List of political parties in the United States

This is a list of political parties in the United States, both past and present. It does not include independents.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.
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Active parties

Major parties
Party Year Founded Main goals Membership[1] Presidential vote
[2]		 Senators
[3]		 Representatives
[4]		 Governors
[5]		 State legislators
[5]		 Legislatures
[5]		 Trifectas
[5]
Electoral Popular Voting Nonvoting
Democratic Party 1828 Modern liberalism 47,106,084
306 / 538
 81,284,778 (51.27%)
48 / 100
[upper-alpha 1]
221 / 435
4 / 6
27 / 55
3,439 / 7,383
18 / 49
15 / 49
Republican Party 1854 Conservatism 35,041,482
232 / 538
 74,224,501 (46.82%)
50 / 100
211 / 435
2 / 6
28 / 55
3,868 / 7,383
29 / 49
22 / 49

Represented in state legislatures
Party Year Founded Main Goals Membership[6] Presidential vote (2020)
[2]		 State legislators
[5]
 Libertarian Party 1971[7] Libertarianism[8] 652,261 1,865,917 (1.177%)
2 / 7,383
[9][10]
Vermont Progressive Party 1981 Progressivism Unknown
9 / 7,383
 Alliance Party 2019 Centrism[11] 469,839 88,238 (0.056%)
1 / 7,383
[12]

Represented in Puerto Rican legislature
Party Year Founded Main Goals President Gubernatorial vote Senators Representatives Mayors
Popular Democratic Party
Partido Popular Democrático		 1938 Pro-Commonwealth
Liberalism		 Aníbal José Torres 407,817 (31.75%)
12 / 27
26 / 51
42 / 78
New Progressive Party
Partido Nuevo Progresista		 1967 Puerto Rico statehood Thomas Rivera Schatz 427,016 (33.24%)
10 / 27
21 / 51
35 / 78
Citizens' Victory Movement
Movimiento Victoria Ciudadana		 2019 Anti-imperialism
Anti-neoliberalism[13]		 Ana Irma Rivera Lassén 179,265 (13.95%)
2 / 27
2 / 51
0 / 78
Puerto Rican Independence Party
Partido Independentista Puertorriqueño		 1946 Puerto Rico independence
Social democracy		 Rubén Berríos Martínez 175,402 (13.58%)
1 / 27
1 / 51
0 / 78
Project Dignity
Proyecto Dignidad		 2019 Christian democracy César Váquez Muñiz 87,379 (6.80%)
1 / 27
1 / 51
0 / 78

