Joypurhat District

Joypurhat (Bengali: জয়পুরহাট জেলা, Bengali pronunciation: [ˈbangla] Joypurhat Jela, also Joypurhat Zila) is a district in the northern part of Bangladesh. It is part of Rajshahi Division.[2]

Joypurhat

জয়পুরহাট
District
Joypurhat District
Location of Joypurhat in Bangladesh
Expandable map of Joypurhat
Coordinates: 25.10°N 89.03°E / 25.10; 89.03
Country Bangladesh
DivisionRajshahi Division
EstablishedFebruary 26, 1984
Government
 • Deputy CommissionerMd. Sharif
Area
 • Total965.4 km2 (372.7 sq mi)
Population
 (2011 census)[1]
 • Total913,768
 • Density950/km2 (2,500/sq mi)
Demonym(s)Joypurhati, Rajshahiyo
Time zoneUTC+06:00 (BST)
Postal code
5900

History

Ancient history

Joypurhat was an area under the Pala Empire & Sena dynasty from a long period of time. Till 16th and 17th centuries, there were no clear information about Joypurhat's history. Previously the local name for Joypurhat was 'Baghabarihat(Bengali-বাঘাবাড়ীহাট)'. Later it was called 'Gopendraganjahat (Bengali-গোপেন্দ্রগঞ্জহাট)' in many archives. Once 'Lalbazar Thana(Bengali-লালবাজার থানা)' was established by containing the present Joypurhat Sadar Upazila and Panchbibi Upazila. The thana (upazila/sub-district) was located at east side of Small Jamuna River named 'Puranapoil (Bengali: পুরানাপৈল)'. Then Puranapoil Union was known as 'Karimanagar(Bengali: করিমনগর)'. A post office was established in Lalbazar Thana. The sub-registry office was established in 'Nawabganj(Bengali: নবাবগঞ্জ)'. There were many 'NeelKuthi(নীলকুঠি, যার ঠিকানা, কুঠিবাড়ী ব্রীজ, জয়পুরহাট সদর থেকে ৩ কি.মি দূরে অবস্থিত )' established in this area. At that era, Lalbazar Thana was a town. Back then it was the only work place for the ordinary people of that area. From Lalbazar Thana, Small Jamuna River gorge, the whole travel, commerce and trade were maintained. At that period Lalbazar Thana, Khetlal Upazila & Badalgachhi Upazila were under Dinajpur District. As Dinajpur District, Rangpur District & Rajshahi District were very large, in 1821, a new district was formed from the three districts and named Bogra District. At that time, Bogra District occupied by Adamdighi, Bogra Sadar, Sherpur from Rajshahi District; two upazila from Rangpur District and Khetlal Upazila, Badalgachhi Upazila, Lalbazar Thana from Dinajpur. Later, on December 16, 1868, Lalbazar Police Thana was moved in 'Khasbaguri(Bengali: খাসবাগুড়ী)'. The local name of Khasbabri was Panchbibi. In 1884, from Kolkata District to Jalpaiguri District in British Raj the rail way line established. Among this rail way line 8 railway station was built in the present Joypurhat District. In that time 'Baghabari(Bengali: বাঘাবাড়ী)' was the local name of Joypurhat and Baghabari railway station was the name of Joypurhat railway station.

After establishing the railway station the people gathered more in railway area more than the riverside area of Small Jamuna River. People in the surrounding villages of the railway have increased gradually settled. Gradually the 'Khanjanapur (Bengali: খঞ্জনপুর)' and 'Lalbazar Hat (Bengali: লালবাজার হাট)' goes extinct. The name of 'Baghabari railway station' was replaced by the name Joypurhat railway station. And from that the whole area are known to Joypurhat to all.

Some say that Joypurhat was renamed from the name of Pala Empire King JoyPal who ruled here in his period.

Geography

Rivers

Bangladesh is a country of many rivers. There are five rivers in Joypurhat District.

