List of state leaders in the 16th-century Holy Roman Empire

Main

  • Maximilian I, Emperor Elect (1508–1519), King (1486–1519)
  • Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (1530–1556), King (1519–1556)
  • Ferdinand I, Emperor Elect (1558–1564), King (1531–1564)
  • Maximilian II, Emperor Elect (1564–1576), King (1562–1576)
  • Rudolph II, Emperor Elect (1576–1612), King (1575–1612)
  • Balthasar Merklin, Vice Chancellor (1527–1531)
  • Matthias von Held, Vice Chancellor (1531–1541)
  • Johann von Naves, Vice Chancellor (1541–1547)
  • Jakob von Jonas, Vice Chancellor (1547–1558)
  • Georg Sigmund Seld, Vice Chancellor (1559–1563)
  • Johann Ulrich Zasius, Vice Chancellor (1566–1570)
  • Siegmund Vieheuser, Vice Chancellor (1577–1587)
  • Jacob Kurz von Senftenau, Vice Chancellor (1587–1594)
  • Johann Wolfgang Freymann, Vice Chancellor (1594–1597)
  • Rudolf Coraduz von und zu Nußdorf, Vice Chancellor (1597–1606)

Austrian

  • Heinrich V. von Hewen, Prince-bishop (1491–1505)
  • Paul Ziegler, Administrator (1505–1509), Administrator (1509–1541)
  • Lucius Iter, Prince-bishop (1541–1549)
  • Thomas Planta, Prince-bishop (1549–1565)
  • Beatus a Porta, Prince-bishop (1565–1581)
  • Peter de Raschèr, Prince-bishop (1581–1601)
  • Georg II. Bombastus von Hohenheim, Prince-prior (1554–1566)
  • Adam von Schwalbach, Prince-prior (1567–1573)
  • Philipp Flach von Schwarzenberg,[1] Prince-prior (1573–1594)
  • Philip Riedesel zu Camberg, Prince-prior (1594–1598)
  • Bernhard IV. von Angelach-Angelach, Prince-prior (1598–1599)
  • Johann Philipp Lesch von Mühlheim,[2] Prince-prior (1599–1601)

Bavarian

  • Balthasar Hirschauer, Provost (1496–1508)
  • Gregor Rainer, Provost (1508–1522)
  • Wolfgang I Lenberger, Provost (1523–1541)
  • Wolfgang II Griestätter, Provost (1541–1559), Prince-provost (1559–1567)
  • Jakob II Putrich, Prince-provost (1567–1594)
  • Ferdinand of Bavaria, Prince-provost (1594–1650)
  • Wolfgang, Count (1490–1519)
  • Ulrich II, Count (1519–1524)
  • Christoph, Count (1524–1551)
  • Joachim, Count (1551–1600)
  • Henry VII, Count (1600–1603)
  • William, Lord (1482–1508)
  • Joachim, Lord (1508–1536)
  • Wolfgang I, Lord (1536–1558)
  • Christopher, Lord (1558–1569)
  • Wolfgang II, Lord (1558–1585)
  • Philip, Lord (1558–1619)
  • Rupert II, Prince-bishop (1492–1507)
  • John III of the Palatinate, Prince-bishop (1507–1538)
  • Pankraz von Sinzenhofen, Prince-bishop (1538–1548)
  • Georg von Pappenheim, Prince-bishop (1548–1563)
  • Vitus von Fraunberg, Prince-bishop (1563–1567)
  • David Kölderer von Burgstall, Prince-bishop (1567–1579)
  • Philipp von Bayern, Prince-bishop (1579–1598)
  • Sigmund von Fugger, Prince-bishop (1598–1600)
  • Wolfgang II von Hausen, Prince-bishop (1600–1613)

Bohemian and Hungary

Bohemia, Hungary

  • Vladislaus II, King of Bohemia (1471–1516), of Hungary (1490–1516), Margrave (1490–1516)
  • Louis II, King, Margrave (1516–1526)
  • John, contested King of Hungary (1526–1540)
  • John Sigismund, contested King of Hungary (1540–1551, 1556–1570)
  • Ferdinand I, King (1526–1564), Margrave (1527–1564)
  • Maximilian II, King of Bohemia (1562–1576), of Hungary, Margrave (1564–1576)
  • Rudolph II, King of Bohemia (1576–1611), of Hungary, Margrave (1576–1608)

