List of state leaders in the 17th century

Angola

• Kingdom of Kongo (complete list) –

Kwilu dynasty

• Álvaro II, Manikongo (1587–1614)
• Bernardo II, Manikongo (1614–1615)
• Álvaro III, Manikongo (1615–1622)

Kinkanga dynasty

• Pedro II, Manikongo (1622–1624)
• Garcia I, Manikongo (1624–1626)

Kwilu dynasty

• Ambrósio I, Manikongo (1626–1631)
• Álvaro IV, Manikongo (1631–1636)

Kimpanzu dynasty

• Álvaro V, Manikongo (1636)

Kinlaza dynasty

• Álvaro VI, Manikongo (1636–1641)
• Garcia II, Manikongo (1641–1660)
• António I, Manikongo (1660–1665)

Civil War: Awenekongo

• Afonso II, Manikongo (1665)
• Álvaro VII, Manikongo (1665–1666)
• Álvaro VIII, Manikongo (1666–1669)
• Pedro III, Manikongo (1669)
• Álvaro IX, Manikongo (1669–1670)
• Rafael I, Manikongo (1670–1673)
• Afonso III, Manikongo (1673–1674)
• Daniel I, Manikongo (1674–1678)

• Kongo claimants of Kibangu (complete list) –

• Garcia III of Kibangu, Awenekongo (1669–1685)
• André I of Kibangu, Awenekongo (1685)
• Manuel I of Kibangu, Awenekongo (1685–1688)
• Álvaro X of Kibangu, Awenekongo (1688–1695)
• Pedro IV, Awenekongo (1695–1709)

• Kongo claimants of Lemba (complete list) –

• Pedro III, Awenekongo (1669–1680)
• João II of Lemba, Awenekongo (1680–1716)

• Kongo claimants of Mbamba Lovata (complete list) –

• Manuel of Lovata, Awenekongo (1678–1715)

• Kingdom of Matamba (complete list) –

• Mwongo Matamba, Queen (?–1631)
• Nzinga Mbande, Queen (1631–1663)
• Barbara, Queen (1663–1666)
• Njinga Mona, King (1666–1669)
• João, King (1669–1670)
• Njinga Mona, King (1670–1680)
• Francisco I, King (1680–1681)
• Verónica I, Queen (1681–1721)

• Portuguese Angola, (complete list) –

Colony, 1575–1951

For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

Cameroon

• Bafut (complete list) –

• Ambebi Ferh, King (1570–1635)
• Nebanfor, King (1635–1677)
• Chunga, King (1677–1708)

• Kingdom of Bamum (complete list) –

• Ngapna, Mfon (1590–1629)
• Ngouloure, Mfon (1629–1672)
• Koutou, Mfon (1672–1757)

Chad

• Sultanate of Bagirmi (complete list) –

• ‘Abdallah, Mbangi (1568–1608)
• ‘Umar (1608–1625)
• Dalai, Mbangi (1625–1635)
• Burkomanda I, Mbangi (1635–1665)
• ‘Abdul Rahman I, Mbangi (1665–1674)
• Dalo Birni, Mbangi (1674–1680)
• ‘Abdul Qadir I, Mbangi (1680–1707)

Congo: Belgian

• Kuba Kingdom (complete list)[1] –

• Shamba Bolongongo, Nyim (c.1600)
• Bongo Lenge, Nyim (17th century)
• Golo Bosh, Nyim (17th century)
• Boni Bosh, Nyim (17th century)
• Kongo Kama Bomanchala, Nyim (17th century)
• Bo Kama Bomanchala, Nyim (c.1680)
• Golo Boke, Nyim (late 17th century)
• Bokere Boke, Nyim (late 17th century)
• KotomBoke, Nyim (17th or 18th century)

• Kingdom of Lunda (complete list) –

• Cibind Yirung, Mwaantaangaand (c.1600–c.1630)
• Yaav I a Yirung, Mwaantaangaand (c.1630–c.1660)
• Yaav II a Nawej, Mwaantaangaand (c.1660–c.1690)
• Mbala I Yaav, Mwaant Yaav (c.1690–c.1720)

Congo: French

• Kingdom of Loango (complete list) –

• Moe Poaty I Kamangou, King (16th or 17th century)
• Ngouli N'Kama Loembe, King (17th century)
• N'Gangue M'voumbe Niambi, King (late 17th century)

Gabon

• Kingdom of Orungu (complete list) –

• Reto Ndongo, Founder (c.1700–?)

São Tomé and Príncipe

• Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe (complete list) –

Colony, 1470–1951

For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

Great Lakes area

Burundi

• Kingdom of Burundi (complete list) –

• Ntare I Rushatsi Cambarantama, King (c.1530–c.1550)
• Mwezi I Baridamunka, King (c.1550–c.1580)
• Mutaga I Mutabazi, King (c.1580–c.1600)
• Mwambutsa I Nkomati, King (c.1600–c.1620)
• Ntare II Kibogora, King (c.1620–c.1650)
• Mwezi II Nyaburunga, King (c.1650–c.1680)
• Ntare I, King (c.1680–c.1709)

Kenya

• Sultanate of Mombasa (complete list) –

• Yusuf ibn al-Hasan (1614–1632)

• Pate Sultanate (complete list) –

• Bwana Mkuu, Mfalume (1688–1713)

Rwanda

• Kingdom of Rwanda (complete list) –

• Kigeli II Nyamuheshera, King (1576–1609)
• Mibamwe II Sekarongoro II Gisanura, King (1609–1642)
• Yuhi III Mazimpaka, King (1642–1675)
• Cyilima II Rujugira, King (1675–1708)

Uganda

• Buganda (complete list) –

• Suuna I, Kabaka (c.1584–c.1614)
• Sekamaanya, Kabaka (c.1614–c.1634)
• Kimbugwe, Kabaka (c.1634–c.1644)
• Kateregga, Kabaka (c.1644–c.1674)
• Mutebi I, Kabaka (c.1674–c.1680)
• Juuko, Kabaka (c.1680–c.1690)
• Kayemba, Kabaka (c.1690–c.1704)

• Bunyoro (complete list) –

• Cwamali, Omukama
• Masamba, Omukama
• Anabwani I, Omukama (late 17th century)
• Kyebambe I, Omukama
• Winyi III, Omukama
• Nyaika, Omukama

Horn of Africa area

Ethiopia

• Ethiopian Empire: Solomonic dynasty (complete list) –

• Za Dengel, Emperor (1603–1604)
• Yaqob, Emperor (1597–1603, 1604–1606)
• Susenyos I, Emperor (1606–1632)
• Fasilides, Emperor (1632–1667)
• Yohannes I, Emperor (1667–1682)
• Iyasu I, Emperor (1682–1706)

• Kingdom of Garo (complete list)[2] –

• Magela, Tato (1600–1630)
• Daro, Tato (1630–1660)
• Chowaka, Tato (1660–1690)
• Leliso, Tato (1690–1720)

• Kingdom of Garo (complete list) –

• Ambiraj, Tato (1567–1600)[3]
• Magela, Tato (1600–1630)
• Daro, Tato (1630–1660)
• Chowaka, Tato (1660–1690)
• Leliso, Tato (1690–1720)

• Emirate of Harar (complete list) –

• ʿAli ibn Dā'ūd, Emīr (1647–1662)
• Hāshim ibn ʿAli, Emīr (1662–1671)
• ʿAbdullah ibn ʿAli, Emīr (1671–1700)
• Ṭalḥa ibn ʿAbdullah, Emīr (1700–1721)

• Kingdom of Kaffa (complete list)[4] –

• Bong-he or Borrete or Bongatato, King (1565–1605)
• Giba Nekiok or Bonge or Galo Nechocho, King (1605–1640)
• Gali Gafocho or Gali Ginok, King (1640–1675)
• Gali Ginocho or Tan Ginok, King (1675–1710)

• Ennarea (complete list)[5] –

• Badancho, Hinnare-tato (c.1580–1603)
• Benero, Hinnare-tato (c.1605–1619)
• Sysgayo, Hinnare-tato (c.1619–1630)
• Emana Krestos, Hinnare-tato (c.1630–1640)
• Gumičo, Hinnare-tato (c.1650–1645)
• Techochi, Hinnare-tato (mid 17th century)
• Gaha Nechocho, Hinnare-tato (mid 17th century)
• Gawa Sherocho, Hinnare-tato (late 17th century)

• Welayta (complete list)[6] –

• Gazenja, Kawa (17th century)
• Gazenya
• Addayo, Kawa (17th century)

Somalia

• Warsangali Sultanate (complete list) –

• Garaad Abdale, King (1585–1612)
• Garaad Ali, King (1612–1655)
• Garaad Mohamud IV, King (1655–1675)
• Garaad Naleye, King (1675–1705)

Indian Ocean

Comoros

• Sultanate of Ndzuwani (complete list) –

• Alimah III, Sultan/female ruler (c.1676–c.1711)

Madagascar

• Merina Kingdom (complete list) –

• Ralambo, King (1575–1612)
• Andrianjaka, King (1612–1630)
• Andriantsitakatrandriana, King (1630–1650)
• Andriantsimitoviaminandriandehibe, King (1650–1670)
• Andrianjaka Razakatsitakatrandriana, King (1670–1675)
• Andriamasinavalona, King (1675–1710)

Tunisia

• Eyalet of Tunis: Muradid dynasty –

• Murad I, Bey (1613–1631)
• Hammuda Pasha, Bey (1631–1666)
• Murad II, Bey (1666–1675)
• Mohamed El Mouradi, Bey (1686–1696)

Egypt

Sudan

• Sultanate of Darfur (complete list) –

• Sulayman Solong, Sultan (c.1660–c.1680)
• Musa Sulayman, Sultan (c.1680–?)

• Funj Sultanate of Sennar (complete list) –

• Unsa I, Sultan (1591–1603/4)[7][8]
• Abd al-Qadir II, Sultan (1603/4–1606)
• Adlan I, Sultan (1606–1611/2)
• Badi I, Sultan (1611/2–1616/7)
• Rabat I, Sultan (1616/7–1644/5)
• Badi II, Sultan (1644/5–1681)
• Unsa II, Sultan (1681–1692)
• Badi III, Sultan (1692–1716)

Algeria

• Regency of Algiers (Sultans / Governors) –

Vassal state, 1671–1830

• Ismail, Pasha (1659–1686)
• Mezzo Morto Hüseyin, Pasha (1686–1687)
• Mustapha V, Pasha (1694)
• Umar Pasha, Pasha (1694–1695)
• Musa, Pasha (1695–1698)
• Umar Pasha, Pasha (1698–1700)

Pashas without power, 1700–1711

Morocco

• Saadi dynasty of Morocco (complete list) –

• Ahmad al-Mansur, Sultan (1578–1603)

Succession war: 1603–1627

• Abu Faris Abdallah, Sultan (1603–1608)
• Zidan Abu Maali, Sultan (1603–1627)
• Abd al-Malik II, Sultan (1627–1631)
• Al-Walid ibn Zidan, Sultan (1631–1636)
• Mohammed esh-Sheikh es-Seghir, Sultan (1636–1655)
• Ahmad al-Abbas, Sultan (1655–1659)

• Morocco, Dila'i interlude (complete list) –

• Muhammad al-Haj ad-Dila'i, Sultan (1659–1663)

• Alaouite dynasty of Morocco (complete list) –

• Al-Rashid, Sultan (1666–1672)
• Ismail Ibn Sharif, Sultan (1672–1727)

Angola

• Kingdom of Ndongo (complete list) –

• Mbandi a Ngola, Ngola (1592–1617)
• Ngola Mbandi, Ngola (1617–1624)
• Nzinga of Ndongo and Matamba, Queen (1624–1626)

under Portuguese vassalage

• Hari a Kiluanje, King (1626)
• Hari, King (1626–1657)

of Ndongo-Matamba;

• Nzinga of Ndongo and Matamba, Queen (1657–1663)

of the state of Pungo a Ndongo;

• Mukambu Mbandi, Queen (1663–1671)

Mozambique

• Portuguese Mozambique (complete list) –

Colony, 1498–1972

For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

South Africa

• Dutch Cape Colony (complete list) –

Company rule of the Dutch East India Company, 1652–1795; British occupation, 1795–1803