Not represented in Congress, state legislatures, or territorial legislatures
Party Main Goals Year Founded Membership[14] Presidential vote (2020)[2]
 Green Party Environmentalism
Eco-socialism[15][16]		 2001[17] 246,377 404,090 (0.255%)
Working Families Party Social democracy[18] 1998 50,532 386,010 (0.243%)[upper-alpha 2]
 Conservative Party of New York State Conservatism[19] 1962 147,606 295,657 (0.186%)[upper-alpha 2]
 Party for Socialism and Liberation Marxism-Leninism[20] 2004[21] 606 (FL) 85,488 (0.054%)
American Independent Party Paleoconservatism[22] 1967 600,220 (CA) 60,160 (0.038%)[upper-alpha 2]
Constitution Party Paleoconservatism[23] 1992[21] 118,088 60,066 (0.038%)
Peace and Freedom Party Socialism[24] 1967 94,016 51,037 (0.032%)[upper-alpha 2]
American Solidarity Party Christian democracy[25] 2011[25] Unknown 38,614 (0.024%)
 Legal Marijuana Now Party Marijuana legalization[26] 1998 Unknown 10,033 (0.006%)[upper-alpha 2]
Socialist Workers Party Castroism[27] 1938 298 (DE/KY) 6,791 (0.004%)
 Unity Party Centrism[28] 2004 1,657 (CO) 6,647 (0.004%)
Reform Party Radical centrism[29] 1995 6,665 5,966 (0.004%)[upper-alpha 2]
Oregon Progressive Party Progressivism[30] 2007 2,292 5,404 (0.003%)
 Prohibition Party Temperance[31] 1869 36[32] 4,856 (0.003%)
Natural Law Party Transcendental Meditation[33] 1992 6,657 (NJ) 2,986 (0.002%)[upper-alpha 2]
Approval Voting Party Electoral reform[34] 2016 1,149 (CO) 409 (0.0003%)
Socialist Equality Party Trotskyism[35] 1966 Unknown 351 (0.0002%)
 Liberty Union Party Democratic socialism[36] 1970 Unknown 166 (0.0001%)[upper-alpha 2]
 Socialist Party USA Democratic socialism[36] 1973[21] 8,215 (ME/MA/NJ) [upper-alpha 3]
 Socialist Alternative Trotskyism[35] 1986 Unknown [upper-alpha 3]
Independent Party of Oregon Centrism[37] 2007 124,048
Alaskan Independence Party Alaskan nationalism[38] 1978[39] 17,213
Independent Party of Delaware 2000 7,316
Women's Equality Party Feminism[40] 2014 7,207
United Utah Party Centrism[41] 2017 1,690
Serve America Movement 2017 348 (NY)
Workers World Party Marxism-Leninism[42] 1959 Unknown
Transhumanist Party Transhumanist politics[43] 2014 Unknown
Christian Liberty Party Christian nationalism[44][45] 2000[46] Unknown
American Freedom Party White nationalism[47] 2009[47] Unknown
Citizens Party of the United States Center-left politics[48] 2004[49] Unknown
Freedom Socialist Party Socialist feminism[50] 1966 Unknown
Labor Party Social democracy 1996 Unknown
Humane Party Environmentalism 2009 Unknown
Justice Party Progressivism[51] 2011 Unknown
Socialist Action Trotskyism[35] 1983 Unknown
United States Marijuana Party Marijuana legalization[52] 2002 Unknown
United States Pirate Party Pirate politics[53] 2006 Unknown
Grassroots-Legalize Cannabis Party Marijuana legalization[54] 1986 Unknown
Liberal Party of New York Liberalism[55] 1944 Unknown
Rent Is Too Damn High Party Anti-high rent[56] 2005 Unknown
 Charter Party 1924 Unknown
Sovereign Union Movement
Movimiento Unión Soberanista		 2010 Unknown
Working People's Party of Puerto Rico
Partido del Pueblo Trabajador		 2010 Unknown
Moderate Party of Rhode Island Centrism[57] 2007 Unknown
United Citizens Party 1969 Unknown
Independent Citizens Movement 1968 Unknown
Progressive Dane Progressivism[58] 1992 Unknown
Independent Greens of Virginia 2005 Unknown
Working Class Party 2016 Unknown
Aloha ʻĀina Party Hawaiian sovereignty[59] 2015 Unknown

