Visa requirements for United States citizens
Visa requirements for United States citizens and non-citizen nationals are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of the United States.
As of 10 January 2021, holders of a United States passport could travel to 185 countries and territories without a travel visa, or with a visa on arrival. The United States passport currently ranks[Note 1] 7th in terms of travel freedom (tied with the passports of Belgium, New Zealand, Norway, Switzerland, and the UK) according to the Henley Passport Index.[1]
COVID-19 Restrictions
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, several countries have imposed temporary travel restrictions on United States citizens or persons arriving from the United States.[2]
- Argentina – Admission refused, except residents.
- Austria – Admission to Schengen Area refused from noon 17 March until April 30, except residents, family members of EU citizens, medical personnel, and people responsible for transport of goods.
- Australia – Admission refused.
- Bahamas - Admission permitted with prior completion of Travel Health Visa Application, which requires a negative COVID-19 test.[3]
- Bangladesh – Medical certificate and 14-day institutional quarantine required.
- Belgium – Admission to Schengen Area refused from noon 17 March until April 30, except residents, family members of EU citizens, medical personnel, and people responsible for transport of goods.
- Bermuda – 14-day self-quarantine required.
- Botswana – Admission refused.
- Brazil – Admission restricted via land borders. Entry via air unrestricted. [4]
- Brunei – Admission refused.
- Bulgaria – Admission refused unless exempted from the entry restrictions ordered by the Ministry of Health on 3 August 2020. Long-term visa or residence permit holders are permitted to enter, but must self-isolate for 14 days unless arriving from the EU/EEA after a two-week stay there.
- Cambodia – Admission refused.
- Canada – Admission refused for nonessential travel, except residents (who must self-isolate for 14 days).
- Chile – Admission refused for nonessential travel.
- China – Admission refused for nonessential travel. Admission granted to those with valid residence permits for work, family visitation, or personal emergencies; crew-members of international flights, vessels, or trains with valid visas; or those with diplomatic, service, or courtesy visas. Those with valid visas of any type issued after March 26, 2020 are not refused entry. All visa waiver policies suspended, including visa-free transit and visa-free entry to Hainan Province. All travelers entering on commercial flights are required to submit evidence of a negative RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 at least three days before boarding their flight. Other types of tests for the virus are not accepted.[5][6][7][8]
- Croatia – Now open
- Cyprus – Admission refused for travelers arriving from the US and some other countries.[9]
- Colombia – Admission refused until August 31, except residents (who must self-isolate for 14 days).
- Costa Rica – Health Pass and proof of health insurance required for entry.[10]
- Czech Republic – Admission refused.
- Denmark – Admission to Schengen Area refused from noon 17 March until April 30, except residents, family members of EU citizens, medical personnel, and people responsible for transport of goods. Entry refused into Greenland and Faroe Islands until April 13.
- El Salvador – Admission refused, except accredited diplomats and legal residents.
- Estonia – Admission refused effective March 17. Right of entry will remain for citizens and those with a right of residence, as well as foreign citizens whose next of kin live in Estonia. Transit is allowed for foreigners not showing signs of COVID-19. A mandatory two-week quarantine will be set for anyone entering the country.
- France – Admission to Schengen Area refused from noon 17 March until April 30, except residents, family members of EU citizens, medical personnel, and people responsible for transport of goods.
- Georgia – Admission refused until April 21st, except dependents of citizens and diplomats.
- Germany – Admission to Schengen Area refused from noon 17 March until April 30, except residents, family members of EU citizens, medical personnel, and people responsible for transport of goods.
- Greece – Admission to Schengen Area refused until further notice, except residents, family members of EU/Greek citizens, medical personnel, and people responsible for transport of goods.
- Guatemala – Admission refused.
- Hong Kong – Admission refused.
- Honduras – Admission refused.[11]
- Hungary – Admission refused.
- Iceland – Admission to Schengen Area refused from noon 17 March until April 30, except residents, family members of EU citizens, medical personnel, and people responsible for transport of goods.
- India – Admission refused.
- Indonesia – Admission refused.
- Ireland – Self-isolation required. [12]
- Israel – Admission refused, except for new immigrants with an Aliyah visa. All arriving individuals must be tested at the airport. They must then be housed in a government funded hotel or remain under home isolation for 10 days. Arrivals will then take a second test and upon confirmation of a negative result will be released from the isolation. If an arrival refuses then the arrival must remain in isolation for an additional 4 days.
- Italy – Admission to Schengen Area refused from noon 17 March until April 30, except residents, family members of EU citizens, medical personnel, and people responsible for transport of goods.