Burgundian-Low Countries

For the preceding rulers, see the County of Artois under the List of state leaders in the 15th century
under the Pragmatic Sanction of 1549 Charles V united Artois with the other lordships of the Low Countries
For the preceding rulers, see the County of Drenthe under the #Lower Rhenish–Westphalian
For the succeeding rulers, see the County of Drenthe under the List of state leaders in the 16th century
For the succeeding rulers, see the Lordship of Frisia under the List of state leaders in the 16th century
For the preceding rulers, see the Lordship of Groningen under the #Lower Rhenish–Westphalian
For the succeeding rulers, see the Lordship of Groningen under the List of state leaders in the 16th century
For the preceding rulers, see the Duchy of Guelders under the #Lower Rhenish–Westphalian
under the Pragmatic Sanction of 1549 Charles V united Guelders with the other lordships of the Low Countries
For the succeeding rulers, see the Duchy of Guelders under the List of state leaders in the 16th century
For the preceding rulers, see the Upper Guelders under the #Lower Rhenish–Westphalian
  • Jan van Argenteau, Stadtholder (1579–1589)
  • Marcus de Rye de la Palud, Stadtholder (1589–1592)
  • Charles of Ligne, Stadtholder (1592–1593)
  • Herman van den Bergh, Stadtholder (1593–1611)
under the Pragmatic Sanction of 1549 Charles V united Holland with the other lordships of the Low Countries
For the succeeding rulers, look under the List of state leaders in the 16th century
under the Pragmatic Sanction of 1549 Charles V united Limburg with the other lordships of the Low Countries
For the preceding rulers, see the Duchy of Luxemburg under the #Lower Rhenish–Westphalian
under the Pragmatic Sanction of 1549 Charles V united Luxembourg with the other lordships of the Low Countries
under the Pragmatic Sanction of 1549 Charles V united Namur with the other lordships of the Low Countries
For the preceding rulers, see the Lordship of Overijssel under the #Lower Rhenish–Westphalian
For the succeeding rulers, see the Lordship of Overijssel under the List of state leaders in the 16th century
  • Lords –
under the Pragmatic Sanction of 1549 Charles V united Utrecht with the other lordships of the Low Countries
For the succeeding rulers, see the Lordship of Utrecht under the #Burgundian-Low Countries

Franconian

  • Frederick the Elder, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach (1486–1536), of Brandenburg-Kulmbach (1495–1515)
  • Casimir, Margrave (1515–1527)
  • George I the Pious, Regent of Brandenburg-Kulmbach (1527–1541), Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach (1536–1543)
  • Albert Alcibiades, Margrave (1527–1553)
  • George Frederick I, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach (1543–1603), of Brandenburg-Kulmbach (1553–1603)
  • George I, Count (1498–1528)
  • Wolfgang I, Count (1498–1546)
  • Conrad II, Count (1546–1577)
  • Frederick XI, Count (1546–1552)
  • Henry IV, Count (1546–1595)
  • George II, Count (1546–1597)
partitioned into Castell-Remlingen and Castell-Rüdenhausen
  • Gabriel von Eyb, Prince-bishop (1496–1535)
  • Christoph von Pappenheim-Stahlingen, Prince-bishop (1535–1539)
  • Moritz von Hutten, Prince-bishop (1539–1552)
  • Eberhard II von Hirnheim, Prince-bishop (1552–1560)
  • Martin von Schaumburg, Prince-bishop (1560–1590)
  • Kaspar von Seckendorf, Prince-bishop (1590–1595)
  • Johann Konrad von Gemmingen, Prince-bishop (1595–1612)
  • Ludwig Kasimir, Count (1551–1568)
  • Albrecht, co-Count (1568–c.1586)
  • Friedrich, co-Count of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein (1568–1586), Count of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (1586–1590)
  • Philipp, co-Count of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein (1568–1586), Count (1586–1606)
  • Wolfgang, co-Count of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein (1568–1586), Count of Hohenlohe-Weikersheim (1586–1606), of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein (1586–1610)
  • Ludwig Eberhard of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Pfedelbach (1600–1650)
  • Kraft VI, Count (1472–1503)
  • Georg, Count (1503–1551)
  • Eberhard von Hohenlohe-Waldenburg, Count (1551–1570)
  • Wolfgang, co-Count of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein (1568–1586), Count of Hohenlohe-Weikersheim (1586–1606), of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein (1586–1610)
  • Georg Friedrich I. von Hohenlohe-Waldenburg, Count (1570–1600)
  • Georg Friedrich II, Count (1600–1635)

Electoral Rhenish

  • Margaret, Countess (1544–1576), Princely Countess (1576–1599), and Jean de Ligne, Count (1547–1568)
  • Charles, Princely Count (1599–1616)
  • Gerlach II, Count (1488–1502)
  • Heinrich, Count (1521/22–1553)
  • Johann Heinrich, Count (c.1565)
  • Arnold, Count (?–1577)
  • Salentin VIII, Count (1577–1610)
Palatinate-Neuburg
Palatinate-Simmern
Palatinate-Veldenz
Palatinate-Veldenz-Gutenberg
Palatinate-Veldenz-Lützelstein
Palatinate-Zweibrücken
Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld
Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Vohenstrauss-Parkstein
  • Otto III, Count (1492–1510)
  • Antonius, Count (1510–1526)
  • Johann IV, Count (1526–1527)
  • Jobst I, Count (1527–1531)
  • Johann IV, Count (1531–1560)
  • Jobst II, Count (1531–1581)
  • Otto IV, Count (1544–1576)
  • Adolf XI, Count (1576–1601)

