List of longest tunnels

This list of longest tunnels ranks tunnels that are at least 13 km (43,000 ft) long. Only continuous tunnels are included. Pipelines, even those that are buried, are excluded. The longest tunnels have been constructed for water distribution, followed by tunnels for railways.

World's longest tunnels (in use)
Type Name Location Length Year Comment
Water supply Delaware Aqueduct New York State, United States 137,000 m (85.1 mi) 1945 4.1 m in diameter (13.2 m2). New York City's main water supply tunnel.
Water supply Päijänne Water Tunnel Southern Finland, Finland 120,000 m (74.6 mi) 1982 16 m2 cross section. Main water supply tunnel for southern Finland, including Helsinki, drilled through solid rock.
Water supply Dahuofang Water Tunnel Liaoning Province, China 85,320 m (53.0 mi) 2009 8 m in diameter[1] (50m2 cross section)
Water supply Orange–Fish River Tunnel South Africa 82,800 m (51.4 mi) 1972 Longest continuous enclosed aqueduct in the Southern Hemisphere (22.5 m2 cross section). Built to divert water from the Orange River to the Great Fish River.
Water supply Bolmen Water Tunnel Kronoberg/Scania, Sweden 82,000 m (51.0 mi) 1987 8 m2 cross section
Hydroelectric Neelum Jhelum HydroPower Tunnel Muzaffarabad, Azad Kashmir Pakistan 68,000 m (42.3 mi) 2017 Part of the 969 MW Neelum Jhelum Hydropower Plant
Wastewater Tunel Emisor Oriente Mexico City, Mexico 62,500 m (38.8 mi) 2008-2014 Water management in Greater Mexico City. Longest wastewater tunnel.
Metro Guangzhou Metro Line 3 Guangzhou, China 57,930 m (36.0 mi) Excl. branch 2005-2018 Guangzhou Metro. Longest metro/rapid transit tunnel
Railway Twin Tube Gotthard Base Tunnel Central Swiss Alps, Switzerland 57,104 m (35.5 mi) and 57,017 m (35.4 mi) 2016 Longest railway tunnel; by geodetic distance (of 55.782 km (34.661 mi)) between the two portals, it is also the world's longest transit tunnel. Total 151.84 km (94.35 mi) of broken out tunnels through solid rocks.[2][3] Part of the NRLA.
Metro Beijing Subway Line 10 Beijing, China 57,100 m (35.5 mi) 2008-2012 Beijing Subway
Railway Single Tube Seikan Tunnel Tsugaru Strait, Japan 53,850 m (33.5 mi) 1988 74 m2; longest railway tunnel until 2016. Longest tunnel with an undersea section, running between Honshu and Hokkaido. Undersea section measures 23.3 kilometres (14.5 mi).
Water supply Želivka Water Tunnel[4] Central Bohemian Region, Czech Republic 51,075 m (31.7 mi) 1972 5 m2
Railway Twin Tube Channel Tunnel English Channel, United Kingdom/France 50,450 m (31.3 mi) 1994 Second longest railway tunnel until 2016. Longest underwater section, longest international tunnel (2×45 m2 + 1×18 m2), running between Folkestone, Kent, and Coquelles, Pas-de-Calais.
Railway Single Tube Yulhyeon Tunnel Seoul Capital Area, South Korea 50,300 m (31.3 mi)[5] 2016[6] 107 m2, part of the Suseo high-speed railway.
Water supply River Arpa – Lake Sevan tunnel[7] Armenia (at the time of construction Soviet Union) 48,314 m (30.0 mi) 1981 Longest tunnel built to restore ecological balance. Transfers water from Arpa River to the Lake Sevan to recover its level.[8]
Metro Seoul Subway: Line 5 Seoul, South Korea 47,600 m (29.6 mi) 1995 Longest metro/rapid transit tunnel until Guangzhou Metro Line 3 extension opened in 2010, crosses west to east under the Seoul Capital Area.
Water supply Pahang – Selangor Raw Water Transfer Project[9][10] Pahang & Selangor, Malaysia 44,600 m (27.7 mi) 2014 5.2 meters in diameter
Metro Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore): Downtown Line Singapore, Singapore 43,700 m (27.2 mi) 2017 Longest rapid transit line in South East Asia
Water supply #1 Tunnel, Yellow River Diversion to Shanxi North Line Shanxi, China 43,670 m (27.1 mi) 2011 See South–North Water Transfer Project
Water supply #7 Tunnel, Yellow River Diversion to Shanxi South Line Shanxi, China 43,500 m (27.0 mi) 2002 See South–North Water Transfer Project
Metro Nanjing Metro Line 3 Nanjing, China 41,567 m (25.8 mi) 2011-2015 From Xinghuolu station to Mozhoudonglu station.
Metro Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya Line (Altufyevo – Bulvar Dmitriya Donskogo) Moscow Metro, Russia (construction started at the time of Soviet Union) 41,500 m (25.8 mi) 1983–2002
Metro Madrid Metro: Line 12 (MetroSur) Madrid, Spain 40,900 m (25.4 mi) 1999–2003
Metro Tocho-mae - Shiodome - Hikarigaoka (Toei Oedo Line) Tokyo, Japan 40,700 m (25.3 mi) 1991–2000 Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation
Metro Shanghai Subway: Line 7 Shanghai, China 40,200 m (25.0 mi) 2009-2011