For details see the Netherlands under western Europe

Zimbabwe

• Kingdom of Mutapa (complete list) –

• Gatsi Rusere, Mwenemutapa (1589–1623)
• Nyambu Kapararidze, Mwenemutapa (1623–1629)

becomes a Portuguese vassal (1629)

• Mavura Mhande Felipe, Mwenemutapa (1629–1652)
• Siti Kazurukamusapa, Mwenemutapa (1652–1663)

becomes a Rozwi Vassal (1663)

• Kamharapasu Mukombwe, Mwenemutapa (1663–1692)
• Nyakambira, Mwenemutapa (1692–1694)

returns to Portuguese vassalage (1694)

• Nyamaende Mhande, Mwenemutapa (1694–1707)

• Rozwi Empire –

• Changamire Dombo, King (c.1660–c.1695)

Benin

• Benin Empire (complete list) –

• Ehengbuda, Oba (1580–1602)[9]
• Ohuan, Oba (1602–1656)
• Ohenzae, Oba (1656–1661)
• Akenzae, Oba (1661–1669)
• Akengboi, Oba (1669–1675)
• Akenkpaye, Oba (1675–1684)
• Akengbedo, Oba (1684–1689)
• Ore-Oghene, Oba (1689–1701)

• Abomey (complete list) –

• Do-Aklin, ruler (c.1600)
• Dakodonou, ruler (c.1625–1645)

• Hogbonu (complete list) –

• Té-Agbanlin, Ahosu (1688–1729)

Burkina Faso

• Mossi Kingdom of Nungu (complete list) –

• Kampadiboaghi, Nunbado (1571–1615)
• Kampadi, Nunbado (1615–1659)
• Tantiari, Nunbado (1659–1684)
• Lissoangui, Nunbado (1684–1709)

Cape Verde

• Portuguese Cape Verde (complete list) –

Colony, 1462–1951

For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

Ghana

• Kingdom of Ashanti (complete list) –

• Osei Kofi Tutu I, Asantehene (c.1675/80–1717)

• Denkyira, or Agona (complete list) –

• Mumunumfi, Agonahene (1588–1620)
• Mumunumfi, Denkyirahene (1620–1624)
• Werempe Ampem, Denkyirahene (1624–1637)
• Boa Amponsem I, Denkyirahene (1637–1695)
• Ntim Gyakari, Denkyirahene (1695–1701)

Guinea-Bissau

• Portuguese Guinea (complete list) –

Colony, 1474–1951

For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

Mali

• Mali Empire: Keita dynasty (complete list) –

• Mahmud IV, Mansa (1590s–1600s)

• Kénédougou Kingdom –

• Nanka Traoré, Faama (c.1650–?)

Niger

• Dendi Kingdom: Askiya Dynasty (complete list) –

• al-Mustafa, Askiya (c.1600)
• Muhammad Sorko-ije, Askiya (early 17th century)
• Harun Dankataya, Askiya (early 17th century)
• al-Amin, Askiya (1611–1618)[10]
• Dawud II, Askiya (1618–1639)[11]
• Ismail, Askiya (c.1639)
• Muhammad, Askiya (1639)
• Dawud III, Askiya (1639–?)
• Muhammad Borgo, Askiya (early 17th century)
• Mar-Chindin, Askiya (early 17th century)
• Nuh II, Askiya (early 17th century)
• Muhammad Al-Borko, Askiya (early 17th century)
• Al-Hajj, Askiya (mid 17th century)
• Ismail, Askiya (mid 17th century)
• Dawud III, Askiya (c.1655)

Nigeria

• Bornu Empire (Kanem–Bornu)[12] (complete list) –

• Muhammed VI Bukalmarami, Mai (1596–1612)
• Ibrahim III of Bornu, Mai (1612–1619)
• Umar, Mai (1619–1639)
• Ali II, Mai (1639–1677)
• Idris IV of Bornu, Mai (1677–1696)
• Dunama VII, Mai (1696–1715)

• Oyo Empire (complete list) –

• Abipa, Alaafin (c.1600–?)
• Obalokun, Alaafin (17th century)
• Oluodo, Alaafin (17th century)
• Ajagbo, Alaafin (17th century)
• Odarawu, Alaafin (17th century)
• Kanran, Alaafin (17th century)
• Jayin, Alaafin (17th century or 18th century)

• Sultanate of Kano (complete list) –

• Muhammad Zaki, Sultan (1582–1618)
• Muhammad Nazaki, Sultan (1618–1623)
• Kutumbi, Sultan (1623–1648)
• al-Hajj, Sultan (1648–1649)
• Shekarau (emir), Sultan (1649–1651)
• Muhammad Kukuna, Sultan (1651–1652, 1652–1660)
• Soyaki, Sultan (1652)
• Bawa, Sultan (1660–1670)
• Dadi, Sultan (1670–1703)

• Lagos (complete list) –

• Ashipa, Oba (c.1682–1716)[13][14]

• Kingdom of Nri (complete list) –

• Eze Nri Agụ, King (1583–1676)
• Eze Nri Apia and Nri–Alike, King (1677–1700)

Senegal

• Jolof / Wolof Empire (complete list) –

• Gireun Buri Dyelen, Buur-ba (1597–1605)
• Birayma Penda, Buur-ba (1605–1649)
• Birayma Mba, Buur-ba (1649–1670)
• Bakar Penda, Buur-ba (1670–1711)

• Cayor (complete list) –

• Lat Sukabe, Damel (1697–1719)

Sierra Leone

• Kingdom of Koya (complete list) –

• Naimbanna I, Bai (1680–1720)

Kazakhstan

• Dzungar Khanate (complete list) –

• Khara Khula, Khong Tayiji (early 1600s–1634)
• Erdeni Batur, Khong Tayiji (1634–1653)
• Sengge, Khong Tayiji (1653–1670)
• Galdan Boshugtu, Khong Tayiji (1670–1697)
• Tsewang Arabtan, Khong Tayiji (1694–1727)

• Kazakh Khanate (complete list) –

• Esim, Khan (1598–1628)
• Zhangir, Khan (1628–1652)
• Batyr, Khan (1652–1680)
• Tauke, Khan (1680–1718)

Mongolia

• Altan Khan of the Khalkha (complete list) –

• Ubasi Khong Tayiji, Khan (?–1623)
• Badma Erdeni Khong Tayiji, Khan (1623–?)
• Erinchin Lobsang Tayiji, Khan (c.1658–c.1691)

Tajikistan

• Yarkent Khanate, Western Moghulistan (complete list) –

• Muhammad, Khan (1591–1610)
• Shudja ad-Din Ahmad, Khan (1610–1618)
• Kuraysh, Khan (1618)
• Abd al-Latif, Khan (1618–1630)
• Ahmad, Khan (1630–1633)
• Mahmud, Khan (1633–1636)
• Ahmad, Khan (1636–1638)
• Abdullah, Khan (1638–1669)
• Nur ad-Din, Khan (1667–1668)
• Ismail, Khan (1669–1670)
• YuIbars, Khan (1669–1670)
• Abd al Latif, Khan (1670)
• Ismail, Khan (1670–1680)
• Abd ar-Rashid II, Khan (1680–1682)
• Muhammad Amin, Khan (1682–1692)
• Abakh Khoja, Khan (1692–1694)
• Yahiya Khoja, Khan (1694–1695)
• Hanim Padsha, Khatun (1695)
• Akbash, Khan (1695–1705)

Tibet

• Guge[15]

• Khri Grags pa'i dBang phyug, King (c.1600)
• Khri Nam rgyal Grags pa lde, King (fl. 1618)
• Khri bKra shis Grags pa lde, King (pre-1622–1630)

• Phagmodrupa dynasty[16] (complete list) –

• Ngawang Drakpa Gyaltsen, Monarch (1576–1603/1604)
• Mipham Wanggyur Gyalpo, Monarch (1604–1613)
• Mipham Sonam Wangchuk Drakpa Namgyal Palzang, Monarch (early 17th century)

• Tsangpa[17] (complete list) –

• Khunpang Lhawang Dorje, Monarch (c.1582–1605/1606)
• Karma Thutob Namgyal, Monarch (c.1586–1610)
• Karma Tensung, Monarch (1599–1611)
• Karma Phuntsok Namgyal, Monarch (1611–1620)
• Karma Tenkyong, Monarch (1620–1642)

• Khoshut Khanate of Tibet

• Khans (complete list) –

• Güshi, Khan (1642–1655)
• Dayan, Khan (1655–1668)
• Tenzin Dalai, Khan (1668–1696)
• Tenzin Wangchuk, Khan (1696–1697)
• Lha-bzang, Khan (1697–1717)

• Dalai Lamas (complete list) –

• Ngawang Lobsang Gyatso, 5th Dalai Lama (1642–1682)
• Tsangyang Gyatso, 6th Dalai Lama (1697–1706)

Uzbekistan

• Khanate of Bukhara –

• Baqi Muhammad, Khan (1599–1605)
• Vali Muhammad, Khan (1605–1611)
• Imam Quli, Khan (1611–1642)
• Nadir Muhammad, Khan (1642–1645)
• Abdul Aziz, Khan (1645–1680)
• Subhan Quli, Khan (1680–1702)[18][19][20]

• Khanate of Khiva (complete list) –

• Haji Muhammad I, Khan (1558–1602)
• Arab Muhammad I, Khan (1602–1623)
• Isfandiyar, Khan (1623–1643)
• Abu al-Ghazi Bahadur, Khan (1643–1663)
• Anusha, Khan (1663–1685)
• unnamed, Khan (1685–1714)
• Khudaydad, Khan (1685–1687)
• Muhammad Awrang I, Khan (1687–1694)
• Chuchaq, Khan (1694–1697)
• Vali, Khan (1697–1698)
• Ishaq Agha Shah Niyaz, Khan (1698–1701)

• Kalmyk Khanate (complete list) –

• Kho Orluk, Khan (1633–1644)
• Shukhur Daichin, Khan (1644–1661)
• Puntsug, Khan (1661–1672)
• Ayuka, Khan (1672–1723)

China

• Ming dynasty (complete list) –

• Wanli, Emperor (1572–1620)
• Taichang, Emperor (1620)
• Tianqi, Emperor (1620–1627)
• Chongzhen, Emperor (1627–1644)

• Southern Ming (complete list) –

• Zhu Yousong, Emperor (1644–1645)
• Zhu Yujian, Emperor (1645–1646)
• Zhu Yihai, Regent / Emperor (1645–1655)
• Zhu Yuyue, Emperor (1646–1647)
• Zhu Youlang, ruler (1646–1647)
• Zhu Changqing, ruler (1648–1649)

• Shun dynasty –

• Li Zicheng, Emperor (1643–1645)

• Qing dynasty (complete list) –

• Nurhaci, Khan (1616–1626)
• Hong Taiji, Khan (1626–1636), Emperor (1636–1643)
• Shunzhi, Emperor (1643–1661)
• Kangxi, Emperor (1661–1722)

Japan

• Tokugawa shogunate of Japan

• Emperors (complete list) –

• Go-Yōzei, Emperor (1586–1611)
• Go-Mizunoo, Emperor (1611–1629)
• Meishō, Emperor (1629–1643)
• Go-Kōmyō, Emperor (1643–1654)
• Go-Sai, Emperor (1655–1663)
• Reigen, Emperor (1663–1687)
• Higashiyama, Emperor (1687–1709)

• Shōguns (complete list) –

• Tokugawa Ieyasu, Shōgun (1603–1605)
• Tokugawa Hidetada, Shōgun (1605–1623)
• Tokugawa Iemitsu, Shōgun (1623–1651)
• Tokugawa Ietsuna, Shōgun (1641–1680)
• Tokugawa Tsunayoshi, Shōgun (1680–1709)

• Ryukyu Kingdom: Second Shō Dynasty –

Tributary state of the Ming dynasty, 1429–1644

• Shō Nei, King (1589–1620)

Vassal state of Satsuma Domain, 1609–1872

• Shō Hō, King (1621–1640)
• Shō Ken, King (1641–1647)
• Shō Shitsu, King (1648–1668)
• Shō Tei, King (1669–1709)