Lower Rhenish–Westphalian

  • Eberwin II, Count (1473–1530)
  • Otto, Count (1450–1508)
  • Nicholas III, Count (1493–1508)
  • Nicholas IV, Count (1508–1541)
  • Conrad, Count (1541–1547)
  • Maximilian, Count (1547–1548)
  • Anna, Count (1548–1555)
  • Arnold II, Count (1498–1544)
  • Eberwin III, Count (1544–1562)
  • Arnold III, Count (1562–1606)
  • Anna of Tecklenburg, Regent (1562–1577)
  • Otto VIII, Count (1493–1526)
  • Conrad of Bentheim-Lingen, Count (1526–1557)
  • Arnold III, Count of Bentheim-Tecklenburg (1562–1606)
  • Hermann III von Bömelberg, Prince-abbot (1479–1504)
  • Franz von Ketteler, Prince-abbot (1504–1547)
  • Kaspar I von Hörsel, Prince-abbot (1547–1555)
  • Reiner II von Bocholtz, Prince-abbot (1555–1585)
  • Dietrich IV. von Beringhausen, Prince-abbot (1585–1616)
For the succeeding rulers, see the County of Drenthe under the #Burgundian-Low Countries
  • Meina von Daun-Oberstein, Princess-Abbess (1489–1521)
  • Margarete II von Beichlingen, Princess-Abbess (1521–1534)
  • Sibylle von Montfort, Princess-Abbess (1534–1551)
  • Katharina von Tecklenburg, Princess-Abbess (1551–1560)
  • Maria von Spiegelberg, Princess-Abbess (1560–1561)
  • Irmgard von Diepholz, Princess-Abbess (1561–1575)
  • Elisabeth VI von Manderscheid-Blankenheim-Gerolstein, Princess-Abbess (1575–1578)
  • Elisabeth VII von Sayn, Princess-Abbess (1578–1588)
  • Elisabeth VIII von Manderscheid-Blankenheim, Princess-Abbess (1588–1598)
  • Margarete Elisabeth von Manderscheid-Blankenheim, Princess-Abbess (1598–1604)
  • Cristoffel van Meurs, Stadtholder (1519–1522)
  • Jasper van Marwijck, Stadtholder (1522–1530)
  • Charles of Guelders, Stadtholder (1530–1536)
  • Ludolf Coenders, Stadtholder (1536–?)
  • Georg Schenck van Toutenburg, Stadtholder (1536–1540)
  • Maximiliaan van Egmond, Stadtholder (1540–1548)
For the succeeding rulers, see the Lordship of Groningen under the #Burgundian-Low Countries
For the succeeding rulers, see the Duchy of Guelders under the #Burgundian-Low Countries
For the succeeding rulers, see the Upper Groningen under the #Burgundian-Low Countries
  • Reinier of Guelders, Stadtholder (1502–1522)
For the succeeding rulers, see the Upper Groningen under the #Burgundian-Low Countries
  • Bonizet of Limburg-Stirum, Abbess (1494–1524)
  • Anna II of Limburg, Abbess (1524–1565)
  • Margaret II of Lippe, Abbess (1565–1578)
  • Felicitas I of Eberstein, Abbess (1578–1586)
  • Magdalene I of Lippe, Abbess (1586–1604)
  • John, Count (1473–1508)
For the succeeding rulers, see the Duchy of Luxemburg under the #Burgundian-Low Countries
  • John V, Count (1500–1526)
  • John VI, Count (1526–1529)
  • George, Count (1526–1529)
  • Christopher, Count (1526–1566)
  • Anthony I, Count (1526–1573)
  • John VII, Count (1573–1603)
  • Anthony II, Count of Oldenburg-Delmenhorst, Count (1573–1619)
  • Lords –
under the Pragmatic Sanction of 1549 Charles V united Overijssel with the other lordships of the Low Countries
For the succeeding rulers, see the Lordship of Overijssel under the #Burgundian-Low Countries
  • John, Count (1460–1521)
  • Gerard III, co-Count (1493–1506)
  • Sebastian I, Count (1493–1598)
  • John IV, co-Count (1498–1529)
  • John V, co-Count (1529–1560)
  • Sebastian II, co-Count (1529–1573)
  • Adolph, co-Count (1560–1568)
  • Herman, co-Count (1560–1571)
  • Henry IV, co-Count (1560–1606)
  • Lords –
under the Pragmatic Sanction of 1549 Charles V united Utrecht with the other lordships of the Low Countries
For the succeeding rulers, see the Lordship of Utrecht under the #Burgundian-Low Countries
  • William III, Count (1487–1526)
  • John I, Count (1487–1533)
  • Philip, Count (1533–1535)
  • John II, Count (1535–1581)
  • Herman I, Count (1581–1591)
  • William IV, Count (1581–1612)
  • Herman II, Count (1581–1631)
  • William III, Count (1487–1526)
  • John I, Count (1526–1533)
  • Philip, Count (1533–1535)
  • John II, Count (1535–1581)
  • Herman I, co-Count (1581–1591)
  • William IV, co-Count (1581–1612)
  • Herman II, Count (1581–1631)