Hydroelectric Kárahnjúkar Hydropower Plant Fljótsdalshreppur, Iceland 39,700 m (24.7 mi) 2003–2007 7.2-7.6 meters in diameter (45m2 cross section). Part of a wider complex of tunnels that are 72 kilometers in length combined
Water supply Quabbin Aqueduct Massachusetts, United States 39,600 m (24.6 mi) 1897–1905
Metro Chengdu Metro Line 2 Chengdu, China 38,643 m (24.0 mi)(Excl. branch) 2007-2013 Only include phase 1 and phase 2
Metro Seoul Subway: Line 3 (Apgujeong-Ogeum) Seoul, South Korea 38,200 m (23.7 mi) 1985-2010
Metro Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya Line (Novoyasenevskaya – Medvedkovo) Moscow Metro, Russia (at the time of construction Soviet Union) 37,800 m (23.5 mi) 1958–1990 Longest railway tunnel 1978–1984 and from November 1987 till March 1988; longest metro/rapid transit tunnel 1990–1995
Metro Shenzhen Subway: Luobao Line Shenzhen, China 37,497 m (23.3 mi) 2009-2011
Water supply Harold D. Roberts Tunnel[11] Colorado, United States 37,464 m (23.3 mi) 1956-1962 Diverts water from Colorado River watershed to South Platte River watershed for use in Denver metropolitan area. Flows across Continental Divide. 4,465 feet (1,361 m) below the surface at its deepest point.
Metro Shenzhen Subway: Shekou Line Shenzhen, China 36,146 m (22.5 mi) 2010-2011
Water supply Dawushan Tunnel, Niulan River Diversion to Dianchi Yunnan, China 36,137 m (22.5 mi) 2013
Metro Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore): Circle Line Singapore, Singapore 35,700 m (22.2 mi) 2009-2012
Metro Busan Metro: Line 2 (Dongwon-Jangsan) Busan, South Korea 35,500 m (22.1 mi) 1999-2009
Railway Songshan Lake Tunnel[12] Dongguan, China 35,391 m (22.0 mi) 2016 Dongguan–Huizhou Intercity Railway
Metro Seoul Subway: Line 6 Seoul, South Korea 35,100 m (21.8 mi) 2001
Metro Seoul Subway: Line 7 (Cheongdam-Bupyeong-gu Office) Seoul, Incheon, Bucheon and Gwangmyeong in South Korea 35,100 m (21.8 mi) 2000-2012
Railway Single Track Lötschberg Base Tunnel Bernese Alps, Switzerland 34,577 m (21.5 mi) 2007 Longest land railway tunnel until Gotthard Base Tunnel was opened; two single track tubes along 12 km, only single track along 22 km. Part of the NRLA.
Water supply Tyne-Tees Tunnel England, United Kingdom 34,000 m (21.1 mi) 1983 (and earlier) Northumbrian water supply tunnel.
Metro Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya Line (Zyablikovo – Seligerskaya) Moscow Metro, Russia 33,400 m (20.8 mi) 1995–2018
Metro Madrid Metro: Line 7 Madrid, Spain 32,919 m (20.5 mi) 1974–2007
Railway Twin Tube New Guanjiao Tunnel Qinghai, China 32,645 m (20.3 mi) 2014[13] Longest tunnel on the upgraded dual-track Xining–Golmud section of Qinghai–Tibet Railway, longest railway tunnel in China, 3323.58–3380.97 meters above sea level
Metro Meijo Line - Meikō Line Nagoya Municipal Subway, Japan 32,400 m (20.1 mi) 1965–2004
Metro Guangzhou Subway: Line 2 Guangzhou, China 32,000 m (19.9 mi) 2010
Metro Rathaus Spandau-Rudow (U7) Berlin U-Bahn, Germany 31,800 m (19.8 mi) 1924–1984
Metro Seoul Metropolitan Subway: Bundang Line (Seoul Forest-Jukjeon) Seoul, Seongnam and Yongin in South Korea 31,400 m (19.5 mi) 1994–2012
Metro Daegu Metro: Line 2 Daegu and Gyeongsan in South Korea 31,400 m (19.5 mi) 2005–2012
Metro Beijing Subway: Line 1 Beijing, China 31,040 m (19.3 mi) 1971–1987
Metro Beijing Subway: Line 4 Beijing, China 30,950 m (19.2 mi) 2009–2010
Metro Côte-Vertu - Montmorency (Line 2 Orange) Montreal Metro, Canada 30,798 m (19.1 mi) 1966–2007
Metro Shanghai Subway: Line 2 Shanghai, China 30,187 m (18.8 mi) 2000
Metro Parnas - Kupchino (line 2) Saint Petersburg Metro, Russia (at the time of construction Soviet Union) 30,100 m (18.7 mi) 1961–2006
Metro Guangzhou Subway: Line 5 Guangzhou, China 29,900 m (18.6 mi) 2009
Water supply Shandaken Tunnel Catskill Mountains, New York, United States 29,780 m (18.5 mi) 1916-1924
Metro Shanghai Subway: Line 8 Shanghai, China 29,650 m (18.4 mi) 2007–2009
Metro Prospekt Veteranov - Devyatkino (line 1) Saint Petersburg Metro, Russia (at the time of construction Soviet Union) 29,600 m (18.4 mi) 1955–1978
Metro Shanghai Subway: Line 10 Shanghai, China 29,600 m (18.4 mi) 2010
Water supply Evinos - Mornos Tunnel[14][15] Aetolia-Acarnania, Greece 29,400 m (18.3 mi) 1992–1995
Water supply Hultman Aqueduct[16] Eastern Massachusetts, United States 28,640 m (17.8 mi) 1939 11.5 ft (3.5 m) to 14 ft (4.3 m) diameter (15m2 cross section); offline for rehabilitation
Metro Sydney Metro Northwest Sydney, Australia 28,500 m (17.7 mi) 2019 The line incorporates the existing 13 km Epping to Chatswood rail link. It forms part of the wider Sydney Metro project.
