Tornado outbreak sequence of April 1996
The Tornado outbreak sequence of April 1996 was a series of tornado outbreaks that occurred over a three-day period between April 19 to April 21, 1996, across a large area of eastern North America. A total of 117 tornadoes broke out in the Great Lakes, Midwest and Southeast region over the three-day period, killing six people and becoming the most notable outbreak of the year.
 Tornado damage in Fort Smith, Arkansas | |
| Formed | April 19, 1996 |
|---|---|
| Duration | 3 days |
| Dissipated | April 21, 1996 |
| Tornadoes confirmed | 118 |
| Max. rating1 | F3 tornado |
| Casualties | 6 fatalities, 100+ injuries |
| Areas affected | Eastern United States, Ontario, Quebec |
| 1Most severe tornado damage; see Fujita scale | |
The 19th was the most prolific tornado outbreak in Illinois history with 33 tornadoes touching down across the state, breaking the old record of 25 set on August 10, 1974. This outbreak can also be compared to the May 2004 tornado outbreak sequence as it was a very huge, deep and vigorous system. The same system produced tornadoes in Ontario on the 20th; and destructive tornadoes also occurred in Oklahoma, Arkansas and Texas on the 21st.
Meteorological synopsis
April 19
The outbreak occurred when the warm front of a deep storm system moved north and east out of Missouri. April 19 started off cool and skies were overcast ahead of the warm front. Meteorologists were trying to figure out if the warm front would move into Illinois that afternoon. As the day wore on, temperatures warmed, dew points rose, and thunderstorms started to explode in Iowa during the mid-afternoon hours. Although there were some doubts on specifics, the potential significance of the outbreak was rather foreseeable, with storm chasers traveling from the Great Plains and the Storm Prediction Center issuing a high risk early on.
Illinois
A total of 33 tornadoes hit Illinois before spreading west and south into Missouri, and Iowa and east and north into Wisconsin, Michigan, and Indiana on Friday, April 19. The town of Decatur was hit by a large F3 tornado, as were the towns of Urbana and Ogden. Major damage and injuries occurred in all three locations, and one person was killed in Ogden.
Indiana
In Indiana, 21 unconfirmed tornadoes were produced as the cold front moved into the area during the evening hours. Temperatures had warmed well into the 70's and lower 80's (20 to 26 °C) before the storms hit. Five people were injured in Morgan County.
April 20
One of Canada's most prolific tornado events struck Ontario.
A vigorous branch of the jet stream from the Pacific Ocean combined with rich low-level moisture kept the storm system rolling, spinning off more tornadoes in the Southeast. One tornado hit Carroll County, Mississippi, killing teenager Dexter Forman when a tree fell on his mobile home. Another tornado did massive damage to Berea, Kentucky, but no one was killed.
April 21
The outbreak across the south-central U.S. on the 21st was produced by a different weather system.
A final tornado was produced by the first system in southern Quebec, more tornadoes raked through eastern Oklahoma and western Arkansas, killing a father and son and two children in St. Paul and Fort Smith, respectively. Shortly after the outbreak, the local CBS outlet in Fort Smith, Arkansas, KFSM-TV, produced Sunday's Fury, a video production concerning the sequence of events that surrounded the tornado that struck the Fort Smith / Van Buren, Arkansas, area.[1]
Confirmed tornadoes
April 19 event
| F# | Location | County | Time (UTC) | Path length | Damage | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Illinois | ||||||
| F0 | N of Mattoon | Coles | 2120 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) |
Brief tornado with no damage. | |
| F0 | N of Fairgrange | Coles | 2135 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) |
Brief tornado with no damage. | |
| F1 | NW of Paris (1st tornado) | Edgar | 2210 | 2 miles (3.2 km) |