Upper Rhenish

  • Johann von Martorf, Senior Mayor (1599–1600)
  • Johann Ludwig von Glauburg, Senior Mayor (1600–1601)
  • Johann II of Henneberg-Schleusingen, Prince-abbot (1472–1513)
  • Hartmann II. Burggraf von Kirchberg, Prince-abbot (1513–1521/29)
  • Johann III. Graf von Henneberg-Schleusingen, Prince-abbot (1521/29–1541)
  • Philipp Schenk zu Schweinsberg, Prince-abbot (1541–1550)
  • Wolfgang Dietrich von Eusigheim, Prince-abbot (1550–1558)
  • Wolfgang Schutzbar (named Milchling), Prince-abbot (1558–1567)
  • Philipp Georg Schenk zu Schweinsberg, Prince-abbot (1567–1568)
  • Wilhelm Hartmann von Klauer zu Wohra, Prince-abbot (1568–1570)
  • Balthasar von Dernbach, Prince-abbot (1570–1606, but exiled 1576–1602)
  • Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn, Administrator (1576–1602)
  • Wolfgang Ernst I. von Isenburg-Büdingen, Count (1596–1633)
  • Gerlach III, Count (1502–1530)
  • Henry the Elder, Count (1530–1552)
  • Anthony, Count (1552–1554)
  • John, Count (1554–1556)
  • Arnold, Count (1556–1577)
  • Salentin VII, Count (1577–1610)
  • Reinhard I, Count (?–1522)
  • Kuno II, Count (1522–1547)
  • Reinhard II, Count (1547–1584)
  • Albrecht Philipp, Count (1584–1597)
  • Johann Ludwig, Count (1597)
  • Philipp I, Count (1547–1597)
  • Louis, Count (1597–1622)
  • George I, Count (1547–1586)
  • Philipp Jacob, Count (1586–1612)
  • Emich VIII, Count (1495–1535)[3]
  • Emich IX, Count (1535–1541)
  • Johann Philipp I, Count (1539–1562)[3]
  • Emich XII, Count (1562–1607)
  • Peter, Count (1479–1505)
  • John III, Count (1505–1537)
  • John IV, Count (1537–1559)
  • Werner, Count (1559–1629)
  • John VI, Count (1451–1505)
  • John VII, Count (1505–1548)
  • John VIII, Count (1548–1600)
  • Louis, Count (1443–1503)
  • Ulrick, Count (1503–1506)
  • Otto II, Count (1459–1504)
  • Bernhard III, Count (1504–1547)
  • Philipp, Count (1547–1581)
  • Konrad, Count (1581–1592)
  • Johann Albrecht I, Count (1592–1623)
  • Philip, Rhinegrave (1499–1521)
  • Philip Francis, Rhinegrave (1521–1561)
  • John Philip I, Rhinegrave (1561–1569)
  • Frederick, Rhinegrave (1569–1574)
  • Adolf Henry, Rhinegrave (1574–1606)
  • Frederick I, Rhinegrave (1561–1610)
  • Friedrich I, Count (1574–1608)
  • Ludwig of Helmstädt, Prince-bishop (1478–1504)
  • Philip I of Rosenberg, Prince-bishop (1504–1513)
  • George, Count Palatine by Rhine, Prince-bishop (1513–1529)
  • Philip II of Flersheim, Prince-bishop (1529–1552)
  • Rudolf of Frankenstein, Prince-bishop (1552–1560)
  • Marquard Freiherr of Hattstein, Prince-bishop (1560–1581)
  • Eberhard of Dienheim, Prince-bishop (1581–1610)
  • John I, Count (1539–1567)
  • Philip VI, Count (1567–1579)
  • Francis III, Count (1579–1597)
  • Philip II, Regent (1475–1486), Count (1486–1524)
  • Philip III, Count (1524–1539)
  • Wolrad II, Count (1539–1578)
  • Josias I, Count (1578–1588)
  • Christian, Count of Waldeck-Eisenberg (1588–1607), of Waldeck-Wildungen (1607–1637)
  • Henry VIII, Count of Waldeck-Waldeck (1475–1486), of Waldeck-Widlungen (1486–1512)
  • Philipp IV, Count (1513–1574)
  • Daniel, Count (1574–1577)
  • Henry IX, Count (1577)
  • Günther, Count (1577–1585)
  • Wilhelm Ernst, Count (1585–1598)