Historical parties
The following parties are no longer functioning.
Historical parties in the United States
Party Other names Main Goals Year Created Year Disbanded
Federalist PartyClassical conservatism[60]17891824
Anti-Administration partyAnti-Federalism[61] 17891792
Democratic-Republican PartyDemocratic PartyJeffersonianism[62]17921825
Toleration PartyAmerican Party Secularism[63] 18161828
National Republican PartyAnti-Jacksonian PartyClassical conservatism[64]18251837
Anti-Masonic PartyAnti-Masonry[65]18281838
Nullifier PartyNullificiation[66] 18281839
Whig PartyTraditionalist conservatism[67]18331854
Liberty PartyAbolitionism[68]18401848
Law and Order Party of Rhode IslandCharterites Anti-Dorr Rebellion[69] 18401848
American Republican Party (1843)Nativism[70]18431854
Free Soil PartyAbolitionism[71]18481855
Unionist Party American unionism[72] 1852 1861
Anti-Nebraska PartyAbolitionism[73] 18541854
American Party (1844)Know NothingsNativism[74]18541858
Opposition Party (Northern)Abolitionism[75] 18541858
Opposition Party (Southern)Pro-slavery[76] 18581860
Constitutional Union PartyUnionist Party Southern unionism[77] 18601860
Unconditional Union PartyUnionist Party American unionism[78] 18611866
National Union PartyUnionist Party American unionism[79] 18641868
Radical Democracy PartyAbolitionism[80] 18641864
Readjuster PartyLeft-wing populism[81] 18701885
People's Party (Utah)Mormonism[82] 18701891
Liberal PartyAnti-clericalism[83] 18701893
Liberal Republican PartyClassical liberalism[84] 18721872
Greenback PartyCurrency reform[85]18741884
Socialist Labor Party of AmericaWorkingmen's Party of the United StatesDe Leonism[86]18762011
Anti-Monopoly PartyProgressivism[87] 18841884
People's Party (1892)Populist PartyPopulism[88]18921908
Silver PartyBimetalism[89] 18921902
National Democratic PartyGold DemocratsGold standard[90] 18961900
Silver Republican PartyBimetalism[91] 18961900
Social Democracy of AmericaUtopian socialism[92] 18971900
Social Democratic PartyDemocratic socialism[93] 18981901
Home Rule Party of HawaiiHawaiian nationalism[94] 19001912
Socialist Party of AmericaDemocratic socialism[95]19011972
Independence PartyIndependence LeagueProgressivism[96] 19061914
Progressive Party (1912)Bull Moose PartyProgressivism[97] 19121920
National Woman's Party19131930
Nonpartisan LeagueAgrarianism[98] 19151956
Minnesota Farmer–Labor PartyPopulism[99] 19181944
Labor Party of the United StatesSocial democracy[100] 19191920
Farmer–Labor PartySocial democracy[101] 19201936
Proletarian Party of AmericaCommunism[102] 19201971
Puerto Rican Nationalist PartyPuerto Rican nationalism[103] 19221965
American Party (1924) Nativism[104] 1924 1924
Progressive Party (1924)Progressivism[105] 19241924
Communist League of AmericaTrotskyism[106] 19281934
American Labor Party (1932) De Leonism[107] 1932 1935
American Workers PartyTrotskyism[108] 19331934
Workers Party of the United StatesTrotskyism[109] 19341938
Union PartyDistributism[110] 19361936
American Labor Party (1936)Social democracy[111] 19361956
America First PartyIsolationism[112] 19441996
States' Rights Democratic PartyDixiecratsSegregationism[113] 19481948
Progressive Party (1948)Progressivism[114] 19481955
Progressive Democratic PartyProgressivism[115] 19441948
Constitution Party (1952)Christian Nationalist Party Paleoconservatism[116] 19521968?
Puerto Rican Socialist PartyPuerto Rican nationalism[117] 19591993
Mississippi Freedom Democratic PartyDesegregation[118] 19641964
Black Panther PartyBlack nationalism[119] 19661982
Patriot PartySocialism[120] 19601980
Youth International PartyYippiesAnarcho-socialism[121] 19671967
Marxist–Leninist Party, USAMarxism–Leninism[122] 19671993
Communist Workers PartyMaoism[123] 19691985
American Party (1969)Paleoconservatism[124] 19692008
Raza Unida PartyChicanismo[125] 19702012
People's Party (1971)Democratic socialism[126] 19711976
League for the Revolutionary PartyRevolutionary Socialist League (U.S.)Trotskyism[127] 19721989
New Union PartyDe Leonism[128] 19742005
U.S. Labor PartyLaRouchism[129] 19751979
Concerned Citizens PartyPaleoconservatism[130] 19751992
International Socialist OrganizationTrotskyism[131] 1977 2019
Citizens PartyProgressivism[132] 19791984
New Alliance PartyLeft-wing populism[133] 19791992
Labor–Farm Party of WisconsinLeft-wing populism[134] 19821987
Populist Party (United States, 1984)White nationalism[135] 19841994
Illinois Solidarity PartyAnti-LaRouchism[136] 19862007
Republican Moderate Party of AlaskaCentrism[137] 19862011
Independent Party of Utah19881996
A Connecticut PartyLiberalism[138] 19901998
Greens/Green Party USA Green Committees of Correspondence Ecopolitics[139] 1991 2019
New PartyProgressivism[140] 19921998
New Jersey Conservative PartyConservatism[141] 19922009
Labor PartySocial democracy[142] 19962007
Marijuana Reform PartyMarijuana legalization[143]19982002
Southern PartySouthern nationalism[144] 19992003
Christian Freedom PartyChristian left[145] 20042004
Personal Choice PartyLibertarianism[146] 20042006
Florida Whig PartyFiscal Conservatism[147] 20062012
Boston Tea PartyLibertarianism[148]20062012
Connecticut for LiebermanCentrism[149] 20062013
Independence Party of AmericaCentrism[150] 20072013
Modern Whig PartyConservative liberalism[151] 20072018
Taxpayers Party of New YorkConservatism[152]20102011
Freedom Party of New YorkProgressivism[153]20102011
Traditionalist Worker PartyNeo-Nazism[154]20132018