Railway Twin Tube Guadarrama Tunnel[17] Sierra de Guadarrama, Spain 28,377 m (17.6 mi) 2007
Water supply MetroWest Water Supply Tunnel[18] Eastern Massachusetts, United States 28,300 m (17.6 mi) 1996–2003 14 ft (4.3 m) diameter (15m2 cross section)
Railway Twin Tube West Qinling Tunnel Gansu(China) 28,236 m (17.5 mi) 2016 Chongqing–Lanzhou Railway
Metro Taipei Metro: Blue Line Taipei, Taiwan 28,200 m (17.5 mi) 1999–2015
Metro Seoul Subway: Line 9 (Gimpo Airport-Sports Complex) Seoul, South Korea 28,100 m (17.5 mi) 2009-2015
Railway Single Tube Taihang Tunnel[19] Taihang Mountains, China 27,848 m (17.3 mi) 2007 On Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan high-speed railway
Metro Morden - East Finchley (Northern line) London Underground, England, United Kingdom 27,800 m (17.3 mi) 1890–1940 Longest railway tunnel in UK
Metro Shenyang Subway: Line 1 Shenyang, China 27,800 m (17.3 mi) 2010
Metro Seoul Metropolitan Subway: Incheon Line 1 (Bakchon-International Business District) Incheon, South Korea 27,000 m (16.8 mi) 1999–2009
Metro Dainichi-Nagahara (Tanimachi Line) Osaka Metro, Japan 26,900 m (16.7 mi) 1967–1983
Particle accelerator LEP Tunnel[20] CERN, Switzerland/France 26,659 m (16.6 mi) 1988 (breakthrough) 11.3–15.9 m2 circular ring, now used by Large Hadron Collider
Metro İstanbul Metro (Line M4) İstanbul, Turkey 26,500 m (16.5 mi) 2012
Railway Single Tube Hakkōda Tunnel (Tōhoku Shinkansen) Hakkōda Mountains, Japan 26,455 m (16.4 mi) 2010 64–74 m2
Water supply Şanlıurfa Irrigation Tunnels Turkey 26,400 m (16.4 mi) 2005 [21]
Metro Shanghai Subway: Line 9 Shanghai, China 26,263 m (16.3 mi) 2007–2010
Hydroelectric Gilgel Gibe II Power Station headrace tunnel Ethiopia 26,000 m (16.2 mi) 2005–2009 Tunnel partially collapsed, was repaired in 2010.[22][23]
Water supply #5 Tunnel, Yellow River Diversion to Shanxi South Line Shanxi, China 26,000 m (16.2 mi) 2002 See South–North Water Transfer Project
Metro Daegu Metro: Line 1 Daegu, South Korea 25,900 m (16.1 mi) 1997–2002
Metro MRT Blue Line Bangkok, Thailand 25,800 m (16.0 mi) 2004 Second phase will be open in April 2019
Railway Single Tube Iwate-Ichinohe Tunnel Ōu Mountains, Japan 25,810 m (16.0 mi) 2002
Water supply Sudbury Aqueduct Eastern Massachusetts, United States 25,750 m (16.0 mi) 1878 Emergency backup use
Metro Suzhou Rail Transit: Line 1 Suzhou, China 25,739 m (16.0 mi) 2007–2011
Road Lærdal Tunnel Lærdal - Aurland, Norway 24,510 m (15.2 mi) 2000 The longest road tunnel in the world
Metro Yellow Line (Delhi Metro): GTB Nagar - Qutub Minar[24] Delhi, India 24,000 m (14.9 mi) 2004–2010 Longest tunnel in India
Metro Chengdu Metro Line 1 Chengdu, China 23,900 m (14.9 mi)Excl. branch 2005-2015 Only include phase 1 and phase 2
Metro Madrid Metro: Line 1 Madrid, Spain 23,876 m (14.8 mi) 1919–2007
Railway Lainzer/Wienerwaldtunnel west of Vienna, Austria 23,844 m (14.8 mi) 2012 Breakthrough 2007-09-03
Sewerage Harbour Area Treatment Scheme (HATS) Stage 1[25] Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong Island, Kowloon, Tsuen Wan, Tsing Yi and Stonecutters Island, Hong Kong 23,600 m (14.7 mi) 2001
Water supply Eucumbene-Snowy Tunnel[26][27] NSW, Australia 23,500 m (14.6 mi) 1965 Part of the 145 km tunnel network of the Snowy Mountains Scheme
Metro Madrid Metro: Line 6 Madrid, Spain 23,472 m (14.6 mi) 1979–2007
Metro Angrignon - Honoré-Beaugrand (Line 1 Green) Montreal Metro, Canada 23,262 m (14.5 mi) 1966–2007
Metro Warsaw Metro Line 1: Kabaty - Młociny Warsaw, Poland 23,100 m (14.4 mi) 1983–2008
Metro Beijing Subway: Line 2 Beijing, China 23,100 m (14.4 mi) 1969–1987
Hydroelectric Xinma Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel Sichuan, China 22,975 m (14.3 mi) 2009
Metro Chengdu Metro Line 4 Chengdu, China 22,400 m (13.9 mi)Excl. branch 2012-2015 Only include phase 1
Railway Iiyama Tunnel[28] Iiyama, Japan 22,225 m (13.8 mi) 2015
Railway Daishimizu Tunnel Mount Tanigawa, Japan 22,221 m (13.8 mi) 1982 Longest railway tunnel until Seikan Tunnel was opened.
Water supply Eucumbene-Tumut Tunnel[26] NSW, Australia 22,200 m (13.8 mi) 1959 Part of the 145 km tunnel network of the Snowy Mountains Scheme
Metro Taipei Metro: Orange Line (Fu Jen University - Nanshijiao) Taipei, Taiwan 25,100 m (15.6 mi) 1998–2015
Railway Daegwallyeong Tunnel Pyeongchang-Gangneung (Gyeonggang Line) 21,755 m (13.5 mi) 2017[29]
Water supply Vorotan-Arpa Tunnel[30] Armenia 21,652 m (13.5 mi) 2004
Particle accelerator (incomplete) UNK proton accelerator Protvino (near Moscow), Russia 21,000 m (13.0 mi) 1994 (breakthrough) Construction stopped after finishing of main circle tunnel, future is unclear