Lower Saxon

  • John V, co-Duke (1439–1507)
  • Magnus I, Duke (1507–1543)
  • Francis I, Duke (1543–1571, 1573/74–1581)
  • Magnus II, Duke (1571–1573/74)
  • Augustus, co-Vicegerent (1578–1581), co-Administrator (1581–1586), co-Duke (1586–1612)
  • Francis II, co-Vicegerent (1578–1581), co-Administrator (1581–1586), co-Duke (1586–1619)
  • John III, Prince-archbishop (1497–1511)
  • Christopher the Spendthrift, Prince-archbishop (1511–1542/1547, 1549–1558)
  • George of Brunswick and Lunenburg (Wolfenbüttel line), Prince-archbishop (1558–1566 )
  • Henry III, Prince-archbishop (1568–1585)
  • John Adolphus of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp, Prince-archbishop (1589–1596)
  • John Frederick, Prince-archbishop (1596–1634)
  • Henry the Elder, Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (1491–1514), co-Prince of Calenberg (1491–1494)
  • Henry V the Younger, Prince (1514–1568)
  • Julius, Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (1568–1589), of Calenberg (1584–1589)
  • Henry Julius, Prince of Wolfenbüttel, of Calenberg (1589–1613), of Grubenhagen (1596–1613)
  • Eric I, co-Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (1491–1494), Prince of Calenberg (1491–1540)
  • Eric II, Prince (1545–1584)
  • Julius, Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (1568–1589), of Calenberg (1584–1589)
  • Henry Julius, Prince of Wolfenbüttel, of Calenberg (1589–1613), of Grubenhagen (1596–1613)
  • Francis, co-Prince of Lüneburg (1536–1539), Prince of Gifhorn (1539–1549)
annexed by Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
  • Johann Spreckelsen, Mayor (1512)
  • Nicolaus Thode, Mayor (1517)
  • Thidericus Hohusen, Mayor (1517)
  • Mayorship unoccupied (1519–1520), Dietrich Hohusen, Second Mayor (1517–1546)[4]
  • Erhard vom Holte, Mayor (1520–1529)[4]
  • Hinrich Salsborg, Mayor (1523)
  • Johann Hülpe, Mayor (1524)
  • Johann Wetken, Mayor (1529–1533)[4]
  • Paul Grote, Mayor (1531)
  • Albert Westede, Mayor (1533–1538)[4]
  • Johann Rodenborg, Mayor (1536)
  • Peter von Spreckelsen, Mayor (1538–1553)[4]
  • Jürgen Plate, Mayor (1546)
  • Matthias Rheder, Mayor (1547)
  • Ditmar Koel, Mayor (1548)
  • Albert Hackmann, Mayor (1553–1580)[4]
  • Mayorship unoccupied (1580–1581), Paul Grote, Second Mayor (1580–1584)[4]
  • Lorenz Niebur, Mayor (1557)
  • Hermann Wetken, Mayor (1564)
  • Eberhard Moller, Mayor (1571)
  • Paul Grote, Mayor (1580)
  • Johann Niebur, Mayor (1557)[4]
  • Nicolaus Vögeler, Mayor (1581)
  • Joachim vom Kape, Mayor (1588)
  • Diedrich von Eitzen, Mayor (1589)
  • Mayorship unoccupied (1590–1591), Joachim von Kape, Second Mayor (1588–1594)[4]
  • Erich von der Fechte, Mayor (1591–1613)[4]
  • Joachim Bekendorp, Mayor (1593)
  • Diederich vom Holte, Mayor (1595)
  • Vincent Moller, Mayor (1599)
  • Otto III, Count (1492–1510)
  • Antonius, Count (1510–1526)
  • Johann IV, Count (1526–1527)
  • Jobst I, Count (1527–1531)
  • Adolph XIII, Count (1531–1544)
  • Jobst II, Count (1531–1581)
  • Otto IV, Count (1544–1576)
  • Adolf XI, Count (1576–1601)
  • Theodoric II, Prince-bishop (1492–1506)
  • Wilhem Westphal, Prince-bishop (1506–1509)
  • John VIII, Prince-bishop (1510–1523)
  • Henry III, Prince-bishop (1523–1535)
  • Detlev von Reventlow, Prince-bishop (1535–1535)
  • Balthasar Rantzau, Prince-bishop (1536–1547)
  • Jodokus Hodfilter, Prince-bishop (1547–1551)
  • Theodoric III, Prince-bishop (1551–1554)
  • sede vacante, Prince-bishop (1554–1556)
  • Andreas von Barby, Prince-bishop (1556–1559)
  • John IX, Prince-bishop (1559–1561)
  • Eberhard II, Prince-bishop (1561–1586)