Machine sheds, barns and grain bins were destroyed. One home was damaged. Six farms in the area were affected. | |
| F0 | NW of Paris (2nd tornado) | Edgar | 2212 | 1 miles (1.6 km) |
A machine shed was destroyed while another shed, a garage and a baseball field were damaged. | |
| F1 | Rutland area | LaSalle | 2240 | 0.5 miles (0.8 km) |
A large building, a home and a garage were damaged. | |
| F0 | SW of Winchester | Scott | 2244 | 2 miles (3.2 km) |
A tree fell onto a car. | |
| F0 | NE of Valmeyer | Monroe | 2245 | 1 miles (1.6 km) |
Damage was limited to trees. | |
| F0 | W of Raritan | Henderson | 2300 | 5 miles (8 km) |
Caused minor damage. Most of the damage came from the second tornado that hit the area. | |
| F2 | S of Havana | Mason | 2307 | 9 miles (14.4 km) |
Two trailers, farm buildings and trees were destroyed. One home had major damage and eleven others had minor damage. A semi-truck was blown over into a field. One person was injured. | |
| F1 | E of Raritan | Henderson | 2310 | 3.5 miles (5.6 km) |
15 homes, a barn, and outbuildings were damaged. Heavy damage occurred at one farm where a bushel, three grain bins, and irrigation equipment were damaged or destroyed. | |
| F0 | Brimfield area | Peoria | 2310 | 4 miles (6.4 km) |
Minor damage to a church and a business. A van was pushed sideways into a bush and trees were damaged. | |
| F1 | Easton | Mason | 2317 | 9 miles (14.4 km) |
Two homes were destroyed with five other sustaining major damage. The high school was also damaged and a barn and a home were lifted off of their foundations. | |
| F2 | E of Jacksonville | Morgan | 2318 | 6 miles (9.6 km) |
One home was destroyed while farm buildings were either damaged or destroyed. Two guard towers, one greenhouse and fencing at a prison were damaged. Two railroad cars near a chemical plant (which was also damaged) were overturned. | |
| F0 | Freeburg | St. Clair | 2320 | 1.5 miles (2.4 km) |
Caused damage to trees and power lines. | |
| F0 | N of Dickeys | Kankakee | 2325 | 4 miles (6.4 km) |
Caused minor damage to farm buildings. | |
| F0 | W of Island Grove | Morgan | 2331 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) |
Brief tornado with no damage. | |
| F0 | NE of New Berlin | Sangamon | 2332 | 4 miles (6.4 km) |
Damage to three homes, a barn and machine shed. Two semis were blown over on Interstate 72. | |
| F3 | E of Armington | Logan, Tazewell, McLean | 2358 | 9.4 miles (15 km) |
Two homes, a church and several outbuildings were destroyed. Over 15 other homes were also damaged while barns, farm equipment, trees and grain bins were damaged or destroyed. | |
| F0 | W of Chester | Randolph | 0000 | 1.5 miles (2.4 km) |
Utility sheds and trees were destroyed. | |
| F3 | Bishop Hill/Galva | Henry | 0000 | 3.5 miles (5.6 km) |
150 homes were damaged including 26 with major damage and 15 beyond repair. The city of Galva's sewage treatment plant was heavily damaged. Four people were injured. | |
| F0 | Momence | Kankakee | 0001 | 5 miles (8 km) |
Two homes had roof damage. | |
| F0 | Galva | Henry | 0010 | 1 miles (1.6 km) |
Gravestones at a cemetery were pushed over. | |
| F3 | Decatur | Macon | 0022 | 14.5 miles (23.2 km) |
A total of 8-10 homes, one church, a grain silo and the Sims Lumber Company were destroyed. A school gymnasium, several buildings at a manufacturing plant and several homes were damaged. 29 people were injured and damage was estimated at $9 million. | |
| F2 | Salem | Marion | 0035 | 20 miles (32 km) |
Several buildings at the County Fairgrounds, eight mobile homes and two homes were destroyed while 46 homes and mobile homes and 23 businesses were damaged. Two-ton trucks were turned 180 degrees by the tornado. Seven people were injured. Damage was estimated at $7 million. | |
| F0 | NW of Tiskilwa | Bureau | 0040 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) |
Damage was limited to a power pole. | |
| F1 | S of Milmine | Piatt | 0055 | 0.3 miles (0.5 km) |