Metro Guangfo Metro Foshan, China 20,900 m (13.0 mi) 2010
Railway Twin Tube Luliangshan Tunnel Shanxi, China 20,785 m (12.9 mi) 2011 2 tubes, left tube is 20785 meters, right tube is 20738 meters
Metro Shanghai Subway: Line 4 Shanghai, China 20,740 m (12.9 mi) 2005–2007
Metro Barcelona Metro: Line 1 Barcelona, Spain 20,700 m (12.9 mi) 1926–1992
Metro Busan Metro: Line 1 (Hadan-Busan Nat'l Univ. of Education) Busan, South Korea 20,600 m (12.8 mi) 1985–1994
Metro Xian Subway: Line 2 Xian, China 20,500 m (12.7 mi) 2011
Metro Daejeon Metro: Line 1 Daejeon, South Korea 20,470 m (12.7 mi) 2006–2007
Metro Nanjing Subway: Line 2 Nanjing, China 20,380 m (12.7 mi) 2010
Metro Shanghai Subway: Line 6 Shanghai, China 20,336 m (12.6 mi) 2007
Hydroelectric Ward Tunnel California, United States 20,610 m (12.8 mi) 1920–1925 Part of the Big Creek Hydroelectric Project of the Southern California Edison Company. Excavated through solid granite.
Railway Geumjeong Tunnel[31] Busan, South Korea 20,323 m (12.6 mi) 2010 Gyeongbu High Speed Railway
Railway Twin Tube Wushaoling Tunnel Wuwei, China 20,060 m (12.5 mi) 2006–2007 Twin Tube, left tube is 20060 meters, right tube is 20050 meters
Electric power transmission tunnel The London Connection[32] London, England, United Kingdom 20,000 m (12.4 mi) 2005[33] National Grid plc, 3-metre diameter, 400 kilovolt circuit
Metro Taipei Metro: Orange Line (Luzhou - Nanshijiao) Taipei, Taiwan 19,600 m (12.2 mi) 1998–2010
Railway Twin Tube Simplon Tunnel Lepontine Alps, Switzerland/Italy 19,803 m (12.3 mi) 1906 A parallel tunnel was opened in 1922 (19,824 m long); Longest transit tunnel until Daishimizu Tunnel was opened. Part of the NRLA.
Metro Koltsevaya Line (Circle Line) Moscow Metro, Russia (at the time of construction Soviet Union) 19,400 m (12.1 mi) 1950–1954
Hydroelectric Futang Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel Wenchuan, Sichuan, China 19,319 m (12.0 mi) 2009
Metro Seoul Metropolitan Subway: Bundang Line (Suwon Station-Jukjeon Station) Yongin and Suwon in South Korea 19,300 m (12.0 mi) 2007–2013
Railway Single Tube Qamchiq Tunnel[34] Angren–Pap railway, Uzbekistan 19,200 m (11.9 mi) 2016 Longest non-metro railway tunnel in ex-USSR
Metro Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore): North East Line Singapore, Singapore 19,200 m (11.9 mi) 2003–2011 World's first fully automated and driverless underground rapid transit line
Metro Suzhou Rail Transit: Line 2 Suzhou, China 19,146 m (11.9 mi) 2009–2012
Metro Maskoŭskaja Line Minsk Metro, Belarus (at the time of construction Soviet Union) 19,100 m (11.9 mi) 1984-2014
Railway Single Track Vereina Silvretta, Switzerland 19,058 m (11.8 mi) 1999 Single track with passing loops, metre gauge
Metro Seoul Subway: Line 4 (Ssangmun-Ichon) Seoul, South Korea 19,000 m (11.8 mi) 1980
Railway Shin-Kanmon Tunnel Kanmon Straits, Japan 18,713 m (11.6 mi) 1975
Hydroelectric Shiziping Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel Sichuan, China 18,712 m (11.6 mi) 2009
Sewerage Harbour Area Treatment Scheme (HATS) Stage 2[35] Wah Fu, Kennedy Town, Victoria City, North Point and Stonecutters Island, Hong Kong 18,800 m (11.7 mi) 2015
Railway Single Tube Vaglia Bologna - Firenze, Italy 18,711 m (11.6 mi) 2009 Bologna–Florence high-speed railway
Hydroelectric Baoxing Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel Sichuan, China 18,676 m (11.6 mi) 2007
Railway Single Tube Apennine Base Tunnel Tuscan-Emilian Apennines, Italy 18,507 m (11.5 mi) 1934
Metro Obolonsko–Teremkivska line Kyiv Metro, Ukraine (at the time of construction Soviet Union) 18,480 m (11.5 mi) 1976
Railway Twin Tube Qinling Tunnel I-II Qin Mountains, China 18,460 m (11.5 mi) 2000 Twin tubes, left tube is 18460 meters, right tube is 18456 meters[36]
Hydroelectric Tatev Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel Armenia (at the time of construction Soviet Union) 18,400 m (11.4 mi) 1970
Road Twin Tube Yamate Tunnel Tokyo, Japan 18,200 m (11.3 mi) 2015
Metro Shanghai Subway: Line 1 Shanghai, China 18,110 m (11.3 mi) 1995
Metro Avtozavodskaya Line Minsk Metro, Belarus (at the time of construction Soviet Union) 18,100 m (11.2 mi) 1990-2005
Road Twin Tube Zhongnanshan China 18,040 m (11.2 mi) 2007 The longest road tunnel in China
Metro Line 2 (Athens Metro)[37] Athens, Greece 17,900 m (11.1 mi) 1991–2013
Metro Line 3 (Athens Metro)[37] Athens, Greece 17,800 m (11.1 mi) 1991–2013 Line 3 is actually 41 km long, but only 17.8 km of it are underground.
Metro Beijing Subway: Line 5 Beijing, China 17,825 m (11.1 mi) 2007