  • John Adolf, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp, Prince-bishop (1586–1607)
  • Ludeke von Thünen, Mayor (1475–1501)
  • Heinrich Brömse (Bürgermeister), Mayor (1487–1502)
  • Hermann von Wickede II, Mayor (1489–1501)
  • Johann Hertze († 1510), Mayor (1498–1510)
  • Hartwig von Stiten († 1511), Mayor (1502–1511)
  • Tideman Berck, Mayor (1501–1521)
  • Heinrich Witte (Bürgermeister), Mayor (1513–1520)
  • David Divessen (Bürgermeister), Mayor (1503–1509)
  • Heinrich Castorp, Mayor (1512)
  • Hermann Meyer (Bürgermeister), Mayor (1510–1528)
  • Thomas von Wickede (1470–1527), Mayor (1511–1527)
  • Hermann Falcke, Mayor (1522–1530)
  • Nikolaus Brömse, Mayor (1520–1531; 1535–1543)
  • Joachim Gercken, Mayor (1531–1544)
  • Mattheus Packebusch, Mayor (1528–1532; 1534–1537)
  • Hermann Plönnies, Mayor (1529–1531)
  • Gotthard III. von Hoeveln, Mayor (1531–1552)
  • Nikolaus Bardewik, Mayor (1544–1560)
  • Anton von Stiten, Mayor (1540–1564)
  • Gottschalck Lunte, Mayor (1531–1532)
  • Jürgen Wullenwever, Mayor (1533–1535)
  • Ludwig Taschenmaker, Mayor (1533–1535)
  • Eberhard Störtelberg, Mayor (1545–1549)
  • Paul Wibbeking, Mayor (1560)
  • Ambrosius Meyer, Mayor (1551)
  • Bartholomeus Tinnappel, Mayor (1564)
  • Hermann Falke (Politiker), Mayor (1553)
  • Christoph Tode, Mayor (1560–1566)
  • Anton Lüdinghusen, Mayor (1562)
  • Hieronymus Lüneburg, Mayor (1561)
  • Heinrich Plönnies, Mayor (1572)
  • Johann Brokes, Mayor (1573)
  • Dietrich von Broemse, Mayor (1588)
  • Hermann von Dorne (Politiker, 1535), Mayor (1579–1594)
  • Hermann von Vechtelde, Mayor (1571–1572)
  • Johann Lüdinghusen, Mayor (1580–1589)
  • Joachim Lüneburg, Mayor (1581)
  • Gotthard V. von Hoeveln, Mayor (1589)
  • Arnold Bonnus, Mayor (1594)
  • Hermann Warmboeke, Mayor (1589)
  • Alexander Lüneburg (Politiker, 1560), Mayor (1599)
  • Jakob Bording (Politician), Mayor (1600–1616)
  • Magnus II, co-Duke of Mecklenburg (1477–1479), of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (1479–1483), of Mecklenburg (1483–1503)
  • Balthasar, co-Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (1479–1483), of Mecklenburg (1483–1507)
  • Eric II, co-Duke (1503–1508)
  • Albrecht VII the Handsome, co-Duke of Mecklenburg (1503–1520), Duke of Mecklenburg-Güstrow (1520–1547)
  • Henry V the Peaceful, co-Duke of Mecklenburg (1503–1520), Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (1520–1552)
  • Albrecht VII the Handsome, co-Duke of Mecklenburg (1503–1520), Duke of Mecklenburg-Güstrow (1520–1547)
  • John Albert I, Duke of Mecklenburg-Güstrow (1547–1552), Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (1556–1576)
  • Ulrich I, Duke (1555–1603)
  • Henry V the Peaceful, co-Duke of Mecklenburg (1503–1520), Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (1520–1552)
  • Philip I, Duke (1552–1557)
  • John Albert I, Duke of Mecklenburg-Güstrow (1547–1552), Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (1556–1576)
  • Johann VII, Duke (1576–1592)
  • John Albert II, co-Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (1592–1621), -Güstrow (1610–1621), Duke of Mecklenburg-Güstrow (1621–1628, 1631–1636)
  • Adolf Frederick I, co-Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (1592–1621), -Güstrow (1610–1621), Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (1621–1628, 1631–1658)
  • John V, Count (1500–1526)
  • John VI, Count (1526–1529)
  • George, Count (1526–1529)
  • Christopher, Count (1526–1566)
  • Anthony I, Count (1526–1573)
  • John VII, Count (1573–1603)
  • Anthony II, Count (1573–1619)