Climate

Joypurhat is a district of Tropical climate. In winter there is much more rainfall in Joypurhat than in summer. According to The Köppen climate classification, The average annual temperature in here is 25.4 °C and The average annual rainfall is 1738 mm. The driest month is December with 3 mm. Most precipitation falls in July, with an average of 364 mm. The warmest month of the year is August with an average temperature of 28.9 °C. In January, the average temperature is 18 °C. It is the lowest average temperature of the whole year.

Climate data for Joypurhat
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 24.8
(76.6)		 27.6
(81.7)		 32.5
(90.5)		 35
(95)		 33.6
(92.5)		 32.4
(90.3)		 31.7
(89.1)		 31.6
(88.9)		 31.7
(89.1)		 31.1
(88.0)		 28.7
(83.7)		 25.9
(78.6)		 30.6
(87.0)
Daily mean °C (°F) 18
(64)		 20.2
(68.4)		 24.9
(76.8)		 28.4
(83.1)		 28.7
(83.7)		 28.9
(84.0)		 28.9
(84.0)		 28.9
(84.0)		 28.6
(83.5)		 27
(81)		 22.8
(73.0)		 19.3
(66.7)		 25.4
(77.7)
Average low °C (°F) 11.2
(52.2)		 12.9
(55.2)		 17.3
(63.1)		 21.9
(71.4)		 23.8
(74.8)		 25.4
(77.7)		 26.1
(79.0)		 26.2
(79.2)		 25.6
(78.1)		 22.9
(73.2)		 17
(63)		 12.6
(54.7)		 20.2
(68.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 10
(0.4)		 15
(0.6)		 21
(0.8)		 52
(2.0)		 186
(7.3)		 330
(13.0)		 364
(14.3)		 321
(12.6)		 283
(11.1)		 140
(5.5)		 13
(0.5)		 3
(0.1)		 1,738
(68.2)
Source: National newspapers

The difference in precipitation between the driest month and the wettest month is 361 mm. The average temperatures vary during the year by 10.9 °C.

Economy

Joypurhat's economy is mainly based on seasonal crops like rice, potato, wheat, onion, mango, jackfruit, and banana. It also produces a huge amount of sugarcane and it holds the country's largest sugar mill, Joypurhat Sugar Mill's Limited. There are also a lot of industries, rice mills and poultry farm sin this district. It exports many agricultural products. Hili land port is very close to Joypurhat district, so many people of this district do export-import business by this port and about all the vehicles of this port run over this district. This district is appropriate for all kind of business.

Joypurhat sugarmill at dusk

Arts and culture

Joypurhat is a district of rural or rich folk culture. In British Raj period, many festivals such as keerton (কীর্তন), jaree (জারী), palagaan (পালাগান), kabigaan (কবিগান), baul (বাউল), murshidee (মুর্শিদী), lokgeeti (লোকগীতি), bhaoyaiya (ভাওয়াইয়া), and jattra (যাত্রা) were held on various occasions.

After 1971, many cultural organizations established in this district level and upazila level.

Cultural groups
  • AKAVA, Amra Kaj Valobashi, Establish 1982, Executive Director: Mr. Robiul Alom Chowdhury (আমরা কাজ ভালবাসি আকাভা, নির্বাহি পরিচালক, রবিউল আলম চৌধুরী)
  • Shopno Chaya Community Center (স্বপ্নছায়া কমিউনিটি সেন্টার)
  • Joypurhat Shilpakala Academy (জয়পুরহাট শিল্প কলা একাডেমী)
  • Joypurhat Shishu Academy (জয়পুরহাট শিশু একাডেমী)
  • Conference of the National Council of Rabindra Sangeet (জাতীয় রবীন্দ্র সঙ্গীত সম্মেলন পরিষদ)
  • Baul Cultural Organization (বাউল সাংস্কৃতিক সংগঠন)
  • Joypurhat Music Cycle (জয়পুরহাট সঙ্গীত চক্র)
  • Saragama Cultural Organization (সারগাম সাংস্কৃতিক সংগঠন)
  • Samitma Theatre and Music Schools (শামিত্ম থিয়েটার ও সঙ্গীত বিদ্যালয়)
  • Joypurhat Library and Club (জয়পুরহাট লাইব্রেরী এন্ড ক্লাব)
  • Joypurhat Theatre (জয়পুরহাট থিয়েটার)
  • Drama Circle (ড্রামা সার্কেল)[3]
  • Loko Songskriti Porishod
  • Skip It Production
  • ABC Group

