Buldhana district

Buldhana district is located in the Amravati division of Maharashtra, India . The name of the district is probably derived from Bhil Thana (place of Bhils, a tribal group).[2] It is situated at the western border of Vidarbha region and is 500 km away from the state capital, Mumbai. The district has towns and cities like Shegaon, Jalgaon Jamod, Malkapur, Khamgaon, Lonar, Mehkar, and Chikhli. It is surrounded by Madhya Pradesh in the north, Akola, Washim, and Amravati districts on the east, Jalna district on the south, and Jalgaon and Aurangabad districts on the west. Latitudes are 19.51° to 21.17° N and longitudes are 75.57° to 76.59° E. Bounded on the north by Madhya Pradesh state, to the east by Akola and Washim, to the south by Parbhani and Jalna districts, and to the west by Jalna and Jalgaon districts.

This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Buldhana.

Buldhana district
District
Temple of Daitya Sudana
Location of Buldhana district in Maharashtra
Coordinates (Buldhana): 20.5°N 76.15°E / 20.5; 76.15
Country India
StateMaharashtra
DivisionAmravati Division
HeadquartersBuldhana
Tehsils1. Buldhana, 2. Chikhli, 3. Deulgaon Raja, 4. Khamgaon, 5. Shegaon, 6. Malkapur, 7. Motala, 8. Nandura, 9. Mehkar, 10. Lonar, 11. Sindkhed Raja, 12. Jalgaon Jamod, 13. Sangrampur
Government
 • Lok Sabha constituenciesBuldhana, Raver (MH-4)( shared with Jalgaon district)[1]
 • Vidhan Sabha constituenciesBuldhana, Malkapur, Chikhli, Sindkhed Raja, Mehkar, Khamgaon, Jalgaon Jamod
Area
 • Total9,640 km2 (3,720 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total2,586,258
 • Density270/km2 (690/sq mi)
Demographics
 • Literacy82.09%
 • Sex ratio928
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
Major highwaysNH-6
NH-753A
Average annual precipitation946 mm
Websitebuldhana.nic.in

Buldhana holds religious significance as it is the site of the Shri Gajanan Maharaj temple, Shegaon.[3]

History
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901617,990—    
1911673,698+0.87%
1921703,643+0.44%
1931766,584+0.86%
1941820,862+0.69%
1951870,168+0.59%
19611,059,698+1.99%
19711,262,978+1.77%
19811,508,777+1.79%
19911,886,299+2.26%
20012,232,480+1.70%
20112,586,258+1.48%
source:[4]

Buldhana, along with the rest of Berar Province, was part of the Vidarbha kingdom mentioned in the Mahabharata, a Sanskrit epic poem. Berar formed a part of the Maurya Empire during the reign of Ashoka (272–231 BCE). Berar came under the rule of the Satavahana dynasty (2nd century BCE–2nd century CE), the Vakataka dynasty (3rd to 6th centuries), the Chalukya dynasty (6th to 8th centuries), the Rashtrakuta Dynasty (8th to 10th centuries), the Chalukyas again (10th to 12th centuries), and finally the Yadava dynasty of Devagiri (late 12th to early 14th centuries).

A period of Muslim rule began when Alauddin Khalji, the Sultan of Delhi conquered the region in the early 14th century. The region was part of the Bahmani Sultanate, which broke away from the Delhi Sultanate in the mid-14th century. The Bahmani Sultanate broke up into smaller sultanates at the end of the 15th century. In 1572, Berar became part of the Nizam Shahi sultanate, based at Ahmednagar. The Nizam Shahis ceded Berar to the Mughal Empire in 1595. As Mughal rule started to unravel at the start of the 18th century, Asaf Jah I, the Nizam of Hyderabad, seized the southern provinces of the empire in 1724, forming an independent state. Berar was a part of the independent state.

In 1853, the whole district came under the administration of the British East India Company. Berar was divided into East and West Berar with Buldhana district being included in West Berar. In 1903, Berar was leased by the Nizam of Hyderabad to the British Government of India. Thus, Berar became part of Central Provinces. In 1950, it became part of Madhya Pradesh with Nagpur as its capital. In 1956, along with other Marathi-speaking regions of Vidarbha, it became part of the newly formed state Maharashtra in 1960.

The name of the district is probably derived from Bhil Thana (place of Bhils, a tribal group).[2]

Administration

Sub-Divisions

The district has six revenue sub-divisions headed by a Sub Divisional Officer (SDO): Buldhana, Mehkar, Khamgaon, Malkapur, Jalgaon-Jamod and Sindkhedraja.