A grain bin was destroyed while homes, cars and trees were damaged. Trucks were overturned, and a grain auger was thrown over a set of railroad tracks. | |
| F0 | SW of Baldwin | Randolph | 0059 | 2 miles (3.2 km) |
Caused damage to trees and power lines. | |
| F1 | S of Monticello | Piatt | 0100 | 2 miles (3.2 km) |
Two homes, three single engine planes, two gliders and a hangar were destroyed near or at the airport. A church, one home, one hangar and a machine shed were damaged. | |
| F1 | Greendale | Marion, Clay | 0105 | 5 miles (8 km) |
A farm house, a barn and farm buildings were destroyed. Trees and power lines were downed. | |
| F0 | S of Tilden | Randolph | 0112 | 3 miles (4.8 km) |
Damage to trees and power lines. | |
| F0 | NW of Breman | Randolph | 0115 | 2 miles (3.2 km) |
Roof damage to a home and barn with trees and power lines down. | |
| F1 | W of Mulkeytown | Perry, Franklin | 0120 | 2.5 miles (4 km) |
A church, a house and trees were damaged while outbuildings were destroyed. A tractor-trailer was overturned. | |
| F1 | Vernon | Fayette, Marion | 0120 | 11.5 miles (18.4 km) |
Three barns, several sheds and a home were destroyed. | |
| F3 | Urbana | Champaign | 0134 | 4 miles (6.4 km) |
A total of 33 homes were destroyed while 83 homes and five businesses had minor to moderate damage. Damage was estimated at $9 million and twelve people were injured. | |
| F3 | Ogden | Champaign | 0155 | 2 miles (3.2 km) |
1 death - Major damage throughout most of Ogden. A total of 68 homes, twelve businesses, three churches, a library was destroyed and the grade school were heavily damaged. 179 homes and twenty businesses had minor to major damage. One person was killed along I-74 and 13 people were injured. | |
| F0 | NW of Catlin | Vermilion | 0208 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) |
Brief touchdown with no damage. | |
| F3 | NE of Frisco to SW of Barnhill | Jefferson, Hamilton, Wayne | 0215 | 17 miles (27.2 km) |
Three homes were destroyed with 50 others sustaining moderate to severe damage. 45 outbuildings and barns were damaged or destroyed, as well as 60-70 grain bins. Hardest hit area was the town of Piopolis. | |
| F1 | N of Carmi | White | 0230 | 1 miles (1.6 km) |
Ten hangars, eight planes and an automobile were destroyed at the airport. A church was also damaged. | |
| F2 | Zion | Lake | 0432 | 2 miles (3.2 km) |
400 homes and businesses were damaged with 32 sustaining major damage. Five trucks were overturned and trees were blown down. Two people were injured. | |
| Missouri | ||||||
| F0 | NE of Bloomsdale | Ste. Genevieve | 0000 | 0.3 miles (0.5 km) |
Damage was limited to trees. | |
| F0 | SE of Mine La Motte | Madison | 0210 | 0.3 miles (0.5 km) |
Brief touchdown with no damage. | |
| F3 | Perryville | Perry | 0230 | 11.5 miles (18.4 km) |
A total of 13 homes were destroyed and 68 homes were damaged including five with major damage. Six businesses and 69 outbuildings were damaged or destroyed. | |
| F2 | S of Doniphan | Ripley | 0300 | 10 miles (16 km) |
A mobile home was overturned. Trees fell on homes and cars. | |
| F2 | NW of Poplar Bluff | Butler | 0305 | 2.5 miles (4 km) |
Numerous barns and utility poles were destroyed while homes, hay balers and farm equipment were damaged. Grain bins and other items were carried some distance. | |
| F1 | N of Bernie | Stoddard | 0403 | 0.6 miles (1 km) |
A house trailer was destroyed and several houses were damaged. Two schools and a grocery store sustained roof damage. | |
| Texas | ||||||
| F0 | W of Pidcoke | Coryell | 0030 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) |
Several barns were destroyed. | |
| F2 | N of Commerce | Hunt | 0038 | 0.5 miles (0.8 km) |
Two mobile homes were destroyed while two homes, trees and power lines were damaged. | |
| Indiana | ||||||
| F1 | Landersdale | Morgan, Johnson | 0040 | 5 miles (8 km) |
Six buildings were destroyed and 50 others damaged. Four people were injured. | |
| F1 | SW of Burr Oak | Marshall | 0150 | 1 miles (1.6 km) |
