List of state leaders in the 13th century
This is a list of state leaders in the 13th century (1201–1300) AD, except for the many leaders within the Holy Roman Empire.
Africa
Africa: Central
Chad
- Salmama I, Mai (1176–1203)
- Dunama Dabbalemi, Mai (1203–1242)
- Kaday I, Mai (1242–1270)
- Biri I, Mai (1270–1290)
- Ibrahim I, Mai (1290–1310)
Africa: East
Ethiopia
- Zagwe dynasty of Ethiopia (complete list) –
- Gebre Mesqel Lalibela, Negus (1189–1229)
- Na'akueto La'ab, Negus (mid 13th century)
- Yetbarak, Negus (mid 13th century)
- Mairari, Negus? (?–c.1300)
- Harbai, Negus? (13th century)
- Ethiopian Empire: Solomonic dynasty (complete list) –
- Yekuno Amlak, Emperor (1270–1285)
- Yagbe'u Seyon, Emperor (1285–1294)
- Senfa Ared IV, Emperor (1294–1295)
- Hezba Asgad, Emperor (1295–1296)
- Qedma Asgad, Emperor (1296–1297)
- Jin Asgad, Emperor (1297–1298)
- Saba Asgad, Emperor (1298–1299)
- Wedem Arad, Emperor (1299–1314)
Somalia
- ʿUmar DunyaHuz, Sultan (1185–1228)
- ʿAli "Baziwi" ʿUmar, Sultan (1228–?)
- ḤaqqudDīn ʿUmar, Sultan (13th century)
- Ḥusein ʿUmar, Sultan (13th century)
- NasradDīn ʿUmar, Sultan (13th century)
- Mansur ʿAli, Sultan (13th century)
- JamaladDīn ʿAli, Sultan (13th century)
- Abūd JamaladDīn, Sultan (13th century)
- Zubēr Abūd, Sultan (13th–14th century)
- Garaad Dhidhin, King (1298–1311)
Africa: Northeast
Egypt
- Abbasid Caliphate, Cairo (complete list) –
- from Baghdad
- al-Mustansir, Caliph (1261–1262)
- al-Hakim I, Caliph (1262–1302)
- Salihi Mamluks
- Aybak, Sultan (1250–1257)
- al-Mansur Ali, Sultan (1257–1259)
- Qutuz, Sultan (1259–1260)
- Bahri dynasty
- Baibars, Sultan (1260–1277)
- Al-Said Barakah, Sultan (1277–1279)
- Solamish, Sultan (1279)
- Al-Mansur Qalawun, Sultan (1279–1290)
- Al-Ashraf Khalil, Sultan (1290–1293)
- Al-Nasir Muhammad, Sultan (1293–1294)
- Al-Adil Kitbugha, Sultan (1294–1296)
- Lajin, Sultan (1296–1299)
- Al-Nasir Muhammad, Sultan (1299–1309)
Sudan
- Makuria (complete list) –
- Murtashkar, King (c.1268)
- David, King (c.1268–1272)
- Shekanda, King (c.1276)
- Barak, King (c.1279)
- Semamun, King (c.1286–1287/8)
- nephew of Semamun, King (1287/8–1288)
- Semamun, King (c.1288–1289, c.1290–1295)
- nephew of David (Budamma), King (c.1289–1290)
Africa: Northcentral
Ifriqiya
- Abu Zakariya, ruler (1229–1249)
- Muhammad I al-Mustansir, Khalif (1249–1277)
- Muse Mohammed, Khalif (1223–1270)
- Yahya II al-Watiq, Khalif (1277–1279)
- Ibrahim I, Khalif (1279–1283)
- Ibn Abi Umara, Khalif (1283–1284)
- Abu Hafs Umar I, Khalif (1284–1295)
- Muhammad I, Khalif (1295–1309)
Africa: Northwest
Morocco
- Muhammad al-Nasir, Caliph (1199–1213)
- Yusuf II, Caliph (1213–1224)
- Abd al-Wahid I, Caliph (1224)
- Abdallah al-Adil, Caliph (1224–1227)
- Yahya al-Mu'tasim, Caliph (1227–1229)
- Idris al-Ma'mun, Caliph (1229–1232)
- Abd al-Wahid II, Caliph (1232–1242)
- Said al-Muʿtadid, Caliph (1242–1248)
- Marinid dynasty of Morocco (complete list) –
- Abu Yahya ibn Abd al-Haqq, Sultan (1244–1258)
- Abu Yusuf Yaqub ibn Abd Al-Haqq, Sultan (1258–1286)
- Abu Yaqub Yusuf an-Nasr, Sultan (1286–1307)
Africa: West
Benin
- Eweka I, Oba (1180–1246)[2]
- Uwuakhuahen, Oba (1246–1250)
- Henmihen, Oba (1250–1260)
- Ewedo, Oba (1260–1274)
- Oguola, Oba (1274–1287)
- Edoni, Oba (1287–1292)
- Udagbedo, Oba (1292–1329)
Burkina Faso
- Mossi Kingdom of Nungu (complete list) –
- Diaba Lompo, Nunbado (1204–1248)
- Tidarpo, Nunbado (1248–1292)
- Untani, Nunbado (1292–1336)
Mali
- Mali Empire: Keita dynasty (complete list) –
- Sundiata Keita, Mansa (c.1235–c.1255)
- Uli I, Mansa (1255–1270)
- Wati, Mansa (1270–1274)
- Khalifa, Mansa (1274-1275)
- Abu Bakr I, Mansa (1275–1285)
- Sakoura, Mansa (1285–1300)
- Gao, Mansa (1300–1305)
Nigeria
- Naguji, King (1194–1247)
- Guguwa, King (1247–1290)
- Shekarau, King (1290–1307)
- Eze Nri Buífè, King (1159–1259)
- Eze Nri Ọmalọ, King (1260–1299)
- Eze Nri Jiọfọ I, King (1300–1390)
Americas
Americas: South
Incas
- Manco Cápac, Inca (c.1200–1230)
- Sinchi Roca, Inca (c.1230–1260)
- Lloque Yupanqui, Inca (c.1260–1290)
- Mayta Cápac, Inca (c.1290–1320)
Asia
Asia: Central
Mongolia
- Genghis, Khan (1189–1206)
- Genghis, Khan (1206–1227)
- Tolui, Regent (1227–1229)
- Ögedei, Khan (1229–1241)
- Töregene Khatun, Regent (1243–1246)
- Güyük, Khan (1246–1248)
- Oghul Qaimish, Regent (1248–1251)
- Möngke, Khan (1251–1259)
- Ariq Böke, Khan (1259–1264)
- Kublai, Khan (1260–1294), Emperor (1271–1294)
- Temür, Khan / Emperor (1294–1307)
Kazakhstan
- Chagatai, Khan (1226–1242)
- Qara Hülëgü, Khan (1242–1246, 1252)
- Yesü Möngke, Khan (1246–1252)
- Mubarak Shah, Khan (1252–1260, 1266)
- Orghana, Khatun, Regent (1252–1260)
- Alghu, Khan (1260–1266)
- Baraq, Khan (1266–1270)
- Nominal rulers under the Mongol Empire, 1270–1306
- Negübei, Khan (1270–c.1272)
- Buqa Temür, Khan (c.1272–1287)
- Duwa, Khan (1287–1307)
- Qara Khitai / Western Liao
- Yelü Zhilugu, Sovereign (1178–1211)
- Kuchlug, Sovereign (1211–1218)
Russia
- Batu Khan, Khan (1227–1255)
- Sartaq, Khan (1255–56)
- Ulaghchi, Khan (1257)
- Berke, Khan (1257–1266)
- Mengu-Timur, Khan (1266–1282)
- Tuda Mengu, Khan (1282—1287)
- Talabuga, Khan (1287—1291)
- Toqta, Khan (1291—1312)
- Batu Khan, Khan (1227–1255)
- Sartaq, Khan (1255–56)
- Ulaghchi, Khan (1257)
- Berke, Khan (1257–1266)
- Mengu-Timur, Khan (1266–1282)
- Tuda Mengu, Khan (1282—1287)
- Talabuga, Khan (1287—1291)
- Toqta, Khan (1291—1312)
Siberia
- Taibuga, Khan (1220–?)