Tehsils

As of 2010, the district of Buldhana comprises thirteen talukas (tehsils): Buldhana, Chikhli, Deulgaon Raja, Malkapur, Motala, Nandura, Mehkar, Sindkhed Raja, Lonar, Khamgaon, Shegaon, Jalgaon Jamod, and Sangrampur.[5]

Agriculture

The district superintending agriculture officer comes under the Divisional Joint Director of Amravati Division. There are three sub-divisions at Buldhana, Khamgaon, and Mehkar with a taluka agriculture officer posted at each taluka.

There are multiple circles under each taluka. They are Dhad, Shelapur, Dhamangaon, Motala, Shelsur, Amdapur, Chikhli, Dharangaon, Malkapur, Janephal, Mehkar, Bibi, Lonar, Sakharkherda, Sindkhed Raja, Mera Khurd, Deulgaon Mahi, Deulgaon Raja, Ganeshpur, Pimpalgaon Raja (Khamgaon), Nandura, Shegaon, Jalgaon Jamod, Warwat Khanderao, and Sangrampur.[6]

Police

The district has six police subdivisions and thirty-three police stations.[7]

Electricity

The distribution of electricity comes under Akola Zone and Buldhana Circle with Buldhana, Khamgaon, and Malkapur Divisions. Each subdivision caters to more nearby talukas and has 33KV distribution substations under them.[8]

Irrigation

The district comes under Buldhana Irrigation Project Circle along with Akola and Washim district. The circle comes under Vidarbha Irrigation Development Corporation, Nagpur. It has its Major Project division at Shegaon, Kadakpurna at Deulgaon Raja, Mun Project division at Khamgaon, and Minor Irrigation Division at Chikhli and Akola.[9]

The completed irrigation projects are the Nalganga Dam project in Motala and a major project in Vaan having one-fourth of the benefit accrue to Akola district. Many further irrigation projects are under way or are in the planning stages.[10]

Public Works Department

The district comes under Amravati Public Works Region and Akola Public Works Circle. It has one Public Works division at Buldhana with subdivision at Buldhana, Chikhli, Mehkar, and Deulgaon Raja; and a second, Khamgaon division, with subdivisions at Khamgaon, Jalgaon Jamod, and Malkapur; plus the Buldhana District Mechanical Subdivision.

There are Road Project subdivisions at Buldhana and Khamgaon under the Road Project Division of Akola. There is a separate Zilla Parishad Works Division at Buldhana with subdivisions at Buldhana, Kahmgaon, Mehkar, and Malkapur.[11] The department manages Government Rest houses at Buldhana, Khamgaon, Shegaon, Malkapur, Motala, Jalgaon Jamod, Sangrampur, Chikhli, Amdapur, Lavhala (Mehkar), Mehkar, Dongaon, Deulgaon Raja, Deulgaon Mahi, Sindkhed Raja, Lonar, and Nandura.[12]

Politics

The district contributes one seat to the Lok Sabha (Lower House), namely Buldhana (Lok Sabha constituency). Prataprao Ganpatrao Jadhav of Shiv Sena is the current Member of Parliament from Buldhana.

The district has seven seats in the Maharashtra State legislature assembly: Buldhana, Chikhli, Sindkhed Raja, Mehkar, Khamgaon, and Jalgaon Jamod. The seventh seat at Malkapur is part of Raver (Lok Sabha constituency) in Jalgaon district.

Demographics
Top 20 most populated places Buldana district 1901 (click to enlarge).

According to the 2011 census Buldhana district has a population of 2,586,258,[13] roughly equal to the nation of Kuwait[14] or the US state of Nevada.[15] This gives it a ranking of 159th in India (out of a total of 640).[13] The district has a population density of 268 inhabitants per square kilometre (690/sq mi) .[13] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 15.93%.[13] Buldana has a sex ratio of 928 females for every 1000 males,[13] and a literacy rate of 82.09%.[13]

Tehsilwise Religious Population Percentage

Religion in Buldhana District (2011)[16]

  Hinduism (71.35%)
  Buddhism (14.10%)
  Islam (13.70%)
  Jainism (0.47%)
  Christianity (0.13%)
  Sikhism (0.06%)
  Other Religions (0.02%)
  Irreligion (0.17%)
Tehsil NameHinduBuddhistMuslimJainChristianSikhOtherAtheist
Buldhana68.9113.1016.990.590.260.050.020.09
Shegaon69.6316.8013.080.240.090.020.010.09
Khamgaon65.9216.4016.500.710.170.170.0050.10
Malkapur67.8510.6020.140.980.120.030.010.30
Nandura70.4613.9015.120.240.060.030.010.12
Jalgaon Jamod75.2410.7013.370.150.160.040.010.29
Sangrampur75.0212.511.930.0070.050.190.090.18
Motala73.1713.1013.170.210.050.010.030.18
Mehkar75.0015.0009.150.450.100.050.0080.20
Chikhli70.8215.0013.530.370.150.010.010.10
Deulgaon Raja73.3314.7010.541.040.190.060.0070.16
Sindkhed Raja74.6516.807.940.220.120.040.020.22
Lonar77.7011.609.570.680.080.040.0010.27