- Japan – Admission refused, except those with valid re-entry documentation and those meeting certain family, professional, or medical criteria.[13]
- Jordan – Valid health insurance, a PCR test taken on arrival, and an tracking app download is required for entry.[14]
- Latvia – Admission to Schengen Area refused from noon 17 March until April 30, except residents, family members of EU citizens, medical personnel, and people responsible for transport of goods.
- Liechtenstein – Admission to Schengen Area refused from noon 17 March until April 30, except residents, family members of EU citizens, medical personnel, and people responsible for transport of goods.
- Lithuania – Admission refused, except those with residence permit.
- Luxembourg – Admission to Schengen Area refused from noon 17 March until April 30, except residents, family members of EU citizens, medical personnel, and people responsible for transport of goods.
- Macau – Admission refused.
- Malaysia – Admission refused for nonresidents. Quarantine required for residents.
- Malta – 14-day quarantine required.
- Mexico – Admission refused by land for nonessential travel.
- Mongolia – Admission refused.
- Netherlands – Admission to Schengen Area refused from noon 17 March until April 30, except residents, family members of EU citizens, medical personnel, and people responsible for transport of goods.
- New Zealand – Admission refused for nonresidents. 14-day managed quarantine required for residents. [15]
- North Korea – Admission refused.
- Norway – Admission refused.
- Oman – Tourist visas suspended until April 30.
- Panama – Admission refused.
- Philippines – Admission refused, except spouses and children of Filipino nationals. [16]
- Poland – Admission refused, except for those possessing residence or work permits. 14 days quarantine required.
- Russia – Admission refused.
- Singapore – Admission refused for nonresidents. Quarantine required for residents.
- Slovakia – Admission refused for nonresidents. Quarantine required for residents.
- Slovenia – Admission to Schengen Area refused from noon 17 March until April 30, except residents, family members of EU citizens, medical personnel, and people responsible for transport of goods.
- South Africa – visitors who have been in, transited through, or are nationals of several designated "high-risk countries" (including the United States) are not allowed to enter.[17]
- South Korea – Mandatory 14-day self-quarantine upon arrival.[18]
- Spain – Admission to Schengen Area refused from noon 17 March until April 30, except residents, family members of EU citizens, medical personnel, and people responsible for transport of goods.
- Sri Lanka – Admission refused.[19]
- Suriname – Admission refused.
- Sweden – Admission to Schengen Area refused from noon 17 March until April 30, except residents, family members of EU citizens, medical personnel, and people responsible for transport of goods.
- Switzerland – Admission to Schengen Area refused from noon 17 March until April 30, except residents, family members of EU citizens, medical personnel, and people responsible for transport of goods.
- Tajikistan – Admission refused.
- Thailand – Admission refused, except residents.
- Tunisia – Proof of negative PCR test and mandatory 14 day quarantine on arrival required.[20]
- Turkmenistan – Admission refused.
- Ukraine – Self-quarantine or COVID-19 test required on arrival.[21]
- UAE – Visa issuance suspended for non-diplomatic passport holders.
- UK – Self-Isolation required. [22]
- Venezuela – Admission refused.
- Vietnam – Admission refused. E-visa will be resumed after July 1.[23]
Visa requirements map
Visa requirements
General visa requirements of sovereign countries towards United States citizens:
Country | Visa requirement | Allowed stay | Notes (excluding departure fees) | Reciprocity |
---|---|---|---|---|
Afghanistan | Visa required[24][25] |
|
√ | |
Albania | Visa not required[27][28] | 1 year[29] | X | |
Algeria | Visa required[30][31] |
|
√ | |
Andorra | Visa not required[32] | 3 months[33][34] | √ | |
Angola | eVisa[35][36][37] | 30 days |
|
X |
Antigua and Barbuda | Visa not required[40][41] | 6 months[42] |
|
X |
Argentina | Visa not required[44] | 90 days |
|
X |
Armenia | Visa not required[45] | 180 days | X | |
Australia | eVisa[46] | 90 days | √ | |
Austria | Visa not required[49][50] | 90 days |
|
√ |
Azerbaijan | eVisa / Visa on arrival[54] | 30 days[55] |
|
X |
Bahamas | Visa not required[59][60] | 8 months |
|
X |
Bahrain | eVisa / Visa on arrival[61] | 14 days[62] |
|
X |
Bangladesh | Visa on arrival[64] | 30 days[65] |
|
X |
