List of state leaders in 1911

This is a list of heads of state, heads of governments, and other rulers in the year 1911.

Africa

Dervish state (unrecognized state) –
- Monarch - Mohammed Abdullah Hassan, Leader of the Dervish State (1896–1920)
Ethiopia –
- Monarch - Menelik II, Emperor of Ethiopia (1889–1913)
- Chief Minister - Habte Giyorgis Dinagde, Chief Minister of Ethiopia (1909–1927)
Liberia –
- President - Arthur Barclay, President of Liberia (1904–1912)
Morocco –
- Monarch - Abd al-Hafid of Morocco, Sultan of Morocco (1908–1912)
South Africa –
- Monarch - George V, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1910–1936)
- Governor-General - Viscount Gladstone, Governor-General of South Africa (1910–1914)
- Prime Minister - Louis Botha, Prime Minister of South Africa (1910–1919)
Wadai Empire –
- Monarch - 'Asil, Kolak of Wadai (1909–1912)

Asia

Afghanistan –
- Monarch - Habibullah Khan, Emir of Afghanistan (1901–1919)
Asir –
- Monarch - Muhammad ibn Ali al-Idrisi, Emir of Asir (1909–1923)
Bukhara –
- Monarch -
  1. 'Abd al-Ahad Khan, Emir of Bukhara (1885–1911)
  2. Mohammed Alim Khan, Emir of Bukhara (1911–1920)
China –
- Emperor - Puyi, Emperor of China (1908–1912)
- Premier -
  1. Yikuang, Prime Minister of the Imperial Cabinet (1911)
  2. Yuan Shikai, Prime Minister of the Imperial Cabinet (1911–1912)
- Mongolia –
  - declared independence from China on 29 December 1911
  - Monarch - Bogd Khan, Khan of the Bogd Khanate (1911–1919)
Hejaz (unrecognized state) –
- Monarch - Hussein bin Ali, King of Hejaz (1908–1924)[1]
Jabal Shammar –
- Monarch - Saud bin Abdulaziz, Emir of Jabal Shammar (1910–1920)
Japan –
- Monarch - Mutsuhito, Emperor of Japan (1867–1912)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Katsura Tarō, Prime Minister of Japan (1908–1911)
  2. Saionji Kinmochi, Prime Minister of Japan (1911–1912)
Khiva –
- Monarch - Isfandiyar Jurji Bahadur, Khan of Khiva (1910–1918)
Muscat and Oman –
- Monarch - Faisal bin Turki, Sultan of Muscat and Oman (1888–1913)
Nejd and Hasa –
- Monarch - Ibn Saud, Emir of Nejd and Hasa (1902–1953)[2]
Nepal –
- Monarch -
  1. Prithvi, King of Nepal (1881–1911)
  2. Tribhuvan, King of Nepal (1911–1950)
- Prime Minister - Chandra Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana, Maharaja of Lamjung and Kaski, Prime Minister of Nepal (1901–1929)
Ottoman Empire –
- Monarch - Mehmed V, Emperor of the Ottomans (1909–1918)
- Head of Government -
  1. Ibrahim Hakki Pasha, Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire (1910–1911)
  2. Mehmed Said Pasha, Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire (1911–1912)
Persia –
- Monarch - Ahmad Shah Qajar, Shah of Persia (1909–1925)
- Regent - Nasir al-Mulk, Regent of Persia (1910–1914)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Mostowfi ol-Mamalek, Prime Minister of Persia (1910–1911)
  2. Mohammad Vali Khan Tonekaboni, Prime Minister of Persia (1911)
  3. Najaf-Qoli Khan Bakhtiari, Prime Minister of Persia (1911–1913)
Rajpipla State - Chhatrasinhji (1897-1915)
Siam
- Monarch – Vajiravudh, King of Siam (1910–1925)