- Khoja bin Taibugha, Khan (?)
Tibet
- rNam lde btsan, King (12th/13th century)
- Nyi ma lde, King (12th/13th century)
- dGe 'bum, King (13th century)
- La ga, King (?–c.1260)
- Chos rgyal Grags pa, King (c.1260–1265)
- Grags pa lde, King (c.1265–1277)
Asia: East
China: Mongol Empire / Yuan dynasty
- Temür, Khan / Emperor (1294–1307)
China: Jin dynasty
- Zhangzong, Emperor (1189–1208)
- Wanyan Yongji, Emperor (1208–1213)
- Xuanzong, Emperor (1213–1224)
- Aizong, Emperor (1224–1234)
- Mo, Emperor (1234)
China: Yuan dynasty
- Temür, Khan / Emperor (1294–1307)
China: Other states and entities
- Duan Zhilian, Emperor (1200–1204)
- Duan Zhixiang, Emperor (1204–1238)
- Duàn Ziangxing, Emperor (1238–1251)
- Duan Xingzhi, Emperor (1251–1254)
China: Southern Song
Japan
- Kamakura shogunate of Japan
- Emperors (complete list) –
- Tsuchimikado, Emperor (1198–1210)
- Juntoku, Emperor (1210–1221)
- Chūkyō, Emperor (1221)
- Go-Horikawa, Emperor (1221–1232)
- Shijō, Emperor (1232–1242)
- Go-Saga, Emperor (1242–1246)
- Go-Fukakusa, Emperor (1246–1260)
- Kameyama, Emperor (1260–1274)
- Go-Uda, Emperor (1274–1287)
- Fushimi, Emperor (1287–1298)
- Go-Fushimi, Emperor (1298–1301)
- Shōguns (complete list) –
- Minamoto no Yoriie, Shōgun (1202–1203)[5]
- Minamoto no Sanetomo, Shōgun (1203–1219)[6]
- Kujō Yoritsune, Shōgun (1226–1244)[7]
- Kujō Yoritsugu, Shōgun (1244–1252)[8]
- Prince Munetaka, Shōgun (1252–1266)[9]
- Prince Koreyasu, Shōgun (1266–1289)[10]
- Prince Hisaaki, Shōgun (1289–1308)[11]
- Hōjō Tokimasa, Shikken (1203–1205)[12]
- Hōjō Yoshitoki, Shikken (1205–1224)[13]
- Hōjō Yasutoki, Shikken (1224–1242)[14]
- Hōjō Tsunetoki, Shikken (1242–1246)[15]
- Hōjō Tokiyori, Shikken (1246–1256)[16]
- Hōjō Tokimune, Shikken (1268–1284)[17]
- Hōjō Sadatoki, Shikken (1284–1301)[18]
- Shunten Dynasty –
- Shunten, Chief (1187–1237)
- Shunbajunki, Chief (1238–1248)
- Gihon, Chief (1249–1259)
- Eiso Dynasty –
Korea
- Goryeo (complete list) –
Asia: Southeast
Cambodia
- Khmer Empire (complete list) –
- Jayavarman VII, King (1181–1218)
- Indravarman II, King (1218–1243)
- Jayavarman VIII, King (1243–1295)
- Indravarman III, King (1295–1307)
Indonesia
- Indonesia: Java
- Prabu Guru Dharmasiksa, Maharaja (1175–1297)
- Rakeyan Saunggalah, Maharaja (1297–1303)
- Kertajaya, King (1200–1222)
![](../I/Rajasa_Dynasty.svg.png.webp)
Genealogy diagram of Rajasa Dynasty, the royal family of Singhasari and Majapahit. Rulers are highlighted with period of reign.
- Ken Arok, King (1222–1227)[19]:185–187
- Anusapati, King (1227–1248)[19]:187–188
- Panji Tohjaya, King (1248)0[19]:188
- Vishnuvardhana-Narasimhamurti, King (1248–1268)[19]:188
- Kertanegara, King (1268–1292)[19]:188
- Raden Wijaya, King[19]:201 (1294–1309)
- Tuban –
- Kyai Arya Papringan, King (13th century)
- Raden Arya Rangga Lawe, King (c.1300)
- Aria Wiraraja, King (1293–?)
- Indonesia: Sumatra
- Dharmasraya: Mauli dynasty (complete list) –
- Tribhuwanaraja, King (c.1286)
- Akarendrawarman, King (c.1300)
- Malikussaleh, Sultan (1267–1297)
- Al-Malik azh-Zhahir I, Sultan (1297–1326)
- Indonesia: Sulawesi
- Luwu –
- Batara Guru, Datu (13th century)
- Batara Lattu’, Datu (1250s–1260s)
- Simpurusiang, Datu (1268–1293)
- Anakaji, Datu (1293–1330)
- Indonesia: Lesser Sunda Islands
- Bali Kingdom: Jaya dynasty (complete list) –
- Arjayadengjayaketana, Queen (fl.1200)
- Haji Ekajayalancana, King (co-regent fl.1200)
- Bhatara Guru Śri Adikuntiketana, King (fl.1204)
- Adidewalancana, King (fl.1260)
- unknown Queen (?–1284)
- Indonesia: Maluku Islands
- Baab Mashur Malamo, King (1257–1277)
- Poit/ Jamin Qadrat, King (1277–1284)
- Komala 'Abu Said/ Siale, King (1284–1298)
- Bakuku/ Kalabata, King (1298–1304)
Malaysia: Peninsular
- Mu'adzam Shah, Sultan, (1179–1202)
- Muhammad Shah, Sultan, (1202–1237)
- Muzzil Shah, Sultan, (1237–1280)
- Mahmud Shah I, Sultan, (1280–1321)
- Kelantan Sultanate: Jambi dynasty (complete list) –
- Sang Tawal, Raja (1267–1339)
Myanmar / Burma
- Narapatisithu (Sithu II), King (1174–1211)
- Htilominlo, King (1211–1235)
- Naratheinga Uzana, Regent (c.1231–1235)
- Kyaswa, King (1235–1251)
- Uzana, King (1251–1256)
- Narathihapate, King (1256–1287)
- Kyawswa, Mongol vassal King (1287–1297)
- Athinkhaya, Co-Regent (1297–1310)
- Yazathingyan, Co-Regent (1297–1313)
- Thihathu, Co-Regent of Myinsaing (1297–1313), King of Myinsaing–Pinya (1313–1325)
Philippines
- Ma-i (complete list) –
- Gat Sa Li-han, King (mid 13th century)
- Tondo (complete list) –
- Alon, Rajah (13th century)
- Sipad the Older, Rajah (13th century)
- Sipad the Younger, Rajah (c.1280)
- Puti, Datu (c.1200–1212)
- Sumakwel, Datu (1213–?)
