearly even split between males and females with 0.99 males for every female in the population. In the age range of 15–65, the ration is exactly 1 male to 1 female. The life expectancy of Gabon is lower than the world average. Gabon's population's life expectancy at birth is 53.11 years while the world average is 67.2 years as of 2010. Ethnically, the biggest group in Gabon are the Fang people with over 500,000 people, or about a third of Gabon's population, belonging to this ethnic group. The biggest religion in Gabon is Christianity, with between 55–75% of the population of Gabon being Christian.

Gabon population pyramid in 2020

Population
Gabon population statistics (1950–2014)

According to the 2019 revision of the World Population Prospects[1][2] the total population was 2,119,275 in 2018, compared to only 469,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 35.5%, 60.2% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 4.3% was 65 years or older .[3]

Total population Population aged 0–14 (%) Population aged 15–64 (%) Population aged 65+ (%)
1950 469 00028.464.37.3
1955 476 00029.463.57.1
1960 486 00030.362.67.1
1965 502 00031.961.17.1
1970 530 00033.059.97.1
1975 595 00035.258.06.8
1980 683 00037.755.96.4
1985 794 00040.054.06.0
1990 929 00041.453.05.6
1995 1 087 00042.052.85.1
2000 1 235 00041.054.34.8
2005 1 371 00038.657.04.4
2010 1 505 00035.560.24.3

Structure of the population (DHS 2012; males 19,318, females 20,636, total 39,955):

Age group Male (%) Female (%) Total (%)
0–4 16.0 14.3 15.1
5–9 12.4 12.4 12.4
10–14 12.0 12.5 12.3
15–19 9.6 9.9 9.7
20–24 7.6 9.6 8.7
25–29 7.5 8.4 8.0
30–34 7.8 7.0 7.4
35–39 6.6 5.4 5.9
40–44 5.4 4.4 4.9
45–49 4.1 3.3 3.7
50–54 3.4 4.2 3.8
55–59 2.0 2.3 2.1
60–64 2.6 1.7 2.1
65–69 1.1 1.4 1.2
70–74 0.9 1.3 1.1
75–79 0.6 0.7 0.6
80+ 0.5 1.3 0.9
Age group Male (%) Female (%) Total (%)
0–14 40.4 39.2 39.8
15–64 56.5 56.1 56.4
65+ 3.1 4.7 3.8

Vital statistics

Registration of vital events is in Gabon not complete. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates. [3]

Period Live births per year Deaths per year Natural change per year CBR* CDR* NC* TFR* IMR*
1950–195514,00013,0001,00030.527.72.84.00179
1955–196014,00012,0002,00030.125.94.24.00167
1960–196515,00012,0003,00031.424.86.54.25158
1965–197017,00011,0006,00032.521.710.74.50134
1970–197520,00011,0009,00035.419.116.34.90114
1975–198024,00010,00013,00037.516.421.05.1095
1980–198528,00010,00018,00038.413.724.75.2078
1985–199033,00010,00023,00038.111.326.85.1563
1990–199538,00011,00028,00038.010.527.45.1059
1995–200039,00012,00027,00033.210.223.04.3758
2000–200539,00014,00025,00029.710.419.33.7858
2005–201039,00013,00026,00027.49.418.03.3551
* CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman)

Fertility and births

Total Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR):[4]

Year CBR (Total) TFR (Total) CBR (Urban) TFR (Urban) CBR (Rural) TFR (Rural)
2000 33.1 4.3 (3.5) 33.3 3.9 (3.2) 32.4 5.7 (4.7)
2012 33.3 4.1 (3.2) 33.2 3.9 (3.0) 33.4 6.1 (4.6)

Fertility data as of 2012 (DHS Program):[5]

Province Total fertility rate Percentage of women age 15–49 currently pregnant Mean number of children ever born to women age 40–49
Libreville/Port-Gentil3.59.34.4
Estuaire (except Libreville)4.18.65.2
Haut-Ogooué4.910.35.8
Moyen-Ogooué4.98.95.4
Ngounié5.710.96.0
Nyanga5.710.76.2
Ogooué Maritime (except Port-Gentil)4.89.84.6
Ogooué-Ivindo6.714.06.6
Ogooué-Lolo5.311.35.9
Woleu-N’tem5.09.84.7

Life expectancy
Period Life expectancy in
Years[6]
1950–1955 37.00
1955–1960 39.00
1960–1965 40.50
1965–1970 44.65
1970–1975 48.78
1975–1980 52.91
1980–1985 57.03
1985–1990 60.70
1990–1995 61.01
1995–2000 60.03
2000–2005 59.07
2005–2010 61.34
2010–2015 64.45

Other demographics statistics

Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2019.[7]

  • One birth every 9 minutes
  • One death every 35 minutes
  • One net migrant every 480 minutes
  • Net gain of one person every 12 minutes

The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook.[8]

Population
2,119,036 (July 2018 est.)