Barbados | Visa not required[67][68] | 6 months[69] | X | |
Belarus | Visa not required[70] | 30 days |
|
X |
Belgium | Visa not required[75] | 90 days |
|
√ |
Belize | Visa not required[77][78] | 30 days[79] |
|
X |
Benin | eVisa[81][82] | 90 days |
|
X |
Bhutan | Visa required[84] |
|
√ | |
Bolivia | Visa on arrival[86][87] | 30 days[88] |
|
X |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | Visa not required[89][90] | 90 days |
|
X |
Botswana | Visa not required[92][93] | 90 days |
|
X |
Brazil | Visa not required[95][96] | 90 days |
|
X |
Brunei | Visa not required[97][98] | 90 days |
|
√ |
Bulgaria | Visa not required[99][100] | 90 days | X | |
Burkina Faso | Visa on arrival[102] | 1 month | X | |
Burundi | Visa required[104] |
|
√ | |
Cambodia | eVisa / Visa on arrival[105] | 30 days | X | |
Cameroon | Visa required[108] |
|
√ | |
Canada | Visa not required[110][111] | 6 months |
|
√ |
Cape Verde | Visa not required[114] | 30 days |
|
X |
Central African Republic | Visa not required[116][117][118] | 180 days | X | |
Chad | Visa required[120][121] |
|
√ | |
Chile | Visa not required[124] | 90 days[125][126] | √ | |
China | Visa required[127] |
|
√ | |
Colombia | Visa not required[131][132] | 90 days | X | |
Comoros | Visa on arrival[135][136] | X | ||
Democratic Republic of the Congo | Visa required[137][138] |
|
√ | |
Republic of the Congo | Visa required[140][141] |
|
√ | |
Costa Rica | Visa not required[143] | 90 days |
|
X |
Côte d'Ivoire | eVisa[145] | 3 months |
|
X |
Croatia | Visa not required[147][148] | 90 days | X | |
Cuba | Tourist Card required[150] | 30 days |
|
√ |
Cyprus | Visa not required[154][155] | 90 days |
|
X |
Czech Republic | Visa not required[157][158] | 90 days |
|
√ |
Denmark | Visa not required[160][161] | 90 days |
|
√ |
Djibouti | eVisa[163] | 31 days |
|
X |
Dominica | Visa not required[164][165] | 6 months |
|
X |
Dominican Republic | Visa not required[167][168] | 30 days |
|
X |
Ecuador | Visa not required[169] | 90 days |
|
X |
Egypt | eVisa / Visa on arrival[171] | 30 days |
|
X |
El Salvador | Visa not required[174][175] | 3 months |
|
X |
Equatorial Guinea | Visa not required[176] | 90 days |
|
X |
Eritrea | Visa required[178] |
|
√ | |
Estonia | Visa not required[180][181] | 90 days |
|
√ |
Eswatini | Visa not required[183] | 30 days |
|
X |
Ethiopia | eVisa / Visa on arrival[185] | up to 90 days |
|
X |
Fiji | Visa not required[188] | 4 months[189] | X | |
Finland | Visa not required[190][191] | 90 days |
|
√ |
France | Visa not required[193][194] | 90 days |
|
√ |
Gabon | eVisa / Visa on arrival[200] | 6 months |
|
X |
Gambia | Visa required[203][204] | √ | ||
Georgia | Visa not required[206] | 1 year |
|
X |
Germany | Visa not required[207] | 90 days |
|
√ |
Ghana | Visa required[209][210] | √ | ||
Greece | Visa not required[212][213] | 90 days |
|
√ |
Grenada | Visa not required[215][216] | 3 months |
|
X |
Guatemala | Visa not required[217] | 90 days |
|
X |
Guinea | eVisa[219] | up to 5 years | X | |
Guinea-Bissau | eVisa / Visa on arrival[221] | 90 days[222] |
|
X |
Guyana | Visa not required[224] | 3 months[225] | X | |
Haiti | Visa not required[226][227] | 3 months | X | |
Honduras | Visa not required[228] | 3 months |
|
X |
Hungary | Visa not required[229][230] | 90 days |
|
√ |
Iceland | Visa not required[232][233] | 90 days |
|
√ |
India | eVisa[235] | 180 days |
|
X |
Indonesia | Visa not required[239][240] | 30 days | X | |
Iran | Visa required[241] |
|
√ | |
Iraq | Visa required[245] |
|
√ | |
Ireland | Visa not required[248][249] | 3 months |
|
√ |
Israel | Visa not required[251] | 3 months |
|
X |
Italy | Visa not required[254][255] | 90 days |
|
√ |
Jamaica | Visa not required[257] | 6 months |
|
X |
Japan | Visa not required[259] | 90 days |
|
√ |
Jordan | Visa on arrival[261] | 30 days |
|
X |
Kazakhstan | Visa not required[264][265] | 30 days | X | |
Kenya | eVisa / Visa on arrival[268] | 3 months |
|
X |
Kiribati | Visa not required[270] | 30 days |
|
X |
North Korea | Travel restricted[272][273][274] |
|
√ | |
South Korea | Visa not required[275] | 90 days |
|
√ |
Kuwait | eVisa / Visa on arrival[277] | 3 months | X | |
Kyrgyzstan | Visa not required[278] | 60 days[279] | X | |
Laos | eVisa / Visa on arrival[280][281] | 30 days |
|
X |
Latvia | Visa not required[284][285] | 180 days |
|
√ |
Lebanon | Free visa on arrival[288] | 1 month |
|
X |
Lesotho | Visa not required[289] | 14 days |
|
X |
Liberia | Visa required[291] | √ | ||
Libya | Visa required[293] |
|
√ | |
Liechtenstein | Visa not required[295] | 90 days |
|
√ |
Lithuania | Visa not required[297][298] | 90 days |
|
√ |