- Bangkaya, Datu (13th century)
- Paiburong, Datu (13th/14th century)
Singapore
- Sang Nila Utama, Raja (1299–1347)
Thailand
- Lao Ngoen Rueang, King (1192–early 13th century)
- Lao Sin, King (early 13th century)
- Lao Ming, King (early 13th century)
- Lao Mueang, King (mid 13th century)
- Lao Meng, King (mid 13th century)
- Mangrai, King of Ngoenyang (1261–1292), King of Lan Na (1292–1311)
- Lan Na (complete list) –
- Mangrai, King of Ngoenyang (1261–1292), King of Lan Na (1292–1311)
- Phanton, King (13th century)
- Atana, King (13th century)
- Havam, King (13th century)
- Trangal, King (13th century)
- Yotta, King (13th century)
- Yip, King (13th century–1292)
- Lumay, Rajah (c.13th century)
- Sukhothai Kingdom (complete list) –
- Si Inthrathit, King (1238–1270)
- Ban Mueang, King (1270–1271)
- Ram Khamhaeng, King (1279–1298)
- Loe Thai, King (1298–1323)
Vietnam
- Champa (complete list) –
- Vidyanandana, (Khmer vassal) King (1190–1203)
- Cam Bốt thuộc, King (1203–1220)
- Jaya Paramesvaravarman II, King (1220–c.1252)
- Jaya Indravarman VI, King (c.1252–1257)
- Indravarman V, King (1257–1288)
- Chế Mân, King (1288–1307)
- Lý Cao Tông, Emperor (1176–1210)
- Lý Thẩm, Emperor (1209–1209)
- Lý Huệ Tông, Emperor (1211–1224)
- Lý Nguyên Vương, Emperor (1214–1216)
- Lý Chiêu Hoàng, Emperor (1224–1225)
- Trần Thái Tông, Emperor (1225–1258)
- Trần Thánh Tông, Emperor (1258–1278)
- Trần Nhân Tông, Emperor (1279–1293)
- Trần Anh Tông, Emperor (1293–1314)
Asia: South
Afghanistan
- Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad, Malik (1163–1203)
- Muhammad of Ghor, Malik (1172–1206)
- Ghiyath al-Din Mahmud, Malik (1206–1212)
- Baha al-Din Sam III, Malik (1212–1213)
- Ala al-Din Atsiz, Malik (1213–1214)
- Ala al-Din Ali, Malik (1214–1215)
Bengal and Northeast India
- Sukaphaa, King (1228–1268)
- Suteuphaa, King (1268–1281)
- Subinphaa, King (1281–1293)
- Sukhaangphaa, King (1293–1332)
- Birpal, King (1187–1224)
- Ratnadhwajpal, King (1224–1250)
- Vijayadhwajpal, King (1250–1278)
- Vikramadhwajpal, King (1278–1302)
- Madhusudanadeva, King
- Vasudeva, King
- Damodaradeva, King (1231–1243)
- Dasharathadeva, King (1260–1268)
- Sandhya, King (1228–1260)
- Sindhu Rai, King (1260–1285)
- Rup Narayan, King (1285–1300)
- Singhadhwaj, King (1300–1305)
- Ram Malla, King (1185–1209)
- Bhim Malla, King (1240–1253)
- Prithwi Malla, King (1295–1319)
- Thayanthapa, King (1195–1231)
- Chingthang Lanthapa, King (1231–1242)
- Thingpai Shelhongpa, King (1242–1247)
- Pulanthapa, King (1247–1263)
- Khumompa, King (1263–1278)
- Moilampa, King (1278–1302)
- Lakshmana Sena, King (1179–1206)
- Vishvarupa Sena, King (1206–1225)
- Keshava Sena, King (1225–1230)
Burma
- Mang Kun, Saopha (mid-13th century)
- Mang Kyin, Saopha (1267–1273)
- Marquess of Kengtung, Saopha (1273–1284)
- Sao Nannan, Saopha (1284–1317)
India
- Rajdeo, King (1179–1216)
- Kilhan, King (1216–1276)
- Kuntal, King (1276–1317)
- Paramardi-Deva, King (c.1165–1203)
- Trailokya-Varman, King (c.1203–1245)
- Vira-Varman, King (c.1245–1285)
- Bhoja-Varman, King (c.1285–1288)
- Hammira-Varman, King (c.1288–1311)[20][21]
- Bhima II, King (1177–1240)
- Tribhuvanapala, King (1240–1244)
- Vira Manikantha Rama Varma Tiruvadi, King (1195–?)
- Vira Rama Kerala Varma Tiruvadi, King (1209–1214)
- Vira Ravi Kerala Varma Tiruvadi, King (1214–1240)
- Vira Padmanabha Martanda Varma Tiruvadi, King (1240–1252)
- Ravi Varma, King (1299–1313)
- Kulothunga Chola III, King (1178–1218)
- Rajaraja Chola III, King (1218–1246)
- Rajendra Chola III, King (1246–1280)
- Vijayasimha, King (1188–1210)
- Trailokya-malla, King (1210s)[22]
- Qutb-ud-din Aibak, Sultan (1206–1210)
- Aram Shah, Sultan (1210–1211)
- Shams-ud-din Iltutmish, Sultan (1211–1236)
- Rukn-ud-din Firuz, Sultan (1236)
- Raziyyat ud din Sultana, Sultan (1236–1240)
- Muiz-ud-din Bahram, Sultan (1240–1242)
- Ala-ud-din Masud, Sultan (1242–1246)
- Nasir-ud-din Mahmud, Sultan (1246–1266)
- Ghiyas-ud-din Balban, Sultan (1266–1286)
- Muiz-ud-din Qaiqabad, Sultan (1286–1290)
- Shamsuddin Kayumars, Sultan (1290)
- Jalal ud din Firuz Khilji, Sultan (1290–1296)
- Alauddin Khilji, Sultan (1296–1316)
- Rajaraja Deva III, King (1198–1211)
- Ananga Bhima Deva III, King (1211–1238)
- Narasimha Deva I, King (1238–1264)[23]
- Bhanu Deva I, King (1264–1279)
- Narasimha Deva II, King (1279–1306)[23]
- Lakhan Dev, King (1197–1220)
- Anand Pal II, King (1220–1241)
- Purva Dev, King (1241–1260)
- Abhay Dev, King (1260–1267)
- Jayaram Dev, King (1267–1290)
- Asal Dev, King (1290–1299)
- Jagat Pal, King (1299–1311)
- Veera Ballala II, King (1173–1220)
- Vira Narasimha II, King (1220–1235)
- Vira Someshwara, King (1235–1263)
- Narasimha III, King (1263–1292)
- Veera Ballala III, King (1292–1343)
- Kailan Singh, Rawal (1200–1219)
- Chachak Deo Singh, Rawal (1219–1241)
- Karan Singh I, Rawal (1241–1271)
- Lakhan Sen, Rawal (1271–1275)
- Punpal Singh, Rawal (1275–1276)
- Jaitsi Singh I, Rawal (1276–1294)
- Mulraj Singh I, Rawal (1294–1295)
- Durjan Sal (Duda), Rawal (1295–1306)
- Kopperunchinga I, King (c.1216–1242)
- Kopperunchinga II, King (c.1243–1279)
- Kahlur (complete list) –
- Sangar Chand, Raja (1197–1220)
- Megh Chand, Raja (1220–1251)
- Dev Chand, Raja (late 13th century)
- Ahim Chand, Raja (late 13th century)
- Ganapati-deva, King (c.1199–1262)
- Rudrama-devi, King (c.1262–1289)
- Prataparudra-deva, King (c.1289–1323)
- Vijayasimha, King (1188–1210)[24]
- Trailokya-malla, King (c.1210–post-1211)[22]
- Ram Chand, King (1195–1205)
- Bhishm Chand, King (1205–1226)
- Megh Chand, King (1226–1233)
- Dhyan Chand, King (1233–1251)
- Parvat Chand, King (1251–1261)
- Thor Chand, King (1261–1275)
- Kalyan Chand II, King (1275–1296)
- Trilok Chand, King (1296–1303)[25]
- Ratto Rayadhan, King (1175–?)