Korea

• Joseon (complete list) –

• Seonjo, King (1567–1608)
• Gwanghaegun, King (1608–1623)
• Injo, King (1623–1649)
• Hyojong, King (1649–1659)
• Hyeonjong, King (1659–1674)
• Sukjong, King (1674–1720)

Mongolia

• Alliance of the Four Oirat (complete list) –

• Kharkhul, leader (1606–1634)

• Northern Yuan dynasty (complete list) –

• Buyan Sechen, Khan (1592–1603)
• Ligdan, Khan (1604–1634)
• Ejei, Khan (1634–1635)

Brunei

• Bruneian Empire (complete list) –

• Abdul Jalilul Akbar, Sultan (1598–1659)
• Abdul Jalilul Jabbar, Sultan (1659–1660)
• Muhammad Ali, Sultan (1660–1661)
• Abdul Hakkul Mubin, Sultan (1660–1673)
• Muhyiddin, Sultan (1673–1690)
• Nassaruddin, Sultan (1690–1710)

Cambodia

• Kingdom of Cambodia: Middle Period (complete list) –

• Ponhea Nhom, King (1600–1603)
• Barom Reachea IV, King (1603–1618)
• Chey Chettha II, King (1618–1628)
• Outey, King (1628–1642)
• Thommoreachea II or Sri Dharmaraja II, King (1628–1630)
• Batom Reachea or Padumaraja I, King (1640–1642)
• Ramathipadi I, King (1642–1658)
• Barom Reachea V or Paramaraja IX, King (1658–1672)
• Chey Chettha III or Padumaraja II, King (1672–1673)
• Kaev Hua II, King (1673–1674)
• Padumaraja III, King (1674)
• Chey Chettha IV, King (1675–1695, 1696–1699, 1700–1702, 1703–1706)
• Outey I or Narai Ramathipadi II, King (1695–1696)
• Barom Ramadhipati or Kaev Hua III, King (1699–1700, 1710–1722)

Indonesia

Indonesia: Java

• Tuban –

• Arya Salempe, King (16th/17th century)
• Pangeran Dalem, King (?–1619)

• Giri –

• Sunan Prapen, Sultan (1548–1605)
• Panembahan Kawis Gua, Sultan (1605–1621)
• Panembahan Agung, Sultan (1621–1626)
• Panembahan Mas Witana, Sultan (1626–1680)

• Duchy of Surabaya (complete list) –

• Panembahan Rama, Adipati (16th/17th century)
• Pangeran Surabaya, Adipati (16th/17th century)
• Pangeran Sunjaya, Adipati (17th century)
• Raden Jayalengkara, Adipati (?–1625)

• Blambangan Kingdom (complete list) –

• Mas Karian, King (?–1632)
• Sunan Tawang Alun I, King (1633–1639)
• Tawang Alun II, King (1665–1691)
• Pangeran Pati, King (1691)
• Sasranegara, Co-King (1691–1692)
• Mancanapura, King (1691–1697)
• Pangeran Putr, King (1697–1736)

• Pasuruan –

• Adipati Pekik, King (?–1614)[21]
• Ki Gede Kapulungan, Regent (c.1614–1616/17)
• Surapati, Wiranegara I, Sultan (1686–1706)

• Banten Sultanate (complete list) –

• Pangeran Ratu, Sultan (1596–1651)[22]
• Abu’lma’ali Ahmad, Sultan (1638–c.1650)
• Ageng Tirtayasa, Sultan (1651–1683)
• Abu an-Nasr, Sultan (1682–1687)
• Abdul Fadhl, Sultan (1687–1690)
• Abdul Mahasin Muhammad Zainulabidin, Sultan (1690–1733)

• Sultanate of Cirebon (complete list) –

• Panembahan Ratu, Sultan (c.1570–1649)
• Panembahan Girilaya, Sultan (c.1650–1662)

Split into the Kraton Kasepuhan, Kraton Kanoman, Kraton Kacirebonan, Panembahan Cirebon lines

• Cirebon, Keraton Kasepuhan (complete list) –

• Sepuh I Syamsuddin, Sultan (1662–1697)[23]
• Sepuh II Jamaluddin, Sultan (1697–1723)

• Cirebon, Kraton Kanoman (complete list) –

• Anom I Badruddin, Sultan (1662–1703)[24]

• Cirebon, Panembahan line (complete list) –

• Panembahan Cirebon I Muhammad Nasruddin, Sultan (1662–1714)[25]

• Cirebon, Kraton Kacirebonan (complete list) –

• Pangeran Arya Cirebon, Kamaruddin, Sultan (1697–1723)[26]

• Bangkalan –

• Raden Kara, Sultan (1592/6–1621)[27]
• Pangeran Mas, Sultan (1621–1624)
• Cakraningrat I, Sultan (1624–1648)
• Raden Demang Malaya Kusuma, Regent (1648–1656)
• Cakraningrat II, Sultan (1648–1707)

• Sumenep –

• Pangeran Wetan, Sultan (c.1600)[28]
• Pangeran Ellor II, Sultan (?–1624)
• Kyai Mas Anggadipa, Sultan (1624–?)
• Arya Yang Pati, Sultan (?–1671)
• Yudanegara, Sultan (1671–1684)
• Pulang Jiwa, Sultan (1684–1702)

• Pamekasan –

• Adikara I, Sultan (1685–1708)[29]

• Mataram Sultanate (complete list) –

• Senopati, Sultan (1587–1601)
• Raden Mas Jolang, Sultan (1601–1613)
• Agung, Sultan (1613–1645)
• Amangkurat I, Sultan (1646–1677)
• Amangkurat II, Susuhunan (1677–1703)

Indonesia: Sumatra

• Aceh Sultanate (complete list) –

• Alauddin Ri'ayat Syah Sayyid al-Mukammal, Sultan (1589–1604)
• Ali Ri'ayat Syah III, Sultan (1604–1607)
• Iskandar Muda, Sultan (1607–1636)
• Iskandar Thani, Sultan (1636–1641)
• Taj ul-Alam, Queen (1641–1675)
• Nurul Alam Naqiatuddin Syah, Queen (1675–1678)
• Inayat Zakiatuddin Syah, Queen (1678–1688)
• Zainatuddin, Queen (1688–1699)
• Badr ul-Alam Syarif Hasyim Jamaluddin, Sultan (1699–1702)

• Sultanate of Deli (complete list) –

• Gocah Pahlawan, Sultan (1632–1669)
• Perunggit, Sultan (1669–1698)
• Tuanku Panglima Paderap, Sultan (1698–1728)

• Sultanate of Langkat –

• Panglima Dewa Sakti, Raja (1580–1612)
• Kahar bin Panglima Dewa Sakdi, Raja (1612–1673)
• Bendahara Raja Badiuzzaman, Raja (1673–1750)

• Riau-Lingga Sultanate (complete list) –

• Alauddin Riayat Shah III, Sultan (1597–1615)
• Abdullah Ma'ayat Shah, Sultan (1615–1623)
• Abdul Jalil Shah III, Sultan (1623–1677)
• Ibrahim Shah, Sultan (1677–1685)
• Mahmud Shah II, Sultan (1685–1699)
• Abdul Jalil Shah IV, Sultan (1699–1720)

• Jambi Sultanate –

  Hilir Jambi, Sultan (1687–1696)

  Sultan Sri Maharaja Batu, Sultan (1690–1721)

Indonesia: Kalimantan (Borneo)

• Sultanate of Banjar (complete list) –

• Mustain Billah, Sultan (1595–1638)
• Inayatullah bin Mustainbillah, Sultan (1642–1647)
• Saidullah, Sultan (1647–1660)
• Ri'ayatullah, Sultan (1660–1663)
• Amrullah Bagus Kasuma, Sultan (1663–1679)
• Agung/Pangeran Suryanata II, Sultan (1663–1679)
• Amrullah Bagus Kasuma, Sultan (1679–1700)
• Tahmidullah I, Sultan (1700–1717)

• Bulungan –

• Kelana, Putera Singa Laut, Wira (1618–1640)
• Keranda, Putera Wira Kelana, Wira (1640–1695)
• Digendung, putra Wira Keranda, Wira (1695–1731)

• Kutai Kartanegara Sultanate –

• Aji Pangeran Sinum Panji Mendapa, Sultan (c.1635–1650)

• Sultanate of Sambas (complete list) –

• Timbang Paseban, Governor, Sultan (1600–1609)
• Sepudak, King (1609–1632)
• Anom Kesumayuda, King (1632–1670)
• Muhammad Shafi ud-din I, Sultan (1675–1685)
• Muhammad Taj ud-din I, Sultan (1685–1708)

• Sultanate of Sintang –

• Abang Pencin Pontin, Prince (c.1600–1643)
• Tunggal, Prince (c.1643–1672)
• Sri Paduka Muhammad Shams ud-din Sa'id ul-Khairiwaddien Sultan Nata, Sultan (1672–1738)

Indonesia: Sulawesi

• Bone state –

• Latenri Tuppu Matinro Ri Sidenreng, King (c.1605)

• Sultanate of Gowa –

• Alau'ddin, Sultan (1593–1639)
• Malikussaid (Muhammad Said), Sultan (1639–1653)
• Hasanuddin, Sultan (1653–1669)
• Amir Hamzah, Sultan (1669–1674)
• Muhammad Ali (Karaeng Bisei), Sultan (1674–1677)
• Abdul Jalil, Sultan (1677–1709)

• Luwu –

• Andi Pattiware’ Daeng Parabung, Datu (1587–1615)
• Patipasaung, Datu (1615–1637)
• La Basso, Datu (1637–1663)
• Settiaraja, Datu (1663–1704)
• Petta Matinroe’ ri Polka, Datu (1660s)

Indonesia: Lesser Sunda Islands

• Bali Kingdom: Gelgel (complete list) –

• Dalem Seganing, King (c.1580–1623 or ?–1650)
• Dalem Di Made, King (1623–1642 or 1655–1665)
• Dewa Pacekan, King (1642–1650)
• Dewa Cawu, King (1651–c.1655)
• Anglurah Agung, usurper King (c.1665–1686)

• Kingdom of Larantuka –

• Ola Adobala, Raja (c.1665)
• Luis, Raja (c.1675)

• Bima Sultanate (complete list) –

• Abdul Kahir, Sultan (c.1620–1640)
• Ambela Abu'l-Khair Sirajuddin, Sultan (1640–1682)
• Nuruddin Abubakar Ali Syah, Sultan (1682–1687)
• Jamaluddin Ali Syah, Sultan (1687–1696)
• Hasanuddin Muhammad Ali Syah, Sultan (1697–1731)

Indonesia: West Timor

• Amanatun (complete list) –

• Pedro of Batumean, Raja (c.1642)
• João of Batumean, Raja (c.1645)

• Amarasi (complete list) –

• Dom António I, Raja (?–1665)[30]
• Dom Tomás, Raja (1665–?)
• Dom António II, Raja (c.1688)

• Amabi (complete list) –

• Sebastião, Raja (c.1652)
• Saroro Neno, Raja (c.1655)
• Ama Kefi Meu, Raja (1666–1704)

• Sonbai Besar (complete list) –

• Ama Tuan/ Ama Utang, Emperor (c.1650–c.1680)[31]

• Sonbai Kecil (complete list) –

• Ama Tuan II, Raja (1659–1672)[32]
• Bi Sonbai/ Usi Tetu Utang, Queen (1672–1717)

Indonesia: Maluku Islands

• Sultanate of Bacan (complete list) –

• Alauddin I, Sultan (1581–c.1609)[33]
• Nurusalat, Sultan (c.1609–1649)
• Muhammad Ali, Sultan (1649–1660)

Dutch protectorate 1667–1942

• Alauddin II, Sultan (1660–1706)

• Sultanate of Jailolo –

• Kodrat, Sultan (?–c.1605)[34]
• Dua, Sultan (c.1605–1613)
• Raja Buka, Sultan (1613–1656)
• Kaicil Alam, Sultan (c.1679–1684)

• Sultanate of Tidore (complete list) –

• Mole Majimu, Sultan (1599–1627)[35]
• Ngarolamo, Sultan (1627–1634)
• Gorontalo, Sultan (1634–1639)
• Saidi, Sultan (1640–1657)
• Saifuddin, Golofino, Sultan (1657–1689)