Europe

Andorra –
- Monarchs -
  - French Co-Prince - Armand Fallières, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1906–1913)
    - Co-Prince's Representative - Charles Romeu (1887–1933)
  - Episcopal Co-Prince - Juan Benlloch i Vivó, Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra (1907–1919)
    - Co-Prince's Representative - Francesc Pallerola i Gabriel (1886–1915)
- First Syndic -
  1. Pere Moles, First Syndic of Andorra (1906–1911)
  2. Bonaventura Maestre, First Syndic of Andorra (1911–1912)
Austria-Hungary –
- Monarch - Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary (1848-1916)
- Heads of Government -
  - Cisleithania (Austria) -
    1. Count Richard von Bienerth-Schmerling, Minister-President of Austria (1908–1911)
    2. Paul Gautsch von Frankenthurn, Minister-President of Austria (1911)
    3. Karl von Stürgkh, Minister-President of Austria (1911–1916)
  - Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen (Hungary) - Károly Khuen-Héderváry, Prime Minister of Hungary (1910–1912)
Belgium –
- Monarch - Albert I, King of the Belgians (1909–1934)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Frans Schollaert, Cabinet Chief of Belgium (1908–1911)
  2. Count Charles de Broqueville, Cabinet Chief of Belgium (1911–1918)
Bulgaria –
- Monarch - Ferdinand I, Tsar of the Bulgarians (1887–1918)[3]
- Premier -
  1. Aleksandar Malinov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bulgaria (1908–1911)
  2. Ivan Evstratiev Geshov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bulgaria (1911–1913)
Denmark –
- Monarch - Frederick VIII, King of Denmark (1906–1912)
- Prime Minister - Klaus Berntsen, Council President of Denmark (1910–1913)
France –
- President - Armand Fallières, President of France (1906–1913)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Aristide Briand, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1909–1911)
  2. Ernest Monis, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1911)
  3. Joseph Caillaux, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1911–1912)
Germany –
- Monarch - Wilhelm II, German Emperor (1888–1918)
- Head of Government - Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg, Chancellor of Germany (1909–1917)
Greece –
- Monarch - George I, King of the Hellenes (1863–1913)
- Prime Minister - Eleftherios Venizelos, Prime Minister of Greece (1910–1915)
Italy –
- Monarch - Victor Emmanuel III, King of Italy (1900–1946)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Luigi Luzzatti, Prime Minister of Italy (1910–1911)
  2. Giovanni Giolitti, Prime Minister of Italy (1911–1914)
Liechtenstein –
- Monarch - Johann II, Prince Regnant of Liechtenstein (1859–1929)
Luxembourg –
- Monarch - William IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (1905–1912)
- Prime Minister - Paul Eyschen, President of the Government of Luxembourg (1888–1915)
Monaco –
- Monarch - Albert I, Sovereign Prince of Monaco (1889–1922)
- Head of Government - Émile Flach, Acting Minister of State of Monaco (1911–1917)
Montenegro –
- Monarch - Nicholas I, King of Montenegro (1860–1918)[4]
- Prime Minister - Lazar Tomanović, Prime Minister of Montenegro (1910–1912)
Netherlands –
- Monarch - Wilhelmina, Queen of the Netherlands (1890–1948)[5]
- Prime Minister - Theo Heemskerk, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Netherlands (1908–1913)
Norway –
- Monarch - Haakon VII, King of Norway (1905–1957)[5]
- Prime Minister - Wollert Konow, Prime Minister of Norway (1910–1912)
Portugal –
- President -
  1. Manuel de Arriaga, President of Portugal (1911–1915)
- Head of Government -
  1. Teófilo Braga, President of the Provisional Government of Portugal (1910–1911)
  2. João Pinheiro Chagas, President of the Ministry of Portugal (1911)
  3. Augusto de Vasconcelos, President of the Ministry of Portugal (1911–1912)
Romania –
- Monarch - Carol I, King of Romania (1866–1914)
- Premier - Petre P. Carp, Prime Minister of Romania (1910–1912)
Russian Empire –
- Emperor - Nicholas II, Emperor of All Russia (1894–1917)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Pyotr Stolypin, Prime Minister of Russia (1906–1911)
  2. Vladimir Kokovtsov, Prime Minister of Russia (1911–1914)
San Marino –
- Captains Regent -
  1. Giovanni Belluzzi and Luigi Lonfernini, Captains Regent of San Marino (1910–1911)
  2. Moro Morri and Cesare Stacchini, Captains Regent of San Marino (1911)
  3. Onofrio Fattori and Angelo Manzoni Borghesi, Captains Regent of San Marino (1911–1912)
Serbia –
- Monarch - Peter I, King of Serbia (1903–1918)[6]
- Prime Minister -
  1. Nikola Pašić, President of the Ministerial Council of Serbia (1909–1911)
  2. Milovan Milovanović, President of the Ministerial Council of Serbia (1911–1912)
Spain –
- Monarch - Alfonso XIII, King of Spain (1886–1931)
- Prime Minister - José Canalejas, President of the Council of Ministers of Spain (1910–1912)
Sweden –
- Monarch – Gustaf V, King of Sweden (1907–1950)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Arvid Lindman, Prime Minister of Sweden (1906–1911)
  2. Karl Staaff, Prime Minister of Sweden (1911–1914)
Switzerland –
- Federal Council:[7]
  Adolf Deucher (1883–1912), Eduard Müller (1895–1919), Ernst Brenner (1897–1911), Robert Comtesse (1899–1912), Marc-Émile Ruchet (1899–1912, President), Ludwig Forrer (1902-1917), Josef Anton Schobinger (1908–1911), Arthur Hoffmann (1911–1917), Giuseppe Motta (1911–1940)
United Kingdom –
- Monarch - George V, King of the United Kingdom (1910–1936)
- Prime Minister - H. H. Asquith, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1908–1916)