[16]

Languages

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 78.67% of the population in the district spoke Marathi, 10.99% Urdu, 4.41% Hindi and 1.7% Lambadi as their first language.[17]

Residents of Buldhana communicate in Marathi language. Nihali language, a language isolate of India, is spoken by some 2,000 people (1991) in the Buldana district of Maharashtra. Apart from the commonly used Varhadi, a dialect of Marathi language used in the district includes Andh, an Indo-Aryan language spoken by 100,000 people.[18] Hindi and English are also spoken in the region.

Geography

Rivers

The district lies in the Tapi River and Godavari River basins. Purna River is a tributary of the Tapi River. Nalganga river is a tributary of Purna river. The Penganga and Khadakpurna rivers are tributaries of Godavari River.

Here are the rivers in the district, with their tributaries.

Transport

Buses, jeeps, two-wheelers, and railways are the common modes of transport.

Road
The state highway joining two cities Malkapur and Buldhana via Motala. The road curves in a ghat near Buldhana.

National Highway 6 passes through Khamgaon, Nandura, and Malkapur towns in the district and Aurangabad Buldana National Highway 753A . There are many Maharashtra State Road Transport Corporation bus stands in all towns of the district. There are State Transport bus depots at Buldhana, Malkapur, Chikhli, Mehkar, Khamgaon, Shegaon, and Jalgaon-Jamod.

Vehicles from Nagpur, Amravati, and Akola pass through Khamgaon, Chikhli, Deulgaonraja while going towards Jalna, Aurangabad, and Pune.Regular State Transport buses are available from any Maharashtra State Road Transport Corporation Bus Stand. National Highway 6 passes through Khamgaon, Nandura, and Malkapur Talukas in Buldhana District.

Rail

Malkapur, Nandura, and Shegaon railway stations fall under the Bhusawal-Badnera Section of Bhusawal Division of the Central Railway. The nearest railway station is at Malkapur which is 45 km from District Headquarters. Malkapur, Shegaon, Nandura railway stations come under Bhusawal Division of Central Railway. Bhusawal (101 km) and Akola (102 km) are also the nearest railway junctions from the District headquarters. There is a branch line from Jalamb to Khamgaon. The main line was originally under the Great Indian Peninsula Railway and the branch line between Jalamb and Khamgaon was under the Khamgaon State Railway.

The railway stations in the district, with their codes, are Khamkhed (KMKD), Malkapur (MKU), Wadoda (WDD), Biswa Bridge (BIS), Nandura (NN), Kumgaon Burti (KJL), Jalamb Junction (JM), Khamgaon (KMN), Shegaon (SEG), and Shrikshetra Nagzari (NGZ).

A computerized railway reservation facility is available at Buldhana, Malkapur, and Shegaon, while manual reservation facility is available at city booking office, Khamgaon, Nandura, and Jalamb Junction.

Airport

The nearest airport is at [Akola] which is 102 km from district headquarters. the nearest airport is at Aurangabad is at 145 km.

Economy

Cotton, sorghum and other cereals, oilseeds, soybean, sunflower, and groundnuts are the predominant crops grown in the district.

Khamgaon and Malkapur are the major cotton trading towns in the district. The district has many minor and medium size irrigation projects. The important ones are Nalganga and Vaan. There are thirteen Agriculture Produce Market Committees-Main Market, one in each tehsil, and there are twenty sub-markets in the districts.[19]

The Indian Council for Agriculture research funded a farm science centre Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Jalgaon Jamod in the district in 1994.[20]

The district has major industrial areas at Khamgoan and Malkapur and has smaller industrial areas at Chikhli, Buldhana, Dasarkhed, Deoulgaonraja, Mehkar, Sangrampur, and Lonar.

Culture

There is a fair called Chaitra Masa Suklapaksha Navami at Shegaon on Rama Navami in Chaitra (March or April) each year.

Common folk arts are Bhajan (devotional singing), Kirtan (devotional chanting with musical instruments), and Gondhal (a complex art form involving ritual acts, dances, songs, and poems).

Youth Hostel Buldhana is one of two youth hostels in Maharashtra and is located near Zilla Krida Sankulan with a 50-bed dormitory and five double rooms.

Places of interest

Lonar lake
Main article: Lonar crater lake

Lonar crater lake is located in Buldhana district. It is the second largest impact crater in basaltic rock in the world. It was formed 60,000 years ago by a meteor impact. The pH of the water is about 11 (extremely alkaline). Lonar Crater has very different flora and fauna in its vicinity.