Luxembourg | Visa not required[300][301] | 90 days |
|
√ |
Madagascar | eVisa / Visa on arrival[303] | 90 days | X | |
Malawi | eVisa / Visa on arrival[304][305] |
|
X | |
Malaysia | Visa not required[307] | 3 months |
|
X |
Maldives | Free visa on arrival[309][310] | 30 days |
|
X |
Mali | Visa required[311][312] |
|
√ | |
Malta | Visa not required[314][315] | 90 days |
|
√ |
Marshall Islands | Visa not required[317] | unlimited |
|
√ |
Mauritania | Visa on arrival[319] |
|
X | |
Mauritius | Visa not required[321] | 90 days[322] | X | |
Mexico | Visa not required[323][324] | 180 days |
|
X |
Micronesia | Visa not required[327] | unlimited[328] |
|
√ |
Moldova | Visa not required[331] | 90 days |
|
X |
Monaco | Visa not required[333] | 90 days | √ | |
Mongolia | Visa not required[336] | 90 days |
|
X |
Montenegro | Visa not required[338] | 90 days |
|
X |
Morocco | Visa not required[340] | 3 months[341] | X | |
Mozambique | Visa on arrival[342] | 30 days[343] | X | |
Myanmar | eVisa[344] | 28 days | X | |
Namibia | Visa not required[345] | 3 months[346] | X | |
Nauru | Visa required[347] |
|
√ | |
Nepal | Visa on arrival[349] | 90 days |
|
X |
Netherlands | Visa not required[351][352] | 90 days |
|
√ |
New Zealand | Electronic Travel Authority[354] | 3 months[355][356] |
|
√ |
Nicaragua | Visa not required[360] | 90 days |
|
X |
Niger | Visa required[362][363] | √ | ||
Nigeria | Visa required[365][366] | √ | ||
North Macedonia | Visa not required[367] | 90 days |
|
X |
Norway | Visa not required[369][370] | 90 days | √ | |
Oman | eVisa[373] | 30 days |
|
X |
Pakistan | Online Visa[376] | X | ||
Palau | Visa not required[379] | 1 year[380] |
|
√ |
Panama | Visa not required[381] | 180 days |
|
X |
Papua New Guinea | Free eVisa / Visa on arrival[383] | 60 days |
|
X |
Paraguay | Visa on arrival[385] | 90 days |
|
X |
Peru | Visa not required[387] | 183 days |
|
X |
Philippines | Visa not required[389][390] | 30 days |
|
X |
Poland | Visa not required[391] | 90 days |
|
√ |
Portugal | Visa not required[395][396][397] | 90 days |
|
√ |
Qatar | Visa not required[399] | 30 days | X | |
Romania | Visa not required[400][401] | 90 days | X | |
Russia | Visa required[403] | √ | ||
Rwanda | eVisa / Visa on arrival[407][408] | 30 days |
|
X |
Saint Kitts and Nevis | Visa not required[410][411] | 3 months | X | |
Saint Lucia | Visa not required[412][413] | 6 weeks | X | |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Visa not required[414] | 1 month[415] | X | |
Samoa | Visa not required[416] | 60 days |
|
X |
San Marino | Visa not required[418][419] | √ | ||
São Tomé and Príncipe | Visa not required[420] | 15 days | X | |
Saudi Arabia | eVisa / Visa on arrival[422][423] | 90 days | X | |
Senegal | Visa not required[424] | 90 days | X | |
Serbia | Visa not required[426] | 90 days |
|
X |
Seychelles | Free Visitor's Permit on arrival[428] | 3 months |
|
X |
Sierra Leone | Visa on arrival[430] | X | ||
Singapore | Visa not required[432] | 90 days[433] |
|
√ |
Slovakia | Visa not required[435][436] | 90 days |
|
√ |
Slovenia | Visa not required[438][439] | 90 days |
|
√ |
Solomon Islands | Free Visitor's permit on arrival[441] | 3 months |
|
X |
Somalia | Visa on arrival[443] |
|
X | |
South Africa | Visa not required[444] | 90 days |
|
X |
South Sudan | Electronic Visa[446] |
|
X | |
Spain | Visa not required[449][450] | 90 days |
|
√ |
Sri Lanka | eVisa / Visa on arrival[452] | 30 days[453] | X | |
Sudan | Visa required[454][455] |
|
√ | |
Suriname | E-tourist card[457] | 90 days |
|
X |
Sweden | Visa not required[459][460] | 90 days |
|
√ |
Switzerland | Visa not required[462][463] | 90 days |
|
√ |
Syria | Visa required[465][466] | √ | ||
Tajikistan | eVisa[469][470] | 45 days |
|
X |
Tanzania | eVisa / Visa on arrival[472][473][474] | 3 months |
|
X |
Thailand | Visa not required[476] | 30 days |
|
X |
Timor-Leste | Visa on arrival[477] | 30 days |
|
X |
Togo | Visa on arrival[479] | 7 days[480] | X | |
Tonga | Free visa on arrival[481][482] | 31 days | X | |
Trinidad and Tobago | Visa not required[483] | 90 days[484] | X | |
Tunisia | Visa not required[485] | 90 days[486] | X | |
Turkey | eVisa[487][488] | 3 months | X | |
Turkmenistan | Visa required[489] |
|
√ | |
Tuvalu | Free visa on arrival[492] | 1 month |
|
X |
Uganda | eVisa / Visa on arrival[494] | 90 days |
|
X |
Ukraine | Visa not required[497] | 90 days |
|
X |
United Arab Emirates | Free visa on arrival[499][500] | 30 days |
|
X |
United Kingdom | Visa not required[501][502] | 6 months[503] | √ | |
Uruguay | Visa not required[504] | 3 months[505] | X | |
Uzbekistan | eVisa[506][507] | 30 days |