Road Jingpingshan Sichuan, China 17,500 m (10.9 mi) 2008 The deepest transportation tunnel in China
Metro Shenzhen Subway: Longgang Line Shenzhen, China 17,333 m (10.8 mi) 2010–2011
Metro Kholodnohirsko–Zavodska Line Kharkiv Metro, Ukraine (at the time of construction Soviet Union) 17,300 m (10.7 mi) 1975
Metro Seoul Metropolitan Subway: Shinbundang Line Seoul and Seongnam in South Korea 17,300 m (10.7 mi) 2011
Water supply Mavi Tünel (Blue Tunnel)[38] Konya, Turkey 17,034 m (10.6 mi) 2012 Breakthrough 2007
Road Gotthard Road Tunnel Lepontine Alps, Switzerland 16,918 m (10.5 mi) 1980
Metro Guangzhou Metro: Line 4 Guangzhou, China 16,790 m (10.4 mi) 2005
Metro Barcelona Metro: Line 4 Barcelona, Spain 16,700 m (10.4 mi) 1929–1999
Metro Barcelona Metro: Line 3 Barcelona, Spain 16,600 m (10.3 mi) 1924–2001
Metro Seoul Subway: Line 2 (Jamsil-Sillim) Seoul, South Korea 16,700 m (10.4 mi) 1980–1984
Metro Barcelona Metro: Line 5 Barcelona, Spain 16,600 m (10.3 mi) 1959–1983
Water supply Murrumbidgee-Eucumbene Tunnel[26] NSW, Australia 16,600 m (10.3 mi) 1961 Part of the 145 km tunnel network of the Snowy Mountains Scheme
Metro Ankara Metro (Kizilay-Çayyolu) Ankara, Turkey 16,590 m (10.3 mi) 2002–2014
Metro İstanbul Metro (Line M2) İstanbul, Turkey 16,500 m (10.3 mi) 2000–2009
Metro Beijing Subway: Line 9 Beijing, China 16,500 m (10.3 mi) 2011–2012
Hydroelectric Jinkang Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel Sichuan, China 16,490 m (10.2 mi) 2006
Metro Madrid Metro: Line 8 Madrid, Spain 16,467 m (10.2 mi) 1998–2007
Metro Guangzhou Metro: Line 1 Guangzhou, China 16,449 m (10.2 mi) 1997
Metro Madrid Metro: Line 3 Madrid, Spain 16,424 m (10.2 mi) 1939–2007
Railway Rokkō Tunnel[39] Mount Rokkō, Japan 16,250 m (10.1 mi) 1972
Railway Solan Tunnel[40] Taebaek, Gangwon-do, South Korea 16,240 m (10.1 mi) 2012 Taebaek Line, includes a spiral; breakthrough 2006-12-07
Metro Seoul Subway: Line 7 (Suraksan-Konkuk University) Seoul, South Korea 16,000 m (9.9 mi) 1996
Railway Münsterertunnel Tyrol, Austria 15,990 m (9.9 mi) 2012 Longest tunnel in Austria.
Metro İstanbul Metro (Line M3) İstanbul, Turkey 15,900 m (9.9 mi) 2013
Railway Terfnertunnel Tyrol, Austria 15,840 m (9.8 mi) 2012
Former railway Henderson Tunnel[41][42] Front Range, United States 15,800 m (9.8 mi) 1976 Narrow gauge railway, replaced by a conveyor belt in 1999. Only one portal (served an underground mine)[43]
Water supply Pandaoling Tunnel, Datong River Diversion to Shaanxi Project China 15,723 m (9.8 mi) 1994
Metro Copenhagen Metro: City Circle Line Denmark 15,500 m (9.6 mi) 2019 Longest railway tunnel in Denmark and Scandinavia
Metro Budapest Metro: Line 3[44] Hungary 15,500 m (9.6 mi) 1976-1990 Line 3 is actually 17.39 km long, but only 15.5 km of it is underground.
Railway Single Track Furka Base Urner Alps, Switzerland 15,442 m (9.6 mi) 1982 Single track with passing loops, metre gauge
Railway Twin Tube Ceneri Base Tunnel Lepontine Alps, Switzerland 15,400 m (9.6 mi) 2020 Part of the NRLA
Metro Seoul Subway: Line 3 (Gupabal-Geumho) Seoul, South Korea 15,400 m (9.6 mi) 1985
Metro Tianjin Subway: Line 1 Tianjin, China 15,378 m (9.6 mi) 1976–2006
Railway Haruna Gunma Prefecture, Japan 15,350 m (9.5 mi) 1982
Railway Single Track Severomuysky Tunnel Severomuysky Range, Russia 15,343 m (9.5 mi) 2003
Waterwaste Deer Island Outfall Tunnel[45] Deer Island, Boston, Massachusetts, United States 15,290 m (9.5 mi) 2000 24 ft (7.3 m) diameter (42m2 cross section); discharges treated effluent into Atlantic Ocean
Railway Single Tube Firenzuola Bologna - Firenze, Italy 15,285 m (9.5 mi) 2009 Bologna–Florence high-speed railway
Hydroelectric Inguri Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel Georgia (at the time of construction Soviet Union) 15,279 m (9.5 mi) 1978
Metro Shanghai Subway: Line 2 Shanghai, China 15,274 m (9.5 mi) 2000 Between Zhanjianggaoke station and Lingkong Station
Water supply Jinquidi Tunnel, Niulan River Diversion to Dianchi Yunnan, China 15,257 m (9.5 mi) 2013
Metro Beijing Subway: Line 8 Beijing, China 15,200 m (9.4 mi) 2008–2011
Hydroelectric Baotan Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel Guangxi, China 15,200 m (9.4 mi) 2010
Railway Gorigamine Tunnel[39] Takasaki - Nagano, Japan 15,175 m (9.4 mi) 1997
Hydroelectric Xuecheng Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel[46] Sichuan, China 15,174 m (9.4 mi) 2007
Railway Single Track Monte Santomarco Paola - Cosenza, Italy 15,040 m (9.3 mi) 1987
Railway Single Tube Gotthard Rail Tunnel Lepontine Alps, Switzerland 15,003 m (9.3 mi) 1882 Longest transit tunnel until Simplon Tunnel was opened.