Dutch protectorate 1657–1905

• Hamza Faharuddin, Sultan (1689–1705)

• Sultanate of Ternate (complete list) –

• Said Barakat Shah, Sultan (1583–1606)
• Muzaffar Shah I, Sultan (1607–1627)
• Hamzah, Sultan (1627–1648)
• Mandar Shah/ Manlarsaha, Sultan (1648–1650)
• Manilha, Sultan (1650–1655)
• Mandar Shah, Sultan (1655–1675)

Dutch protectorate 1683–1915

• Sibori, Sultan (1675–1689)
• Said Fathullah, Sultan (1689–1714)

Laos

• Lan Xang (complete list) –

• Voravongsa II, King (1598–1622)
• Oupagnouvarath, King (1622–1623)
• Photisarath II, King (1623–1627)
• Mon Keo, King (1621–1622)
• Tone Kham, King (1627–1633)
• Vichai, King (1633–1637)
• Souligna Vongsa, King (1637–1695)
• Tian Thala, King (c.1695)
• Ong Lo, King (1694–1698)
• Nan Tharat, King (1699)
• Setthathirath II, King (1700–1707)

• Muang Phuan (complete list) –

• Kham Sanh, King (1651–1688)
• Kam Lan, King (1688–1700)

Malaysia

Peninsular Malaysia

• Kedah Sultanate (complete list) –

• Mudzaffar Shah III, Sultan, (1547–1602)
• Sulaiman Shah II, Sultan, (1602–1626)
• Rijaluddin Muhammad Shah, Sultan, (1626–1652)
• Muhyiddin Mansur Shah, Sultan, (1652–1662)
• Dziaddin Mukarram Shah I, Sultan, (1662–1688)
• Ataullah Muhammad Shah II, Sultan, (1688–1698)
• Abdullah Mu'adzam Shah, Sultan, (1698–1706)

• Kelantan Sultanate: Champa dynasty (complete list) –

• Muhammad ibni al-Marhum Sultan Ibrahim, Sultan (1597–1602)
• Addil ud-din, Sultan (1579–1597, 1602–1605)
• Samir ud-din, Sultan (1605–1616)
• 'Abdu'l Kadir, Sultan (1616–1637)
• Sakti I, Raja (1637–1649)
• Loyor bin Raja Sakti I, Raja (1649–1663)
• Puteri Saadong, Raja (1663–1667)
• Sa'adong I, Rata (1667–1671)
• Abdul Rahim, Sultan (1671–1676)
• Omar Ibni Al-Marhum Raja Sakti I, Sultan (1675–1721)

• Pahang Sultanate (complete list) –

• Abdul Ghafur Muhiuddin Shah, Sultan (1592–1614)
• Alauddin Riayat Shah, Sultan (1614–1615)
• Abdul Jalil Shah III, Sultan of Pahang (1615–1617), Sultan of Johor (1623–1677)

• Johor Sultanate (complete list) –

• Alauddin Riayat Shah III, Sultan (1597–1615)
• Abdullah Ma'ayat Shah, Sultan (1615–1623)
• Abdul Jalil Shah III, Sultan of Pahang (1615–1617), Sultan of Johor (1623–1677)
• Ibrahim Shah, Sultan (1677–1685)
• Mahmud II, Sultan (1685–1699)
• Abdul Jalil Shah IV, Sultan (1699–1720)

• Perak Sultanate (complete list) –

Malacca dynasty

• Alauddin Riayat Shah I, Sultan (1594–1603)
• Mukaddam Riayat Shah I, Sultan (1603–1619)
• Ahmad Mansur Riayat Shah II, Sultan (1619–1627)
• Mahmud Riayat Shah I, Sultan (1627–1630)
• Sallehuddin Riayat Shah, Sultan (1630–1636)

Siak dynasty

• Muzaffar Riayat Shah II, Sultan (1636–1653)
• Mahmud Iskandar Shah, Sultan (1653–1720)

Malaysian Borneo

• Sultanate of Sarawak –

• Tengah, Sultan (1599–1641)

Myanmar / Burma

• Kingdom of Mrauk U (complete list) –

• Razagyi, King (1593–1612)
• Khamaung, King (1612–1622)
• Thiri Thudhamma, King (1622–1638)
• Sanay, King (1638)
• Narapati, King (1638–1645)
• Thado, King (1645–1652)
• Sanda Thudhamma, King (1652–1674)
• Thiri Thuriya, King (1674–1685)
• Wara Dhammaraza, King (1685–1692)
• Muni Thudhammaraza, King (1692–1694)
• Sanda Thuriya I, King (1694–1696)
• Nawrahta, King (1696)
• Mayuppiya, King (1696–1697)
• Kalamandat, King (1697–1698)
• Naradipati, King (1698–1700)
• Sanda Wimala I, King (1700–1707)

• Toungoo dynasty (complete list) –

• Nyaungyan Min, King (1599–1605)
• Anaukpetlun, King (1605–1628)
• Minyedeippa, King (1628–1629)
• Thalun, King (1629–1648)
• Pindale Min, King (1648–1661)
• Pye Min, King (1661–1672)
• Narawara, King (1672–1673)
• Minyekyawdin, King (1673–1698)
• Sanay Min, King (1698–1714)

Philippines

• Sultanate of Sulu (complete list) –

• Batarah Shah Tengah, Sultan (1596–1608)
• Muwallil Wasit I, Sultan (1610–1650)
• Muhammad Kudarat, Sultan of Maguindanao (1619–1671), Sultan of Sulu as Nasir ud-Din II (1645–1648)
• Salah ud-Din, Sultan (1649/50–1680)
• Ali Shah, Sultan (late 17th century)
• Nur ul-Azam, ruler (late 17th century)
• Shahab ud-Din, Sultan (1685–1710)

• Sultanate of Maguindanao (complete list) –

• Kapitan Laut Buisan, Sultan (1597–1619)
• Muhammad Kudarat, Sultan of Maguindanao (1619–1671), Sultan of Sulu as Nasir ud-Din II (1645–1648)
• Barahaman, Sultan (c.1678–1699)
• Kahar Ud-din Kuda, Sultan (?–1702)

• Spanish East Indies, part of the Captaincy General of the Philippines (complete list) –

Colony, 1565–1901

For details see Spain in southwest Europe

Taiwan

• Kingdom of Tungning: House of Koxinga (complete list) –

• Koxinga, Prince (1661–1662)
• Zheng Xi, Protector (1662)
• Zheng Jing, Prince (1662–1681)
• Zheng Kezang, Prince Regent (1681)
• Zheng Kezang, Prince (1681–1683)

Thailand

• Ayutthaya Kingdom (complete list) –

Sukhothai dynasty

• Naresuan, King of Sukhothai (1570–1590), King of Ayutthaya (1590–1605)
• Ekathotsarot, King (1605–1620)
• Si Saowaphak, King (1620)
• Songtham, King (1620–1628)
• Chetthathirat, King (1628–1629)
• Athittayawong, King (1629)

Prasat Thong dynasty

• Prasat Thong, King (1629–1656)
• Chai, King (1656)
• Si Suthammaracha, King (1656)
• Narai, King (1656–1688)

Ban Phlu Luang dynasty

• Phetracha, King (1688–1703)

• Lan Na: Burmese rule (complete list) –

• Nawrahta Minsaw, King (1579–1607/08)
• Thado Minsaw (Phra Choi), King (1607/08–1608/09)
• Minye Deibba (Phra Chaiyathip), King (1608/09–1614)
• Thado Kyaw, King (1614)
• Si Songmueang, King (1615–1631)
• Thipphanet, Lord (1631–1655)
• Phra Saenmueang, King (1655–1659)
• King of Phrae, King (1659–1672)
• Uengsae of Ava, Viceroy (1672–1675)
• Che Putarai, King (1675–1707)

• Pattani Kingdom (complete list) –

Inland dynasty

• Ratu Hijau, Queen (1584–1616)
• Ratu Biru, Queen (1616–1624)
• Ratu Ungu, Queen (1624–1635)
• Ratu Kuning, Queen (1635–1649/88)

First Kelantanese dynasty

• Bakal, Raja (1688–1690 or 1651–1670)
• Emas Kelantan, Raja (1690–1704 or 1670–1698)
• Emas Chayam, Queen (1704–1707 or 1698–1702 and 1716–1718)

Vietnam

• Champa (complete list) –

• Po Ro Me, King (1627–1651)
• Po Niga, King (1652–1660)
• Po Saut, King (1660–1692)
• Po Saktirai da putih, King (1695–1728)

• Đại Việt: Mạc dynasty (complete list) –

• Mạc Kính Cung, Emperor (1593–1625)
• Mạc Kính Khoan, Emperor (1623–1638)
• Mạc Kính Vũ , Emperor (1638–1677)

• Đại Việt: Revival Lê dynasty (complete list) –

• Lê Kính Tông, Emperor (1600–1619)
• Lê Thần Tông, Emperor (1619–1643, 1649–1662)
• Lê Chân Tông, Emperor (1643–1649)
• Lê Huyền Tông, Emperor (1663–1671)
• Lê Gia Tông, Emperor (1672–1675)
• Lê Hy Tông, Emperor (1676–1704)

• Đàng Ngoài: Trịnh lords (complete list) –

• Trịnh Tùng, Lord (1570–1623)
• Trịnh Tráng, Lord (1623–1652)
• Trịnh Tạc, Lord (1653–1682)
• Trịnh Căn, Lord (1682–1709)

• Đàng Trong: Nguyễn lords (complete list) –

• Nguyễn Hoàng, Lord (1558–1613)
• Nguyễn Phúc Nguyên, Lord (1613–1635)
• Nguyễn Phúc Lan, Lord (1635–1648)
• Nguyễn Phúc Tần, Lord (1648–1687)
• Nguyễn Phúc Thái, Lord (1687–1691)
• Nguyễn Phúc Chu, Lord (1691–1725)

See also List of state leaders in the 17th-century south Asia

Iran

• Safavid Iran (complete list) –

• Abbas I, Shah (1587–1629)
• Safi, Shah (1629–1642)
• Abbas II, Shah (1642–1666)
• Suleiman I, Shah (1666–1694)
• Husayn, Sultan (1694–1722)

• Baban (complete list) –

• Faqi Ahmad, Prince (1649–1670)
• Sulaiman Baba, Prince (1670–1703)

Oman

• Yaruba dynasty (complete list) –

• Nasir bin Murshid, Imam (1624–1649)
• Sultan bin Saif, Imam (1649–1679), Portuguese protectorate ended with 1650
• Bil'arab bin Sultan, Imam (1679–1692)
• Saif bin Sultan, Imam (1692–1711)

Saudi Arabia

• Bani Khalid Emirate (complete list) –

• Barak bin Ghurair bin Masoud Al Hamid, Emir (1669–1682)
• Muhammad bin Ghurair, Emir (1682–1691)
• Sa'dun bin Muhammad, Emir (1691–1722)

Turkey

• Ottoman Empire

• Sultans –

• Mehmed III, Sultan (1595–1603)
• Ahmed I, Sultan (1603–1617)
• Mustafa I, Sultan (1617–1618, 1622–1623)
• Osman II, Sultan (1618–1622)
• Murad IV, Sultan (1623–1640)
• Ibrahim I, Sultan (1640–1648)
• Mehmed IV, Sultan (1648–1687)
• Suleiman II, Sultan (1687–1691)
• Ahmed II, Sultan (1691–1695)
• Mustafa II, Sultan (1695–1703)