|
X |
Vanuatu | Visa not required[510] | 30 days |
|
X |
Vatican City | Visa not required[512] | X | ||
Venezuela | Visa required[513] |
|
√ | |
Vietnam | eVisa[513] | 30 days | X | |
Yemen | Visa required[517][518] |
|
√ | |
Zambia | eVisa / Visa on arrival[520] | 90 days |
|
X |
Zimbabwe | eVisa / Visa on arrival[523] | 3 months | X |
Territories or administrative subdivisions with different visa policies
Visa requirements for United States citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas, partially recognized countries not mentioned in the list above, recognized administrative subdivisions that operate on different visa policies and restricted zones:
Africa | |||
---|---|---|---|
Visitor to | Visa requirement | Allowed stay | Notes (excluding departure fees) |
Eritrea outside Asmara | Travel permit required | To travel in the rest of the country, a Travel Permit for Foreigners is required (20 Eritrean nakfa).[526] | |
Ascension Island | eVisa[527][528] | 3 months |
|
Saint Helena | Visitor's Pass required | Visitor's Pass granted on arrival valid for 4/10/21/60/90 days for 12/14/16/20/25 pound sterling.[529] | |
Tristan da Cunha | Permission required | Permission to land required for 15/30 pounds sterling (yacht/ship passenger) for Tristan da Cunha Island or 20 pounds sterling for Gough Island, Inaccessible Island or Nightingale Islands.[530] | |
Mayotte | Visa not required[531] | 90 days | |
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic | Undefined | Undefined visa regime in the Western Sahara controlled territory. | |
Somaliland | Visa on arrival | 30 days | 30 US dollars, payable on arrival.[532][533] |
Réunion | Visa not required[534] | 90 days | |
Sudan outside Khartoum | Travel permit required | All foreigners traveling more than 25 kilometers outside of Khartoum must obtain a travel permit. | |
Darfur | Travel permit required | Separate travel permit is required.[535] | |
Asia | |||
Visitor to | Visa requirement | Allowed stay | Notes (excluding departure fees) |
British Indian Ocean Territory | Special permit required | Special permit required.[536] | |
Hainan | Visa not required when travelling as part of a tour group | Visa not required for 15 days for traveling as part of a tourist group (2 or more people)[537][538] | |
Hong Kong | Visa not required | 90 days[539] | |
Protected and restricted areas of India | PAP/RAP required | Protected Area Permit (PAP) required for whole states of Nagaland and Sikkim and parts of states Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh. Restricted Area Permit (RAP) required for all of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and parts of Sikkim. Some of these requirements are occasionally lifted for a year.[540][541][542][543][544][545] | |
Iraqi Kurdistan | Visa on arrival | Visa on arrival for 15 days is available at Erbil and Sulaymaniyah airports.[245] | |
Baikonur & Priozersk | Special permission required | Special permission required for the city of Baikonur and surrounding areas in Kyzylorda Oblast, and the town of Priozersk near Almaty.[546] | |
Kish Island | Visa not required | Visitors to Kish Island do not require a visa.[243] | |
Macau | Visa not required | 30 days[547] | |
Sabah and Sarawak | Visa not required | These states have their own immigration authorities and passport is required to travel to them, however the same visa applies.[548] | |
Maldives outside Malé | Permission required | Tourists are generally prohibited from visiting non-resort islands without the express permission of the Government of the Maldives.[549] | |
Mecca and Medina | Special access required | Non-Muslims and those following the Ahmadiyya religious movement are strictly prohibited from entry. | |
North Sentinel Island | Restricted zone | ||
Palestine | Visa not required | Travel to Gaza Strip may be restricted .[550] | |
Taiwan | Visa not required | 90 days[551] | Visitors fingerprinted |
Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province | OIVR permit required | OIVR permit required (15+5 Tajikistani Somoni) and another special permit (free of charge) is required for Lake Sarez.[552][553][554] | |
Tibet Autonomous Region | TTP required | Tibet Travel Permit required (10 US Dollars).[555][556][557] | |
Closed cities of Turkmenistan | Special permit required | A special permit, issued prior to arrival by Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is required if visiting the following places: Atamurat, Cheleken, Dashoguz, Serakhs and Serhetabat.[558] | |
Korean Demilitarized Zone | Restricted zone | ||
UNDOF Zone and Ghajar | Restricted zone | ||