Metro Gwangju Metro: Line 1 (Hakdong·Jeungsimsa-GwangjuSongjeong) Gwangju, South Korea 15,000 m (9.3 mi) 2004
Railway Nakayama Tunnel Gunma Prefecture, Japan 14,857 m (9.2 mi) 1982 Jōetsu Shinkansen
Water supply Dangara Irrigation Tunnel[47] Nurek, Tajikistan (at the time of construction Soviet Union) 14,800 m (9.2 mi) 1987
Railway Cuajone-El Sargento Ilo-Toquepala / Cuajone Industrial Railroad - Southern Peru Copper Corporation, Peru 14,724 m (9.1 mi)[48] 1975
Railway Single Track Mount Macdonald Tunnel Rogers Pass, Glacier National Park, Canada 14,723 m (9.1 mi) 1989
Railway Single Tube Lötschberg Tunnel Alps, Switzerland 14,612 m (9.1 mi) 1913
Water supply Caoe River Diversion Project Zhejiang, China 14,600 m (9.1 mi) 2011
Railway Single Tube Romerike Tunnel Oslo - Lillestrøm, Norway 14,580 m (9.1 mi) 1999
Water supply Snowy-Geehi Tunnel[26] NSW, Australia 14,500 m (9.0 mi) 1966 Part of the 145 km tunnel network of the Snowy Mountains Scheme
Metro Seoul Metropolitan Subway: Line 4 (Isu-Beomgye) Seoul, Gwacheon and Anyang in South Korea 14,500 m (9.0 mi) 1980–1994
Hydroelectric Jisha Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel Yunnan, China 14,467 m (9.0 mi) 2007
Road Twin tube Ryfylke Tunnel Stavanger-Strand, Norway 14,400 m (8.9 mi) 2019 Longest underwater road tunnel in the world
Water supply #6 Tunnel, Yellow River Diversion to Shanxi South Line Shanxi, China 14,400 m (8.9 mi) 2002 See South–North Water Transfer Project
Water supply Ala Mountain Pass Water Supply Project Xinjiang, China 14,346 m (8.9 mi) 2010
Road Twin Tube Mount Ovit Tunnel[49] Erzurum Province-Rize Province, Turkey 14,346 m (8.9 mi) 2018
Metro Stockholm Metro: Tunnelbana 3 (Blue Line) Kungsträdgården-Hjulsta Stockholm, Sweden 14,300 m (8.9 mi) 1975–1977
Railway Single Tube Dayaoshan Tunnel[50] Nanling Mountains, China 14,294 m (8.9 mi) 1987
Hydroelectric Zaramag Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel[51][52] Ardon River, North Ossetia, Russia 14,226 m (8.8 mi) 2015[53]
Water supply Tooma-Tumut Tunnel[26] NSW, Australia 14,200 m (8.8 mi) 1961 Part of the 145 km tunnel network of the Snowy Mountains Scheme
Metro Guangzhou Subway: Line 8 Guangzhou, China 14,200 m (8.8 mi) 2003–2010
Metro Metro Lisbon - Blue (Seagull) Line Lisbon, Portugal 14,000 m (8.7 mi) 1959–2007
Metro MTR - Island Line (West of Heng Fa Chuen) Victoria City, Hong Kong 14,000 m (8.7 mi) 1985/1986/2014
Road Arlberg Road Tunnel Arlberg, Austria 13,972 m (8.7 mi) 1978
Water supply Shanggongshan Tunnel, Zhangjiuhe Water Supply Project Yunnan, China 13,941 m (8.7 mi) 2007
Hydroelectric Dayingshan #4 Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel Yunnan, China 13,932 m (8.7 mi) 2009 8.5 meters in diameter (57m2 cross section)
Railway Hokuriku Tunnel Fukui Prefecture, Japan 13,870 m (8.6 mi) 1962 Hokuriku Main Line
Railway Single Tube Xiapu Tunnel Fujian, China 13,838 m (8.6 mi) 2009
Railway Twin Tube Yesanguan Tunnel Hubei, China 13,838 m (8.6 mi) 2010 Tube I: 13838 meters, tube II: 13796 meters
Hydroelectric Centrala Hidroelectrică Lotru-Ciunget Ciungetu, Romania 13,719 m (8.5 mi) 1972 concrete tunnel with a diameter of 5 meters
Road Twin Tube Xishan Tunnel Shanxi, China 13,654 m (8.5 mi) 2012 Left tube: 13654 meters, right tube: 13570 meters
Railway Single Tube Fréjus (Mont Cenis) Alps, France/Italy 13,636 m (8.5 mi) 1871
Railway Single Tube North Tianshan Tunnel Xinjiang, China 13,610 m (8.5 mi) 2009
Railway Marmaray Istanbul, Turkey 13,600 m (8.5 mi) 2013 Built next to a fault zone, between two continents
Railway Single Track Savio Rail Tunnel Helsinki - Kerava, Finland 13,575 m (8.4 mi) 2008
Metro Busan Metro: Line 3 (Suyeong-Deokcheon) Busan, South Korea 13,500 m (8.4 mi) 2005
Railway Twin Tube Shin Shimizu Tunnel[39] Mount Tanigawa, Japan 13,500 m (8.4 mi) 1967
Railway Single Track Hex River Tunnel[54] Hex River Pass, South Africa 13,400 m (8.3 mi) 1989
Railway Wonhyo Tunnel[55][56] Ulsan, South Korea 13,270 m (8.2 mi) 2010 Gyeongbu High Speed Railway
Railway Single Tube Dabieshan Tunnel Hubei, China 13,256 m (8.2 mi) 2008
Railway Schlern Tunnel[57] South Tyrol, Italy 13,159 m (8.2 mi) 1993
Railway Single Tube Caponero-Capoverde Genova - Ventimiglia, Italy 13,135 m (8.2 mi) 2001 Includes an underground station ("San Remo")
Road Twin Tube Hongtiguan Tunnel Shanxi, China 13,122 m (8.2 mi) 2013 Left tube: 13122 meters, right tube: 13098 meters
Metro Barcelona Metro Line 2 Barcelona, Spain 13,100 m (8.1 mi) 1985–1997
Railway Aki Tunnel San'yō Shinkansen, Japan 13,030 m (8.1 mi) 1975
Many more tunnels exist that are shorter than 13 kilometres (8 mi)