• Grand Viziers –

• Damat Ibrahim Pasha, Grand Vizier (1599–1601)
• Yemişçi Hasan Pasha, Grand Vizier (1601–1603)
• Yavuz Ali Pasha, Grand Vizier (1603–1604)
• Sokolluzade Lala Mehmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1604–1606)
• Boşnak Derviş Mehmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1606)
• Kuyucu Murad Pasha, Grand Vizier (1606–1611)
• Nasuh Pasha, Grand Vizier (1611–1614)
• Öküz Mehmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1614–1616)
• Damat Halil Pasha, Grand Vizier (1616–1619)
• Öküz Mehmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1619–1619)
• Güzelce Ali Pasha, Grand Vizier (1619–1621)
• Ohrili Hüseyin Pasha, Grand Vizier (1621)
• Dilaver Pasha, Grand Vizier (1621–1622)
• Kara Davud Pasha, Grand Vizier (1622)
• Mere Hüseyin Pasha, Grand Vizier (1622)
• Lefkeli Mustafa Pasha, Grand Vizier (1622)
• Gürcü Hadım Mehmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1622–1623)
• Mere Hüseyin Pasha, Grand Vizier (1623)
• Kemankeş Kara Ali Pasha, Grand Vizier (1623–1624)
• Çerkes Mehmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1624–1625)
• Filibeli Hafız Ahmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1625–1626)
• Damat Halil Pasha, Grand Vizier (1626–1628)
• Gazi Ekrem Hüsrev Pasha, Grand Vizier (1628–1631)
• Hafiz Ahmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1631–1632)
• Topal Recep Pasha, Grand Vizier (1632)
• Tabanıyassı Mehmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1632–1637)
• Bayram Pasha, Grand Vizier (1637–1638)
• Tayyar Mehmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1638)
• Kemankeş Mustafa Pasha, Grand Vizier (1638–1644)
• Sultanzade Mehmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1644–1645)
• Nevesinli Salih Pasha, Grand Vizier (1645–1647)
• Kara Musa Pasha, Grand Vizier (1647)
• Hezarpare Ahmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1647–1648)
• Sofu Mehmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1648–1649)
• Kara Murat Pasha, Grand Vizier (1649–1650)
• Melek Ahmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1650–1651)
• Abaza Siyavuş Pasha I, Grand Vizier (1651)
• Gürcü Mehmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1651–1652)
• Tarhoncu Ahmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1652–1653)
• Bıyıklı Koca Derviş Mehmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1653–1654)
• Ibşir Mustafa Pasha, Grand Vizier (1654–1655)
• Kara Dev Murad Pasha, Grand Vizier (1655)
• Ermeni Süleyman Pasha, Grand Vizier (1655)
• Gazi Hüseyin Pasha, Grand Vizier (1656)
• Zurnazen Mustafa Pasha, Grand Vizier (1656)
• Abaza Siyavuş Pasha I, Grand Vizier (1656)
• Boynuyaralı Mehmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1656)
• Köprülü Mehmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1656–1661)
• Köprülü Fazıl Ahmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1661–1676)
• Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Pasha, Grand Vizier (1676–1683)
• Bayburtlu Kara Ibrahim Pasha, Grand Vizier (1683–1685)
• Sarı Süleyman Pasha, Grand Vizier (1685–1687)
• Abaza Siyavuş Pasha II, Grand Vizier (1687–1688)
• Ayaşlı Ismail Pasha, Grand Vizier (1688)
• Tekirdağlı Bekri Mustafa Pasha, Grand Vizier (1688–1689)
• Köprülü Fazıl Mustafa Pasha, Grand Vizier (1689–1691)
• Bahadırzade Arabacı Ali Pasha, Grand Vizier (1691–1692)
• Merzifonlu Çalık Hacı Ali Pasha, Grand Vizier (1692–1693)
• Bozoklu (Bıyıklı)Mustafa Pasha, Grand Vizier (1694)
• Sürmeli Ali Pasha, Grand Vizier (1694–1695)
• Elmas Mehmed Pasha, Grand Vizier (1695–1697)
• Amcazade Köprülü Hüseyin Pasha, Grand Vizier (1697–1702)

Yemen

• Kathiri (complete list) –

• Dscha'far ibn 'Abdallah al-Kathir, Sultan (1670–1690)
• Badr ibn Dscha'far al-Kathir, Sultan (1690–1707)

• Yemeni Zaidi State (complete list) –

• al-Mansur al-Qasim, Imam (1597–1620)
• al-Mu'ayyad Muhammad, Imam (1620–1640)
• al-Mutawakkil Isma'il, Imam (1640–1676)
• al-Mahdi Ahmad, Imam (1676–1681)
• al-Mu'ayyad Muhammad II, Imam (1681–1686)
• al-Mahdi Muhammad, Imam (1689–1718)

• Lower Yafa –

• Afif, ruler (1681–1700)
• Qahtan ibn Afif, ruler (1700–1720)

• Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro (complete list) –

• Ruvim II, Prince-bishop (1593–1636)
• Mardarije I, Prince-bishop (1639–1649)
• Visarion I, Prince-bishop (1649–1659)
• Mardarije II, Prince-bishop (1659–1673)
• Ruvim III, Prince-bishop (1673–1685)
• Vasilije II, Prince-bishop (1685)
• Visarion II, Prince-bishop (1685–1692)
• Sava Očinić, Prince-bishop (1694–1696)
• Danilo I, Prince-bishop (1696–1735)

• Kingdom of England, Kingdom of Scotland, Kingdom of Ireland (complete list, complete list) –

• Elizabeth I, Queen of England and Ireland (1558–1603)
• James VI, King of Scotland (1567–1625), King of England and Ireland (1603–1625)
• Charles I, King (1625–1649)

• Commonwealth of England –

• English Council of State, (1649–1653, 1659–1660)

• The Protectorate: Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland (complete list) –

• Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector (1653–1658)
• Richard Cromwell, Lord Protector (1658–1659)

• Kingdom of England, Kingdom of Scotland, Kingdom of Ireland (complete list, complete list) –

• Charles I, King of Scotland (1649–1651, 1660–1685), King of England and Ireland (1660–1685)
• James VII, King (1685–1688)
• Mary II, Queen co-regnant (1689–1694) and William II, King co-regnant (1689–1702)

Ireland

• East Breifne (complete list) –

• Edmond, ruler (1596–1601)
• Owen, ruler (1601–1609)

• West Breifne (complete list) –

• Tadhg Ó Ruairc, Lord (1600–1605)

• Leinster (complete list) –

• Domhnall Spáinneach mac Murchadha Caomhánach, King (1582–1603)

• Síol Anmchadha (complete list) –

• Domhnall Ó Madadhan, Lord (1567–1612)
• Anmchadh Ó Madadhan, Lord (1612–1636)

See also List of state leaders in the 17th-century Holy Roman Empire

• Holy Roman Empire, Kingdom of Germany

• Emperors Elect, Kings –

• Rudolph II, Emperor Elect (1576–1612), King (1575–1612)
• Matthias, Emperor Elect (1612–1619), King (1612–1618)
• Ferdinand II, Emperor Elect (1619–1637), King (1618–1637)
• Ferdinand III, Emperor Elect (1637–1657), King (1636–1657)
• Ferdinand IV, co-King (1653–1654)
• Leopold I, Emperor Elect, King (1658–1705)

• Reichsvizekanzler: Vice Chancellor –

• Rudolf Coraduz von und zu Nußdorf, Vice Chancellor (1597–1606)
• Leopold von Stralendorf, Vice Chancellor (1606–1612)
• Hans Ludwig von Ulm, Vice Chancellor (1612–1627)
• Peter Heinrich von Stralendorf, Vice Chancellor (1627–1637)
• Ferdinand Sigismund Graf Kurtz von Senftenau, Vice Chancellor (1637–1659)
• Wilderich von Walderdorff, Vice Chancellor (1660–1669)
• Leopold Wilhelm Graf von Königsegg-Rothenfels, Vice Chancellor (1669–1694)
• Gottlieb Amadeus Graf von Windisch-Graetz, Vice Chancellor (1694–1695)
• Dominik Andreas I. von Kaunitz, Vice Chancellor (1698–1705)

Hungary

• Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867) (complete list) –

• Rudolph, King (1576–1608)
• Matthias II, King (1608–1619)
• Ferdinand II, King (1619–1637)
• Ferdinand III, King (1637–1657)
• Ferdinand IV, King (1647–1654)
• Leopold I, King (1657–1705)

Poland

• Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth: Kingdom of Poland (complete list) –

• Sigismund III Vasa, King and Grand Duke (1587–1632)
• Władysław IV Vasa, King and Grand Duke (1632–1648)
• John II Casimir Vasa, King and Grand Duke (1648–1668)
• Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki, King and Grand Duke (1669–1673)
• John III Sobieski, King and Grand Duke (1674–1696)
• Augustus II the Strong, King and Grand Duke (1697–1706, 1709–1733)

• Duchy of Prussia (complete list) –

• Albert Frederick, Duke (1568–1618)
• John Sigismund, Duke (1618–1619)
• George William, Duke (1619–1640)
• Frederick William, Duke (1640–1688)
• Frederick I, Duke (1688–1701), King (1701–1713)

• Crimean Khanate (complete list) –

• Ğazı II Giray, Khan (1596–1607)
• Toqtamış Giray, Khan (1607–1608)
• Selâmet I Giray, Khan (1608–1610)
• Canibek Giray, Khan (1610–1623)
• Mehmed III Giray, Khan (1623–1628)
• Canibek Giray, Khan (1628–1635)
• İnayet Giray, Khan (1635–1637)
• Bahadır I Giray, Khan (1637–1641)
• Mehmed IV Giray, Khan (1641–1644)
• İslâm III Giray, Khan (1644–1654)
• Mehmed IV Giray, Khan (1654–1666)
• Adil Giray, Khan (1666–1671)
• Selim I Giray, Khan (1671–1678)
• Murad Giray, Khan (1678–1683)
• Hacı II Giray, Khan (1683–1684)
• Selim I Giray, Khan (1684–1691)
• Saadet III Giray, Khan (1691)
• Safa Giray, Khan (1691–1692)
• Selim I Giray, Khan (1692–1699)
• Devlet II Giray, Khan (1699–1702)

• Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth: Grand Duchy of Lithuania (complete list) –

• Sigismund III Vasa, King and Grand Duke (1587–1632)
• Władysław IV Vasa, King and Grand Duke (1632–1648)
• John II Casimir Vasa, King and Grand Duke (1648–1668)
• Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki, King and Grand Duke (1669–1673)
• John III Sobieski, King and Grand Duke (1674–1696)
• Augustus II the Strong, King and Grand Duke (1697–1706, 1709–1733)

• Moldavia (complete list) –

• Ieremia Movilă, Voivode (1595–1600, 1600–1606)
• Simion Movilă, Voivode (1606–1607)
• Mihail II Movilă, Voivode (1607, 1607)
• Constantin I Movilă, Voivode (1607, 1607–1611)
• Ștefan IX Tomșa, Voivode (1611–1615, 1621–1623)
• Alexandru VI Movilă, Voivode (1615–1616)
• Radu Mihnea, Voivode (1616–1619, 1623–1626)
• Gaspar Graziani, Voivode (1619–1620)
• Alexandru VII Iliaş, Voivode (1620–1621, 1631–1633)
• Miron Barnovschi-Movilă, Voivode (1626–1629, 1633)
• Alexandru VIII Coconul, Voivode (1626–1629)
• Moise Movilă, Voivode (1630–1631, 1633–1634)
• Vasile Lupu, Voivode (1634–1653, 1653)
• Gheorghe II Ștefan, Voivode (1653, 1653–1658)
• Gheorghe III Ghica, Voivode (1658–1659)
• Constantin Șerban, Voivode (1659, 1661)
• Ștefan X Lupu, Voivode (1659–1661, 1661)
• Eustratie Dabija, Voivode (1661–1665)
• Gheorghe IV Duca, Voivode (1665–1666, 1668–1672, 1678–1683)
• Iliaș III Alexandru, Voivode (1666–1668)
• Ștefan XI Petriceicu, Voivode (1672–1673, 1673–1674, 1683–1684)
• Dumitrașcu Cantacuzino, Voivode (1673, 1674–1675, 1684–1685)
• Antonie Ruset, Voivode (1675–1678)
• Constantin Cantemir, Voivode (1685–1693)
• Dimitrie Cantemir, Voivode (1693, 1710–1711)
• Constantin Duca, Voivode (1693–1695, 1700–1703)
• Antioh Cantemir, Prince (1695–1700, 1705–1707)

• Qasim Khanate (complete list) –

• Eid al-Muhammad, Khan (1600–1610)
• Arslanghali, Khan (1614–1627)
• Sayed Borhan, Sultan (1627–1679)
• Fatima Soltan, Khanum (1679–1681)