Different side of the crater during non-monsoon days

Sant Gajanan Maharaj Temple
Main article: Gajanan Maharaj

Gajanan Maharaj from Shegaon, was a saint from India. "Shri Sant Gajanan Maharaj Sansthan", a body of 12 trustees was formed on 12 September 1908 to commemorate the holy place which the saint had hinted about, for Samadhi.[21] Later, a temple was built around his Samadhi/tomb.

This temple has a tourist attraction called "Anand Sagar", an INR 3 billion project.[22] It is maintained by the Gajanan Maharaj Sansthan. It surrounds a big artificial lake. It has a meditation center, an aquarium, temples, playgrounds, lawns and open theatre where fountain-show is conducted for entertainment. It has been decorated with artifacts and carvings. An amusement park has also started with a toy train encircling the entire place.[23]

Top view of Anand Sagar and partial artificial lake
View of Anand Sagar from artificial lake
Fron-side view of Anand Sagar

Sindkhed Raja
Main article: Sindkhed Raja

Sindkhed Raja is birthplace of Veer Mata Jijabai, mother of Chhatrapati Shivaji, the town still has the palace and tomb of Lakhuji RajeJadhav, father of Jijabai.lakhuji jadhav fatjar.

Pentakali Dam
Main article: Pentakali Dam
  • Pentakali Dam is an earthfill dam on Painganga River near Mehkar, Buldhana district. It is located at 53 km from Buldhana and 21 km from Mehkar.

Other
  • Hemadpanthi Shri Aundheshwar mahadev temple- At-Andhera.
  • Hemadpanthi temples are located at Mehkar-Sonati, Sindhkhed Raja (Nilkantheshwar),
  • Sakegaonon on the Chikhli-Dhad road. Three Shiva temples are located in Dhotra (Nandai),
  • a village on Deulgaon Raja-Chikhli road. Two Shiva temples are located in Kothali (Jaipur) near Motala
  • Hemadpanti temple in Warwand of lord Shiva 10 km far from Buldhana on Khamgaon road.
  • A 105 feet tall Hanuman idol in Nandura.
  • Sailani Baba Dargah, Pimpalgaon Sarai, Buldhana
  • Shri Shiddheshwar Bhagwan Sansthan, Kolara. 10 km from Chikhali on Mehkar Road, Place of Kalbhairav, Rambhau Maharaj Sansthan.
  • Temple of Shri Renuka Devi in Chikhli.
  • Nalganga Dam in Malkapur.
  • Jagadamba Mata Temple, Buldhana.
  • Balaji Temple, Vyankatgiri, Buldhana.
  • Budhneshwar Temple, Madh, Buldhana (From this place river Painganga originates).
  • Balaji Temple in Mehkar.

References
  1. "Parliamentary Constituencies - Maharashtra" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 March 2009. Retrieved 26 October 2009.
  2. Central Provinces Districts Gazetteers - Buldana District 1910.
  3. "Shree's Samadhi Mandir". Shegaon, Maharashtra, India: Shri Gajanan Maharaj Sansthan. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015.
  4. Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  5. "बुलढाणा जिल्हा" [Buldhana district]. Buldhana.nic.in (in Marathi). Archived from the original on 7 February 2011. Retrieved 27 February 2016.
  6. "Agri Circles - Buldhana". Archived from the original on 24 February 2008. Retrieved 19 March 2008.
  7. "Welcome to MPD, INDIA". Mahapolice.gov.in. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 27 February 2016.
  8. "Contact Your Nearest Office". Mahadiscom.in. 8 October 2007. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 27 February 2016.
  10. "Government Of Maharashtra - Irrigation Department". Archived from the original on 31 August 2005. Retrieved 18 March 2008.
  11. "Organisation Structure". Mahapwd.com. Retrieved 27 February 2016.
  12. "RestHouse". Mahapwd.com. Retrieved 27 February 2016.
  13. "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
  14. US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Retrieved 1 October 2011. Kuwait 2,595,62
  15. "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 1 January 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2011. Nevada, 2,700,551
  16. "Population by religion community - 2011". Census of India, 2011. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived from the original on 25 August 2015.
  17. 2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue
  18. M. Paul Lewis, ed. (2010). "Andh: A language of India". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (16th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Retrieved 28 September 2011.
  19. "Agriculture Produce Market Committee - Amaravati Division: Buldhana District". Archived from the original on 5 November 2007. Retrieved 1 February 2007.
  20. "Distribution of KVKs in different States by Host Organization". Archived from the original on 12 April 2010. Retrieved 24 November 2009.
  21. "About Gajanan Maharaj Sansthan".
  22. https://www.maharashtratourism.gov.in/treasures/temple/sant-gajanan-maharaj-shegoan
  23. "Anand Sagar". Archived from the original on 2 May 2017. Retrieved 7 March 2017.
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