- Othaji, King (1215–?)
- Gaoji, King (1255–?)
- Vehanji, King (1285–?)
- Siha, Rao (1226–1273)
- Asthan, Rao (1273–1292)
- Doohad, Rao (1292–1309)
- Sadayavarman Kulasekaran I, King (1190–1216)[26][27]
- Parakrama Pandyan II, King (1212–1215)
- Maravarman Sundara Pandyan, King (1216–1238)
- Sadayavarman Kulasekaran II, King (1238–1240)
- Maravarman Sundara Pandyan II, King (1238–1251)
- Sadayavarman Vikkiraman I, King (1241–1250)
- Maravarman Vikkiraman II, King (1250–1251)
- Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan I, King (1251–1268)
- Jatavarman Vira Pandyan II, co-King (1253–1275)
- Maravarman Kulasekara Pandyan I, King (1268–1308)
- Paramara dynasty of Malwa (complete list) –
- Subhatavarman, King (1194–1209)
- Arjunavarman I, King (1210–1215)
- Devapala, King (1218–1239)
- Jaitugideva, King (1239–1255
- Jayavarman II, King (1255–1274)
- Arjunavarman II, King (c.1275–post-1283)
- Bhoja II, King (post-1283–?)
- Mahlakadeva, King (?–1305)
- Jaitugi I, King (c.1191–1200/10)
- Simhana II, King (c.1200/10–1246)
- Krishna, King (c.1246–1261)
- Mahadeva, King (c.1261–1270)
- Ammana, King (c.1270)
- Ramachandra, King (c.1271–1308)
- Sisodia (complete list) –
- Khumar, Manthan, Padam Singh, Rajput (1179–1213)
- Jaitra Singh, Rajput (1213–1261)
- Teja Singh, Rajput (1261–1273)
- Samar Singh, Rajput (1273–1301)
- Visala-deva, King (c.1244–c.1262)
- Arjuna-deva, King (c.1262–c.1275)
- Rama, King (c.1275)
- Saranga-deva, King (c.1275–c.1296)
- Karna, King (c.1296–c.1304)
- Chahada-deva, King (c.1237–1254)[30] These coins are dated in Vikrama Samvat. They feature a horseman on one side, and the legend Srimat Chahadadeva on the other side.[31]
- Asalla-deva, King (c.1254–1279)[30] These coins also feature a horseman.[31]
Maldives
Nepal
- Grags pa lde (Kradhicalla), King (fl.1225)
- A sog lde (Ashokacalla), King (fl.1255–1278)
- 'Ji dar sMal (Jitarimalla), King (fl.1287–1293)
- A nan sMal (Anandamalla), King (late 13th century)
- Ari Deva, King (c.1201–1216)
- Abhaya Malla, King (c.1216–1255)
- Ranasura, King (c.1216)
- Jayadeva Malla, King (c.1255–1258)
- Jayabhima Deva, King (c.1258–1271)
- Jayasimha Malla, King (c.1271–1274)
- Ananta Malla, King (c.1274–1310)
Sri Lanka
- Vijayabahu III, King (1220–1224)
- Parakkamabahu II, King (1234–1269)
- Vijayabahu IV, King (1267/8–1270)
- Bhuvanaikabahu I, King (1271–1283)
- Kalinga Magha, King (1215–1255)
- Chandrabhanu, King (1255–1262)
- Savakanmaindan, King (1262–1277)
- Kulasekara Cinkaiariyan, King (1262–1284)
- Kulotunga Cinkaiariyan, King (1284–1292)
- Vickrama Cinkaiariyan, King (1292–1302)
- Lilavati, King (1197–1200, 1209–1210, 1211–1212)
- Sahassa Malla, King (1200–1202)
- Kalyanavati, King (1202–1208)
- Dharmasoka, King (1208–1209)
- Anikanga, King (1209–1209)
- Lokissara, King (1210–1211)
- Parakrama Pandya, King (1212–1215)
- Kalinga Magha, King (1215–1236)
Asia: West
Mesopotamia
- Abbasid Caliphate, Baghdad (complete list) –
- al-Nasir, Caliph (1180–1225)
- az-Zahir, Caliph (1225–1226)
- al-Mustansir, Caliph (1226–1242)
- al-Musta'sim, Caliph (1242–1258)
- to Cairo
Turkey
- Osman I, Sultan (c.1299–1326)
Yemen
- al-Mansur Abdallah, Imam (1187–1217)
- an-Nasir Muhammad bin Abdallah, Imam (1217–1226)
- al-Hadi Yahya, Imam (1217–1239)
- al-Mahdi Ahmad bin al-Husayn, Imam (1248–1258)
- al-Hasan bin Wahhas, Imam (1258–1260)
- Yahya bin Muhammad as-Siraji, Imam (1261–1262)
- al-Mansur al-Hasan, Imam (1262–1271)
- al-Mahdi Ibrahim, Imam (1272–1276)
- al-Mutawakkil al-Mutahhar bin Yahya, Imam (1276–1298)
Europe
Europe: Balkans
Bulgaria
- Kaloyan, Emperor (1197–1207)
- Boril, Emperor (1207–1218)
- Ivan Asen II, Emperor (1218–1241)
- Kaliman I, Emperor (1241–1246)
- Michael II, Emperor (1246–1256)
- Kaliman Asen II, Emperor (1256)
- Mitso Asen, Emperor (1256–1257)
- Konstantin Tih, Emperor (1257–1277)
- Ivailo, Emperor (1278–1279)
- Ivan Asen III, Emperor (1279–1280)
- George Terter I, Emperor (1280–1292)
- Smilets, Emperor (1292–1298)
- Ivan II, Emperor (1298–1299)
- Chaka, Emperor (1299–1300)
- Theodore Svetoslav, Emperor (1300–1322)