• Tsardom of Russia (complete list) –

• Boris Godunov, Tsar (1598–1605)
• Feodor II, Tsar (1605)
• Dmitriy I, Tsar (1605–1606)
• Vasili IV, Tsar (1606–1610)
• Vladislav I, Tsar (1610–1612)
• Michael I, Tsar (1613–1645)
• Alexis, Tsar (1645–1676)
• Feodor III, Tsar (1676–1682)
• Peter I, Tsar (1682–1721), Emperor (1721–1725)
• Ivan V, co-Tsar (1682–1696)

• Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711) (complete list) –

• Giorgio Basta, commissioner (1600–1601, 1601–1603)[36][37]
• Sigismund Báthory, Prince (1586–1598, 1598–1599, 1601–1602)[38][39][40]
• Moses Székely, Prince (1603)[37][41]
• Radu Șerban, Voivode (1603),[42] Prince (July 1603–September 1603
• Giorgio Basta, commissioner (1603–1604)[43]
• Stephen Bocskai, Prince (1605–1606)[44][45]
• Sigismund Rákóczi, Prince (1607–1608)[46][47]
• Gabriel Báthory, Prince (1608–1613)[48][49]
• Gabriel Bethlen, Prince (1613–1629)[50][51]
• Catherine of Brandenburg, Princess (1629–1630)[52][53][54]
• Stephen Bethlen, Prince (1630)[52][55]
• George I Rákóczi, Prince (1630–1648)[56]
• George II Rákóczi, Prince (1648–1657, 1658, 1659–1660)[57][58]
• Francis I Rákóczi, Prince (not installed)[59]
• Francis Rhédey, Prince (1657–1658)[60]
• Ákos Barcsay, Prince (1658–1659, 1660)[61]
• John Kemény, Prince (1661–1662)[62]
• Michael I Apafi, Prince (1661–1690)[63]
• Emeric Thököly, Prince (1690)[64]
• Michael II Apafi, Prince (1690–1696/1701)[65]
• Francis II Rákóczi, Prince (1704–1711)[66]

• Principality of Wallachia (complete list) –

• Simion Movilă, Prince (1600–1601, 1602)
• Radu IX Mihnea, Prince (1601–1602, 1611, 1611–1616, 1620–1623)
• Radu X Șerban, Prince (1602–1610, 1611)
• Transylvanian occupation: direct rule of Gabriel Báthory (1611)
• Gabriel Movilă, Prince (1616, 1618–1620)
• Alexandru IV Iliaș, Prince (1616–1618, 1627–1629)
• Alexandru V Coconul, Prince (1623–1627)
• Leon Tomșa, Prince (1629–1632)
• Radu XI Iliaș, Prince (1632)
• Matei Basarab, Prince (1632–1654)
• Constantin I Șerban, Prince (1654–1658)
• Mihnea III, Prince (1658–1659)
• Gheorghe I Ghica, Prince (1659–1660)
• Grigore I Ghica, Prince (1660–1664, 1672–1673)
• Radu XII Leon, Prince (1664–1669)
• Antonie Vodă din Popeşti, Prince (1669–1672)
• Gheorghe II Ducas, Prince (1673–1678)
• Șerban Cantacuzino, Prince (1678–1688)
• Constantin II Brâncoveanu, Prince (1688–1714)

Denmark–Norway

• Denmark–Norway (complete list / complete list) –

• Christian IV, King (1588–1648)
• Frederick III, King (1648–1670)
• Christian V, King (1670–1699)
• Frederick IV, King (1699–1730)

Sweden

• History of Sweden (1523–1611) (complete list) –

• Charles IX, Regent (1599–1604), King (1604–1611)

• Swedish Empire (complete list) –

• Gustavus Adolphus, King (1611–1632)
• Christina, Queen (1632–1654)
• Charles X Gustav, King (1654–1660)
• Charles XI, King (1660–1697)
• Charles XII, King (1697–1718)

See also List of state leaders in the 17th-century Holy Roman Empire#Italy

• Duchy of Mantua (complete list) –

• Vincenzo, Duke (1587–1612)
• Francesco IV, Duke (1612)
• Ferdinando, Duke (1612–1626)
• Vincenzo II, Duke (1626–1627)
• Charles I, Duke (1627–1637)
• Charles II, Duke (1637–1665)
• Ferdinando Carlo, Duke (1665–1708)

• Principality of Massa and Margraviate of Carrara (complete list) –

• Alberico I Cybo-Malaspina, Marquis (1554–1623), Prince and Marquis (1558–1623)
• Carlo I Cybo-Malaspina, Prince and Marquis (1623–1662)
• Alberico II Cybo-Malaspina, Prince and Marquis (1662–1690)

• Duchy of Massa and Principality of Carrara (complete list) –

• Alberico II Cybo-Malaspina, Prince and Marquis (1662–1664), Duke and Prince (1664–1690)
• Carlo II Cybo-Malaspina, Duke and Prince (1690–1710)

• Duchy of Montferrat (complete list) –

• Vincent I, Duke (1587–1612)
• Francis II, Duke (1612)
• Ferdinand, Duke (1612–26)
• Vincent II, Duke (1626–27)
• War of the Mantuan Succession, ruler (1627–1631)
• Maria, Duchess (1612–1661)
• Charles I, Duke (1627–1637)
• Charles II, ruler (1637–1665)
• Ferdinand Charles, Duke (1665–1708)

• Papal States (complete list) –

• Clement VIII, Pope (1592–1605)
• Leo XI, Pope (1605)
• Paul V, Pope (1605–1621)
• Gregory XV, Pope (1621–1623)
• Urban VIII, Pope (1623–1644)
• Innocent X, Pope (1644–1655)
• Alexander VII, Pope (1655–1667)
• Clement IX, Pope (1667–1669)
• Clement X, Pope (1670–1676)
• Innocent XI, Pope (1676–1689)
• Alexander VIII, Pope (1689–1691)
• Innocent XII, Pope (1691–1700)
• Clement XI, Pope (1700–1721)

• Duchy of Parma (complete list) –

• Ranuccio I, Duke (1592–1622)
• Odoardo, Duke (1622–1646)
• Ranuccio II, Duke (1646–1694)
• Francesco, Duke (1694–1727)

