ZK-93423

ZK-93423 is an anxiolytic drug from the β-Carboline family, closely related to abecarnil.[1] It is a nonbenzodiazepine GABAA agonist which is not subtype selective and stimulates α1, α2, α3, and α5-subunit containing GABAA receptors equally.[2] It has anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant and appetite stimulating properties comparable to benzodiazepine drugs.[3][4][5][6] ZK-93423 has also been used as a base to develop new and improved beta-carboline derivatives and help map the binding site of the GABAA receptor.[7][8][9][10][11][12]

ZK-93423
Clinical data
ATC code
  • none
Legal status
Legal status
  • In general: legal
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
ChemSpider
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC23H22N2O4
Molar mass390.439 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
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See also

References
  1. Zhang H, Larock RC (December 2002). "Synthesis of beta- and gamma-carbolines by the palladium-catalyzed iminoannulation of alkynes". The Journal of Organic Chemistry. 67 (26): 9318–30. doi:10.1021/jo026317u. PMID 12492334.
  2. Stephens DN, Shearman GT, Kehr W (1984). "Discriminative stimulus properties of beta-carbolines characterized as agonists and inverse agonists at central benzodiazepine receptors". Psychopharmacology. 83 (3): 233–9. doi:10.1007/BF00464787. PMID 6089245. S2CID 1479932.
  3. Klockgether T, Pardowitz I, Schwarz M, Sontag KH, Turski L (October 1985). "Evaluation of the muscle relaxant properties of a novel beta-carboline, ZK 93423 in rats and cats". British Journal of Pharmacology. 86 (2): 357–66. doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1985.tb08904.x. PMC 1916712. PMID 3931731.
  4. Cooper SJ (January 1986). "Hyperphagic and anorectic effects of beta-carbolines in a palatable food consumption test: comparisons with triazolam and quazepam". European Journal of Pharmacology. 120 (3): 257–65. doi:10.1016/0014-2999(86)90466-8. PMID 3753939.
  5. File SE, Baldwin HA (September 1987). "Effects of beta-carbolines in animal models of anxiety". Brain Research Bulletin. 19 (3): 293–9. doi:10.1016/0361-9230(87)90097-9. PMID 3315125. S2CID 54428766.
  6. Löscher W, Hönack D, Hashem A (November 1987). "Anticonvulsant efficacy of clonazepam and the beta-carboline ZK 93423 during chronic treatment in amygdala-kindled rats". European Journal of Pharmacology. 143 (3): 403–14. doi:10.1016/0014-2999(87)90464-X. PMID 3691663.
  7. Dodd RH, Ouannès C, Potier MC, Prado de Carvalho L, Rossier J, Potier P (July 1987). "Synthesis of beta-carboline-benzodiazepine hybrid molecules: use of the known structural requirements for benzodiazepine and beta-carboline binding in designing a novel, high-affinity ligand for the benzodiazepine receptor". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 30 (7): 1248–54. doi:10.1021/jm00390a023. PMID 3037081.
  8. Hollinshead SP, Trudell ML, Skolnick P, Cook JM (March 1990). "Structural requirements for agonist actions at the benzodiazepine receptor: studies with analogues of 6-(benzyloxy)-4-(methoxymethyl)-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 33 (3): 1062–9. doi:10.1021/jm00165a028. PMID 1968513.
  9. Diaz-Arauzo H, Evoniuk GE, Skolnick P, Cook JM (May 1991). "The agonist pharmacophore of the benzodiazepine receptor. Synthesis of a selective anticonvulsant/anxiolytic". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 34 (5): 1754–6. doi:10.1021/jm00109a035. PMID 1674542.
  10. Sharma RC, Ojha TN, Tiwari S, Singh P (1992). "Quantitative structure-activity relationship study of some benzodiazepine-receptor ligands having inverse agonist/antagonist and agonist actions". Drug Design and Discovery. 9 (2): 135–43. PMID 1338366.
  11. Cox ED, Diaz-Arauzo H, Huang Q, Reddy MS, Ma C, Harris B, McKernan R, Skolnick P, Cook JM (July 1998). "Synthesis and evaluation of analogues of the partial agonist 6-(propyloxy)-4-(methoxymethyl)-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (6-PBC) and the full agonist 6-(benzyloxy)-4-(methoxymethyl)-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (Zk 93423) at wild type and recombinant GABAA receptors". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 41 (14): 2537–52. doi:10.1021/jm970460b. PMID 9651158.
  12. Ferretti V, Gilli P, Borea PA (August 2004). "Structural features controlling the binding of beta-carbolines to the benzodiazepine receptor". Acta Crystallographica B. 60 (Pt 4): 481–9. doi:10.1107/S0108768104013564. PMID 15258407.
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