Byzantium
- Alexios III Angelos, Emperor (1195–1203)
- Alexios IV Angelos, Emperor (1203–1204)
- Nicholas Kanabos, Emperor-elect (1204) as usurper chosen by the Senate
- Alexios V Doukas, Emperor (1204)
- Baldwin I, Emperor (1204–1205)
- Henry, Emperor (1206–1216)
- Peter, Emperor (1216–1217)
- Yolanda, Regent (1217–1219)
- Conon de Béthune, Regent (1219)
- Giovanni Colonna, Regent (1220–1221)
- Robert I, Emperor (1221–1228)
- Baldwin II, Emperor (1228–1261)
- John of Brienne, Senior co-Emperor (1229–1237)
- William I, Prince (1205–1209)
- Geoffrey I, Prince (1209/10–c.1229)
- Geoffrey II, Prince (c.1229–1246)
- William II, Prince (1246–1278)
- Charles I, Prince (1278–1285)
- Charles II, Prince (1285–1289)
- Isabella, Princess (1289–1307)
- Florent, Prince (1289–1297)
- Marco I Sanudo, Duke (1207–1227)
- Angelo, Duke (1227–1262)
- Marco II, Duke (1262–1303)
- Michael VIII Palaiologos, Emperor (1261–1282)
- Andronikos II Palaiologos, Emperor (1282–1328)
- Michael IX Palaiologos, co-Emperor (1294–1320)
Serbia
- Stefan the First-Crowned, Grand Prince (1196–1202, 1204–1217), King (1217–1228)
- Vukan Nemanjić, Grand Prince (1202–1204)
- Stefan Radoslav, King (1228–1233)
- Stefan Vladislav, King (1233–1243)
- Stefan Uroš I, King (1243–1276)
- Stefan Dragutin, King of Serbia (1276–1282), King of Syrmia (1282–1316)
- Stefan Milutin, King (1282–1321)
- Stefan Dragutin, King of Serbia (1276–1282), King of Syrmia (1282–1316)
Europe: British Isles
Scotland
- William I the Lion, King (1165–1214)
- Alexander II, King (1214–1249)
- Alexander III, King (1249–1286)
- Margaret, Queen (1286–1290)
- Guardian of Scotland (1290–1292)
- John, King (1292–1296)
- Rǫgnvaldr Guðrøðarson, King (1187–1226)
- Óláfr Guðrøðarson, the Black,[32] King (1226–1237)
- Óspakr-Hákon, King (c.1230)
- Guðrøðr Rǫgnvaldsson, King (c.1231)
- Haraldr Óláfsson, King (1237–1248)
- Rǫgnvaldr Óláfsson, King (1249)
- Haraldr Guðrøðarson, King (1249–1250)
- Magnús Óláfsson, King (1254–1265)
- Ragnall mac Somairle, King (1164–1207)
- Donnchadh of Argyll, King (1221/25–c.1244/48)
- Dubgall mac Dubgaill, King (?)
- Somairle mac Dubgaill, King (?–1230)
- Eóghan of Argyll, King (c.1244/48–c.1268)
- Dubhghall mac Ruaidhrí, King (1249–1266)
Wales
- Gruffydd ap Rhys II, ruler (1197–1201)
- Maelgwn ap Rhys, ruler (1199–1230)
- Rhys Gryg, ruler (1216–1234)
- Rhys Mechyll, ruler (1234–1244)
- Maredudd ap Rhys, ruler (1244–1271)
- Rhys ap Maredudd, ruler (1271–1283)
England and Ireland
Ireland
- Ua Eichnigh, King (?–1201)
- Giolla Pádraig Ó hAnluain, King (1201–1243)
- Eochaid mac Mathgahamna mac Neill, King (?–1273)
- Brian mac Eochada, King (1283–1311)
- Domnall Ó Ruairc, Lord (c.1207)
- Ualgarg Ó Ruairc, King (c.1196–1209)
- Art Ó Ruairc, King (1209–1210)
- Niall O'Ruairc, King (1228)
- Ualgarg Ó Ruairc, King (c.1210–1231)
- Cathal riabach O'Ruairc, King (1231–1236)
- Conchobar O'Ruairc, King (c.1250–1257)
- Cathal Ua Raghallaigh, Lord (1256)
- Con Ua Raghallaigh, Chief (1256–1257)
- Matha Ua Raghallaigh, Lord (1282)
- Ferghal O'Raigillig, ruler (1282–1293)
- Sitric Ó Ruairc, King (1257–1257)
- Amlaíb Ó Ruairc, King (1257–1258)
- Domnall Ó Ruairc, King (1258–1258)
- Art Ó Ruairc, King (1258–1259)
- Domnall Ó Ruairc, King (1259–1260)
- Art Bec Ó Ruairc, King (1260–1260)
- Art Ó Ruairc, King (1261–1266)
- Conchobar Buide Ó Ruairc, King (1266–1273)
- Tigernán Ó Ruairc, King (1273–1274)
- Art Ó Ruairc, King (1275–1275)
- Amlaib Ó Ruairc, King (c.1275–1307)
- Cathal Carragh Ua Conchobair, King (1190–1202)
- Mathghamhain mac Conchobar Maenmaige Ua Conchobair, King (?)
- Muirchertach Tethbhach, King (?)
- Donnchadh Conallagh Ua Conchobair, King (?)
- Tadhg mac Conchobar Maenmaige Ua Conchobair, King (?)
- Mael Seachlainn mac Conchobar Maenmaige Ua Conchobair, King (?)
- Aodh mac Conchobar Maenmaige Ua Conchobair, King (?)
- Aedh Ua Conchobair, King (?)
- Felim Ua Conchobair, King (?)
- Aedh mac Felim Ó Conchobair, King (?)
- Aedh Muimhnech Ó Conchobair, King (?)
- Aedh Ó Conchobair, King (1293–1309)
- Domhnall Óg mac Domhnall Caomhánach, King (?)