Upper Saxon

  • Johann Wilhelm, Duke of Saxony (1566–1572), of Saxe-Weimar (1572–1573)
  • Augustus, Elector of Saxony (1553–1586), Regent of Saxe-Weimar (1573–1586), Regent of Saxe-Coburg-Eisenach (1572–1586)
  • Friedrich Wilhelm I, Duke (1573–1602)
  • Augustus, Elector of Saxony (1553–1586), Regent of Saxe-Weimar (1573–1586), Regent of Saxe-Coburg-Eisenach (1572–1586)
  • John Casimir, co-Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Eisenach (1572–1596), Duke of Saxe-Coburg (1596–1633)
  • John Ernest I, co-Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Eisenach (1572–1596), Duke of Saxe-Eisenach (1596–1633), of Saxe-Coburg-Eisenach (1633–1638)
  • John Ernest I, co-Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Eisenach (1572–1596), Duke of Saxe-Eisenach (1596–1633), of Saxe-Coburg-Eisenach (1633–1638)
  • John Casimir, co-Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Eisenach (1572–1596), Duke of Saxe-Coburg (1596–1633)
  • George II the Strong, co-Prince (1474–1509)
  • Rudolph I the Valiant, co-Prince (1474–1510)
  • Ernest I, co-Prince (1474–1516)
  • Margaret of Münsterberg, Regent (1516–1524)
  • Joachim I, co-Prince (1516–1544), Prince (1544–1561)
  • John IV, co-Prince of Anhalt-Dessau (1524–1544), of Anhalt-Zerbst (1544–1551)
  • George III, co-Prince of Anhalt-Dessau (1524–1544), of Anhalt-Plötzkau (1544–1553)
  • Karl I, co-Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (1551–1561), of Anhalt-Plötzkau (1553–1561)
  • Bernhard VII, co-Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (1551–1570), of Anhalt-Plötzkau (1553–1570), of Anhalt-Dessau (1561–1570), of Anhalt-Köthen (1562–1570)
  • Joachim Ernest, co-Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (1551–1570), of Anhalt-Plötzkau (1553–1570), of Anhalt-Dessau (1561–1570), of Anhalt-Köthen(1562–1570), Prince of Anhalt (1570–1586)
  • Waldemar VI, co-Prince (1471–1508)
  • Adolph II, co-Prince (1475–1508)
  • Magnus, co-Prince (1475–1508), Prince (1475–1508)
  • Wolfgang the Confessor, Prince (1508–1562)
  • Joachim Ernest, co-Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (1551–1570), of Anhalt-Plötzkau (1553–1570), of Anhalt-Dessau (1561–1570), of Anhalt-Köthen(1562–1570), Prince of Anhalt (1570–1586)
  • George III, co-Prince of Anhalt-Dessau (1524–1544), of Anhalt-Plötzkau (1544–1553)
  • Karl I, co-Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (1551–1561), of Anhalt-Plötzkau (1553–1561)
  • Bernhard VII, co-Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (1551–1570), of Anhalt-Plötzkau (1553–1570), of Anhalt-Dessau (1561–1570), of Anhalt-Köthen (1562–1570)
  • Joachim Ernest, co-Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (1551–1570), of Anhalt-Plötzkau (1553–1570), of Anhalt-Dessau (1561–1570), of Anhalt-Köthen(1562–1570), Prince of Anhalt (1570–1586)
  • John IV, co-Prince of Anhalt-Dessau (1524–1544), of Anhalt-Zerbst (1544–1551)
  • Karl I, co-Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (1551–1561), of Anhalt-Plötzkau (1553–1561)
  • Bernhard VII, co-Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (1551–1570), of Anhalt-Plötzkau (1553–1570), of Anhalt-Dessau (1561–1570), of Anhalt-Köthen (1562–1570)
  • Joachim Ernest, co-Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (1551–1570), of Anhalt-Plötzkau (1553–1570), of Anhalt-Dessau (1561–1570), of Anhalt-Köthen(1562–1570), Prince of Anhalt (1570–1586)
  • Joachim Ernest, co-Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (1551–1570), of Anhalt-Plötzkau (1553–1570), of Anhalt-Dessau (1561–1570), of Anhalt-Köthen(1562–1570), Prince of Anhalt (1570–1586)
  • Bernhard von Anhalt, co-Prince of Anhalt (1586–1596)
  • John Ernest, co-Prince of Anhalt (1586–1601)
  • John George I, co-Prince of Anhalt (1586–1603), of Anhalt-Dessau (1603–1618)
  • Rudolph II, co-Prince of Anhalt (1586–1603), of Anhalt-Zerbst (1603–1621)
  • Christian I, co-Prince of Anhalt (1586–1603), of Anhalt-Bernburg (1603–1630)
  • Louis I, co-Prince of Anhalt (1586–1603), of Anhalt-Köthen (1603–1650)
  • Augustus, co-Prince of Anhalt (1586–1603), of Anhalt-Plötzkau (1603–1653), Regent of Anhalt-Zerbst (1621–1642), of Anhalt-Köthen (1650–1653)
  • Bogislaw X the Great, Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast and Pomerania-Stettin (1474–1478), of Pomerania (1478–1523)
  • George I, co-Duke of Pomerania (1523–1531)
  • Barnim IX the Pious, co-Duke of Pomerania (1523–1532), Duke of Pomerania-Stettin (1532–1569)
  • Philip I the Pious, co-Duke of Pomerania (1531–1532), Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast (1532–1560)
  • Ernst Ludwig the Fair, co-Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast (1560–1569), Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast (1569–1592)
  • John Frederick the Strong, co-Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast (1560–1569), co-Duke of Pomerania-Stettin (1569–1600)
  • Barnim X the Younger, co-Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast (1560–1569), Duke of Pomerania-Rügenwalde (1569–1603), of Pomerania-Stettin (1600–1603)
  • Bogislaw XIII, co-Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast (1560–1569), co-Duke of Pomerania-Barth (1569–1603), of Pomerania-Stettin (1603–1606)
  • Philip Julius, Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast (1592–1625)
  • Barnim IX the Pious, co-Duke of Pomerania (1523–1532), Duke of Pomerania-Stettin (1532–1569)
  • John Frederick the Strong, co-Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast (1560–1569), co-Duke of Pomerania-Stettin (1569–1600)
  • Barnim X the Younger, co-Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast (1560–1569), Duke of Pomerania-Rügenwalde (1569–1603), of Pomerania-Stettin (1600–1603)
  • Heinrich IX zu Stolberg, Count (1436–1511)
  • Botho zu Stolberg, Count (1467–1538)
  • Wolfgang zu Stolberg, Count (1501–1552)
  • Ludwig zu Stolberg, Count (1505–1574)
  • Johann zu Stolberg, Count (1549–1612)
  • Heinrich XI. zu Stolberg-Stolberg, Count (1551–1615)
  • Wolfgang Georg zu Stolberg-Stolberg, Count (1582–1631)
  • Johann Martin, Count (1594–1669)