World's longest tunnels (under construction)
Type Name Location Length Year Comment
Water Supply Yunnan–Guizhou Water Tunnel Yunnan, China 661,000 m (410.7 mi) 2025 Inter river basin water transfer[58][59]
Water Supply New York City Water Tunnel No. 3 New York State, United States 96,560 m (60.0 mi) 2020 More water supply for New York City. Already in use; at completion it will be the world's third longest tunnel
Metro Paris Metro Line 15 Paris Petite Couronne, France 75,000 m (46.6 mi) 2022–2030 Circular line; will form the longest subway tunnel.
Metro Bolshaya Koltsevaya line Moscow Metro, Russia 69,000 m (42.9 mi)[60] 2018–2023 Circular line
Railway Twin Tube Mont d'Ambin Base Tunnel Cottian Alps, France – Italy 57,500 m (35.7 mi) 2029 Part of the Lyon-Turin high-speed railway. Reconnaissance tunnels under construction since 2002; construction of main tunnel started in 2016[61]
Railway Twin Tube Brenner Base Tunnel Stubai Alps, Austria – Italy 55,000 m (34.2 mi) 2028[62] Construction started in March 2015. Together with the already constructed Inntal Tunnel it will form the world's longest continuous railway tunnel with 64 km.[63][64]
Metro L9 / L10 Barcelona, Spain 43,710 m (27.2 mi) 2009–2016 (partially) The total system will have a length of 47.8 km, of which 43.71 km is underground and 4.09 km is on viaducts. Northern section of the line is in operation since 2009-12-13. Southern section of the line is in operation since 2016-02-12. Future of central section is unclear.
Metro Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore): Thomson-East Coast Line Singapore, Singapore 43,000 m (26.7 mi) 2024 Excluding planned extension
Mineral transportation Woodsmith Mine Tunnel Potash Project Mineral Transport System (MTS) North York Moors, United Kingdom 36,700 m (22.8 mi)[65] 2021 6 m in diameter[66] incorporating conveyor and maintenance access. Start of construction was planned for 2016, but actually started in April 2019.[67][68]
Railway Gaoligongshan Tunnel Yunnan, China 34,586 m (21.5 mi) 2022 Railway between Dali and Ruili. Construction started in August 2017.[69]
Railway Twin Tube Koralm Tunnel Koralpe, Austria 32,900 m (20.4 mi) 2026[70] Part of Koralm Railway; boring of main tunnel started at the west portal May 2010[71]
Railway Twin Tube Semmering Base Tunnel Lower Austria/Styria, Austria 27,300 m (17.0 mi) 2027[72] Construction of the first contract section started January 2014.[73] Will cut travel time between Vienna and Graz by 30 minutes and is part of the Baltic-Adriatic Corridor
Road Rogfast tunnel Randaberg-Kvitsøy-Bokn, Norway 26,700 m (16.6 mi) 2031[74] Construction started in January 2018, halted October 2019 due to expected cost overruns, revised plan and 48% cost increase approved November 2020, construction to restart late 2021.[74][75] Will be the longest road tunnel in the world, and also the deepest undersea tunnel, 392 metres (1,286 ft) below sea level.
Water Supply Melamchi Water Tunnel Melamchi to Kathmandu, Nepal 26,000 m (16.2 mi) 2021[76] Under construction, financed by Asian Development Bank
Railway Musil Tunnel[77][78] Wonju-Jecheon (Jungang Line), South Korea 25,080 m (15.6 mi) 2020[79] Work slated to start June 2011
Railway Twin Tube Pajares Base Tunnel Principado de Asturias and León, Spain 24,667 m (15.3 mi) (??) Breakthrough 2008; opening date in question due to severe water leakage and lowering of local water tables[80]
Water Supply Mae Taeng–Mae Ngat Tunnel[81] Chiang Mai, Thailand 25,624 m (15.9 mi) 2021 4.00 m in diameter. This tunnel is a part of "Mae Taeng–Mae Ngat–Mae Kuang Diversion Tunnel Project"
Water Supply Mae Ngat–Mae Kuang Tunnel[81] Chiang Mai, Thailand 22,975 m (14.3 mi) 2021 4.20 m in diameter. This tunnel is a part of "Mae Taeng–Mae Ngat–Mae Kuang Diversion Tunnel Project"
Railway Follo Line Oslo, Norway 19,500 m (12.1 mi) 2022[82] Groundbreaking 2014[83]
Road WestConnex Sydney, Australia 19,000 m (11.8 mi) 2023
(2019 partial completion)		 New M4 Tunnels opened 2019, WestConnex M8 opened 2020
Road Förbifart Stockholm[84] Stockholm, Sweden 16,500 m (10.3 mi) 2030[85] Construction started in August 2014
Road New Mount Zigana Tunnel Torul-Maçka, Turkey 14,481 m (9.0 mi)[86] 2020 Construction started in April 2016
Road Zoji-la Tunnel Zoji La Pass, India 14,200 m (8.8 mi)[87] 2026 Construction started in May 2018
Metro MRT Orange Line[88] Bangkok, Thailand 13,770 m (8.6 mi) 2023 Orange Line Phase 1
Possibly incomplete table. Many more tunnels are under construction that will be shorter than 13 kilometres (8 mi)