• San Marino

• Captains Regent (1500–1700) –

• Pier Matteo Belluzzi, Fabrizio Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1600–1601)
• Lorenzo Martelli, Liberio Gabrielli, Captains Regent (1601)
• Girolamo Gozi, Francesco Giannini, Captains Regent (1601–1602)
• Giuliano Gozi, Innocenzo Bonelli, Captains Regent (1602)
• Giambattista Belluzzi, Francesco Maria Corbelli, Captains Regent (1602–1603)
• Orazio Belluzzi, Scipione Gabrielli, Captains Regent (1603)
• Francesco Bonelli, Lattanzio Valli, Captains Regent (1603–1604)
• Pier Francesco Bonetti, Giambattista Fabbri, Captains Regent (1604)
• Pier Marino Cionini, Annibale Gozi, Captains Regent (1604–1605)
• Tiberio Gabrielli, Francesco Giannini, Captains Regent (1605)
• Girolamo Gozi, Innocenzo Bonelli, Captains Regent (1605–1606)
• Pier Matteo Belluzzi, Fabrizio Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1606)
• Annibale Belluzzi, Giuliano Fattori, Captains Regent (1606–1607)
• Lorenzo Martelli, Leone Pellicieri, Captains Regent (1607)
• Camillo Bonelli, Giambattista Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1607–1608)
• Pier Francesco Bonelli, Giuliano Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1608)
• Pietro Tosini Corbelli, Teodoro Leonardelli, Captains Regent (1608–1609)
• Orazio Belluzzi, Orazio Giangi, Captains Regent (1609)
• Girolamo Gozi, Lattanzio Valli, Captains Regent (1609–1610)
• Fabrizio Belluzzi, Giambattista Fabbri, Captains Regent (1610)
• Gio. Andrea Belluzzi, Sebastiano Onofri, Captains Regent (1610–1611)
• Pier Marino Cionini, Annibale Gozi, Captains Regent (1611)
• Francesco Bonelli, Belluzzo Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1611–1612)
• Pier Francesco Bonetti, Francesco Maria Corbelli, Captains Regent (1612)
• Pietro Tosini Corbelli, Innocenzo Bonelli, Captains Regent (1612–1613)
• Camillo Bonelli, Lattanzio Valli, Captains Regent (1613)
• Annibale Belluzzi, Giambattista Fabbri, Captains Regent (1613–1614)
• Gio. Andrea Belluzzi, Fabrizio Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1614)
• Giuliano Belluzzi, Teodoro Leonardelli, Captains Regent (1614–1615)
• Girolamo Gozi, Francesco Giannini, Captains Regent (1615)
• Orazio Belluzzi, Flaminio Cionini, Captains Regent (1615–1616)
• Pier Francesco Bonetti, Francesco Bonelli, Captains Regent (1616)
• Camillo Bonelli, Belluzzo Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1616–1617)
• Annibale Belluzzi, Giambattista Fabbri, Captains Regent (1617)
• Gio. Andrea Belluzzi, Lattanzio Valli, Captains Regent (1617–1618)
• Fabrizio Belluzzi, Gabriele Gabrielli, Captains Regent (1618)
• Girolamo Gozi, Gio. Pietro Martelli, Captains Regent (1618–1619)
• Francesco Giannini, Annibale Gozi, Captains Regent (1619)
• Orazio Belluzzi, Andrea Giannini, Captains Regent (1619–1620)
• Giuliano Belluzzi, Teodoro Leonardelli, Captains Regent (1620)
• Camillo Bonelli, Belluzzo Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1620–1621)
• Bernardino Belluzzi, Lattanzio Valli, Captains Regent (1621)
• Gio. Andrea Belluzzi, Fabrizio Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1621–1622)
• Girolamo Gozi, Pier Marino Ricci, Captains Regent (1622)
• Annibale Belluzzi, Marino Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1622–1623)
• Giacomo Bonetti, Annibale Gozi, Captains Regent (1623)
• Giuliano Belluzzi, Enea Bonelli, Captains Regent (1623–1624)
• Pietro Tosini Corbelli, Gian Giacomo Serafini, Captains Regent (1624)
• Lattanzio Valli, Michel Angelo Busignani, Captains Regent (1624–1625)
• Orazio Belluzzi, Pier Leone Corbelli, Captains Regent (1625)
• Camillo Bonelli, Giambattista Fabbri, Captains Regent (1625–1626)
• Francesco Giannini, Livio Pellicieri, Captains Regent (1626)
• Belluzzo Belluzzi, Pier Marino Ricci, Captains Regent (1626–1627)
• Annibale Loli, Pier Antonio Gabrielli, Captains Regent (1627)
• Pietro Tosini Corbelli, Andrea Giannini, Captains Regent (1627–1628)
• Lattanzio Valli, Sforza Cionini, Captains Regent (1628)
• Giuliano Belluzzi, Michel Angelo Busignani, Captains Regent (1628–1629)
• Marc'Antonio Bonetti, Gian Giacomo Serafini, Captains Regent (1629)
• Orazio Belluzzi, Federico Gozi, Captains Regent (1629–1630)
• Livio Pellicieri, Pier Marino Ricci, Captains Regent (1630)
• Belluzzo Belluzzi, Rinaldo Ranieri, Captains Regent (1630–1631)
• Melchiorre Maggio Belluzzi, Pier Antonio Giangi, Captains Regent (1631)
• Fulgenzio Maccioni, Vincenzo Zampini, Captains Regent (1631–1632)
• Pietro Tosini, Evangelista Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1632)
• Giuliano Belluzzi, Sforza Cionini, Captains Regent (1632–1633)
• Marc'Antonio Bonetti, Bartolomeo Ceccoli, Captains Regent (1633)
• Torquato Giannini, Bartolomeo Fabbri, Captains Regent (1633–1634)
• Lattanzio Valli, Federico Gozi, Captains Regent (1634)
• Orazio Belluzzi, Vincenzo Lorenzoni, Captains Regent (1634–1635)
• Livio Pellicieri, Paolo Antonio Onofri, Captains Regent (1635)
• Giuliano Gozi, Stefano Ricci, Captains Regent (1635–1636)
• Fulgenzio Maccioni, Giuliano Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1636)
• Marc'Antonio Bonetti, Bartolomeo Ceccoli, Captains Regent (1636–1637)
• Pietro Tosini, Giambattista Loli, Captains Regent (1637)
• Melchiorre Maggio Belluzzi, Giovanni Serafini, Captains Regent (1637–1638)
• Claudio Belluzzi, Pier Leone Corbelli, Captains Regent (1638)
• Livio Pellicieri, Federico Tosini, Captains Regent (1638–1639)
• Vincenzo Lorenzoni, Paolo Antonio Onofri, Captains Regent (1639)
• Fulgenzio Maccioni, Annibale Loli, Captains Regent (1639–1640)
• Marc'Antonio Bonetti, Giuliano Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1640)
• Giambattista Belluzzi, Federico Gozi, Captains Regent (1640–1641)
• Giambattista Ricci, Pier Antonio Giangi, Captains Regent (1641)
• Sforza Cionini, Bartolomeo Ceccoli, Captains Regent (1641–1642)
• Giacomo Belluzzi, Giovanni Serafini, Captains Regent (1642)
• Claudio Belluzzi, Paolo Antonio Onofri, Captains Regent (1642–1643)
• Fulgenzio Maccioni, Federico Tosini, Captains Regent (1643)
• Melchiorre Maggio Belluzzi, Evangelista Belluzzi, Captains Regent (1643–1644)
• Livio Pellicieri, Gregorio Ceccoli, Captains Regent (1644)
• Giuliano Belluzzi, Pier Leone Corbelli, Captains Regent (1644–1645)
• Sforza Cionini, Vincenzo Francini, Captains Regent (1645)
• Marc'Antonio Bonetti, Ottavio Giannini, Captains Regent (1645–1646)
• Carlo Loli, Vincenzo Lorenzoni, Captains Regent (1646)
• Claudio Belluzzi, Paolo Antonio Onofri, Captains Regent (1646–1647)
• Carlo Tosini, Pier Marino Cionini, Captains Regent (1647)
• Bartolomeo Belluzzi, Marino Gabrielli, Captains Regent (1647–1648)
• Giacomo Belluzzi, Giovanni Serafini, Captains Regent (1648)
• Giuliano Gozi, Pier Leone Corbelli, Captains Regent (1648–1649)
• Marc'Antonio Bonetti, Innocenzo Bonelli, Captains Regent (1649)
• Fulgenzio Maccioni, Federico Tosini, Captains Regent (1649–1650)
• Melchiorre Maggio Belluzzi, Girolamo Moracci, Captains Regent (1650)
• Carlo Tosini, Paolo Antonio Onofri, Captains Regent (1650–1651)
• Alessandro Belluzzi, Vincenzo Lorenzoni, Captains Regent (1651)
• Carlo Loli, Gregorio Ceccoli, Captains Regent (1651–1652)
• Ottavio Giannini, Bartolomeo Ceccoli, Captains Regent (1652)
• Giacomo Belluzzi, Innocenzo Bonelli, Captains Regent (1652–1653)
• Lodovico Belluzzi, Giovanni Serafini, Captains Regent (1653)
• Marc'Antonio Bonetti, Pompeo Zoli, Captains Regent (1653–1654)
• Fulgenzio Maccioni, Cristofaro Gianotti, Captains Regent (1654)
• Carlo Tosini, Paolo Antonio Onofri, Captains Regent (1654–1655)
• Carlo Loli, Sforza Cionini, Captains Regent (1655)
• Ottavio Giannini, Bartolomeo Ceccoli, Captains Regent (1655–1656)
• Melchiorre Maggio Belluzzi, Vincenzo Lorenzoni, Captains Regent (1656)
• Alessandro Belluzzi, Giovanni Serafini, Captains Regent (1656–1657)
• Innocenzo Bonelli, Girolamo Moracci, Captains Regent (1657)
• Giacomo Belluzzi, Pier Leone Corbelli, Captains Regent (1657–1658)
• Fulgenzio Maccioni, Marino Bonetti, Captains Regent (1658)
• Carlo Loli, Pompeo Zoli, Captains Regent (1658–1659)
• Ottavio Giannini, Cristofaro Gianotti, Captains Regent (1659)
• Paolo Antonio Onofri, Antonio Ricci, Captains Regent (1659–1660)
• Francesco Angeli, Vincenzo Lorenzoni, Giovanni Serafini, Captains Regent (1660)
• Alessandro Belluzzi, Giambattista Zampini, Captains Regent (1660–1661)
• Giacomo Belluzzi, Sforza Cionini, Captains Regent (1661)
• Carlo Tosini, Innocenzo Bonelli, Captains Regent (1661–1662)
• Fulgenzio Maccioni, Girolamo Moracci, Captains Regent (1662)
• Lodovico Belluzzi, Pompeo Zoli, Captains Regent (1662–1663)
• Melchiorre Maggio Belluzzi, Paolo Antonio Onofri, Captains Regent (1663)
• Marc'Antonio Gozi, Cristoforo Gianotti, Captains Regent (1663–1664)
• Carlo Loli, Vincenzo Lorenzoni, Captains Regent (1664)
• Francesco Maccioni, Giovanni Serafini, Captains Regent (1664–1665)
• Ottavio Giannini, Francesco Angeli, Captains Regent (1665)
• Carlo Tosini, Sforza Cionini, Captains Regent (1665–1666)
• Giacomo Belluzzi, Giambattista Tosini, Captains Regent (1666)
• Alessandro Belluzzi, Pompeo Zoli, Captains Regent (1666–1667)
• Lodovico Belluzzi, Innocenzo Bonelli, Captains Regent (1667)
• Paolo Antonio Onofri, Domizio Beni, Captains Regent (1667–1668)
• Carlo Loli, Giambattista Zampini, Captains Regent (1668)
• Francesco Maccioni, Francesco Loli, Captains Regent (1668–1669)
• Ottavio Giannini, Francesco Angeli, Captains Regent (1669)
• Giacomo Belluzzi, Giambattista Tosini, Captains Regent (1669–1670)
• Marc'Antonio Gozi, Marc'Antonio Ceccoli, Captains Regent (1670)
• Lodovico Belluzzi, Innocenzo Bonelli, Captains Regent (1670–1671)
• Paolo Antonio Onofri, Pompeo Zoli, Captains Regent (1671)
• Carlo Tosini, Giovanni Serafini, Captains Regent (1671–1672)
• Carlo Loli, Giambattista Zampini, Captains Regent (1672)
• Alessandro Belluzzi, Sforza Cionini, Captains Regent (1672–1673)
• Ottavio Giannini, Alfonso Tosini, Captains Regent (1673)
• Giambattista Tosini, Francesco Angeli, Captains Regent (1673–1674)
• Francesco Maccioni, Francesco Loli, Captains Regent (1674)
• Marc'Antonio Gozi, Innocenzo Bonelli, Captains Regent (1674–1675)
• Paolo Antonio Onofri, Giovanni Serafini, Captains Regent (1675)
• Carlo Tosini, Lorenzo Giangi, Captains Regent (1675–1676)
• Giuliano Cionini, Pompeo Zoli, Captains Regent (1676)
• Lodovico Belluzzi, Giambattista Zampini, Captains Regent (1676–1677)
• Giambattista Tosini, Francesco Angeli, Captains Regent (1677)
• Carlo Loli, Marc'Antonio Ceccoli, Captains Regent (1677–1678)
• Marc'Antonio Gozi, Innocenzo Bonelli, Captains Regent (1678)
• Ottavio Giannini, Alfonso Tosini, Captains Regent (1678–1679)
• Francesco Maccioni, Francesco Loli, Captains Regent (1679)
• Carlo Tosini, Lorenzo Giangi, Captains Regent (1679–1680)
• Alessandro Belluzzi, Giambattista Fattori, Captains Regent (1680)
• Giambattista Tosini, Melchiorre Martelli, Captains Regent (1680–1681)
• Giacomo Belluzzi, Giovanni Serafini, Captains Regent (1681)
• Paolo Antonio Onofri, Francesco Angeli, Captains Regent (1681–1682)
• Carlo Loli, Gaspare Calbini, Captains Regent (1682)
• Marc'Antonio Gozi, Innocenzo Bonelli, Captains Regent (1682–1683)
• Francesco Maccioni, Alfonso Tosini, Captains Regent (1683)
• Carlo Tosini, Lorenzo Giangi, Captains Regent (1683–1684)
• Giuliano Belluzzi, Giambattista Fattori, Captains Regent (1684)
• Francesco Loli, Pietro Francini, Captains Regent (1684–1685)
• Ottavio Leonardelli, Melchiorre Martelli, Captains Regent (1685)
• Paolo Antonio Onofri, Ridolfo Zoli, Captains Regent (1685–1686)
• Carlo Loli, Gaspare Calbini, Captains Regent (1686)
• Gio. Antonio Belluzzi, Alfonso Tosini, Captains Regent (1686–1687)
• Alessandro Belluzzi, Marc'Antonio Ceccoli, Captains Regent (1687)
• Giuliano Belluzzi, Giambattista Fattori, Captains Regent (1687–1688)
• Innocenzo Bonelli, Francesco Angeli, Captains Regent (1688)
• Francesco Maccioni, Pietro Francini, Captains Regent (1688–1689)
• Francesco Loli, Matteo Martelli, Captains Regent (1689)
• Carlo Loli, Gaspare Calbini, Captains Regent (1689–1690)
• Gio. Antonio Belluzzi, Melchiorre Martelli, Captains Regent (1690)
• Ottavio Leonardelli, Lorenzo Giangi, Captains Regent (1690–1691)
• Alfonso Tosini, Baldassarre Tini, Captains Regent (1691)
• Lodovico Manenti Belluzzi, Marino Beni, Captains Regent (1691–1692)
• Francesco Maccioni, Gio. Antonio Fattori, Captains Regent (1692)
• Innocenzo Bonelli, Pietro Francini, Captains Regent (1692–1693)
• Francesco Loli, Matteo Martelli, Captains Regent (1693)
• Giuliano Belluzzi, Melchiorre Martelli, Captains Regent (1693–1694)
• Giuseppe Loli, Gaspare Calbini, Captains Regent (1694)
• Bernardino Leonardelli, Lorenzo Giangi, Captains Regent (1694–1695)
• Onofrio Onofri, Francesco Angeli, Captains Regent (1695)
• Lodovico Manenti Belluzzi, Marc'Antonio Ceccoli, Captains Regent (1695–1696)
• Francesco Maccioni, Gio. Antonio Fattori, Captains Regent (1696)
• Gio. Antonio Belluzzi, Ottavio Leonardelli, Captains Regent (1696–1697)
• Giambattista Tosini, Marino Beni, Captains Regent (1697)
• Giuliano Belluzzi, Melchiorre Martelli, Captains Regent (1697–1698)
• Innocenzo Bonelli, Lorenzo Giangi, Captains Regent (1698)
• Onofrio Onofri, Giambattista Ceccoli, Captains Regent (1698–1699)
• Bernardino Leonardelli, Pietro Arancini, Captains Regent (1699)
• Francesco Maccioni, Giovanni Antonio Fattori, Captains Regent (1699–1700)
• Francesco Loli, Baldassarre Tini, Captains Regent (1700)
• Ottavio Leonardelli, Marino Beni, Captains Regent (1700–1701)

• Grand Duchy of Tuscany (complete list) –

• Ferdinando I, Grand Duke (1587–1609)
• Cosimo II, Grand Duke (1609–1621)
• Ferdinando II, Grand Duke (1621–1670)
• Cosimo III, Grand Duke (1670–1723)

• Republic of Venice (complete list) –

• Marino Grimani, Doge (1595–1606)
• Leonardo Donato, Doge (1606–1612)
• Marcantonio Memmo, Doge (1612–1615)
• Giovanni Bembo, Doge (1615–1618)
• Nicolò Donato, Doge (1618–1618)
• Antonio Priuli, Doge (1618–1623)
• Francesco Contarini, Doge (1623–1624)
• Giovanni I Cornaro, Doge (1624–1630)
• Nicolò Contarini, Doge (1630–1631)
• Francesco Erizzo, Doge (1631–1646)
• Francesco Molin, Doge (1646–1655)
• Carlo Contarini, Doge (1655–1656)
• Francesco Cornaro, Doge (1656–1656)
• Bertuccio Valiero, Doge (1656–1658)
• Giovanni Pesaro, Doge (1658–1659)
• Domenico II Contarini, Doge (1659–1674)
• Nicolò Sagredo, Doge (1674–1676)
• Alvise Contarini, Doge (1676–1683)
• Marcantonio Giustinian, Doge (1683–1688)
• Francesco Morosini, Doge (1688–1694)
• Silvestro Valiero, Doge (1694–1700)
• Alvise II Mocenigo, Doge (1700–1709)

Southern Italy

• Kingdom of Naples (complete list) –

The Kingdom of Naples was ruled in personal union with Spain from 1504 to 1713.