Non-electoral organizations

These organizations generally do not nominate candidates for election, but some of them have in the past; they otherwise function similarly to political parties.

Political Party Founded in Former Titles International Affiliations
African People's Socialist Party 1972 Uhuru Movement
American Nazi party (remnants) 1959 World Union of Free Enterprise National Socialists
National Socialist White People's Party
American Party of Labor 2008
Black Riders Liberation Party 1996[155]
Committees of Correspondence for Democracy and Socialism 1991
Communist Party USA 1919[156] International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties
Democratic Socialists of America 1982 (merger of Democratic Socialist Organizing Committee + New American Movement) Formerly Socialist International, not a member as of August 2017.
Freedom Road Socialist Organization 1985 International Communist Seminar
Internationalist Group 1996 League for the Fourth International
Liberation Road 1985 Freedom Road Socialist Organization
Movement for a People's Party 2017
National Socialist Movement 1974 American Nazi Party World Union of National Socialists
New Black Panther Party 1989
News and Letters Committees 1955
Our Revolution 2016
Progressive Labor Party 1961 Progressive Labor Movement
Revolutionary Communist Party, USA 1975 Revolutionary Union
Social Democrats, USA 1972
Solidarity 1986
Spartacist League 1966 International Communist League (Fourth Internationalist)
World Socialist Party of the United States 1916 Socialist Party of the United States
Socialist Educational Society
Workers' Socialist Party		 World Socialist Movement

See also

Notes
Notes
  1. Additionally, the two independent Senators both caucus with the Democratic Party.[3]
  2. Votes counted in a fusion ticket.
  3. Nominated a candidate associated with a different party.
Footnotes
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  10. Harris, Tyler (14 December 2020). "Maine State Rep. John Andrews Joins the Libertarian Party". Libertarian Party. Libertarian National Committee. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
  11. Winger, Richard (May 6, 2019). "Minnesota Independence Party Becomes State Affiliate of the Alliance Party". Ballot Access News. Retrieved August 4, 2020.
  12. "Elected Officials". The Alliance Party. Alliance Party National Committee. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
  13. https://jacobinmag.com/2020/11/puerto-rico-is-moving-left
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Further reading
  • Nash, Howard P., Jr.; Schnapper, M. B. (1959). Third Parties in American Politics.
  • Ness, Immanuel; Ciment, James (2000). The Encyclopedia of Third Parties in America. Armonk, NY, U.S.A.: Sharpe Reference. ISBN 0-7656-8020-3.
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