North America

Canada –
- Monarch - George V, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1910–1936)
- Governor General -
  1. Albert Grey, 4th Earl Grey, Governor General of Canada (1904–1911)
  2. Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, Governor General of Canada (1911–1916)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Wilfrid Laurier, Prime Minister of Canada (1896–1911)
  2. Sir Robert Borden, Prime Minister of Canada (1911–1920)
Costa Rica –
- President - Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno, President of Costa Rica (1910–1914)
Cuba –
- President - José Miguel Gómez, President of Cuba (1909–1913)
Dominican Republic –
- President -
  1. Ramón Cáceres, President of the Dominican Republic (1905–1911)
  2. Council of Secretaries of State: Miguel Antonio Román and José María Cabral (1911)
  3. Eladio Victoria, Provisional President of the Dominican Republic (1911–1912)
El Salvador –
- President -
  1. Fernando Figueroa, President of El Salvador (1907–1911)
  2. Manuel Enrique Araujo, President of El Salvador (1911–1913)
Guatemala –
- President - Manuel Estrada Cabrera, President of Guatemala (1898–1920)
Haiti –
- President -
  1. François C. Antoine Simon, President of Haiti (1908–1911)
  2. Cincinnatus Leconte, President of Haiti (1911–1912)
Honduras –
- President -
  1. Miguel R. Dávila, President of Honduras (1907–1911)
  2. Francisco Bertrand, President of Honduras (1911–1912)
Mexico –
- President -
  1. Porfirio Díaz, President of Mexico (1884–1911)
  2. Francisco León de la Barra, President of Mexico (1911)
  3. Francisco I. Madero, President of Mexico (1911–1913)
Newfoundland –
- Monarch - George V, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1910–1936)
- Governor - Ralph Champneys Williams, Governor of Newfoundland (1909–1913)
- Prime Minister - Sir Edward Patrick Morris, Prime Minister of Newfoundland (1909–1917)
Nicaragua –
- President -
  1. Juan José Estrada, President of Nicaragua (1910–1911)
  2. Adolfo Díaz, President of Nicaragua (1911–1917)
Panama –
- President - Pablo Arosemena, President of Panama (1910–1912)
United States –
- President - William Howard Taft, President of the United States (1909–1913)

