Bar-le-Duc

Bar-le-Duc (French pronunciation: ​[baʁ lə dyk]), formerly known as Bar, is a commune in the Meuse département, of which it is the capital. The department is in Grand Est in northeastern France.

Bar-le-Duc
Prefecture and commune
Clock tower
Coat of arms
Location of Bar-le-Duc
Bar-le-Duc
Bar-le-Duc
Coordinates: 48°46′19″N 5°09′37″E
CountryFrance
RegionGrand Est
DepartmentMeuse
ArrondissementBar-le-Duc
CantonBar-le-Duc-1 and 2
IntercommunalityBar-le-Duc
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2026) Martine Joly[1] (MR)
Area
1
23.62 km2 (9.12 sq mi)
Population
 (2017-01-01)[2]
14,985
 • Density630/km2 (1,600/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
55029 /55000
Elevation175–327 m (574–1,073 ft)
(avg. 240 m or 790 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

The lower, more modern and busier part of the town extends along a narrow valley, shut in by wooded or vine-clad hills, and is traversed throughout its length by the Ornain, which is crossed by several bridges. It is limited towards the north-east by the Marne–Rhine Canal, on the south-west by a small arm of the Ornain, called the Canal des Usines, on the left bank of which the upper town (Ville Haute) is situated.[3]

The highly rarefied Bar-le-duc jelly, also known as Lorraine jelly, is a spreadable preparation of white currant or red currant fruit preserves, hailing from this town. First referenced in the historical record in 1344, it is also colloquially referred to as "Bar caviar".

History
Further information: Duchy of Bar

Bar-le-Duc was at one time the seat of the county, from 1354 the Duchy of Bar. Though probably of ancient origin, the town was unimportant until the 10th century when it was fortified by Frederick I of Upper Lorraine.[3] Bar was an independent duchy from 1354 to 1480, when it was acquired by Duchy of Lorraine.

The Ville Haute, which is reached by staircases and steep narrow thoroughfares, is intersected by a long, quiet street, bordered by houses of the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries. In this quarter are the remains (16th-century) of the château of the dukes of Bar, dismantled in 1670, the old clock-tower, and the college, built in the latter half of the 16th century. Its church of Saint-Étienne (constructed during the 14th and 15th centuries) contains the Cadaver Tomb of René of Chalon, a skillfully carved effigy in white stone of a half-decayed corpse. It was erected to the memory of René of Châlon (died 1544), and is the work of 16th-century artist Ligier Richier, a pupil of Michelangelo.[3]

The lower town contains the official buildings and the churches of Notre-Dame, the most ancient in the town, and St. Antony, with 14th-century frescoes. Among the statues of distinguished natives of the town is one of Nicolas Oudinot, whose house serves as the hôtel-de-ville.[3] Other sights include the Notre-Dame Bridge, with five arches surmounted by a chapel in the middle.

Bar-le-Duc served as the assembly point for essential supplies going to the besieged city of Verdun during the Battle of Verdun in 1916. Thousands of trucks, carrying men, equipment and food, traveled north, around the clock, on the road linking Bar-le-Duc to Verdun. The route was given the name Voie Sacrée, which translates to Sacred Way, by the writer and politician Maurice Barres in April 1916, a reference to the ancient Roman Sacra Via, leading to triumph.

Historical population
YearPop.±%
17939,111—    
18008,961−1.6%
18069,970+11.3%
182111,432+14.7%
183112,496+9.3%
183612,383−0.9%
184112,526+1.2%
184613,191+5.3%
185114,816+12.3%
185613,835−6.6%
186114,922+7.9%
186615,334+2.8%
187215,175−1.0%
187616,728+10.2%
188117,485+4.5%
188618,860+7.9%
189118,761−0.5%
189618,249−2.7%
YearPop.±%
190117,693−3.0%
190617,307−2.2%
191117,068−1.4%
192116,261−4.7%
192616,365+0.6%
193116,550+1.1%
193616,697+0.9%
194615,460−7.4%
195416,609+7.4%
196218,346+10.5%
196819,159+4.4%
197519,288+0.7%
198218,471−4.2%
199017,545−5.0%
199916,944−3.4%
200616,041−5.3%
200915,895−0.9%

Notable residents

Bar-le-Duc was the birthplace of:

Other notable residents were:

  • Saint-Étienne Church and the court house (right) on the Saint-Pierre Square in Bar-le-Duc
  • Notre-Dame Bridge over the Ornain
  • Statue of Ernest Bradfer (1833–1882)

Twin cities

Bar-le-Duc is twinned with:

See also
Part of the series on
Lorraine
Flag of Lorraine since the 13th century
History
Culture
Religion
Law
Administrative divisions
Lorraine in the EU
Related topics

References
  1. "Répertoire national des élus: les maires". data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises (in French). 2 December 2020. Retrieved 7 December 2020.
  2. "Populations légales 2017". INSEE. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
  3.  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Bar-le-Duc". Encyclopædia Britannica. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 404.
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