Farm buildings were damaged and power lines were downed. | |
| F1 | SE of Plymouth | Marshall | 0205 | 1 miles (1.6 km) |
A mobile home was damaged and a truck was overturned. | |
| F0 | N of Milford | Kosciusko | 0252 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) |
Brief touchdown with no damage. | |
| F0 | NW of Emison | Knox | 0315 | 1 miles (1.6 km) |
A pole barn was destroyed and two train cars were blown over. | |
| F2 | SW of Yankeetown | Warrick | 0440 | 2 miles (3.2 km) |
Several buildings at a manufacturing plant were damaged. Five railroad box cars were overturned, and two metal culverts were lifted. Two mobile homes were destroyed as well. | |
| F2 | W of Arthur | Pike | 0442 | 0.8 miles (1.3 km) |
One home was destroyed with ten others sustaining minor to moderate damage. 10-15 barn and small sheds were destroyed. | |
| F0 | NW of Heltonville | Lawrence | 0457 | 1 miles (1.6 km) |
Several homes were damaged and numerous trees were downed. | |
| F0 | E of Freetown | Jackson | 0505 | 1 miles (1.6 km) |
||
| F1 | SW of Burnsville | Bartholomew | 0545 | 1 miles (1.6 km) |
Damage to several farm buildings and a transmission tower. | |
| F0 | Westport | Decatur | 0555 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) |
Several farm buildings were destroyed while the South Decatur High School sustained damage. A transmission tower was also blown down. | |
| F1 | E of Harris City | Decatur | 0601 | 1.2 miles (1.9 km) |
Several buildings were damaged or destroyed. | |
| F2 | NW of Greenville | Floyd | 0608 | 1 miles (1.6 km) |
Six homes were damaged while mobile homes were overturned. | |
| Iowa | ||||||
| F0 | Preston | Jackson | 0117 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) |
Damage to trees and power lines. | |
| F0 | S of Preston | Clinton | 0117 | 0.2 miles (0.32 km) |
One home had roof damage. | |
| Kentucky | ||||||
| F1 | Mount Washington | Bullitt | 0640 | 1 miles (1.6 km) |
118 homes were damaged, with three homes and two mobile homes being destroyed. | |
| Source: Tornado History Project - April 19, 1996 Storm Data, NCDC Storm Data | ||||||
April 20 event
| F# | Location | County | Time (UTC) | Path length | Damage | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kentucky | ||||||
| F1 | SW of Goodnight | Barren | 0830 | 0.5 miles (0.8 km) |
A mobile home was swept away, injuring four people. | |
| F1 | E of Hiseville | Barren, Metcalfe | 0834 | 4 miles (6.4 km) |
A church was heavily damaged. Two trailers and several barns were destroyed, and other property damage occurred. | |
| F0 | S of Pierce | Green | 0845 | 3 miles (4.8 km) |
Several barns were destroyed and utility poles were snapped. | |
| F2 | NW of Geneva to NE of Preachersville | Lincoln | 0926 | 12 miles (18.4 km) |
Twenty homes and mobile homes and six businesses were destroyed, as well as a church and two show pavilions at the county fairgrounds. One home was picked up and slammed into the ground 50–100 feet away. Seven people were injured. | |
| F1 | SW of Quail | Rockcastle, Pulaski | 0928 | 2 miles (3.2 km) |
Barns, trees and homes were hit. A church steeple was also toppled while trees were downed, with some falling onto homes. A flying trailer knocked out power lines and landed on a mobile home. | |
| F1 | N of Ottawa | Garrard | 0930 | 6 miles (9.6 km) |
A dozen barns were destroyed and six cows were killed. | |
| F2 | Berea | Madison | 0945 | 2 miles (3.2 km) |
800 homes were damaged including 35 completely destroyed or heavily damaged. 40 businesses were damaged including 26 businesses destroyed or severely damaged. A storage tank was also toppled into a plant producing equipment for space shuttles. A tourist center was also damaged. Ten people were injured and damage was estimated at close to $13 million. | |
| F1 | Wagersville | Estill | 0955 | 5 miles (8 km) |
40 homes and 20 barns were damaged - including three destroyed homes and twelve destroyed barns. Farm machinery was also damaged. | |
| Tennessee | ||||||
| F2 | SE of Barnesville | Lawrence | 1145 | 0.5 miles (0.8 km) |