Phú Quốc | Visa not required | 30 days[515] | |
Yemen outside Sana’a or Aden | Special permission required | Special permission needed for travel outside Sana’a or Aden.[519] | |
Caribbean and North Atlantic | |||
Visitor to | Visa requirement | Allowed stay | Notes (excluding departure fees) |
Anguilla | Visa not required | 3 months[559] | |
Aruba | Visa not required | 90 days | 90 days within any year period[560][561] 90 days in Aruba, Caribbean Netherlands, Curaçao and Sint Maarten combined |
Bermuda | Visa not required | 6 months | Decided on arrival.[562] |
(Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba) | Visa not required | 90 days | 90 days within any year period[563][564] 90 days in Aruba, Caribbean Netherlands, Curaçao and Sint Maarten combined |
British Virgin Islands | Visa not required | 30 days | Extensions possible[565] |
Cayman Islands | Visa not required | 6 months[566] | |
San Andrés and Leticia | Tourist Card on arrival | Visitors arriving at Gustavo Rojas Pinilla International Airport and Alfredo Vásquez Cobo International Airport must buy tourist cards on arrival.[567] | |
Curaçao | Visa not required | 90 days | 90 days within any year period[568] 90 days in Aruba, Caribbean Netherlands, Curaçao and Sint Maarten combined |
French West Indies | Visa not required | 3 months | French West Indies refers to Martinique, Guadeloupe, Saint Martin and Saint Barthélemy[569] |
Greenland | Visa not required[570] | ||
Margarita Island | Visa required | All visitors are fingerprinted.[571] | |
Montserrat | Visa not required | 6 months | |
Sint Maarten | Visa not required | 90 days | 90 days in 1 year[572][573] 90 days in Aruba, Caribbean Netherlands, Curaçao and Sint Maarten combined |
Turks and Caicos Islands | Visa not required | 90 days[574] | |
Europe | |||
Visitor to | Visa requirement | Allowed stay | Notes (excluding departure fees) |
Abkhazia | Visa required[575] | ||
Mount Athos | Special permit required | Special permit required (4 days: 25 euro for Orthodox visitors, 35 euro for non-Orthodox visitors, 18 euro for students). There is a visitors' quota: maximum 100 Orthodox and 10 non-Orthodox per day and women are not allowed.[576][577] | |
ATO zone | Special permission required[578] | ||
Brest and Grodno | Visa not required | 10 days[579] | |
Crimea | Visa required | Visa issued by Russia is required.[580] | |
Novorossiya | Restricted area | Crossing from Ukraine requires visit purpose to be explained to Ukrainian passport control on exit and those who entered from Russia are not allowed to proceed further into Ukraine.[581] | |
Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus | Visa not required | 3 months[582][583] | |
UN Buffer Zone in Cyprus | Access Permit required[584] | Access Permit is required for travelling inside the zone, except Civil Use Areas. | |
Faroe Islands | Visa not required[570] | ||
Gibraltar | Visa not required[585] | ||
Guernsey | Visa not required[586] | ||
Isle of Man | Visa not required[587] | ||
Jan Mayen | Permit required[585] | 24 hours | Permit issued by the local police required for staying for less than 24 hours[588] and permit issued by the Norwegian police for staying for more than 24 hours.[589] |
Jersey | Visa not required[590] | ||
Kosovo | Visa not required | 90 days[591] | |
Artsakh | Visa required[592][593] | Travellers with Artsakh visa (expired or valid) or evidence of travel to Artsakh (stamps) will be permanently denied entry to Azerbaijan.[594] | |
Closed cities of Russia | Special authorization required | Several closed cities and regions in Russia require special authorization.[405] | |
South Ossetia | Visa not required | Multiple entry visa to Russia and three-day prior notification are required to enter South Ossetia.[595][596] | |
Svalbard | Visa not required[597] | Unlimited | Anyone may live and work freely in Svalbard per the Svalbard Treaty. |
Transnistria | Visa not required | 24 hours | Registration required after 24h.[598][599] |
Oceania | |||
Visitor to | Visa requirement | Allowed stay | Notes (excluding departure fees) |
American Samoa | Freedom of movement | Unlimited |
|
Ashmore and Cartier Islands | Special authorisation required | Special authorisation required.[601] | |
Clipperton Island | Special permit required | Special permit required.[602] | |
Cook Islands | Visa not required | 31 days[603] | |
Lau Province | Special permission required | Special permission required.[189] | |
French Polynesia | Visa not required | 90 days | 90 days within any 180-day period[604] |
Guam | Freedom of movement | Unlimited | U.S. citizens and American Samoan citizens may live and work freely in Guam. Proof of citizenship is required for entry.[605][606] |