Points of interest

Jamalganj is situated 10 km south west of Joypurhat. Pahar Pur (Buddhist Bihar), largely known as Sompur Bihar, is situated 6 km(approx)north-west of Jamalganj which is a symbol of past legacy of our knowledge on philosophy, architecture, arts and sculptures. It is UNESCO (United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization) certified world heritage site.

Jamalganj is known for its long traditional bazar (in English market) fore surrounded places. It is also known for its agricultural products like banana, paddy, rice, wheat, and potato. Also famous for its coal (bituminous) and cement.

Administration

Sub-districts
Map of Joypurhat District; Joypurhat Sadar Upazila, Panchbibi Upazila, Khetlal Upazila, Akkelpur Upazila, Kalai Upazila

Joypurhat has five subdistricts (upazilas):[2]

upazila Bengali url link area (km2) population
Joypurhat জয়পুরহাট সদর উপজেলা Official website 238.5 256,691
Akkelpur আক্কেলপুর উপজেলা Official website 139.47 128,952
Kalai কালাই উপজেলা Official website 166.30 129,329
Khetlal ক্ষেতলাল উপজেলা Official website 142.60 115,871
Panchbibi পাঁচবিবি উপজেলা Official website 278.53 240,979

Municipalities

There are five municipalities in Joypurhat District.

Deputy Commissioner (DC): Mohammad Yasin (Bengali- মোহাম্মদ ইয়াছিন) [4]
Mayor: MD Mustafizur Rahaman Mostak (Bengali- মোঃ মুস্তাফিজুর রহমান মোস্তাক) [5]

Parliamentary seats

Joypurhat has two parliament seats: Joypurhat-1 and Joypurhat-2.

Constituency
NO.		Constituency
Name		ExtentPresent Jatiyo Sangshad MPIn BengaliPolitical partyLegislatureElection occupied
34
 Joypurhat-1
(details)
Joypurhat Sadar Upazila

Panchbibi Upazila
Advocate Shamsul Alam
এ্যাডভোকেট সামসুল আলম দুদু
 Bangladesh Awami League 11th Parliament December 30, 2018
35
 Joypurhat-2
(details)
Akkelpur Upazila

Kalai Upazila

Khetlal Upazila
Abu Sayeed Al Mahmud Swapan
আবু সাঈদ আল মাহমুদ স্বপন
 Bangladesh Awami League 11th Parliament December 30, 2018

Transport

Roads

Joypurhat is a small district in Rajshahi Division. It has 342.59 km cobbled road, 61.59 km semi-cobbled road and 1569 km raw road.

Railway stations

Joypurhat contains eight railway stations. The total railways of Joypurhat are 38.86 km.

Joypurhat Railway Station was established in 1884 in the British Raj period. It is a very important railway station in the northern part of Bangladesh.

Education

The second girls' cadet college of Bangladesh is situated in Joypurhat named Joypurhat Girls Cadet College , established in 2005. R.B. Govt. High School is a reputed high school in Joypurhat. Joypurhat Govt. Girls' High School is also a reputed high school.

In Joypurhat District, tribal population account for approx. 2.25% of the population. Ethnic nationals: Santal, Orao, Munda, Mahali (Mahle), Koch, Pahan, Buna, Ho, Mahato, Rajbangshi etc. are noted tribes. Total tribal population: 48,000 (2001).

Religion

The district of Joypurhat has 2573 mosques, 186 mosque-based library, 675 trained Imam, 2200 Imam, 424 temples, 21 churches and 18 Buddhist temples. Hinda - Kasba Shahi Mosque is one such mosque in Joypurhat.

