Jalgaon district

Jalgaon is a district in the northern part of Maharashtra, India. City of Jalgaon serves as the administrative seat for the district.

This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Jalgaon.

Jalgaon district
District of Maharashtra
Location of Jalgaon district in Maharashtra
CountryIndia
StateMaharashtra
DivisionNashik Division
HeadquartersJalgaon
TehsilsJalgaon, Jamner, Chalisgaon, Bhadgaon, Dharangaon, Bhusawal, Bodwad, Yawal, Raver, Muktainagar, Amalner, Chopda, Parola, Pachora, Erandol
Government
 • Lok Sabha constituenciesJalgaon and Raver (shared with Buldhana District)
 • Vidhan Sabha constituencies12
Area
 • Total11,765 km2 (4,542 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total4,229,917
 • Density360/km2 (930/sq mi)
 • Urban
11%
Demographics
 • Literacy79.72%
 • Sex ratio933
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
Major highwaysNH-6, NH-211
Average annual precipitation690 mm
Websitehttp://jalgaon.nic.in

It is bordered by the state of Madhya Pradesh to the north and by the districts of Buldhana to the east, Jalna to the southeast, Aurangabad to the south, Nashik to the southwest, and Dhule to the west.

History

Before 1906, the district was named was Khandesh district. In 1906 the district of Khandesh was divided into two districts called, East Khandesh and West Khandesh.[1] with East Khandesh covering the territory that is now Jalgaon and neighboring Dhule.[2]

After the 1956 reorganisation of India's states, East Khandesh became part of Bombay State. Four years later, in 1960, it became part of the newly formed Maharashtra and was renamed Jalgaon and Dhulia Districts, respectively.

Railways

In British Raj, the building of railway line in the limit of Khandesh district started in 1852 and opened for trains in 1861 and 1865.before there was no railway transportation in the district. The British government also built a number of small station like Jalgaon, Nashirabad Bhadli, Varangaon, Nadgaon stations in the cost of £ 300to £500 (Rs 3000 - 15,000) with a station master's room and booking office. There has been built a big station at Bhusawal. Today we know it as Bhusawal railway station in the sum of £80,000 (800,000 Indian rupee) with workshop, large bath, dwellings for European employees, gymkhana[3]

Geography

It has an area of 11,765 km² according to the 2011 census.[4]

Climate

On average, Jalgaon receives between 77 cm and 80 cm of rainfall per year. In the easternmost part of the district—i.e., in Yawal—the average annual rainfall is 77 cm; in Bhusawal, Pachora, and the city of Jalgaon, it is 79 cm; and in Jamner, it is 80 cm.[5]

Rivers

The Tapi River flows through Jalgaon[1] from the north. Its total length is 724 km, of which 208 km are in Maharashtra. The Tapti has numerous tributaries in and around the district, including the Purna, Aner, Bhuleshwari, Biswa, Chandrabhaga, Dolar, Gadgi, Kapara, Katpurna, Man, Morana, Nalganga, Nand, Pedhi, Sipana, and Wan Rivers.[5]

Divisions

Jalgaon district consists of 15 talukas, or tehsils: Dharangaon, Amalner, Bhadgaon, Bhusawal, Bodwad, Chalisgaon, Chopda, Erandol, Jalgaon, Jamner, Muktainagar, Pachora, Parola, Raver, and Yawal. Jalgaon city is the administrative headquarters.

The district has 11 constituencies in the Vidhan Sabha, the state legislative assembly: Amalner, Bhusawal, Chalisgaon, Chopda, Erandol, Jalgaon City, Jalgaon Rural, Jamner, Muktainagar, Pachora, and Raver. It has two constituencies in the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Indian Parliament: Raver and Jalgaon.[6]

Demographics

It has a population of 4,229,917 as of the 2011 census.[4]

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901954,077—    
19111,028,126+0.75%
19211,069,656+0.40%
19311,198,260+1.14%
19411,320,074+0.97%
19511,471,351+1.09%
19611,765,047+1.84%
19712,123,121+1.86%
19812,618,274+2.12%
19913,187,634+1.99%
20013,682,690+1.45%
20114,229,917+1.40%
source:[7]

As of the 2011 census, Jalgaon district had a population of 4,229,917,[4] roughly equal to that of the Republic of the Congo[8] or the United States' state of Kentucky.[9] It is the 46th most populous of India's 640 districts.[4]

The population density is 359 inhabitants per square kilometre (930/sq mi).[4] The population growth rate from 2001–11 was 14.71%.[4] Jalgaon has a sex ratio of 922 females for every 1000 males,[4] and a literacy rate of 79.73%.[4]

Languages

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 94.50% of the population in the district spoke Marathi, 4.25% Bhili, 0.65% Sindhi, 0.53% Gujarati and 0.40% Konkani as their first language.[10]

The languages spoken in Jalgaon include Ahirani, a dialect of Khandeshi with approximately 780,000 speakers, similar to Marathi and Bhili;[11] Palya Bareli, a Bhil language with approximately 10,000 speakers, centred in Madhya Pradesh;[12] and Rathwi Bareli, a Bhil language with approximately 64,000 speakers, written in the Devanagari script and mutually unintelligible with Palya Bareli.[13]

Education

Kavayatri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University was established in the city of Jalgaon on 15 August 1989 and serves as the regional university. Government Polytechnic Jalgaon was established in 1960. The district is also home to schools and colleges of the Khandesh Education Society and Maratha Vidya Prasarak Mandal and the Government Polytechnic Jalgaon.

Medical Education

Government Medical College, Jalgaon is a tertiary medical college in Jalgaon that was established in 2018 and offers under graduate course in MBBS. Dr. Ulhas Patil Medical college. is a privately operated medical college.

Economy

The district is well known for its significant banana cultivation. The district's administrative center, Jalgaon city, is a well known hub for gold jewellery shopping and business.

Media

The major Marathi-language newspapers published in Jalgaon are Deshdoot, Deshonnati, Divya Marathi, Lokmat, the Maharashtra Times, and Sakal.

Notable people

References
  1. Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Khandesh, East and West" . Encyclopædia Britannica. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 771.
  2. Campbell, James M., ed. (1880). Khandesh District Gazetteer (Facsimile) (Volume XII ed.). Gazetteer of Bombay Presidency. Retrieved 18 May 2020.
  3. Campbell, James M. (1880). Gazetteer of Bombay presidency : Khandesh. Bombay presidency, India: British Government of India. p. 1.
  4. "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
  5. ISBN 938072559-0
  6. "District wise List of Assembly and Parliamentary Constituencies". Chief Electoral Officer, Maharashtra website. Archived from the original on 18 March 2010.
  7. Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  8. US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Retrieved 1 October 2011. Congo, Republic of the 4,243,929
  9. "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 19 October 2013. Retrieved 30 September 2011. Kentucky 4,339,367
  10. 2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue
  11. M. Paul Lewis, ed. (2009). "Ahirani: A language of India". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (16th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Retrieved 28 September 2011.
  12. M. Paul Lewis, ed. (2009). "Bareli, Palya: A language of India". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (16th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Retrieved 28 September 2011.
  13. M. Paul Lewis, ed. (2009). "Bareli, Rathwi: A language of India". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (16th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Retrieved 28 September 2011.

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