List of the first women holders of political offices in Europe

This is a list of political offices which have been held by a woman, with details of the first woman holder of each office. It is ordered by the countries in Europe and by dates of appointment. Please observe that this list is meant to contain only the first woman to hold of a political office, and not all the female holders of that office.

Albania

People's Socialist Republic

  • Minister of Culture, Education and Science – Nexhmije Hoxha – 1946[1]
  • Member of the Praesidium of the People's Republic of Albania – Liri Belishova – 1950[2]
  • Minister of Agriculture – Thumie Thomay – 1975[3]
  • President of the Praesidium of the People's Republic of Albania – Mine Guri – 1978[4]

Republic

Andorra

Armenia

Kingdom of Armenia

First Republic of Armenia

Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic

  • Deputy Premier Minister – Rema Khristoforovna Svetlova – 1975 [18]
  • Minister of Trade – Nina Asmayan – 1991[19]

Republic of Armenia

Austria

Imperial

Republic

Azerbaijan

Soviet Socialist Republic

  • Cabinet Minister – Ayna Sultanova – 1938
  • Minister of Justice – Ayna Sultanova – 1938
  • Chairperson of the Committee for Science and Technology at the Council of Ministers – Tahira Tahirova – 1957
  • Minister of Education – Sakina Aliyeva – 1958
  • Minister of Foreign Affairs – Tahira Tahirova – 1959[36]
  • Deputy Premier Minister – Tahira Tahirova – 1963[37]
  • Vice-President – S.M. Mamedaliyeva – 1963 [37]
  • Minister of Higher and Special Education - Zuleikha Ismail-Kyzy Guseinova - 1965
  • Minister Social Affairs - L.P. Lykova - 1965 [37]
  • Head of the Central Committee Department of Agriculture - L.D. Radzhabova - 1971[37]
  • Minister of Public Service/Consumers Protection - Zuleikha Mageran Kyzy Gasanova - 1974
  • Minister of Trade - Svetlana Chingvitz-Kyzy Kasimova - 1979
  • Minister of Foreign Affairs – Elmira Gafarova – 1983
  • Chairwoman of the Presidium of the Supreme SovietElmira Gafarova – 1989[38]
  • Speaker of the National Assembly of Azerbaijan – Elmira Gafarova – 1990

Republic

Belarus

Soviet Socialist Republic

Belgium

Kingdom

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Republika Srpska

  • Minister of Finance - Petra Marković – 1992[75]
  • President – Biljana Plavšić – 1996[76]
  • Minister of Finance – Svetlana Cenić – 2004[77]
  • Vice President of Parliament – Nada Tešanović – 2006[78]
  • Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Economic relations and Regional cooperation – Jasna Brkić – 2006[79]
  • Minister of Self-government – Lejla Rešić – 2010[80]
  • Minister of Tourism and Trade – Gorana Zlatković – 2010[81]
  • Minister of Sport and youth – Nada Tešanović – 2010[82]
  • Minister of Justice – Biljana Marić - 2001[83]
  • Minister of Justice (Republika Srpska) - Gorana Zlatković - 2011[84]
  • Minister of Planning, Civil Engineering and Ecology – Srebrenka Golić – 2010[85]
  • Minister of Economic regional relations – Željka Cvijanović – 2010[86]
  • Prime MinisterŽeljka Cvijanović – 2013[86]
  • Minister of Tourism and Trade – Maida Ibširagić Hrstić – 2013[87]

Bulgaria

Kingdom

People's Republic

Republic

Croatia

Kingdom

Socialist Republic of Croatia

Republic

Cyprus

Kingdom

Republic

Northern Cyprus

unrecognized, secessionist state

Czech Republic

Czechoslovakia (1918-1992)

  • Members of the first Czechoslovak Parliament: Revolutionary National Assembly (unicameral) – Bozena Ecksteinova, Anna Chlebounova, Irena Kanova, Frantiska Kolarikova, Luisa Landova-Stychova, Alice Masarykova, Eliska Purkynova, Bozena Vikova-Kuneticka, Ludmila Zatloukalova-Coufalova, Frantiska Zeminova – 1918
  • Deputy Speaker of the National Assembly of CzechoslovakiaAnezka Hodinova - Spurna – 1945[123]
  • Minister of IndustryLudmila Jankovcova – 1947[124]
  • Deputy Prime MinisterLudmila Jankovcova – 1954[125]
  • Minister of Consumer IndustryBozena Machacova-Dostalova – 1954[126]
  • Minister of Post and Telecommunication – Růžena Urbánková – 1969[127]
  • Speaker of the Chamber of People of the Federal AssemblySona Pennigerova – 1969[128]
  • Deputy Speaker of the Chamber of People of the Federal AssemblyEva Zeleznikova – 1986[128]
  • Deputy Speaker of the Chamber of Nations of the Federal AssemblyBlanka Hykova – 1989[128]
  • Minister of State AuditKvetoslava Korinkova – 1989[129]