- Muirchertach mac Domhnall Óg mac Murchada Caomhánach, King (?–1282)
- Muiris mac Muirchertach mac Murchada Caomhánach, King (1282–1314)
- Tomaltach na Cairge MacDermot, King (1196–1207)
- Cathal Carrach mac Diarmata, King (1207–1215)
- Dermot mac Diarmata, King (1215–1218)
- Cormac mac Diarmata, King (1218–1244)
- Muirchertach mac Diarmata, King (1245–1265)
- Tadhg mac Diarmata, King (1256–1281)
- Dermot Mideach mac Diarmata, King (1281–1287)
- Cathal mac Diarmata, King (1288–1294)
- Maelruanaidh mac Diarmata, King (1294–1331)
- Diarmaid Cleirech Ua Madadhan, King (1188–1207)
- Madudan Óg Ó Madadhan, King (1207–1235 )
- Cathal Ó Madadhan, King (1235–1286)
- Murchadh Ó Madadhan, Lord (1286–1327)
- Domnall Mór Ua Cellaigh, King (?–1221)
Europe: Central
- Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor (1209–1215), King (1198–1209)
- Philip, King (1198–1208)
- Otto IV, King (1198–1209)
- Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor (1220–1250), King (1212–1220)
- Conrad IV, contender King (1237–1254)
- Henry Raspe, rival King (1246–1247)
- William II of Holland, rival King (1247–1256)
- Richard of Cornwall, contender King (1257–1272)
- Alfonso X, rival King (1257–1275)
- Rudolf I, contender King (1273–1291)
- Adolf, King (1292–1298)
- Albert I, King (1298–1308)
Hungary
- Emeric, King (1196–1204)
- Ladislaus III, King (1204–1205)
- Andrew II, King (1205–1235)
- Béla IV, King (1235–1270)
- Stephen V, King (1270–1272)
- Ladislaus IV, King (1272–1290)
- Andrew III, King (1290–1301)
Poland
- Leszek the White, High Duke (1194–1198, 1199–1202, 1206–1210, 1211–1227)
- Mieszko III the Old, High Duke (1173–1177, 1191, 1198–1199, 1202)
- Władysław III Spindleshanks, High Duke (1202–1206, 1227–1229)
- Mieszko IV Tanglefoot, High Duke (1210–1211)
- Konrad I, High Duke (1229–1232, 1241–1243)
- Henry the Bearded, High Duke (1232–1238)
- Henry II the Pious, High Duke (1238–1241)
- Bolesław the Horned, High Duke (1288, 1289)
- Bolesław V the Chaste, High Duke (1243–1279)
- Leszek II the Black, High Duke (1279–1288)
- Henryk IV Probus, High Duke (1288–1289, 1289–1290)
- Władysław I Łokietek, High Duke (1289)
- Przemysł II, High Duke (1290–1291), King (1295–1296)
- Wenceslaus II, High Duke (1291–1300), King (1300–1305)
- Jarosław Opolski, Duke (1173–1201)
- Bolesław I the Tall, Duke (1201)
- Henry I the Bearded, Duke (1201–1202)
- Mieszko I Tanglefoot, Duke (1202–1211)
- Casimir I, Duke (1211–1230)
- Mieszko II the Fat, Duke (1230–1246)
- Władysław I, Duke (1246–1281)
- Bolko I, Duke (1281–1313)
- Konrad I, Duke (1200–1247)
- Bolesław I, Duke (1247–1248)
- Siemowit I, Duke (1248–1262)
- Pereyaslava of Halych, Regent (1248–1264)
- Bolesław the Pious, Duke (1262–1264)
- Konrad II, Duke of Masovia (1264–1275), Duke of Czersk (1275–1294)
- Bolesław II, Duke of Płock (1275–1294), Duke of Masovia (1294–1313)
- Heinrich Walpot, Grand Master (1198–pre-1208)[33]
- Otto von Kerpen, Grand Master (fl.1208)[33]
- Heinrich von Tunna, Grand Master (1208–1209)
- Hermann von Salza, Grand Master (1209–1239)
- Konrad von Thüringen, Grand Master (1239–1240)
- Gerhard von Malberg, Grand Master (1240–1244)
- Heinrich von Hohenlohe, Grand Master (1244–1249)
- Gunther von Wüllersleben, Grand Master (1249–1252)
- Poppo von Osterna, Grand Master (1252–1256)[34]
- Anno von Sangershausen, Grand Master (1256–1273)
- Hartmann von Heldrungen, Grand Master (1273–1282)
- Burchard von Schwanden, Grand Master (1283–1290)
- Konrad von Feuchtwangen, Grand Master (1290–1297)
- Gottfried von Hohenlohe, Grand Master (1297–1303)
Europe: East
- Rurik II, Grand Prince (1194–1202)
- Igor III, Grand Prince (1202)
- Rurik II, Grand Prince (1203–1206)
- Roman II the Great, Grand Prince (1203–1206)
- Rostislav II, Grand Prince (1203–1206)
- Vsevolod IV the Red, Grand Prince (1206–1207)
- Rurik II, Grand Prince (1207–1210)
- Vsevolod IV the Red, Grand Prince (1210–1212)
- Igor III, Grand Prince (1212–1214)
- Mstislav III, Grand Prince (1214–1223)
- Vladimir IV, Grand Prince (1223–1235)
- Iziaslav IV, Grand Prince (1235–1236)
- Yaroslav III, Grand Prince (1236–1238)
- Michael II, Grand Prince (1238–1239)
- Mindaugas, King (1253–1263), Grand Duke (1263–1251)
- Treniota, Grand Duke (000–000)
- Vaišvilkas, Grand Duke (000–000)
- Shvarn, Grand Duke (000–000)
- Traidenis, Grand Duke (000–000)
- Daumantas, Grand Duke (000–000)
- Butigeidis, Grand Duke (000–000)
- Butvydas, Grand Duke (000–000)
- Vytenis, Grand Duke (000–000)
- Gediminas, Grand Duke (000–000)
- Jaunutis, Grand Duke (000–000)
- Algirdas, Grand Duke (000–000)
- Jogaila, Grand Duke (000–000)
- Kęstutis, Grand Duke (000–000)
- Skirgaila, Grand Duke (000–000)
- Vytautas, Grand Duke (000–000)
- Švitrigaila, Grand Duke (000–000)
- Sigismund Kęstutaitis, Grand Duke (000–000)
- Casimir Jagellon, Grand Duke (000–000)
- Alexander, Grand Duke (1492–1506)
- Sigismund I the Old, Grand Duke (1506–1548)
- Sigismund II Augustus, Grand Duke (1530–1572)
- Grand Duchy of Moscow (complete list) –
- Daniel of Moscow, Grand prince (1283–1303)
- Vsevolod the Big Nest, Grand Duke (1176–1212)
- Yuri II, Grand Duke (1212–1216, 1218–1238)
- Konstantin of Rostov, Grand Duke (1216–1218)
- Yaroslav II, Grand Duke (1238–1246)
- Sviatoslav III, Grand Duke (1246–1248, 1248–1249)
- Mikhail Khorobrit, Grand Duke (1248)
- Andrey II, Grand Duke (1249–1252)
- Alexander I, Grand Duke (1252–1263)
- Yaroslav III, Grand Duke (1264–1271)
- Vasily of Kostroma, Grand Duke (1272–1277)
- Dmitry of Pereslavl, Grand Duke (1277–1281, 1283–1293)
- Andrey III, Grand Duke (1281–1283, 1293–1304)
- Radu Negru, Prince (c.1290–1310)
Europe: Nordic
Denmark
- Denmark (complete list) –
- Canute VI, King (1182–1202)
- Valdemar II, King (?) / Valdemar the Young, King (?)
- Eric IV, King (?)
- Abel, King (?)
- Christopher I, King (?)
- Eric V, King (?)
