Totoli language
Totoli (also known as Tolitoli) is a Sulawesi language of the Austronesian language family spoken by 25,000 people of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia.
| Totoli | |
|---|---|
| Native to | parts of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia |
Native speakers | 25,000 (2001)[1] |
Austronesian
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | txe |
| Glottolog | toto1304 |
| ELP | Totoli[2] |
Grammar
Voice
Totoli has a symmetrical voice system.[3] In the examples below, i Winarno mongusut kunji motorna is an actor voice construction, while kunji itu kusuti i Winarno. is an undergoer voice construction.
I Winaro moN-kusut kunji motor=na[3]:1 HON PN AV-look.for key scooter=3S.GEN 'Winarno is looking for the keys of his scooter.'
kunji itu kusut-i i Winaro[3]:1 key DIST look.for-UV2 HON PN 'The keys are being looked for by Winarno.'
The syntactic pivot can be placed before the predicate, as shown:
gaukan no-gutu ponguman itu[4]:142 king AV.RLS-make story DIST 'The king made this announcement.'
kopi ia ni-pogutu i Andris[4]:143 coffee PRX RLS(UG)-make PN Andrew 'Andrew made this coffee.'
References
- Totoli at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- Endangered Languages Project data for Totoli.
- Riesberg, Sonja (2014). Symmetrical voice and linking in Western Austronesian languages. Walter de Gruyter.
- Adelaar, K. Alexander; Himmelmann, Nikolaus, eds. (2005). The Austronesian languages of Asia and Madagascar.
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