Niue | Visa on arrival | 30 days[607] | |
Northern Mariana Islands | Freedom of movement | Unlimited | U.S. citizens and American Samoan citizens may live and work freely in the Northern Mariana Islands. Proof of citizenship is required for entry.[608] |
Pitcairn Islands | Visa not required | 14 days | Visa free and landing fee US$35 or tax of US$5 if not going ashore.[609][610][611] |
Tokelau | Entry permit required[612] | ||
United States Minor Outlying Islands | Special permits required | Special permits required for Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll and Wake Island.[613][614][615][616][617][618][619] | |
South America | |||
Visitor to | Visa requirement | Allowed stay | Notes (excluding departure fees) |
Galápagos | Pre-registration required | Online pre-registration is required. Transit Control Card must also be obtained at the airport prior to departure.[620] | |
French Guiana | Visa not required | 3 months[621] | International Certificate of Vaccination required. |
South Atlantic and Antarctica | |||
Visitor to | Visa requirement | Allowed stay | Notes (excluding departure fees) |
Falkland Islands | Visa not required | Visa is not required.[622] | |
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands | Permit required | Pre-arrival permit from the Commissioner required (72 hours/1 month for 110/160 pounds sterling).[623][624] | |
Antarctica | Special permits required | Special permits required for Bouvet Island, British Antarctic Territory, French Southern and Antarctic Lands, Argentine Antarctica, Australian Antarctic Territory, Chilean Antarctic Territory, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Peter I Island, Queen Maud Land, Ross Dependency.[625][626][627][628][629][630][631][632][633][634][635][636] |
Passport card
The United States Passport Card can be used as an alternative to the passport booklet only when travelling to and from Canada, Mexico, Bermuda, and Caribbean islands at maritime ports-of-entry or land border crossings. The card is not valid for air travel whatsoever; if traveling by air, the passport book is required.[637]
APEC Travel Business Card
The APEC Business Travel Card (ABTC) is meant to facilitate travel for U.S. citizens engaged in verified business in the APEC region.[638]
The U.S. ABTC should enable access to a dedicated fast-track lane for expedited immigration processing at some participating foreign APEC member airports.[639] U.S. APEC Business Travel Card holders may also use the Global Entry kiosks at participating airports upon their U.S. return.[640] However, the U.S. APEC Business Travel Card cannot be used in lieu of a visa to enter an APEC member country in the way that some other countries’ APEC cards can be used in lieu of visas. This is because the U.S. has decided not to participate in the visa reciprocity part of the program because the US government is unwilling to waive visa interviews.[641] The program was initially set to expire on 30 September 2018, but the November 2017 signing of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Business Travel Cards Act of 2017 (S. 504) ensured it would permanently remain.[642]
Consular protection of U.S. citizens abroad
The United States has the most diplomatic missions of any country in the world.
See also List of diplomatic missions of the United States and List of diplomatic missions in the United States.
The Department of State regularly publishes travel warnings or travel alerts.
Non-visa restrictions
Blank passport pages
Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[643] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being available.
Vaccination
Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[644]
Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently.[645]
Passport validity length
In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[646] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[647] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[648]
Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.
Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, Honduras, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.
Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova, and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except the Republic of Ireland) together with Switzerland and the United Kingdom also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.
Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.
Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[649] and South Africa.