- Eric VI, King (1286–1319)
Norway
- Sverre, King (1184–1202)
- Haakon III, King (1202–1204)
- Guttorm, King (1204)
- Inge II, King (1204–1217)
- Haakon IV, King (1217–1263)
- Haakon the Young, co-King (1240–1257)
- Magnus VI, King (1263–1280)
- Eric II, King (1280–1299)
- Haakon V, King (1299–1319)
Sweden
- Sverker II, King (1195/96–1208)
- Eric X, King (1208–1216)
- John I, King (1216–1222)
- Eric XI, King (1222–1229, 1234–1250)
- Canute II the Tall, King (1229–1234)
- Valdemar, King (1250–1275)
- Magnus III, King (1275–1290)
- Birger, King (1290–1318)
Europe: Southcentral
- Otto IV, King (1209–1212)
- Frederick II, King (1212–1250)
- Obizzo II, Marquis of Ferrara (1264–1293), of Modena and Reggio (1288/89–1293)
- Azzo VIII, Marquis of Reggio (1293–1306), of Ferrara (1293–1308)
- Aldobrandino II, Marquis of Modena (1293-1308), of Ferrara (1308–1326)
- Boniface I, Marquis (1192–1207)
- William VI, Marquis (1207–1225)
- Boniface II, Marquis (1225–1253/55)
- William VII, Marquis (1253/55–1292)
- John I, Marquis (1292–1305)
- Innocent III, Pope (1198–1216)
- Honorius III, Pope (1216–1227)
- Gregory IX, Pope (1227–1241)
- Celestine IV, Pope (1241)
- Innocent IV, Pope (1243–1254)
- Alexander IV, Pope (1254–1261)
- Urban IV, Pope (1261–1264)
- Clement IV, Pope (1265–1268)
- Gregory X, Pope (1271–1276)
- Innocent V, Pope (1276)
- Adrian V, Pope (1276)
- John XXI, Pope (1276–1277)
- Nicholas III, Pope (1277–1280)
- Martin IV, Pope (1281–1285)
- Honorius IV, Pope (1285–1287)
- Nicholas IV, Pope (1288–1292)
- Celestine V, Pope (1294)
- Boniface VIII, Pope (1294–1303)
-
- Oddone Scarito, Filippo da Sterpeto, Captains Regent (1243–1244)
- Oddone Scarito, Andrea Superchj, Captains Regent (1253)
- Taddeo di Giovani Ardelj, Captain Regent (1254)
- Ugolino Baracone, Captain Regent (1286)
- Enrico Dandolo, Doge (1192–1205)
- Pietro Ziani, Doge (1205–1229)
- Jacopo Tiepolo, Doge (1229–1249)
- Marino Morosini, Doge (1249–1252)
- Reniero Zeno, Doge (1252–1268)
- Lorenzo Tiepolo, Doge (1268–1275)
- Jacopo Contarini, Doge (1275–1280)
- Giovanni Dandolo, Doge (1280–1289)
- Pietro Gradenigo, Doge (1289–1311)
Southern Italy
- Kingdom of Sicily (complete list) –
- Frederick I, King (1198–1250)
- Henry II, King (1212–1217)
- Conrad I, King (1250–1254)
- Conradin, King (1254–1258)
- Manfred, King (1258–1266)
- Charles I, King (1266–1282/85)
- split into Naples and the island of Sicily
- Charles I, King (1282–1285)
- Charles II the Lame, King (1285–1309)
- Kingdom of Trinacria: Sicily (complete list) –
- Peter I, King (1282–1285)
- James II, King (1285–1295)
- Frederick II, King (1295–1337)
- Walter III of Brienne, Prince (1200–1205)
- Frederick, Prince (1205–1250)
- Manfred of Sicily, Prince (1250–1266)
- Charles I, Prince (1266–1285)
- Charles II, Prince (1285–1294)
- Philip I, Prince (1294–1331)
Europe: Southwest
Iberian Peninsula: Christian
- Peter II, King (1196–1213)
- James I, King (1213–1276)
- Peter III, King (1276–1285)
- Alfonso III, King (1285–1291)
- James II, King (1291–1327)
- Alfonso VIII the Noble, King (1158–1214)
- Henry I, King (1214–1217)
- Berengaria the Great, King (1217–1217)
- Ferdinand III the Saint, King (1217–1252)
- Alfonso X the Wise, King (1252–1284)
- Sancho IV the Brave, King (1284–1295)
- Ferdinand IV the Summoned, King (1295–1312)
- Peter II, Count (1196–1213)
- James I, Count (1213–1276)
- Peter II, Count (1276–1285)
- Alphonse II, Count (1285–1291)
- James II, Count (1291–1327)
- Sancho VII, King (1194–1234)
- Theobald I, King (1234–1253)
- Theobald II, King (1253–1270)
- Henry I, King (1270–1274)
- Joan I, Queen (1274–1305)
- Philip I, King (1284–1305)
- Sancho I, King (1185–1212)
- Afonso II, King (1212–1223)
- Sancho II, King (1223–1247)
- Afonso III, King (1248–1279)
- Denis I, King (1279–1325)
Marca Hispanica
- Episcopal Co-Princes (complete list) –
- Pere d'Urtx, Episcopal Co-Prince (1269–1293)
- Guillem de Montcada, Episcopal Co-Prince (1295–1308)
- French Co-Princes (complete list) –
- Roger-Bernard III, French Co-Prince (1278–1302)
- Ermengol VIII of Sant Hilari, Count (1184–1208/1209)
- Aurembiaix, Countess (1208/1209–1213, 1228–1231), from 1229 with her husband, Peter
- Guerau I of Urgell, (usurper) Count (1213–1228)
- James I of Aragon, Count (1231–1236)
- Ponç I, Count (1236–1243)
- Ermengol IX, Count (1243)
- Álvaro the Castilian, Count (1243–1268)
- Ermengol X, Count (1268–1314)
Europe: West
France
- Philip II Augustus, King (1180–1223)
- Louis VIII the Lion, King (1223–1226)
- Louis IX the Saint, King (1226–1270)
- Philip III the Bold, King (1270–1285)
- Philip IV, King (1285–1314)
- Aymer III, Count (1186–1202)[35]
- Isabella, Countess (1202–1246)[36]
- John of England, Count (1202–1216)
- Anjou (complete list) –
- John I Tristan, Count (1219–1232)
- Margaret, Countess (1285–1299)
- Philip, Count (1293–1328)
- John I, Duke (1199–1216)
- Henry II, Duke (Henry III of England)(1216–1272)
- Edward I Longshanks, Duke (1272–1307)
- Louis VIII of France, Count (1190–1223)
- Robert I, Count (1237–1250)
- Robert II, Count (1250–1302)
- Guy II of Auvergne, Count (1195–1224)
- William X of Auvergne, Count (1224–1246)
- Robert V, count of Auvergne, Count (1246–1277)
- William XI of Auvergne, Count (1277–1279)
- Robert VI, count of Auvergne, Count (1279–1317)
- Ida, Countess (1173–1216)
- Matilda II, Countess (1216–1260)
- Philip I, Count (1223–1235)
- Afonso, Count (1235–1253)
- Adelaide, Count (1260–1261)