World's longest tunnels (advanced planning stage)
Type Name Location Length Year Comment
Road & Rail Taiwan Strait Tunnel  Taiwan/ China

Taiwan Strait

 150,000 m

(93.2 mi)

 ??? Plans to link Taiwan and Mainland China as part of the G3 Beijing–Taipei Expressway. Approved since 2013 on Chinese side
Railway Bohai Strait tunnel Bohai Strait, China 123,000 m (76.4 mi) ??? Tunnel between Dalian on the Liaodong Peninsula and Yantai on the Shandong Peninsula.
Railway Talsinki

Helsinki, Finland – Tallinn, Estonia

 100,000 m (62.1 mi) after 2030 Awaiting financing
Water supply Qinling Tunnel, Han River Diversion to Wei River Shaanxi, China 98,300 m (61.1 mi) ???
Metro Athens Metro Line 4[89] Athens, Greece 33,000 m (20.5 mi) 2028 Start of construction planned for 2019
Metro Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore): Cross Island Line Singapore, Singapore 29,000 m (18 mi)[90] (Phase 1 only) 2029 (Phase 1)

2030/2031 (Phase 2)

 Start of Phase 1 construction planned for 2020[90]

Phase 2 route not announced

Railway Barrandov Tunnel Prague – Beroun 24,700 m (15.3 mi)[91] ??? Project is on hold
Railway and electricity Grimsel Tunnel Grimsel Pass 21,720 m (13.5 mi)[92] 2025/2026 Feasibility study
Railway Pacheco Pass Tunnels Pacheco Pass, California, United States 13 miles (21,000 m) 2031 to be built as part of the California High-Speed Rail project
Road and railway Fehmarn Belt Fixed Link Germany–Denmark 17,600 m (10.9 mi) 2028[93] Start of construction planned for 2020[94]
Road twin tube Kresna Gorge Tunnel[95] Kresna, Bulgaria 15,400 m (9.6 mi) cancelled Part of Struma motorway, connecting Sofia and Athens.
Road twin tube Agua Negra Tunnel Chile–Argentina 14,000 m (8.7 mi) ??? Awaiting ratification by Chile

World's longest tunnels (abandoned)
Type Name Location Length Year Comment
Water supply Gadara Aqueduct  Roman Empire 94,000 m (58.4 mi) 129– Water supply for the Decapolis in present-day Jordan

See also

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