Outline of economics

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to economics:

Economics classes make extensive use of supply and demand graphs like this one to teach about markets. In this graph, S and D refer to supply and demand and P and Q refer to the price and quantity.

Economics – analyzes the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. It aims to explain how economies work and how economic agents interact.

Description of economics

Economics can be described as all of the following:

  • Academic discipline – body of knowledge given to, or received by, a disciple (student); a branch or sphere of knowledge, or field of study, that an individual has chosen to specialize in.
  • Field of science – widely recognized category of specialized expertise within science, and typically embodies its own terminology and nomenclature. Such a field will usually be represented by one or more scientific journals, where peer reviewed research is published. There are many economics-related scientific journals.
  • Social science – field of academic scholarship that explores aspects of human society.

Branches of economics
  • Macroeconomics – branch of economics dealing with the performance, structure, behavior, and decision-making of an economy as a whole, rather than individual markets.
  • Microeconomics – branch of economics that studies the behavior of individuals and firms in making decisions regarding the allocation of limited resources.

Subdisciplines of economics

Methodologies or approaches

Multidisciplinary fields involving economics

Types of economies
Part of a series on
Economic systems
By ideology
By coordination
By regional model
Sectors
Property types
Transition
Coordination
Other types
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Main articles: Economy and Economic system

Economy – system of human activities related to the production, distribution, exchange, and consumption of goods and services of a country or other area.

Economies, by political & social ideological structure
See also: Schools of economic thought

Economies, by scope

Economies, by regulation

Economic elements

Economic activities

Economic forces

Economic problems

Economic measures

Economic participants

Economic politics

Economic policy

Economic policy

Infrastructure

Infrastructure

Markets

Market

Types of markets

Aspects of markets

Market forms

Market form

  • Perfect competition, in which the market consists of a very large number of firms producing a homogeneous product.
  • Monopolistic competition, also called competitive market, where there are a large number of independent firms which have a very small proportion of the market share.
  • Monopoly, where there is only one provider of a product or service.
  • Monopsony, when there is only one buyer in a market.
  • Natural monopoly, a monopoly in which economies of scale cause efficiency to increase continuously with the size of the firm.
  • Oligopoly, in which a market is dominated by a small number of firms which own more than 40% of the market share.
  • Oligopsony, a market dominated by many sellers and a few buyers.

Market-oriented activities

Money

Money

Resource management

Resource management

Factors of production

Factors of production

Land

Land

Capital

Capital

Economic theory

Economic ideologies

History of economics

History of economic thought

History of economic thought

Economic history

Economic history

General economic concepts

Economics organizations

Economics publications

Persons influential in the field of economics

Nobel Memorial Prize–winning economic historians

Other notable economic historians

See also
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