Oceania

Australia –
- Monarch - George V, King of the United Kingdom (1910–1936)
- Governor-General -
  1. William Ward, 2nd Earl of Dudley, Governor-General of Australia (1908–1911)
  2. Thomas Denman, 3rd Baron of Denman, Governor-General of Australia (1911–1914)
- Prime Minister - Andrew Fisher, Prime Minister of Australia (1910–1913)
New Zealand –
- Monarch - George V, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1910–1936)
- Governor - John Dickson-Poynder, Governor of New Zealand (1910–1912)
- Prime Minister - Joseph Ward, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1906–1912)

South America

Argentina –
- President - Roque Sáenz Peña, President of Argentina (1910–1914)
Bolivia –
- President - Eliodoro Villazón, President of Bolivia (1909–1913)
Brazil –
- President - Hermes da Fonseca, President of Brazil (1910–1914)
Chile –
- President - Ramón Barros Luco, President of Chile (1910–1915)
Colombia –
- President - Carlos Eugenio Restrepo, President of Colombia (1910–1914)
Ecuador –
- President -
  1. Eloy Alfaro, President of Ecuador (1906–1911)
  2. Carlos Freile Zaldumbide, Acting President of Ecuador (1911)
  3. Emilio Estrada Carmona, President of Ecuador (1911)
  4. Carlos Freile Zaldumbide, Acting President of Ecuador (1911–1912)
Paraguay –
- President -
  1. Manuel Gondra, President of Paraguay (1910–1911)
  2. Albino Jara, Provisional President of Paraguay (1911)
  3. Liberato Marcial Rojas, Provisional President of Paraguay (1911–1912)
Peru –
- President - Augusto B. Leguía, President of Peru (1908–1912)
Uruguay –
- President -
  1. Claudio Williman, President of Uruguay (1907–1911)
  2. José Batlle y Ordóñez, President of Uruguay (1911–1915)
Venezuela –
- President - Juan Vicente Gómez, President of Venezuela (1908–1913)

References

Hussein bin Ali was Sharif and Emir of Mecca from 1908 and King of Hejaz from 1916.
Ibn Saud was Emir of Nejd and Hasa between 1902 and 1921, Sultan of Nejd between 1921 and 1927, King of Nejd between 1927 and 1932 additionally King of Hejaz between 1926 and 1932 (collectively referred to as King of Nejd and Hejaz), and King of Saudi Arabia from 1932.
Bulgaria only became independent in 1908.
Montenegro was only recognized as an independence state in 1878.
In exile between 1940 and 1945.
Peter I was King of Serbia from 1903 to 1918 and King of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes from 1918 to 1921.
The seven member Swiss Federal Council is the collective head of state and the government of Switzerland. Within the Council, the President of the Swiss Confederation serves solely in a primus inter pares capacity for one year.

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[1] Hussein bin Ali was Sharif and Emir of Mecca from 1908 and King of Hejaz from 1916.

[Saud-2] Ibn Saud was Emir of Nejd and Hasa between 1902 and 1921, Sultan of Nejd between 1921 and 1927, King of Nejd between 1927 and 1932 additionally King of Hejaz between 1926 and 1932 (collectively referred to as King of Nejd and Hejaz), and King of Saudi Arabia from 1932.

[3] Bulgaria only became independent in 1908.

[4] Montenegro was only recognized as an independence state in 1878.

[In_exile_between_1940_and_1945-5] In exile between 1940 and 1945.

[Serbs_1921-6] Peter I was King of Serbia from 1903 to 1918 and King of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes from 1918 to 1921.

[7] The seven member Swiss Federal Council is the collective head of state and the government of Switzerland. Within the Council, the President of the Swiss Confederation serves solely in a primus inter pares capacity for one year.