Other countries require either a passport valid on arrival or a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay. Some countries have bilateral agreements with other countries to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[650][651] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[652]
Criminal record
Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[653] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record.
Persona non grata
The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning their entry into that country. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[654]
Israeli stamps
Kuwait,[655] Lebanon,[656] Libya,[657] Sudan,[658] Syria,[659] and Yemen[660] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.
To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.
The Saudi Commission for Tourism and National Heritage claims that having an Israeli stamp does not disqualify someone from visiting Saudi Arabia.[661]
Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.
Armenian ethnicity
Due to a state of war existing between Armenia and Azerbaijan, the government of Azerbaijan not only bars entry of Armenian citizens, but also all citizens and nationals of any other country who are of Armenian descent, into the Republic of Azerbaijan.[662][663]
Azerbaijan also strictly bans any visit by foreign citizens to the separatist region of Nagorno-Karabakh[664] (the de facto independent Republic of Artsakh), its surrounding territories, and the Azerbaijani exclaves of Karki, Yuxarı Əskipara, Barxudarlı, and Sofulu which are de jure part of Azerbaijan but under the control of Armenia, without the prior consent of the government of Azerbaijan. Foreign citizens who enter these territories will be permanently banned from entering the Republic of Azerbaijan[665] and will be included in their "list of personae non gratae".[666] As of 2 September 2019, the list mentioned 852 people.
Upon request, the authorities of the largely unrecognised Republic of Artsakh may attach their visa and/or stamps to a separate piece of paper in order to avoid detection of travel to their territory.
Biometrics
Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to quickly change planes rather than go landside.[667]
Fingerprinting countries include Afghanistan,[668][669] Argentina,[670] Brunei, Cambodia,[671] China,[672] Ethiopia,[673] Ghana, Guinea,[674] India, Japan,[675][676] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[677] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[678] Paraguay, Saudi Arabia,[679] Singapore, South Korea,[680] Taiwan, Thailand,[681] Uganda[682] and the United States.
Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by its legislature),[683] [684] [685] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[686]
Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[687] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[688][689] The United States Department of Homeland Security has announced plans to greatly increase the biometric data it collects at US borders.[690] In 2018, Singapore began trials of iris scanning at three land and maritime immigration checkpoints.[691][692]
Foreign travel statistics
These are the numbers of visits by U.S. nationals to various countries in 2015 (unless otherwise noted):
- Data for 2016
- Data for 2017
- Data for 2014
- Counting only guests in tourist accommodation establishments.
- Data for 2013
- Data for arrivals by air only.
- Data for 2012
- Excluding one-day visits
- Data for 2010
- Data for 2007
- Data for 2009
- Data for 2005
- Data for arrivals by air only.
- Data for 2015
See also
Notes
- Using dense ranking.
-
- Vientiane
- Savannakhet
- Khammuan
- Bokeo
-
- Panghok - Taichang (Vietnam)
- Samliemkham - (Thailand and Myanmar)
- Nonghaed - Nam kanh (Vietnam)
- Nam phao - Cau treo (Vietnam)
- Na pao - Cha lo (Vietnam)
- Daensavan - Lao bao (Vietnam)
- Veunkham - Nong nok khian (Cambodia)
- Vang tao - Chongmek (Thailand)
- Boten - Bo han (China)
- Nam ngeun - Huay konl (Thailand)
- Namheuang - Nakaseng (Thailand)
- Nam soy - Na meo (Vietnam)
- Phoukeua - Kontoum (Vietnam)
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Many tourists, people on working holidays, and some students and workers coming to New Zealand must pay an International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy (IVL) of NZD $35.
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Australian citizens and permanent residents can visit, work and live in New Zealand. You do not need a visa before you travel to New Zealand.
- Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
- "Nicaragua Country Specific Information – Entry/Exit Requirements for U.S. Citizens". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 6 November 2015.
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- Visa-free countries, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Poland.
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While a requirement for a biometric entry-exit system has been in law for over a decade, it is not yet a reality. Many reasons for the long gestating development have been documented in BPC’s 2014 report Entry-Exit System: Progress, Challenges, and Outlook, including the technological, operational, and cost challenges of creating exit systems and infrastructure where none exist today. However, many critics, especially in Congress, simply accused the Department of Homeland security of dragging its feet... the major operational, logistical, and technical challenge in implementing exit capability at our ports has been the land borders. Unlike airports and seaports, the land border environment is not physically controlled, there is no means to get advance information on who is arriving, and the sheer volume of travel—both vehicular and pedestrian—creates challenges in any system to not further exacerbate delays. While biometric exit for land vehicular traffic is still in the “what if” stage, CBP is moving ahead and piloting systems and technology to use with the large population of pedestrian crossers at the U.S.-Mexico border.
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