One home lost its roof and 12 people were injured. | |
| F2 | SE of Summertown | Lawrence | 1150 | 1 miles (1.6 km) |
A total of 25 homes were damaged, including two heavily. | |
| F2 | N of Lynnville | Giles | 1156 | 1 miles (1.6 km) |
A brick structure was damaged and a mobile home was leveled. | |
| F2 | W of Cornersville | Marshall | 1203 | 1.5 miles (2.4 km) |
Seven mobile homes were destroyed and 10 others were damaged. | |
| Mississippi | ||||||
| F1 | W of Winona | Carroll | 1340 | 6 miles (9.6 km) |
1 death - A pump house was destroyed while a veterinary clinic, a barn, a cabin, trees and a church were damaged. Fatality occurred when a tree fell onto a mobile home. | |
| Alabama | ||||||
| F0 | Birmingham | Jefferson | 1709 | 0.3 miles (0.5 km) |
Some minor structural damage occurred and trees were downed. | |
| North Carolina | ||||||
| F0 | SE of Sugar Hill | McDowell | 1750 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) |
Roof was partially removed from a home. | |
| F1 | SE of Boone | Watauga | 1800 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) |
16 vehicles at an amusement park were damaged with one person injured. | |
| Texas | ||||||
| F1 | Timpson | Shelby | 2115 | 5 miles (8 km) |
Two trailers were destroyed, and trees and power lines were downed. | |
| Louisiana | ||||||
| F0 | SW of Kingston | De Soto | 2145 | 0.5 miles (0.8 km) |
Damage was limited to trees. | |
| Ontario | ||||||
| F3 | SW of Williamsford to Meaford | Grey | 2350 | 25 miles (40 km) |
See article on this tornado | |
| F3 | SW of Arthur to E of Violet Hill | Wellington, Dufferin | 0010 | 37.5 miles (60 km) |
See article on this tornado | |
| F0 | SW of Orillia | Simcoe | unknown | unknown | See article on this tornado | |
| Source: Tornado History Project - April 20, 1996 Storm Data, Southern Ontario Tornadoes of 1996, NCDC Storm Data | ||||||
April 21 event
| F# | Location | County | Time (UTC) | Path length | Damage | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quebec | ||||||
| F0 | Ormstown | Le Haut-Saint-Laurent | unknown | unknown | ||
| Oklahoma | ||||||
| F0 | NE of Perry | Noble | 2200 | 2 miles (3.2 km) |
Brief touchdown with no damage. | |
| F1 | NE of Ratliff City | Carter | 2242 | 0.5 miles (0.8 km) |
Power poles, outbuildings, and trees were damaged. | |
| F1 | W of Healdton | Jefferson, Carter | 2330 | 4.5 miles (7.2 km) |
A mobile home was damaged and windows were blown out of homes. | |
| F0 | SE of Fox | Carter | 2335 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) |
Brief touchdown with no damage. | |
| F0 | NW of Wilson | Carter | 2335 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) |
Brief touchdown with no damage. | |
| F0 | N of Oil City | Carter | 2345 | 2.5 miles (4 km) |
Weak tornado with no damage. | |
| F0 | SE of Chigley | Murray | 2351 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) |
Brief touchdown with no damage. | |
| F1 | N of Barnsdall | Osage | 0000 | 0.5 miles (0.8 km) |
||
| F0 | SE of Davis | Murray | 0025 | 1 miles (1.6 km) |
One home had roof damage and a mobile home was blown off its foundation. | |
| F1 | NW of Sulphur | Murray | 0028 | 3 miles (4.8 km) |
A church, an apartment complex and a restaurant were damaged. Outbuildings, radio antennas and trees were destroyed as well. 12 homes had minor to major damage. | |
| F0 | NW of Nowata | Nowata | 0028 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) |
||
| F0 | NW of Scullin (1st tornado) | Murray | 0049 | 0.5 miles (0.8 km) |
Damage to barns and silos. | |
| F0 | NW of Scullin (2nd tornado) | Murray | 0050 | 0.5 miles (0.8 km) |
Damage to barns and two silos. | |
| F1 | W of Fairland | Ottawa | 0115 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) |
||
| F3 | Fort Smith, Arkansas | Sequoyah (OK), Sebastian (AR), Crawford (AR) | 0212 | 10.1 miles (16.2 km) |