• Philip II, King (1598–1621)
• Philip III, King (1621–1647)
• Henry of Guise, Doge (1647–1648)
• Philip III, King (1648–1665)
• Charles V, King (1665–1700)
• Philip IV, King (1700–1713)

• Kingdom of Trinacria: Sicily (complete list) –

• Philip III, King (1598–1621)
• Philip IV, King (1621–1665)
• Charles III, King (1665–1700)
• Philip V, King (1700–1713)

Malta

• Hospitaller Malta (complete list) –

• Martín Garzés, Grand Master (1595–1601)
• Alof de Wignacourt, Grand Master (1601–1622)
• Luís Mendes de Vasconcellos, Grand Master (1622–1623)
• Antoine de Paule, Grand Master (1623–1636)
• Giovanni Paolo Lascaris, Grand Master (1636–1657)
• Martin de Redin, Grand Master (1657–1660)
• Annet de Clermont-Gessant, Grand Master (1660 )
• Rafael Cotoner, Grand Master (1660–1663)
• Nicolás Cotoner, Grand Master (1663–1680)
• Gregorio Carafa, Grand Master (1680–1690)
• Adrien de Wignacourt, Grand Master (1690–1697)
• Ramón Perellós, Grand Master (1697–1720)

Andorra

• Andorra

• Episcopal Co-Princes (complete list) –

• Andreu Capella, Episcopal Co-Prince (1588–1609)
• Bernat de Salba i Salba, Episcopal Co-Prince (1609–1620)
• Luis Díez de Aux y Armendáriz, Episcopal Co-Prince (1622–1627)
• Antonio Pérez, Episcopal Co-Prince (1627–1632)[67]
• Pau Duran, Episcopal Co-Prince (1634–1651)
• Juan Manuel de Espinosa, Episcopal Co-Prince (1655–1663)
• Melcior Palau i Bosca, Episcopal Co-Prince (1664–1670)
• Pere de Copons i Teixidor, Episcopal Co-Prince (1671–1681)
• Joan Baptista Desbac i Mortorell, Episcopal Co-Prince (1682–1688)
• Oleguer de Montserrat i Rufet, Episcopal Co-Prince (1689–1694)
• Julià Cano Thebar, Episcopal Co-Prince (1695–1714)

• French Co-Princes (complete list) –

• Henry IV, French Co-Prince (1572–1610)
• Louis XIII, French Co-Prince (1610–1643)
• Louis XIV, French Co-Prince (1643–1715)

Catalonia

• Catalan Republic

• Pau Claris, President (1641)

Navarre

• Kingdom of Navarre (complete list) –

• Henry III, King (1572–1610)
• Louis II, King (1610–1620)

Portugal

• Kingdom of Portugal (complete list) –

• Philip II, King (1598–1621)
• Philip III, King (1621–1640)
• John IV, King (1640–1656)
• Afonso VI, King (1656–1683)
• Peter II, King (1683–1706)

Spain

• Habsburg Spain: Crown of Castile and Crown of Aragon

• Monarchs (complete list) –

• Philip III the Pious, King (1598–1621)
• Philip IV, King (1621–1665)
• Charles II the Bewitched, King (1665–1700)

France

• Kingdom of France: Ancien Régime (complete list) –

• Henry IV, King (1589–1610)
• Louis XIII, King (1610–1643)
• Louis XIV, King (1643–1715)

• Anjou (complete list) –

• Gaston I, Duke (1608–1626)
• Philip I, Duke (1640–1660)
• Philippe Charles, Duke (1668–1671)
• Louis Francis, Duke (1672)
• Philip II, Duke (1683–1700)

• Auvergne (complete list) –

• Charles III, Duke of Lorraine, Count (1589–1608)
• Margaret of Valois, Count (1608–1610)

• County of Maine (complete list) –

• Charles VI of Maine, Count (?–1611)
• Henry, Duke of Mayenne, Count (1611–1621)
• Charles II Gonzaga, Count (1621–1631)
• Ferdinand Gonzaga, Count (1631–1632)
• Charles III Gonzaga, Count (1632–?)

• Monaco (complete list) –

• Ercole, Lord (1589–1604)
• Honoré II, Lord (1604–1612), Prince (1612–1662)
• Louis I, Prince (1662–1701)

• Duchy of Nevers (complete list) –

• Charles III Gonzaga, Duke (1595–1637)
• Charles IV Gonzaga, Duke (1637–1659)
• Jules Mazarin, Duke (1659–1661)
• Philippe Jules Mancini, Duke (1661–1707)

Low Countries

• United Provinces: Dutch Republic

For the preceding rulers, look under the List of state leaders in the 16th-century Holy Roman Empire

• Stadtholders (complete list) –

• Maurice, Stadtholder (1585–1625)
• Frederick Henry, Stadtholder (1625–1647)
• William II, Stadtholder (1647–1650)
• William III, Stadtholder (1672–1702)

• Grand pensionaries (complete list) –

• Johan van Oldenbarnevelt, Grand Pensionary (1586–1619)
• Andries de Witt, Grand Pensionary (1619–1621)
• Anthonie Duyck, Grand Pensionary (1621–1629)
• Jacob Cats, Grand Pensionary (1629–1631)
• Adriaan Pauw, Grand Pensionary (1631–1636)
• Jacob Cats, Grand Pensionary (1636–1651)
• Adriaan Pauw, Grand Pensionary (1651–1653)
• Johan de Witt, Grand Pensionary (1653–1672)
• Gaspar Fagel, Grand Pensionary (1672–1688)
• Michiel ten Hove, Grand Pensionary (1688–1689)
• Anthonie Heinsius, Grand Pensionary (1689–1720)

• County of Drenthe (complete list) –

For the preceding rulers, see the County of Drenthe under the List of state leaders in the 16th-century Holy Roman Empire

• Francisco Verdugo, Stadtholder (1581–1594)
• Frederik van den Bergh, in name only, Stadtholder (1595–1618)
• William Louis of Nassau-Dillenburg, Stadtholder (1595–1620)

• County of Flanders (complete list) –

• Isabella Clara Eugenia, Countess (1598–1621)
• Philip VI, Count (1621–1665)
• Charles IV, Count (1665–1700)
• Philip VII, Count (1700–1706)

• Lordship of Frisia (complete list) –

For the preceding rulers, see the Lordship of Frisia under the List of state leaders in the 16th-century Holy Roman Empire

• Francisco Verdugo, Stadtholder (1581–1594)
• William I, Stadtholder (1580–1884)
• William Louis, Stadtholder (1584–1620)

• Lordship of Groningen (complete list) –

For the preceding rulers, see the Lordship of Groningen under the List of state leaders in the 16th-century Holy Roman Empire

• Francisco Verdugo, Stadtholder (1581–1594)
• William Louis, Stadtholder (1584–1620)

• Duchy of Guelders (complete list) –

For the preceding rulers, see the Duchy of Guelders under the List of state leaders in the 16th-century Holy Roman Empire

• William IV of Bergh, Stadtholder (1581–1585)
• Claude de Berlaymont, Stadtholder (1585–1587)
• Florent de Berlaymont, Stadtholder (1587–1626)
• Adolf van Nieuwenaar, Stadtholder (1584–1589)
• Maurice, Stadtholder (1590–1625)

• County of Holland, Lordship of Utrecht, County of Zeeland (complete list) –

For the preceding rulers, look under the List of state leaders in the 16th-century Holy Roman Empire

• William I, Stadtholder (1572–1584)
• Adolf van Nieuwenaar, Stadtholder (1584–1589)
• Maurice, Stadtholder (1585–1625)

• Lordship of Overijssel (complete list) –

For the preceding rulers, see the Lordship of Overijssel under the List of state leaders in the 16th-century Holy Roman Empire

• Francisco Verdugo, Stadtholder (1581–1594)
• Adolf van Nieuwenaar, Stadtholder (1584–1589)
• Frederik van den Bergh, Stadtholder (1594–1618)

Azerbaijan

• Baku Khanate (complete list) –

• Mirza Muhammad I, Khan (1735–1768)
• Fatali, Khan (1768–1770)
• Abd Allah Beg, Khan (1770–1772)
• Malik Muhammad, Khan (1772–1783)
• Mirza Muhammad II, Khan (1783–1791)
• Muhammad Quli, Khan (1791–1792)
• Husayn Quli, Khan (1792–1797)
• Mirza Muhammad II, Khan (1797–1801)

• Ganja Khanate (complete list) –

• Shahverdi, Khan (1747–1761)
• Muhammad Hasan, Khan (1761–1781)
• Ibrahim Khalil, Khan (1781–1784)
• Hajji Beg, Khan (1784–1786)
• Rahim, Khan (1786)
• Javad, Khan (1786–1804)

• Nakhichevan Khanate (complete list) –[68]

• Heydar Qoli, Khan (1747–1787)
• Kalbali, Khan (1787–1823)

• Quba Khanate (complete list) –

• Huseyn Ali, Khan (1680–1721)
• Ahmad, Khan (1721)
• Chulaq Surkhay, Khan (1721–1722)
• Husayn Ali, Khan (1722–1758)
• Fatali, Khan (1758–1789)
• Ahmad, Khan (1789–1791)
• Shaykh Ali Agha, Khan (1791–1806)

• Tabriz Khanate (complete list) –

• Najaf Qoli I, Khan (1731–1785)
• Khodadad, Khan (1785–1787)
• Hossein Qoli, Khan (1786–1793, 1797–1798)
• Jafar Qoli Donboli, Khan (1786–1802)

Georgia

• Principality of Abkhazia (complete list) –

• Putu, Prince (c.1580–1620)
• Seteman, Prince (c.1620–1640)
• Sustar, Prince (c.1640–1665)
• Zegnak, Prince (c.1665–1700)

• Kingdom of Imereti (complete list) –

• Rostom, King (1588–1589, 1590–1605)
• George III, King (1605–1639)
• Alexander III, King (1639–1660)
• Bagrat V, King (1660–1661, 1663–1668, 1669–1678, 1679–1681)
• Vakhtang Tchutchunashvili, King (1661–1663)
• Archil, King (1661–63, 1678–79, 1690–91, 1695–96, 1698)
• Demetre, King (1663–1664)
• George III of Guria, King (1681–1683)
• Alexander IV, King (1683–1690, 1691–1695)
• George V, King (1696–1698)
• Simon, King (1699–1701)

• Kingdom of Kakheti (complete list) –

• Alexander II (Ottoman vassal after 1578), King (1574–1602, 1602–1605)
• David I, King (1602)
• Alexander II (restored), King (1602–1605)
• Constantine I, King (1605)
• Teimuraz I, King (1605–1614, 1615, 1625–1633, 1634–1648)

direct Persian rule (1614–1615, 1616–1625, 1633, 1648–1664, 1676–1703)

• Archil, King (1664–1675)
• Heraclius I, King (1675–1676)

• Kingdom of Kartli (complete list) –

• George X, King (1599–1606)
• Luarsab II, King (1606–1615)
• Bagrat VII, King (1615/16–1619)
• Simon II, rival King (1619–1630/31)
• Teimuraz I, rival King (1625–1633)
• Rostom, King (1633–1658)
• Vakhtang V, King (1658–1675)
• George XI, King (1676–1688, 1703–1709)
• Heraclius I, King (1688–1703)

Russia: Dagestan

• Gazikumukh Khanate (complete list) –

• Surkhay ibn Garai-Bek, Khan (1700–1741)
• Murtazali ibn Surkhay, Khan (1741–1743)
• Muhammad ibn Surkhay, Khan (1743–1789)
• Surkhay ibn Muhammad, Khan (1789–1820)