- Robert I, Count (1261–1277)
- Robert II, Count (1277–1314)
- Archambaud VIII de Bourbon, Lord (1218–1242)
- Archambaud IX de Bourbon, Lord (1242–1249)
- Mathilde II de Bourbon, Lady (1249–1262)
- Agnès de Bourbon (1237–1287), Lady (1262–1287)
- Béatrice de Bourgogne (1257–1310), Lady (1287–1310)
- Theobald III, Count (1197–1201)
- Theobald IV, Count (1201–1253)
- Theobald V, Count (1253–1270)
- Henry III, Count (1270–1274)
- Joan, Countness (1274–1305)
- Louis, Count (1305–1316)
- Baldwin IX, Count (1194–1205)
- Joan I, Countess (1205–1244)
- Ferdinand of Portugal, Count (1212–1233)
- Thomas of Savoy-Piedmont, Count (1237–1244)
- Margaret II, Countess (1244–1278)
- William I, Count (1247–1251)
- Guy I, Count (1251–1305)
- Eleanor of Aquitaine, Duchess (1137–1204)
- John Lackland, Count (1200–1205)
- Arthur I of Brittany, Count (1186–1203)
- John Tristan, Count (1219–1232)
- Charles I, Count (1246–1285)
- Charles II, Count (1285–1325)
- Monaco (complete list) –
- Rainier I, Lord (1297–1301)
- Matilda I, Countess (1192–1257)
- Hervé IV of Donzy, Count (1199–1223)
- Guigues of Forez, Count (1226–1241)
- Matilda II, Countess (1257–1262)
- Odo, Count (1257–1262)
- Yolande II, Countess (1262–1280)
- John Tristan, Count (1265–1270)
- Robert III of Bethune, Count (1272–1280)
- Louis I, Count (1280–1322)
- Richard II, Count (1224)
- Alphonse I, Count (1220–1271)
- Philip I, Count (1293–1322)
- Raymond VI (VIII), Count (1194–1222)
- opposed by Simon IV de Montfort, Count (1215–1218)
- Raymond VII (IX), Count (1222–1249)
- Joan & Alphonse, Count of Poitiers, Countess & Count (1249–1271)
- Raymond VI (VIII), Count (1194–1222)
Eurasia: Caucasus
- Tamar the Great, Queen (1178–1213)
- George IV, King (1207–1223)
- Rusudan, Queen (1223–1245)
- David VI Narin, King (1245–1259)
- David VI Narin, King (1259–1293)
- Vakhtang II, King (1289–1292)
- Constantine I, King (1293–1327)
- Badr I, Shamkhal (1295–1304)
- David VII Ulu, King (1247–1270)
- Demetrius II, King (1270–1289)
- David VIII, King (1292–1302, 1308–1311)
- George V, King (1299–1302, 1314–1346)
Oceania
Hawaii
- Kaniuhu, supreme high chief (1185–1215)
- Kanipahu, supreme high chief (1215–1245)
- Kamaʻiole, usurper (1245–1255)
- Kalapana of Hawaiʻi, supreme high chief (1255–1285)
- Kahaʻimaoeleʻa, supreme high chief (1285–1315)
References
- Dates calculated on the basis of Lange, Diwan, 65–77; id., Kingdoms, 552.
- "Oba Ewuare II Coronation Speech 2016". Retrieved 2017-07-09.
- "Qosqo of the Incas". The History Files. Retrieved June 4, 2019.
- L. Petech (1980), 'Ya-ts'e, Gu-ge, Pu-rang: A new study', The Central Asiatic Journal 24, pp. 85–111; R. Vitali (1996), The kingdoms of Gu.ge Pu.hrang. Dharamsala: Tho.ling gtsug.lag.khang.
- Nussbaum, "Minamoto no Yoriie" at p. 635.
- Nussbaum, "Minamoto no Yoritomo" at pp. 633–634.
- Nussbaum, "Fujiwara no Yoritsune" at p. 212; "Kujō Yoritsune" at p. 571 linking "Hōjō Masako" at p. 340
- Nussbaum, "Fujiwara no Yoritsugu" at p. 212.
- Nussbaum, "Munetaka Shinnō" at p. 666.
- Nussbaum, "Koreyasu Shinnō" at p. 561.
- Nussbaum, "Hisaakira Shinnō" at p. 321.
- Nussbaum, "Hōjō Tokimasa" at p. 340.
- Nussbaum, "Hōjō Yoshitoki" at p. 341.
- Nussbaum, "Hōjō Yasutoki" at p. 341.
- Nussbaum, "Hōjō Tsunetoki" at p. 341.
- Nussbaum, "Hōjō Tokiyori" at p. 341.
- Nussbaum, "Hōjō Tokimune" at p. 341.
- Nussbaum, "Hōjō Sadatoki" at p. 340.
- Cœdès, George (1968). The Indianized states of Southeast Asia. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 9780824803681.
- R. K. Dikshit 1976, p. 25.
- Sushil Kumar Sullerey 2004, p. 25.
- V. V. Mirashi 1957, p. 497.
-
- Sen, Sailendra (2013). A Textbook of Medieval Indian History. Primus Books. pp. 35–37. ISBN 978-9-38060-734-4.
- Rajiv Kumar Verma (2015). "Kalachuri Inscriptions : A Reflection of Dwindling Political Power" (PDF). Veethika. 1 (3).
- Pandey(1993) pg197-332
- Aiyangar, p.44
- Sen, Sailendra (2013). A Textbook of Medieval Indian History. Primus Books. pp. 45–46. ISBN 978-9-38060-734-4.
- Dániel Balogh 2012, p. 103.
- Dániel Balogh 2010, p. 270.
- Om Prakash Misra 2003, p. 16.
- P. C. Roy 1980, p. 136.
- Gregory (1881) pp. 4–6 and/or as otherwise indicated. An asterisk (*) indicates the individual is not considered by Gregory.
- Kurt Forstreuter (1969). "Heinrich Walpot". In Fritz Wagner (ed.). Neue Deutsche Biographie. 8. Berlin: Duncker & Humblot. p. 377 [online edition].
Die Identität H.s mit dem Bruder Heinrich, der 1193 und 1194 als Prior, 1196 als „Preceptor“ des Deutschen Hospitals in Akkon genannt wird, ist wahrscheinlich. Er empfängt als solcher Schenkungen für das Hospital und darf, da man über die Amtsbezeichnungen in diesem Hospital in jener Frühzeit sonst fast nichts weiß, wohl als Oberhaupt des Hospitals gelten. Als das Deutsche Hospital in Akkon am 5.3.1198 durch die Führer des deutschen Kreuzzugsheeres, das Heinrich VI. vorausgeeilt war, in einen Ritterorden verwandelt wurde, war es nur natürlich, daß man H. als ersten Hochmeister ausersah. Der Orden wurde 1199 von Papst Innozenz III. bestätigt. [...] Über die Dauer seiner Amtszeit ist nichts Sicheres bekannt. Sein Nachfolger Otto von Kerpen amtierte im September 1208 [...]
- Klaus Militzer. Poppo von Osterna (Osternohe) 1252–1256. In: Arnold, Udo (Ed.), Die Hochmeister des Deutschen Ordens 1190–1994 (1998), p. 27.
- Debord, 573; and Watson, 453.
- Watson, 453.
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