Age structure
Population pyramid of Gabon in 2017
0-14 years: 37.45% (male 405,676 /female 387,900)
15-24 years: 22.08% (male 245,490 /female 222,343)
25-54 years: 31.6% (male 355,348 /female 314,344)
55-64 years: 4.96% (male 54,679 /female 50,356)
65 years and over: 3.91% (male 40,721 /female 42,179) (2018 est.)

Median age
total: 20.5 years. Country comparison to the world: 187th
male: 20.8 years
female: 20.2 years (2018 est.)

Birth rate
26.5 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 46th

Death rate
6.2 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 157th

Total fertility rate
3.52 children born/woman (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 42nd

Population growth rate
2.73% (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 15th

Mother's mean age at first birth
20.3 years (2012 est.)
note: median age at first birth among women 25-29

Contraceptive prevalence rate
31.1% (2012)

Net migration rate
-2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.) Country comparison to the world: 161st

Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio: 67.4 (2015 est.)
youth dependency ratio: 59.9 (2015 est.)
elderly dependency ratio: 7.6 (2015 est.)
potential support ratio: 13.2 (2015 est.)

Religions
Roman Catholic 42.3%, Protestant 12.3%, other Christian 27.4%, Muslim 9.8%, animist 0.6%, other 0.5%, none/no answer 7.1% (2012 est.)

Urbanization
urban population: 89.4% of total population (2018)
rate of urbanization: 2.61% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

Life expectancy at birth
total population: 681346 years (2018 est.)
male: 66.3 years (2018 est.)
female: 69.6 years (2018 est.)

Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2015 est.)

total population: 83.2% (2015 est.)
male: 85.3% (2015 est.)
female: 81% (2015 est.)

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24
total: 35.7% (2010 est.)
male: 30.5% (2010 est.)
female: 41.9% (2010 est.)

Ethnic groups

Broad ethnic groups are:

  1. Bantu groups including four major groupings (Fang, Eshira, Punu, Teke)
  2. Other Africans, notably 'forest people' (pygmee, now sedentary) such as the Babongo tribe
  3. Europeans, including 10,700 French and 11,000 persons of dual nationality

2012 Census[9]
Groups Percentage
Gabonese-born 80.1%
Fang 23.2%
Shira-Punu/Vili 18.9%
Nzabi-Duma 11.3%
Mbede-Teke 6.9%
Myene 5%
Kola-Kele 4.9%
Okande-Tsogo 2.1%
Pygmy 0.3%
Other Gabonese Groups 7.5%
Other 19.9%
Cameroonian 4.6%
Malian 2.4%
Beninese 2.1%
Acquired Gabonese Nationality 1.6%
Togolese 1.6%
Senegalese 1.1%
Congolese (Brazzaville) 1%
Other (Includes Congolese (Kinshasa), Equatorial Guinean, Nigerian ) 5.5%

Language and religion
Main article: Religion in Gabon

Religions:[10] Roman Catholic 41.9%, Protestant 13.7%, other Christian 32.4%, Islam 6.4%, Animist 0.3%, other 0.3%, None/No Answer 5% (2012 est.)

Languages: French (official since colonial rule), Fang, Myene, Bateke, Bapounou/Eschira, Bandjabi

Literacy: [10]
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 83.2%
male: 85.3%
female: 81% (2015 est.)

References
  1. ""World Population prospects – Population division"". population.un.org. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved November 9, 2019.
  2. ""Overall total population" – World Population Prospects: The 2019 Revision" (xslx). population.un.org (custom data acquired via website). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved November 9, 2019.
  3. "Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision". Esa.un.org. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
  4. "MEASURE DHS: Demographic and Health Surveys". Microdata.worldbank.org. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
  5. "Enquête Démographique et de Santé 2012" (PDF). Dhsprogram.com. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
  6. "World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations". esa.un.org. Retrieved 2018-08-26.
  7. "Gabon Population 2019", World Population Review
  8. "The World FactBook - Eswatini", The World Factbook, July 12, 2018 This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  9. "Africa :: Gabon — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. Retrieved 2020-10-06.
  10. "Africa :: GABON". CIA The World Factbook.

 This article incorporates public domain material from the CIA World Factbook document: "2006 edition".

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