2 deaths - 498 homes were destroyed while 620 had major damage and 1275 had minor damage. 98 businesses were damaged or destroyed and 246 apartment units were damaged. The downtown business district of Fort Smith was devastated near the Garrison Avenue Bridge. Homes were also destroyed in Van Buren. A total of 89 people were injured. | |
| F0 | McAlester | Pittsburg | 0215 | 3 miles (4.8 km) |
||
| F1 | NE of Richville | Pittsburg | 0230 | 5 miles (8 km) |
||
| F1 | NE of Lewisville | Haskell | 0300 | 1 miles (1.6 km) |
||
| Texas | ||||||
| F0 | E of Sunset | Montague | 0125 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) |
Power lines were blown down. | |
| F0 | NE of Bowie | Montague | 0130 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) |
Brief touchdown with no damage. | |
| F0 | NW of Gainesville | Cooke | 0200 | 2 miles (3.2 km) |
Two barns were destroyed and trees were damaged. | |
| F0 | NW of Lindsay | Cooke | 0205 | 2 miles (3.2 km) |
Several homes had siding damage and trees were damaged. | |
| F0 | S of Gainesville | Cooke | 0220 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) |
Brief touchdown with no damage. | |
| F0 | SW of Dixie | Grayson | 0233 | 1 miles (1.6 km) |
A barn was destroyed and trees were damaged. | |
| F0 | W of Denison | Grayson | 0307 | 0.1 miles (0.16 km) |
Damage to trees and power lines. | |
| F0 | NW of Lindsay (2nd tornado) | Cooke | 0325 | 1 miles (1.6 km) |
A fence was destroyed and trees were damaged. | |
| F0 | NW of Dixie | Grayson | 0358 | 2 miles (3.2 km) |
A barn was destroyed and trees were damaged. | |
| F0 | SE of Locust | Grayson | 0440 | 2 miles (3.2 km) |
Trees and power lines were damaged. | |
| Missouri | ||||||
| F0 | S of Seymour | Webster | 0430 | 2 miles (3.2 km) |
A garage and a barn were destroyed. | |
| Arkansas | ||||||
| F2 | S of Fern | Franklin | 0455 | 3 miles (4.8 km) |
Seven homes were destroyed and several other buildings were damaged. Numerous trees were also downed and two people were injured. | |
| F3 | SW of Dutton to SW of Weathers | Madison | 0515 | 15 miles (24 km) |
2 deaths - Worst damage occurred in the St. Paul area. 8 homes and a mobile home were destroyed while a church was also damaged. Six people were injured. | |
| F2 | NE of Yellville | Marion | 0640 | 12 miles (18.4 km) |
Trailers were either damaged or destroyed with homes and businesses also being damaged. Six people were injured. | |
| F1 | N of Natural Dam | Crawford | 0708 | 1 miles (1.6 km) |
Several homes were damaged. | |
| Source: Tornado History Project - April 21, 1996 Storm Data, Quebec tornadoes 1985-present, NCDC Storm Data | ||||||
See also
References
- "Sunday's Fury: KFSM Coverage of the 1996 Fort Smith, Van Buren Tornado". Fort Smith/Fayetteville News | 5newsonline KFSM 5NEWS. 2015-04-22. Retrieved 2017-05-09.
External links
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Images from FEMA, 1996 tornadoes in Arkansas. |
- A wild weekend across the USA (USA Today)
- Overview of the April 19 - 22, 1996 outbreak (USA Today)
- Violent storms lash South, Midwest (CNN)
- Galva, IL Tornado (NWS Quad Cities, IA/IL)
- The Central Illinois Severe Weather Outbreak of April 19, 1996 (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)
- April 19, 1996 - Illinois Tornado Outbreak (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)
- NWS Service Assessment (Ft. Smith and Van Buren, AR)
- Numerical Study of Severe Convection on April 19, 1996 (Proceedings, 19th Conference on Severe Local Storms, American Meteorological Society)
- Initiation and Evolution of Severe Convection in the 19 April 1996 Illinois Tornado Outbreak (Proceedings, 20th Conference on Severe Local Storms, American Meteorological Society)
- The 19 April 1996 Central Illinois Severe/Tornado Event: A WSR-88D Perspective (National Severe Storms Laboratory)
- Federal Disaster Declaration (Federal Emergency Management Agency)
- 1900 UTC (2:00 p.m. CDT) Day 1 Outlook Text from April 19, 1996 (incomplete)
- 1500 UTC (10:00 a.m. CDT) Day 1 Outlook Text (incomplete)
- PDS Tornado Watch #190
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