Czech Republic (1992-onward)

Denmark

Faroe Islands

Greenland

Estonia

Danish Estonia

Swedish Estonia and Livonia

Autonomous Governorate of Estonia

Republic of Estonia

Estonian Government in Exile

Soviet-occupied Estonia

Republic of Estonia

Finland

Swedish Realm

Kalmar Union

Swedish Realm

Grand Duchy

Republic

Åland

France

Georgia

Kingdom

Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic

  • Minister of Trade – Zinaida Arsen'evna Kvachadze – 1957 [253]
  • Minister of Education – Tamar Lashkarashvili – 1960
  • Deputy Premier – Victoria M. Siradze – 1962
  • Vice-President – Tamar Lashkarashvili – 1979

Republic

Abkhazia

Germany

Holy Roman Empire

Weimar Republic

Allied Occupation

Democratic Republic

Federal Republic (West)

Federal Republic (United)

Greece

Kingdom

Republic

Hungary

Kingdom

People's Republic

Republic

Iceland

Kingdom

Republic

Ireland

Kingdom of Ireland

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland

Irish Republic

Free State

Ireland (Republic of Ireland)

Italy

Latvia

First Republic

Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic

Second Republic

Liechtenstein

Lithuania

Republic

Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic

Republic of Lithuania

Luxembourg

County, Duchy and Grand Duchy

Grand Duchy

Macedonia

Malta

Colony

Republic

Moldova

Transnistria

unrecognized, secessionist state

Monaco

Montenegro

Serbia and Montenegro

  • Speaker of ParliamentVesna Perović – 2001[411]
  • Supreme State AttorneyVesna Medenica – 2004[412]
  • Mayor of City/President of Municipality (first elected) – Marija-Maja Ćatović – 2005[413]

Republic of Montenegro

Netherlands

Spanish Netherlands

Dutch Republic

Kingdom

Norway

Other political positions

Svalbard

Poland

Kingdom (1385–1569)

Second Republic

People's Republic

Republic

Portugal

County

Kingdom

Republic

Romania

Kingdom

People's Republic

Republic

Russia

Imperial

Intermin Republic

  • Vice Minister of State Welfare and Vice Minister of Education – Sofia Panina – 1917[516]

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

Federation

San Marino

Serbia

Imperial

Moravian

Despotate

Principality

Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes

Great National Assembly of Serbs, Bunjevci and other Slavs of Banat, Bačka, and Baranja

  • Assembly members - 1918: Milica Tomić, Mara Đorđević Malagurski, Anastasija Manojlović, Marija Jovanović, Olga Stanković, Katica Rajčić and Manda Sudarević.[528]

Socialist Yugoslavian Republic

  • Minister of Education – Mitra Mitrović – 1945 – 1948[529]
  • Minister of Labour – Spasenija Cana Babović – 1946 – 1948[530]
  • Minister of Health - Spasenija Cana Babović - 1948 -1953[530]
  • Deputy Prime Minister - Spasenija Cana Babović – 1953 – 1963[530]

Federal Yugoslavia

Republic of Serbia

Kosovo

partially recognized secessionist state under nominal international administration

Slovakia

Please note: Independent Slovak Republic was established on January 1, 1993. The first female politicians of Slovak Republic as a part of Czech and Slovak Federative Republic are not included above.

Czechoslovakia

Czech and Slovak Federative Republic

Slovenia

Spain

Kingdom

This list includes office holders after the unification of Spain in the 16th-century:

  • MonarchJoanna I – 1504–1555[609]
  • RegentIsabella of Portugal – 1535-1539[610]
  • First Female Mayor – Matilde Pérez Mollá – 1924[611]
  • First thirteen Members of National Assembly – Blanca de los Ríos de Lampérez, Isidra Quesada y Gutiérrez de los Ríos, Micaela Díaz y Rabaneda, María de Maeztu, María de Echarri y Martínez, María López de Sagredo, Concepción Loring y Heredia, Carmen Cuesta del Muro, Teresa Luzzatti Quiñones, Josefina Oloriz Arcelus, María López Moleón, María Natividad Domínguez de Roger y Trinidad Von Scholtzhermensdorff - 1927[612]

Second Republic

Francoist Spain

Kingdom (restored)

Autonomous City

Sweden

Kingdom

During the Kalmar Union (1397–1523), Sweden-Finland was in union with Denmark and Norway, but maintained its own administration. Sweden was in union with Norway during the United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway (1814–1905), but each country had its own administration and laws, and thus should be listed separately.

Switzerland

Turkey

Ottoman

Republic

Ukraine

Soviet Socialist Republic

Republic

United Kingdom

Great Britain

Great Britain and Ireland

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

England
Parliament of Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland Assembly

Scotland

Wales

Vatican City

  • Vice Minister – Sister Enrica Rosanna – 2004[788]
  • Francesca Di Giovanni - Undersecretary of the Section for Relations with States (Vatican Secretariat of State) - 2020[789]

See also

Footnotes and references

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