Swabian

then inherited by Christoph I to unite Baden
  • Christopher I, Margrave of Baden-Baden (1475–1503), of Baden (1503–1515)
  • Philip I, Margrave of Baden (1515–1533)
  • Bernard III, co-Margrave of Baden (1515–1533), Margrave of Baden-Baden (1533–1536)
  • Ernest I, co-Margrave of Baden (1515–1533), Margrave of Baden-Durlach (1533–1553)
  • Franziska of Luxembourg-Ligny, Regent? (1536–1554)
  • Philibert I, Margrave (1554–1569)
  • Albert V, Duke of Bavaria, Regent (1569–c.1577)
  • Philip III, Margrave (1569–1588)
  • Edward Fortunatus, Margrave of Baden-Rodemachern (1575–1588), Margrave of Baden-Baden (1588–1596)
  • Ernest Frederick, Margrave of Baden-Durlach (1577–1604), of Baden-Baden (1594–1604), Regent of Baden-Hachberg (1590–1591)
  • James III, Margrave (1577–1590)
  • Ernest Frederick, Margrave of Baden-Durlach (1577–1604), of Baden-Baden (1594–1604), Regent of Baden-Hachberg (1590–1591)
  • Ernest James, Margrave (1590–1591)
  • Wolfgang, Count (1499–1509)
  • Frederick III, Count (1509–1559)
  • Walburga Gräter, Princess-abbess (c.1478–1503)
  • Walburga Bugglin, Princess-abbess (fl.1504)
  • Katharina Becht, Princess-abbess (fl.1516 1526)
  • Barbara von Stotzingen, Princess-abbess (fl.1526–1527)
  • Magdalena von Freyberg, Princess-abbess (fl.1532–1540)
  • Maria von Landenberg, Princess-abbess (1542–1567)
  • Maria Segesser von Brunegg, Princess-abbess (1567–1610)
  • John IV, Baron (1500–1544)
  • John Marquard, Baron (1544–1553)
  • John James, Baron (1544–1567)
  • Marquard IV, Baron (1567–1626)
  • Amalia von Reischach, Princess-abbess (1491–1531)
  • Katharina II von Bodmann, Princess-abbess (1531–1578)
  • Barbara von der Breiten-Landenberg, Princess-abbess (1578–1614)
  • Georg II, Lord (1478–1528)
  • Casper, Lord (1528–1536)
  • George III, Lord (1536–1559), Baron (1559–1586)
  • Friedrich VIII, Count (1557–1579)
  • Wilhelm II, Count (1579–1602)
  • Hartmann von Knorringen-Burgau, Prince-abbot (1491–1520)
  • Gerwig Blarer von Görsperg, Prince-abbot (1520–1567)
  • Johann III Halblizel, Prince-abbot (1567–1575)
  • Johann Christoph Rastner von Zellersberg, Prince-abbot (1575–1586)
  • Georg Wegelin, Prince-abbot (1586–1627)
  • Reinhard IV, Baron (1453–1522)

Italy

States of Italy in 1494.
In 1535 the vacant duchy was annexed by the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V.
From 1556 to 1707 Milan was ruled in personal union with Spain.

References

  1. Eintrag Flach von Schwarzenberg, Philipp auf Landeskunde entdecken online – leobw
  2. Winfried Hecht: Der Villinger Johanniterkomtur Johann Philipp Lösch von Mühlheim. In: Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis: Almanach. – 33. 2009. – S. 135 – 137
  3. Ersch-Gruber:Leiningen.
  4. "Erste Bürgermeister Hamburgs 1507–2008" (PDF) (in German). Senat der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg, Senatskanzlei. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 March 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2009. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  5. Dietrich Hermann Hegewisch, Schleswigs und Holsteins Geschichte unter dem Könige Christian IV und den Herzogen Friedrich II, Philipp, Johann Adolf und Friedrich III oder von 1588 bis 1648, Kiel Neue Academische Buchhandlung, 1801, (=Wilhelm Ernst Christiani's Königlich-Dänischen wirklichen Justizraths und ordentlichen Professors der Weltweisheit, Beredsamkeit und Geschichte auf der Königl. Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Geschichte der Herzogthümer Schleswig und Holstein unter dem Oldenburgischen Hause; part 3), p. XIV.
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