Literature

Joypurhat is a district of ancient civilization and culture organizations. In the time period of old and mid era, Joypurhat contained knowledge ruled and Gauri (গৌরী) literature. Bengali literature poet Jayadeva Goswami (জয়দেব গোস্বামী) is the piece child of Joypurhat.

Notable personalities
Name Name in Bengali Birthplace Notable works Time period
Poet Jayadeva Goswami কবি জয়দেব গোস্বামী Kendoil village, Joypurhat Sadar Upazila Geeti Gabinda Grontho (গীতি গবিন্দ গ্রন্থ) In the time period of King Lakshman Sen
Poet Arif Saha কবি আরিফ সাহা Kuzail karimpur, Khetlal Upazila Jingle tripadi(ত্রিপদী ছন্দ) 2nd decade of 20th century
Jashim Uddin munshi জসীম উদ্দীন মুন্সী Vadsha, Joypurhat Sadar Upazila Islam Missionary, Nachihate phucchaka(নছিহতে ফুচ্ছাক) British Raj
Poet Sarker কবি সরকার Khetlal Upazila Badal Mandal Manuscripts(বাদল মন্ডল পুথি) 19th century

In modern era Joypurhat contains many poets. Among them poet-litterateur:

  • Ataur Rahman (আতাউর রহমান)
  • Md Turab Hossain(মো:তুরাব হোসেন)
– Nazrul Criticism Book (নজরুল সমালোচনা)
  • Dr. Jahangir Chowdhury(ডঃ জাহাঙ্গীর চৌধুরী) – Modern Koryar Poem (আধুনিক কোরয়ার কবিতা)
  • Abbas Ali Khan(আববাছ আলী খান) – Smritir Sagore Dheu (স্মৃতির সাগরে ঢেউ)
  • Mohasin Ali Dewan(মহসীন আলী দেওয়ান)
  • Sahadat Hossain(সাহাদৎ হোসাইন)
  • Mozahar Hossain Jamalee(মোজাহার হোসেন জামালী) – Jeebon Nadir Bake Bake (জীবন নদীর বাঁকে বাঁকে)
  • S.M. Ansar Ali(এস এম আনছার আলী) – Je Agun Nive Na (যে আগুন নিভলোনা)
  • Playwright MD Alauddin(নাট্যকার মোঃ আলাউদ্দিন)
  • Rezaul Karim(রেজাউল করিম) – Porajito Shaliker Anusochona (পরাজিত শালিকের অনুশোচনা)
  • Sachindranath Barman(শচীন্দ্রনাথ বর্মন)
  • Tahura Begum(তহুরা বেগম)
  • Sayed Emdad Ali Dewan(সৈয়দ এমদাদ আলী দেওয়ান)
  • Abdus Chattar(আবদুস ছাত্তার)
  • Doctor Abu Haidar Sazedur Rahman ( Kuasha, Nayagra etc. )
  • Azizul Hauqe Biswas ( Obbacto Dristi )
  • Jaton Kumar Devnath ( Schorar Ghora )
  • Najrul Isalm ( Jiboner Bornomala )
  • Aminul Haque Babul ( Pothe Jete jete )
  • Kobita Pervin ( Nisha Bai )
  • Shahana Bithi ( Door Subas )
  • Mojammel Hossen ( Shuktara )
  • Roushon Ara Pervin ( Ghass Foring-er-Beye )
  • Abdus Sattar Mridha, akkelpur ( Onuswar Bisorgo Chondrabindu )
  • Mohammad Ali Masum ( protarona )

See also

References
  1. GeoHive Archived 2014-02-26 at the Wayback Machine
  2. Md Azizul Haq (2012). "Joypurhat District". In Sirajul Islam and Ahmed A. Jamal (ed.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  3. Kantho, Kaler. "'ড্রামা সার্কেল' প্রতিষ্ঠা করলেন আকবর | কালের কণ্ঠ". Kalerkantho (in Bengali). Retrieved 2018-05-26.
  4. "01 Joypurhat DC". Archived from the original on February 2, 2014. Retrieved January 8, 2014.
  5. "02 Joypurhat Mayor". Archived from the original on December 19, 2013. Retrieved January 8, 2014.
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